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System of plant classification developed by the Russian scientist Armen Takhtajan
A system of plant taxonomy, the Takhtajan system of plant classification was published by Armen Takhtajan, in several versions from the 1950s onwards
Takhtajan_system
Class of flowering plants
the taxonomic system being used, in practice this name is very strongly linked to the Cronquist system, and the allied Takhtajan system. These two are
Liliopsida
Soviet-Armenian botanist (1910–2009)
Armen Leonovich Takhtajan or Takhtajian (Armenian: Արմեն Լևոնի Թախտաջյան; Russian: Армен Леонович Тахтаджян; pronounced takh-tuh-JAHN[needs IPA]; 10 June
Armen_Takhtajan
Clade of monocot flowering plants
was also used in the 1981 Cronquist system. However, by the release of his 1980 system of classification, Takhtajan had merged this subclass into a larger
Commelinids
Class of flowering plants
system being discussed. In the Takhtajan system and the Cronquist system, the name was used for the group known as dicotyledons. The Takhtajan system
Magnoliopsida
Subclass of flowering plants
taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Liliaceae. The Takhtajan system treats
Liliidae
Subclass of flowering plants
new name: earlier systems, such as the Engler and Wettstein systems, used the name Helobiae for a comparable unit. The Takhtajan system treats this as one
Alismatidae
Rank based classification system for organisms
system. His botanical classification and sexual system were used well in the nineteenth century. Within each class were several orders. This system is
Linnaean_taxonomy
Order of orchids
the Dahlgren system, see below), sometimes other families are added: Takhtajan system: order Orchidales family Orchidaceae Cronquist system (1981): order
Orchidales
(also known as modified Engler system, in Angiospermae) Takhtajan system A. Takhtajan; (in Russian, 1966). A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants
List of systems of plant taxonomy
List_of_systems_of_plant_taxonomy
System of flowering plant classification
of the Flowering Plant Taxa Accepted by Cronquist, Dahlgren, Reveal, Takhtajan & Thorne". Vascular Plant Family Nomenclature. University of Maryland:
Cronquist_system
Subclass of flowering plants
taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Arecaceae. The Takhtajan system used this
Arecidae
Order of flowering plants
Dilleniaceae The Takhtajan system of 1969 had the families Dilleniaceae and Crossosomataceae in the order.[citation needed] The APG III system assigned the
Dilleniales
System of plant classification
A taxonomic system for seed plants was published in Bentham and Hooker's Genera plantarum ad exemplaria imprimis in herbariis kewensibus servata definita
Bentham_&_Hooker_system
Subfamily of plants in the family Asteraceae
be within this subfamily but the data on this is inconclusive. The Takhtajan system divides the Asteraceae into only two subfamilies, the Asteroideae in
Carduoideae
System of plant taxonomy
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based
APG_II_system
Dutch botanist known for his work on plant taxonomy
Botanisches Centralblatt and the Progressus rei botanicae. He proposed a system of plant classification, based on phylogenetics. Lotsy argued for a major
Johannes_Paulus_Lotsy
Order of flowering plants
systems, such as Cronquist's system of 1981, often included the Ceratophyllaceae and Nelumbonaceae in the Nymphaeales. Although, the Takhtajan system
Nymphaeales
1820 botanical text
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
O_Přirozenosti_Rostlin
Plant taxonomic system
Candolle system is a system of plant taxonomy by French (Swiss) botanist Augustin Pyramus de Candolle (1778−1841). The first taxonomic system by de Candolle
De_Candolle_system
System of flowering plant classification
One of the modern systems of plant taxonomy, the Dahlgren system was published by monocot specialist Rolf Dahlgren in 1975 and revised in 1977, and 1980
Dahlgren_system
System of plant taxonomy
The APG III system of flowering plant classification is the third version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy being developed
APG_III_system
20th century system of plant classification
of the Flowering Plant Taxa Accepted by Cronquist, Dahlgren, Reveal, Takhtajan & Thorne". Plant Systematics. University of Maryland: Norton-Brown Herbarium
Reveal_system
Family of flowering plants
Agdestioideae and Phytolaccoideae, with the former Rivinioideae in the Takhtajan system, now placed in its own family Petiveriaceae The Phytolaccaceae includes
Phytolaccaceae
Late 18th century system of plant taxonomy
An early system of plant taxonomy developed by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (1748–1836), the de Jussieu System (1789), is of great importance as a starting
De_Jussieu_system
Taxonomic system of plant classification, by John Lindley (1799–1865)
An early system of plant taxonomy, the Lindley system, was first published by John Lindley as An Introduction to the Natural System of Botany (Natural
