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Class of molecules formed by ultraviolet irradiation of organic compounds
Tholins (after the Greek θολός (tholós) "hazy" or "muddy"; from the ancient Greek word meaning "sepia ink") are a wide variety of organic compounds formed
Tholin
Solar system objects beyond Neptune
macromolecules, named tholins, created by intense radiation. Four major tholins are used to fit the reddening slope: Titan tholin, believed to be produced
Trans-Neptunian_object
Swedish online newspaper
owners Tino Sanandaji and Pontus Tholin each reported the other to the Swedish police for various types of fraud. Tholin stated that the paper should file
Bulletin_(online_newspaper)
Swedish politician (1860–1927)
Claes Emil Tholin (born 22 October 1860 in the former Södra Säm parish near Gällstad, Älvsborgs län) was the first leader of the Swedish Social Democratic
Claes_Tholin
Largest natural satellite of Pluto
pole of Charon is composed of tholins, organic macromolecules that may be essential ingredients of life. These tholins were produced from methane, nitrogen
Charon_(moon)
Type of Solar System object
suggested to be a mixture of 15% Triton-like tholins, 8% Titan-like tholin, 37% amorphous carbon and 40% ice tholin. Chiron appears to be the most complex.
Centaur (small Solar System body)
Centaur_(small_Solar_System_body)
Sixth planet from the Sun
thickness. They are composed predominantly of water ice, with trace amounts of tholin impurities and a peppered coating of approximately 7% amorphous carbon.
Saturn
Layer of gasses surrounding the moon Titan
produced by other more complex chemicals in small quantities, possibly tholins, tar-like organic precipitates. The presence of a significant atmosphere
Atmosphere_of_Titan
Distant body in the outer Solar System
ethane, along with sedimentary deposits of methane-derived, reddish-colored tholins, a chemical makeup similar to the surfaces of other trans-Neptunian objects
Sedna_(dwarf_planet)
Atmospheric phenomenon causing planetary cooling
Saturn's moon Titan. In Titan's stratosphere, a haze composed of organic tholin aerosols simultaneously absorbs sunlight and is nearly transparent to infrared
Anti-greenhouse_effect
Giant planet mostly made of light elements
storms. Tholins are brown organic compounds found within the surface of various planets that are formed by exposure to UV irradiation. The tholins that exist
Gas_giant
is possible that areas of Titan's surface may be coated in a layer of tholins, but this has not been confirmed. The presence of rain indicates that Titan
Climate_of_Titan
Kuiper belt object
planetesimals 4.5 billion years ago. The surface of Arrokoth is tinted red by tholins and shows little cratering, which suggests that it has undergone little
486958_Arrokoth
Dwarf planet in the scattered-disc
Gonggong is very red, likely due to the presence of organic compounds called tholins on its surface. Water ice is also present on its surface, which hints at
Gonggong_(dwarf_planet)
Future NASA mission to Titan
acquired some atmospheric and surface measurements on Titan, detecting tholins, which are a mix of various types of hydrocarbons (organic compounds) in
Dragonfly_(Titan_space_probe)
Swedish politician (born 1957)
Swedish Social Democratic Party and became in 2011 the first since Claes Tholin in 1907 to leave that position without having served as Prime Minister of
Mona_Sahlin
Hypothesis of hidden life in space
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Dark_forest_hypothesis
Political party
resignation. Sahlin and Juholt become the first SAP party leaders since Claes Tholin, who was party leader 1896–1907, to not become Prime Ministers of Sweden
Swedish Social Democratic Party
Swedish_Social_Democratic_Party
Chemical compound of hydrogen and oxygen
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Water
Dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
reflective, covered largely by frozen methane, and stained reddish-brown by tholins. Makemake has one known moon, which has not been named. The orbit of this
Makemake
Ringed dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
June 2002. Quaoar has a reddish surface made of crystalline water ice, tholins, and traces of frozen methane. Quaoar has two thin rings orbiting outside
Quaoar
Type of intense dust storm
of liquid methane droplets, and the dust is likely composed of organic tholins. weather portal Bora (wind) Dry thunderstorm Dust devil Intertropical Convergence
Haboob
Largest moon of Saturn
2013, NASA reported that complex organic chemicals, collectively called tholins, likely arise on Titan, based on studies simulating the atmosphere of Titan
Titan_(moon)
Matter with biological processes
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Life
Organic compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ethanol
Main-belt Themistian asteroid
Organic compounds were also detected on the surface of Themis in the form of tholins, high-molecular weight organics found in the outer solar system, distinguished
24_Themis
Heavy organic molecular substances that are found in crude oil
inhibitors that can be used by continuous treatment or squeeze treatments. Tholin Mullins, O. C. et al. (eds.) (2007) Asphaltenes, Heavy Oils and Petroleomics
Asphaltene
Musical artist
singing his father's songs. He was usually accompanied by guitarist Love Tholin. In summer 2006, Jack Vreeswijk appeared in a biographical musical show
Jack_Vreeswijk
Historical region of France
Alexander Riese, Geographi Latini Minores, 1878, "Notitia Galliarum" p. 143 Tholin, G. "L'Agenais (in French)". Imago Mundi. Serge Jodra. Retrieved 11 December
