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Empire in West Africa from c. 1464 to 1591
The Songhai Empire was a state located in the western part of the Sahel during the 15th and 16th centuries. At its peak, it was one of the largest African
Songhai_Empire
Topics referred to by the same term
the Songhai people Safiya Songhai (born 1984), American film director Songhai Empire, a former country The Songhai, a geographic area in Niger Songhai or
Songhai
Geographical region of Niger
The Songhai (also Soŋay, Soŋaytaray ([soŋaj], [soŋajtaraj])) is an area in the northwestern corner of Niger's Tillabéri Region populated mainly by the
The_Songhai
Ethno-linguistic group of West Africa
The Songhai people (autonym: Ayneha) are an ethnolinguistic group in West Africa who speak the various Songhai languages. Their history and lingua franca
Songhai_people
1590–1599 war
The Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire began with an expedition sent in 1590 by Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur of the Saadian dynasty, which ruled over Morocco
Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire
Moroccan_invasion_of_the_Songhai_Empire
American film director
Hendricks and Tamara Pierce. Songhai's parents met at the Philadelphia International Film Festival and Market, a festival where Songhai would later win her first
Safiya_Songhai
Songhai subgroup
The Songhaiborai (also Songhai, Songhay, Sonrhaï) are a distinct subgroup within the larger Songhai ethnolinguistic family, residing predominantly in
Songhaiborai
Landlocked country in West Africa
became included in states such as the Sultanate of Agadez and the Songhai Empire. It was colonized by France during the Scramble for Africa as part of French
Niger
Language family
is the smaller of the two branches of the Songhay languages. It is a group of heavily Berber-influenced dialects spoken in scattered oases of the Sahara
Northern_Songhay_languages
Country in West Africa
education. The Songhai Empire absorbed the Mali Empire in 1468,[not verified in body] followed by a Saadian army which defeated the Songhai in 1591. In the late
Mali
The Malian-Songhai Wars were a series of conflicts during the 15th and 16th centuries between the Mali Empire and the Songhai Empire. The Mali Empire
Malian-Songhai_Wars
Empire in West Africa from c. 1235 to 1610
Yatenga, and the Songhai Empire chipped away at Mali's borders. In 1544/45, the Songhai invaded the capital but were unsuccessful in conquering the empire.
Mali_Empire
1591–1833 Moroccan polity in West Africa
was formed after the Battle of Tondibi, when a military expedition sent by Saadian sultan Ahmad al-Mansur of Morocco defeated the Songhai Empire and established
Pashalik_of_Timbuktu
1988 studio album by Ketama, Toumani Diabaté, and Danny Thompson
Songhai is a fusion flamenco album by Spanish band Ketama, working in collaboration with Malian kora player Toumani Diabaté, British double bassist Danny
Songhai_(album)
27 BC–476/1453 AD state and civilization
The Roman Empire was a state that dominated the Mediterranean and much of Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa during the classical period. The Roman
Roman_Empire
1591 battle during the Moroccan invasion of the Songhai Empire
The Battle of Tondibi was the decisive confrontation in the 16th-century invasion of the Songhai Empire by the army of the Saadi dynasty in Morocco. The
Battle_of_Tondibi
Language family
Southern Songhay is the more populous branch of the Songhay languages, centered on the Niger River, including Timbuktu and the old capital of Gao. It includes
Southern_Songhay_languages
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
and the Middle Ages. Having survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, it endured until the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman
Byzantine_Empire
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
The Ottoman Empire, historically also known as the Turkish Empire or Turkey, was a state that spanned much of Southeastern Europe, West Asia, and North
Ottoman_Empire
Territories ruled by the United Kingdom