Lindley_system
System of plant taxonomy devised by Adolf Engler
One of the prime systems of plant taxonomy, the Engler system was devised by Adolf Engler (1844–1930), and is featured in two major taxonomic texts he
Engler_system
Subclass of plants
flowering plants (Angiosperms) used in some taxonomic systems such as the Takhtajan system or Reveal system. By necessity it includes the order Ranunculales
Ranunculidae
System of plant taxonomy
A system of plant taxonomy, the Goldberg system was published in: Goldberg (1986). "Classification, Evolution and Phylogeny of the Families of Dicotyledons"
Goldberg_system
Family of flowering plants
Eremolepidaceae is treated in some systems as a family of flowering plants in the order Santalales. In the Takhtajan system it consists of the genera Antidaphne
Eremolepidaceae
Genus of flowering plants
"smell", referring to the fragrant wood of some of the species. The Takhtajan system places it in the family Flacourtiaceae, which is considered defunct
Xylosma
French botanist
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem
Philippe_Édouard_Léon_Van_Tieghem
System of plant taxonomy
The APG system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system) of plant classification is the first version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy
APG_system
Scientific study of identifying, classifying, describing, and naming plants
Rosopsida. The Takhtajan system and Cronquist system treat them as a division (Magnoliophyta).[citation needed] The Dahlgren system and Thorne system (1992) treat
Plant_taxonomy
2016 revision of a flowering plant classification
The APG IV system of flowering plant classification is the fourth version of a modern, mostly molecular-based, system of plant taxonomy for flowering plants
APG_IV_system
System of plant classification
classifications - for example, those of Cronquist (1981, 1983, 1988), Takhtajan (1969, 1980, 1983, 1991), Stebbins (1974), R. Dahlgren (1975, 1980, 1983;
Bessey_system
System of plant taxonomy
A system of plant taxonomy, the Wettstein system recognised the following main groups, according to Richard Wettstein's Handbuch der Systematischen Botanik
Wettstein_system
Clade of flowering plants
then Liliopsida in the Takhtajan system and the Cronquist system subclass Liliidae in the Dahlgren system and the Thorne system Over the 1980s, a more
Monocotyledon
System of plant classification devised by John Hutchison (1923)
A system of plant taxonomy by John Hutchinson, the Hutchinson system, was published as The families of flowering plants, arranged according to a new system
Hutchinson_system
Swedish cleric and botanist (1785-1859)
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
Carl_Adolph_Agardh
British naturalist (1627–1705)
Plantarum was an important step towards modern taxonomy. Ray rejected the system of dichotomous division, by which species were classified by repeated sub-division
John_Ray
Scottish botanist (1798–1856)
species from Sierra Leone. Don's main work was his four volume A General System of Gardening and Botany, published between 1832 and 1838 (often referred
George_Don
Angiosperm taxonomic classification at Missouri Botanical gardens
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Website
German naturalist (1761–1802)
as Dutch elm disease), but without realizing their origin. Rejecting the system of Carl Linnaeus, he began to classify plants on the basis of their external
August_Batsch
Taxonomic system for flowering plants
The Melchior system, "a reference in all taxonomic courses", is a classification system detailing the taxonomic system of the Angiospermae according to
Melchior_system
German botanist of the 19th century
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
August_Grisebach
British botanist, mycologist, and pharmacologist
the first British flora to employ Antoine Laurent de Jussieu's natural system of plant classification, an improvement on the artificial classification
Samuel_Frederick_Gray
Genus of flowering plants
the Takhtajan system from 2009, the author classified the genus in the subfamily Urgineoideae within the family Hyacinthaceae. In the Reveal system from
Bowiea
Order of dicotyledon plants
dicotyledons in the Takhtajan system of plant classification. This order has been abandoned by more recent systems such as the APG system,[citation needed]
Tamaricales
System of plant taxonomy
The Kubitzki system is a system of plant taxonomy devised by Klaus Kubitzki, and is the product of an ongoing survey of vascular plants, entitled The Families
Kubitzki_system
Plant taxonomy system
of the Flowering Plant Taxa Accepted by Cronquist, Dahlgren, Reveal, Takhtajan & Thorne". Vascular Plant Family Nomenclature. University of Maryland:
Thorne_system
1813 book by Augustin Pyramus de Candolle
botany by introducing the use of the term taxonomy and a new classification system for grouping plants together. This book placed emphasis on the study of
Théorie Élémentaire de la Botanique