Agenais
Trans-Neptunian dwarf planet
water ice, tholins, methane ice and ammonia hydrate gives a slightly inferior result. On the other hand, a mixture of only ammonia hydrate, tholins and water
Orcus_(dwarf_planet)
Life that does not originate on Earth
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Extraterrestrial_life
Swedish politician, Prime Minister of Sweden, 1932–36 and 1936–46
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Per_Albin_Hansson
Chemical compound with formula NaCl
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Sodium_chloride
Hydrocarbon compound (CH4) in natural gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methane
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Dimethyl_ether
Second-largest moon of Saturn
technically their albedo). The extensive dark areas are thought to be deposited tholins, which are a mix of complex organic compounds generated on the ice by pyrolysis
Rhea_(moon)
Isotope of hydrogen with one neutron
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Deuterium
Swedish politician (born 1955)
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Lars_Stjernkvist
Colourless non-flammable greenhouse gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Nitrous_oxide
Covalent chemical bond between hydrogen and carbon atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbon–hydrogen_bond
Idea that any intelligent life is destroyed by aliens
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Berserker_hypothesis
Life arising from non-living matter
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Abiogenesis
Chemical acid found in vinegar
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Acetic_acid
Compact notation for chemical compounds
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Chemical_formula
Moon of Orcus
which suggests that its surface composition may be similar to those of tholin-covered Kuiper belt objects. Vanth's reddish color and apparent lack of
Vanth_(moon)
Collection of bodies in the extreme Solar System
expected to have large amounts of surface methane, chemically altered into tholins by sunlight from the Sun. This would absorb blue light, creating a reddish
Scattered_disc
Geologic structure and composition of Charon
northern regions of Charon are composed partially of hydrocarbons and tholins, whereas the lower latitudes are more diverse in composition. Researchers
Geology_of_Charon
Asteroid sharing the orbit of Jupiter
their surface has been obtained, but it is thought that they are coated in tholins, organic polymers formed by the Sun's radiation. The Jupiter trojans' densities
Jupiter_trojan
Bishun Khare, Indian-American atmospheric chemist who researched Pluto's tholin cycle WGPSN Kiladze 28°23′N 212°55′E / 28.39°N 212.92°E / 28.39; 212
List of craters in the Solar System
List_of_craters_in_the_Solar_System
Poisonous and flammable gas
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_sulfide
Proposed sample-return mission to a comet
compounds early in its development by tholin-rich comets, providing the raw material necessary for life to emerge. Tholins were detected by the Rosetta mission
CAESAR_(spacecraft)
Estimate of extraterrestrial civilizations
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Drake_equation
Dust floating in space
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Cosmic_dust
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_cyanide
Plutino
carbon and tholins, with the following best-fit model of Ixion's surface composition: 65% amorphous carbon, 20% cometary ice tholins (ice tholin II), 13%
28978_Ixion
Main-belt asteroid
space-weathered with the composition of primitive organic compounds, including tholins. Fortuna is 225 km in diameter and has one of the darkest known geometric
19_Fortuna
Mountain on Titan
composed of liquid methane and ethane, hydrocarbon dust and organic smog and tholin haze; the summit of Doom Mons, however, appears to be mostly clear and ice-capped
Doom_Mons
Swedish politician (1860–1925)
Party political offices Preceded by Claes Tholin Leader of the Social Democratic Party 1907–1925 Succeeded by Per Albin Hansson Political offices Preceded by
Hjalmar_Branting
Persistent storm in Jupiter's atmosphere
which produces a reddish material—likely complex organic compounds called tholins. The high altitude of the compounds may also contribute to the coloring
Great_Red_Spot
Void between celestial bodies
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Outer_space
Experiment testing the origin of life
reactions to synthesize and experiment with complex organic particles dubbed "tholins", which likely resemble particles formed in hazy atmospheres like that
Miller–Urey_experiment
Earth-size exoplanet orbiting Kepler-1649
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Kepler-1649c
Chemical element with atomic number 18 (Ar)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Argon
Scientific assessments on the microbial habitability of Titan
addition of UV radiation, complex molecules and polymer substances like tholins can be generated. The reaction starts with dissociation of nitrogen and
Life_on_Titan
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbon_dioxide
Chemical group (–CH3) derived from methane
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methyl_group
Potassium compound and alternative to salt
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Potassium_chloride
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
that they are composed of abiotic organic compounds collectively called tholins. The morphology of Europa's impact craters and ridges is suggestive of