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates, and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its
British_Empire
First ruler of the Askia dynasty of the Songhai Empire
Muhammad Ture, was the first ruler of the Askia dynasty of the Songhai Empire, reigning from 1493 to 1528. He is also known as Askia the Great, and his name
Askia_Muhammad_I
Kingdoms and empires centered in the Sahel
Sérère". The Songhai Empire, c. 1500 Bornu Empire territory by 1500 The Mali Empire, the Songhai Empire and Mossi kingdoms, 1530] Eastern Sahel The main slave
Sahelian_kingdoms
Historic African state
The Dendi (or Dandi, Dendiganda) was a former province of the Songhai Empire. It survived the fall of the Empire as a kingdom until 1901, when it was
Dendi_(province)
World music collaboration
Songhai was a world music collaboration between the Spanish flamenco group Ketama, Malian kora player Toumani Diabaté, and English bass player Danny Thompson
Songhai (musical collaboration)
Songhai_(musical_collaboration)
Songhay language
Ansongo to the Mali–Niger border. The expression "koyra-boro senn-i" denotes "the language of the town dwellers", as opposed to nomads like the Tuareg people
Koyraboro_Senni
Group of languages of West Africa
The Songhay, Songhai or Ayneha languages ([sõʁaj], [soŋaj] or [soŋoj]) are a group of closely related languages/dialects centred on the middle stretches
Songhay_languages
Ancient Anatolian people of Kussara
rival empires of the Hurri-Mitanni and Assyrians. Between the 15th and 13th centuries BC, the Hittites were the most dominant powers of the Near East, coming
Hittites
Country in west Africa, 8th–13th centuries
The Gao Empire was a Songhai-speaking Islamic kingdom that ruled the bend of the Niger River in Mali from approximately the 7th century CE until their
Gao_Empire
First king of the Songhai Empire
(Ber meaning "the Great"), reigned from about 1464 to 1492 as the 15th ruler of the Sunni dynasty of the Songhai Empire. He transformed the relatively small
Sonni_Ali
Surname list
among the Songhai nobility, denoting descent from Askia Muhammad I and Sonni Ali Ber. The name Maiga is a commonly used surname among the Songhai people
Maïga
Manchu-led dynasty of China (1644–1912)
power, the empire stretched from the Sea of Japan in the east to the Pamir Mountains in the west, and from the Mongolian Plateau in the north to the South
Qing_dynasty
imperial expansion of the Mali Empire 1300 — 1337 The empire at its zenith 1337 — 1440 The fragmenting empire 1440 — 1490 The empire on the defensive 1500 —
List of conflicts in Mauritania
List_of_conflicts_in_Mauritania
Food from Niger
Dambu or dambou is a dish native to the Zarma and Songhai of Southwestern Niger made from cereals and moringa. It is consumed at any time but mainly during
Dambou
Ethnic group in West Africa
a vassal of the Mali Empire. In the early 14th century they were defeated by the rising Sonni dynasty, founders of the Songhai Empire. The surviving Za
Zarma_people
Moroccan-descended ethnic group of Mali
Timbuktu, the middle Niger bend and the Inner Niger Delta.[citation needed] The 1590 expedition sent to conquer the Songhai Empire trade routes by the Saadi
Arma_people
Historical country and sultanate in Niger
1405 by the Tuareg. The Agadez Sultanate was later conquered by the Songhai Empire in 1500. After the defeat of the Songhai kingdom in 1591, the Agadez
Sultanate_of_Agadez
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
founded and ruled by the House of Sasan from 224 to 651 AD (the era of late antiquity). Lasting for over four centuries, the length of the Sasanian dynasty's
Sasanian_Empire
Second Islamic caliphate (661–750)
after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty from 661 to 750. It succeeded the Rashidun Caliphate, of which the third
Umayyad_Caliphate
France under Napoleon Bonaparte from 1804 to 1815
The French Empire (French: Empire français; Latin: Imperium Francicum), known retroactively as the First French Empire, and colloquially as Napoleonic
First_French_Empire
German state from 1871 to 1918
The German Empire (German: Deutsches Reich), also referred to as Imperial Germany or the Second Reich, was the period of the German Reich from the unification