Théorie_Élémentaire_de_la_Botanique
Collaborative research group for the classification of flowering plants
Engler system in continental Europe, the Bentham & Hooker system in Britain (particularly influential because it was used by Kew), the Takhtajan system in
Angiosperm_Phylogeny_Group
System of angiosperm plant classification
The Stebbins system is an angiosperm plants classification drawn up by the American botanist G. Ledyard Stebbins (1906–2000). The system was published
Stebbins_system
Order of monocot flowering plants, including lilies
Superorder Liliiflorae, one of ten divisions of the monocots. Takhtajan (1997) had a more complex system of higher taxonomic ranks, placing Liliales as one of
Liliales
System of plant taxonomy
A 20th-century system of plant taxonomy, the Judd system (1999-2016) of plant classification was drawn up by the American botanist Walter S. Judd (1951-)
Judd_system
French botanist (1897–1969)
systématique Melchior system (1964) Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien Takhtajan system (1966–97) A system and phylogeny of the flowering plants Flowering plants: origin
Louis_Emberger
classification systems, such as the Cronquist system, the Thorne system, the Takhtajan system or the APG II system. Reveal, James L (5 Nov 1997). "Reveal System of
Rosopsida
female full member of the Russian Academy of Sciences Armen Takhtajan, developer of Takhtajan system of flowering plant classification, major biogeographer
List_of_Russian_scientists
Species of flowering plant
ISBN 0-88192-321-4. OCLC 27464639. Retrieved 2025-07-08. Reveal, James. "Takhtajan System of Angiosperm Classification". www.plantsystematics.org. Archived from
Xylosma_nelsonii
Danish botanist and ecologist (1841–1924)
Brazilian ecologist M.G. Ferri with more recent research on the cerrado system and reissued as: Warming, E. & Ferri, M.G. (1973) Lagoa Santa – a vegetação
Eugenius_Warming
Property of certain dynamical systems
Twistors. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-857063-9. Faddeev, L.D.; Takhtajan, L.A. (1987). Hamiltonian Methods in the Theory of Solitons. Addison-Wesley
Integrable_system
Genus of plants
division," referring to the glands at the base of the ovary. The 2009 Takhtajan system placed the genus in the subfamily Rutoideae, tribe Zanthoxyleae. A
Melicope
The Adanson system, published by French botanist Michel Adanson as the Familles des plantes in two volumes in 1763, was an important step in botanical
Adanson_system
Stern, pioneer researcher of blood–brain barrier Armen Takhtajan, developer of Takhtajan system of flowering plant classification, major biogeographer
List_of_Russian_people
Family of flowering plants
systems, such as the Cronquist system and the Takhtajan system, placed it as the sole family in the order Cyclanthales. In the classification system of
Cyclanthaceae
Academy of Sciences Vladimir Sukachev, geobotanist Armen Takhtajan, developer of Takhtajan system of flowering plant classification, major biogeographer
List_of_Russian_biologists
System of plant taxonomy
A system of plant taxonomy, the Eichler system was the first phylogenetic (phyletic) or evolutionary system. It was developed by August W. Eichler (1839–1887)
Eichler_system
19th century German botanist
index generum regni vegetabilis (1838), following the method of Ray. In his system, there were 9 classes, 48 orders and 330 families. A second part of the
Karl_Julius_Perleb
Italian botanist (1882–1949)
botanist at the University of Modena, whose work included a classification system for angiosperms. Come si studiano le piante: manuale di botanica pratica
Vittorio_Calestani
Species of flowering plant
ISSN 0040-0262. JSTOR 1223468. Retrieved 2025-07-08. Reveal, James. "Takhtajan System of Angiosperm Classification". www.plantsystematics.org. Archived from
Xylosma_schwaneckeana
Species of flowering plant
placed in Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems such as those of Cronquist and Takhtajan. Eventually, Flacourtiaceae, including this taxon,
Xylosma_longifolia
Species of flowering plant
placed in Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems such as those of Cronquist and Takhtajan. Eventually, Flacourtiaceae, including this taxon,
Xylosma_benthamii
Japanese botanist (1912–2006)
monocotyledons, and of Japanese species of Hypericum. Kimura, Y. 1953. The system and phylogenetic tree of plants. J. Jpn. Bot. 28: 97–104. Kimura, Y. 1956
Yojiro_Kimura
Floristic region in Asia
provinces according to the work of Armen Takhtajan, a Soviet-Armenian botanist who created a classification system for flowering plants. One of the main
Irano-Turanian_Region
Species of flowering plant
placed in Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems such as those of Cronquist and Takhtajan. Eventually, Flacourtiaceae, including this taxon,
Xylosma_ovata
Genus of flowering plants
naturalist Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck (1776 - 1858). The Takhtajan system placed the genus in the subfamily Rutoideae, while Germplasm Resources