Europa_(moon)
Molecule composed of any two atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Diatomic_molecule
CH3OH; simplest possible alcohol
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methanol
Class of organic compounds with general structure RN=C=NR'
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbodiimide
Chemical group (–OCH3)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methoxy_group
Chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Hydrogen_peroxide
Chemical compound (SiH4)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Silane
Habitable zone for complex life List of potentially habitable exoplanets Tholin Superhabitable planet Catalogues Nearby Habitable Systems Exoplanet Data
Lists_of_planets
Simplest carboxylic acid (HCOOH)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Formic_acid
Electrically neutral group of two or more atoms
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Molecule
Organic ammonia derivative
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methylamine
Prime Minister of Sweden (1969–76; 1982–86)
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Olof_Palme
Dwarf planet with a ring and two moons
trans-Neptunian objects where the common surface materials of organic ices and tholin-like compounds are present, as is the case with Pluto. Therefore, the spectra
Haumea
Organic compound ((CH3)2CO); simplest ketone
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Acetone
Organic compound (HOCH2–CHO)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Glycolaldehyde
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Abundance of the chemical elements
Abundance_of_the_chemical_elements
Astronomer and planetary scientist (1933–2013)
atmospheres and of molecules relevant to biology. He published several papers on tholins, the organic molecules formed by ultraviolet radiation or cosmic rays.
Bishun_Khare
Most massive dwarf planet
and uniform. Pluto's reddish color is thought to be due to deposits of tholins on its surface, and where these deposits darken the surface, the lower
Eris_(dwarf_planet)
99.9% pure water ice with a smattering of impurities that may include tholins or silicates. The main rings are primarily composed of particles smaller
Rings_of_Saturn
Largest moon of Neptune
color is thought to be the result of methane ice, which is converted to tholins under exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Because Triton's surface indicates
Triton_(moon)
Carbon-containing chemical compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Organic_compound
Solid organic matter in sedimentary rocks
shale geology – Branch of geology Petroleum geology – Field in geology Tholin – Class of molecules formed by ultraviolet irradiation of organic compounds
Kerogen
Hydrocarbon compound (H2C=CH2)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Ethylene
Chemical element with atomic number 7 (N)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Nitrogen
Polymer derived from more than one species of monomer
example. Copolymers section of Polymer article Thermoplastic elastomer Tholin McNaught, A. D.; Wilkinson, A. (1996). "Glossary of basic terms in polymer
Copolymer
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Swedish National Pensioners' Organisation
Swedish_National_Pensioners'_Organisation
Prime Minister of Sweden from 2021 to 2022
v t e Swedish Social Democratic Party Leadership Leaders Tholin Branting Hansson Erlander Palme Carlsson Persson Sahlin Juholt Löfven Andersson General
Magdalena_Andersson
Chemical group (=CH2)
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Methylene_(compound)
Trans-Neptunian object
other distant objects, it is probably also fairly red in appearance due to tholins on its surface.[citation needed] List of Solar System objects by greatest
2017_MB7
Caustic soda, with formula NaOH
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Sodium_hydroxide
Idea that humanity is the first intelligent life
analog Extraterrestrial liquid water Of natural satellites Superhabitable Tholins Proximity To red dwarfs To orange dwarfs To yellow dwarfs To F-type stars
Firstborn_hypothesis
Moon of Pluto
responsible for the presence of reddish material, likely tholins, on its surface. In this case, tholins on the surface of Nix may have originated from the reaction
Nix_(moon)
Poisonous oxygen-carbon compound
aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) Pseudo-panspermia RNA world hypothesis Spectroscopy Tholin Category:Astrochemistry Outer space portal Astronomy portal Chemistry portal
Carbon_monoxide
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
Boy/Male
Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Intelligent
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Christian, English
Stony Meadow; From the Stony Ford; Stone Ford
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English delf ‘excavation’, ‘digging’ (Old English (ge)delf), hence a topographic name for someone who lived by a ditch or quarry, a metonymic occupational name for a ditch-cutter or quarryman, or alternatively a habitational name from any of various places named with this word, as for example Delf in Kent and Delph in Lancashire (now Greater Manchester) and Yorkshire.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Boy/Male
Norse
Son of Raud.
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Peaceful Ruler
Boy/Male
Tamil
Sevak of Lord Siva
Girl/Female
Indian
Queen
Girl/Female
Tamil
Goddess Lakshmi
Boy/Male
English
From the south meadow.
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
THOLIN
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Thole