German_Empire
1438–1533 empire in South America
was the largest empire in pre-Columbian America. The administrative, political, and military center of the empire was in the city of Cusco. The Inca
Inca_Empire
Empire in Eurasia from 1206–1368
The Mongol Empire was the largest contiguous empire in history. Originating in present-day Mongolia in East Asia, the medieval empire at its height stretched
Mongol_Empire
Moroccan eunuch who rose to the rank of pasha
against the Songhai forces on 15 March 1595 near the Niger River. Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur sent an expedition in 1590 to conquer Songhai. The expedition's
Mahmud_ibn_Zarkun
Songhai hegemony Tengela War 1500 — 1600 Collapse of the Mali empire Songhay hegemony in the Sahel The Songhay respite and the battle for Bambuk The Rise
List_of_conflicts_in_Mali
1526–1857 empire in South Asia
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia. At its peak, the empire stretched from the outer fringes of the Indus River Basin in the west
Mughal_Empire
Precolonial kingdom in northern Nigeria
empires such as Songhai and Bornu. At its peak, Katsina's capital was a prominent city in the western Sudan, attracting scholars from the wider region,
Kingdom_of_Katsina
Western half of the Roman Empire (395–476)
the Western Roman Empire was the Roman Empire's western provinces collectively during any period in which they were administered separately from the eastern
Western_Roman_Empire
City in Tombouctou Region, Mali
century. In the first half of the 15th century, the Tuareg people took control for a short period, until the expanding Songhai Empire absorbed it in 1468
Timbuktu
Imperial dynasty in China (202 BC – 220 AD)
short-lived Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and the interregnum known as the Chu–Han Contention (206–202 BC). It was succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD)
Han_dynasty
Spanish-Moroccan military leader (d. 1606)
military leader under the Saadian sultan Ahmad al-Mansur in the late 16th century. He led the Saadian army in the conquest of the Songhai Empire. Born as Diego
Judar_Pasha
Ancient Songhai archaeological site
ancient city on the banks of the Niger River in present-day Mali. It was an early capital of the Songhai people, preceding the founding of the city of Gao
Kukiya,_Mali
Hellenistic-era Greek state in Egypt (305–30 BC)
Hellenistic polity founded in 305 BC by the Macedonian Greek general Ptolemy I Soter and ruled by the Ptolemaic dynasty until the death of Cleopatra in 30 BC. It
Ptolemaic_Kingdom
Sarkin Kano
reign, the sultanate was engaged in a war with Katsina and was reportedly the victim of an invasion by the powerful Songhai Empire though the latter is
Muhammad_Rumfa
1994 studio album by Ali Farka Touré with Ry Cooder
(Tamasheck) – 9:22 "Lasidan" (Bambara) – 6:06 "Keito" (Songhai) – 5:42 "Banga" (Songhai) – 2:32 "Ai Du" (Songhai) – 7:09 "Diaraby" (Bambara) – 7:25 (Languages
Talking_Timbuktu
is a list of present-day cities by the time period over which they have been continuously inhabited as a city. The age claims listed are generally disputed
List of oldest continuously inhabited cities
List_of_oldest_continuously_inhabited_cities
7th Ruler of Saadi Dynasty
own. Accordingly, al-Mansur was drawn irresistibly to the trans-Saharan gold trade of the Songhai in hopes of solving Morocco's economic deficit with Europe
Ahmad_al-Mansur
Ethnic group in West Africa
with local Songhai, Zarma, Sorko and others. While retaining many aspects of Fula traditional culture, the Kurtey have assimilated into Songhai-Zarma ways
Kurtey_people
Region and former country in present-day Mali
kingdom in the Wagadou, Mali and Songhai Empires. A plain of alluvial deposits, Méma is situated north of Massina, west of Lake Debo and the Inner Niger
Méma
Colonial empire between 1415 and 1999
The Portuguese Empire, c. 1415 to 1999, was the first and longest lasting of the European colonial empires. Initiated during the Age of Discovery, at one
Portuguese_Empire
German state from 1933 to 1945
the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country