Esenbeckia_(plant)
Generalization of Hamiltonian mechanics involving multiple Hamiltonians
identified with the Casimir of the system, such as enstrophy or helicity. From the view point of Zariski quantization, Takhtajan et al. propose quantization
Nambu_mechanics
Historical grouping of flowering plants
five distinct superorders under Dahlgren's system, only one of which is called Theanae. Calyciflorae Takhtajan, A. (June 1964), "The Taxa of the Higher
Dicotyledon
Genus of flowering plants
structure. The Cronquist system, 1981, placed the family in the order Violales (together with Dioncophyllaceae). The Takhtajan system placed the family in
Ancistrocladus
Species of flowering plant
placed in Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems such as those of Cronquist and Takhtajan. Eventually, Flacourtiaceae, including this taxon,
Xylosma_tweediana
Species of flowering plant
submerged within Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems like Cronquist's or Takhtajan's. In 2002, Samydaceae, including this taxon, were reclassified
Casearia_sylvestris
Formulation of quantum mechanics on a Hilbert Space
Bibcode:2008ASMP...28.....S, doi:10.1142/7038, ISBN 9789812835222, MR 2484367 Takhtajan, Leon A. (2008), Quantum mechanics for mathematicians, Graduate Studies
Dirac–von_Neumann_axioms
Species of flowering plant
placed in Flacourtiaceae under older classification systems such as those of Cronquist and Takhtajan. Eventually, Flacourtiaceae, including this taxon,
Xylosma_ciliatifolia
Clade of seed plants that produce flowers
August 2013. Retrieved 28 August 2017. Takhtajan 1964. Lindley, J. (1830). Introduction to the Natural System of Botany. London: Longman, Rees, Orme,
Flowering_plant
Former order of flowering plants
and Corsiaceae. Later, Burmanniales was included by Takhtajan in the 2009 revision of his system with the same family structure, as an order of superorder
Burmanniales
20th century American botanist known for contributions to taxonomy
Reveal, Takhtajan & Thorne". Plant Systematics. University of Maryland: Norton-Brown Herbarium. Retrieved 10 January 2016. Cronquist System of Angiosperm
James_L._Reveal
Russian-Soviet mathematical physicist
Leon Armenovich Takhtajan (Armenian: Լևոն Թախտաջյան; Russian: Леон Арменович Тахтаджян, born 1 October 1950, Yerevan) is a Russian (and formerly Soviet)
Leon_Takhtajan
Floristic region in the Holarctic kingdom
within the Holarctic kingdom in North America, as delineated by Armen Takhtajan and Robert F. Thorne. It occupies arid or semiarid areas in the southwestern
Madrean_region
Order of flowering plants
older Liliiflorae. Clifford provides a comparison between Takhtajan and the Cronquist system at that time. Later, in 1980 Dahlgren reverted to Liliiflorae
Lilianae
Family of flowering plants
systems, including the APG II, but other classification systems, including that of Armen Takhtajan, include Kaliphora in its own family, the Kaliphoraceae
Montiniaceae
Group of eudicots known as core eudicots
Cronquist, A (1981). An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants. New York: Columbia Univ Press. Takhtajan, A.L. (1997). Diversity and Classification
Pentapetalae
Russian mathematician and physicist (1934–2017)
Institute". Retrieved 5 February 2011. "Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev – ABC". Takhtajan, Leon A. (2022). "Ludwig Dmitrievich Faddeev. 23 March 1934—26 February
Ludvig_Faddeev
Family of flowering plants
Ontario, Canada: Firefly Books. ISBN 978-1-55407-206-4. Takhtajan, Armen (2009). Takhtajan, Armen (ed.). Flowering Plants (Second ed.). Springer. doi:10
Bombacaceae
American botanist (1919–1992)
including the American Robert F. Thorne, the Dane Rolf Dahlgren, and Armen Takhtajan of the U.S.S.R. Each of them would go on to produce their own taxonomic
Arthur_Cronquist
Month of 1910
succeeding the Earl of Minto. Born: Armen Takhtajan, Soviet Armenian botanist, creator of Takhtajan system for plant taxonomy; in Shusha, Russian Empire
June_1910
Genus of monocot flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, order Asparagales
Agapanthoideae of the larger version of Amaryllidaceae. Also in 2009, Armen Takhtajan recognized the three smaller families allowed by APG II, instead of combining
Agapanthus
Family of flowering plants in the order Ericales
(2007), subfamilies include: Previously Barringtoniaceae; also sensu Takhtajan 1997; this subfamily was also called Planchonioideae (which included Barringtonia)
Lecythidaceae
Region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that have a Mediterranean climate
neighbouring floristic regions only. According to different versions of Armen Takhtajan's delineation, the Mediterranean region is further subdivided into seven
Mediterranean_basin
Knotweed family of flowering plants
Sinauer Associates: Sunderland, MA, USA. ISBN 978-0-87893-407-2 Armen L. Takhtajan (Takhtadzhian). Flowering Plants second edition (2009), pages 155-156
Polygonaceae
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