Nazi_Germany
Country in North Africa
dominion. The Saadi dynasty expanded its territory through the conquest of the Songhai Empire in the late 16th century. The Alawi dynasty, which rules the country
Morocco
Continent
including the Hausa, are found in more northerly parts of the region nearest to the Sahara, and Nilo-Saharan communities, such as the Songhai, Kanuri,
Africa
Largest living species of dolphin
Kaitlin R.; Hauser, Robert A. (December 16, 2019). Li, Songhai (ed.). "Higher neuron densities in the cerebral cortex and larger cerebellums may limit dive
Orca
Colonial empire between 1492 and 1976
The Spanish Empire, sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy, was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976
Spanish_Empire
European political entity (800/962–1806)
The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity comprising and controlling much of Central Europe
Holy_Roman_Empire
List of spirits and deities in various traditional African religions
well as deities found within the traditional African religions. It also covers spirits as well as deities found within the African religions—which is mostly
List of African deities and mythological figures
List_of_African_deities_and_mythological_figures
Ruler of the Songhai Empire
Muhammad Gao was the last ruler of the Songhai Empire. A son of Askia Daoud, he assumed power in the last months of 1591 after the defeat of Askia Ishaq
Askia_Muhammad_Gao
History of an empire in West Africa from c. 1226 to 1670
Mali repeatedly battle the Songhai and the rising power of the Fula warlords Tenguella and his son Koli Tenguella. When the Songhai were destroyed by a Moroccan
History_of_the_Mali_Empire
Ruler of Kebbi
resisted both the powerful Songhai and Kanem-Bornu empires. Kanta rose to prominence as a military commander in the service of the Songhai Empire, joining
Kanta_Kotal
Flowing wide-sleeved robe in Africa
described below, is also known as the Senegalese kaftan. Its origin lies with the clothing style of the Wolof, Mande, Songhai-Zarma, Hausa, Kanuri, Toubou
Boubou_(clothing)
Ancient Indian empire (c. 321–185 BCE)
loose-knit fashion until 185 BCE. The primary sources for the written records of the Mauryan times are partial records of the lost history of Megasthenes in
Maurya_Empire
imperial expansion of the Mali Empire 1,235 C.E. — 1,255 C.E. Tiramakhan's western campaign Tiramakhan, also known as Tiramaghan, of the Traore clan, was ordered
List_of_conflicts_in_Senegal
Iranian empire (247 BC – 224 AD)
The Parthian Empire (/ˈpɑːrθiən/), also known as the Arsacid Empire (/ˈɑːrsəsɪd/), was a major Iranian political and cultural power centered in ancient
Parthian_Empire
Berber writer (1556–1627)
Morocco over accusations of sedition, after the Moroccan invasion of Songhai where he remained in Fez until the death of Ahmad al-Mansur. His successor,
Ahmad_Baba_al-Timbukti
Desert on the African continent
Nubians, Zaghawa, Kanuri, Hausa, Songhai, Beja, and Fula/Fulani (French: Peul; Fula: Fulɓe). The archaeological evidence from the Holocene period has shown that
Sahara
Country in West Africa
at the end of the 14th century followed internal discord and revolts by vassal states, one of which, Songhai, flourished as an empire between the 14th
Ivory_Coast
Hellenistic state in West Asia (312–63 BC)
following the division of the Macedonian Empire founded by Alexander the Great, and ruled by the Seleucid dynasty until its annexation by the Roman Republic
Seleucid_Empire
Mythical water spirits
spirits that inhabit rivers and lakes in West Africa. The spirits are part of the mythology of the Songhai. Mythology: Myths, Legends and Fantasies. Struik
Zin_(water_spirits)
Western European kingdom (c. 481–843)
The Kingdom of the Franks (Latin: Regnum Francorum), also known as the Frankish Kingdom or Francia, was the largest post-Roman kingdom in Western Europe
Francia
History of a city in the Republic of Mali
expanding Songhai Empire absorbed the city in 1468. The Moroccan army defeated the Songhai in 1591, and made Timbuktu, rather than Gao, their capital. The invaders
History_of_Timbuktu
Ethnic group in the Sahel and West Africa
Adlam letters. The Fula people, Fulani people, or Fulɓe are an ethnic group in the Sahara, Sahel, and West Africa, widely dispersed across the region. Inhabiting
Fula_people
Town in Mopti Region, Mali
1599 the Mali Empire attempted to fill the void, but was defeated by the Moroccans outside the walls of Djenne. Despite the fall of the Songhai, Djenné
Djenné
Aspect of Nigerian history
control the empire and the various provinces, including the Hausa states, became independent. The collapse undermined Songhai's hegemony over the Hausa
History of Nigeria (1500–1800)
History_of_Nigeria_(1500–1800)
People identified with the country of Mali
ethnicities such as the Bambara, Fula, Senufo, Malinke, Songhai and Bobo peoples but also a range of groups with origins in the Middle East and North
Malians
Sultanate in West Africa
including the Mali Empire (14th century), the Songhai Empire (15th-16th centuries), the Arma (Moroccan) pashas of Tomboctou (17th century), and the Segou
Sultanate_of_Massina
Last emperor of Mali
of the Empire of Great Fulo on its western border and the sacking of its capital by the Songhai Empire in 1545. The 1591 Moroccan invasion of the Songhai
Mahmud_IV_(mansa)
Overseas territories controlled by the Dutch Republic and the Netherlands
the Dutch Republic (1581–1795) and modern Kingdom of the Netherlands (1815–1975). Following the de facto independence of the Dutch Republic from the Spanish
Dutch_colonial_empire
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
The Achaemenid Empire (/əˈkiː.mə.nɪd/, ə-KEE-mə-nid; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' or 'The Kingdom') was an ancient Iranian empire founded
Achaemenid_Empire
Place
middle of the 1500s. Despite fierce resistance, the Songhai occupied the city and devastated the surrounding region. After the collapse of the Songhai Empire
Bussa,_Nigeria
UNESCO World Heritage Site in Gao, Mali
The Tomb of Askia, in Gao, Mali, is believed to be the burial place of Askia Muhammad I, one of the Songhai Empire's most prolific emperors. It was built
Tomb_of_Askia
Monarchy in South America (1822–1889)
The Empire of Brazil (Portuguese: Império do Brasil) was a 19th-century state that broadly comprised the territories which form modern Brazil and Uruguay
Empire_of_Brazil
Restraint of a person's liberty by judicial or other detention
generally as punishment, except in the Songhai Empire (1464–1591) and in connection with the Atlantic slave trade. In the colonial period, imprisonment provided
Imprisonment
Songhai dynasty in West Africa
The Askiya dynasty, also known as the Askia dynasty, ruled the Songhai Empire at the height of that state's power. It was founded in 1493 by Askia Mohammad
Askiya_dynasty
Emperor of the Songhai Empire
Askia Musa or Askiya Musa (ruled 1529–1531) was the second Askia ruler of the Songhai Empire. Musa was the son of Askia Mohammad I and Zāra Kabirun-koi,
Askia_Musa
Imperial dynasty of China (221–206 BC)
The Qin dynasty (/tʃɪn/ CHIN) was the first imperial dynasty of China. It is named for its progenitor state of Qin, a fief of the confederal Zhou dynasty
Qin_dynasty
Deputy leader of Niger since 2023
been the Vice President of the National Council for the Safeguard of the Homeland since 2023. Modi was a member of the Supreme Council for the Restoration
Salifou_Modi
Ethnic group in West Africa
the Songhai people, and were an integral part of the Songhai Empire as the Dendi province or Dendiganda. Derived from the Songhay language, the term
Dendi_people
Imperial dynasty of China (1368–1644)
Yuan dynasty. The Ming was the last imperial dynasty of China ruled by the Han people, the majority ethnic group in China. Although the primary capital
Ming_dynasty
Region of Mali
32%) Bozo (1.22%) Other (1.30%) In 2022, the largest ethnic groups in the region were the Tuareg and Songhai. Minorities in Tombouctou include Arabs (Maure)
Tombouctou_Region
Russian state from 1721 to 1917
The Russian Empire was the final period of the Russian monarchy. It spanned most of northern Eurasia from its establishment in 1721 until the proclamation
Russian_Empire
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