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Parameter of solute diffusion
The Stokes radius or Stokes–Einstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. Named after George
Stokes_radius
Property of colloids and macromolecukes
use hydrodynamic radius as a synonym for the Stokes radius. Note that in biophysics, hydrodynamic radius refers to the Stokes radius, or commonly to the
Hydrodynamic_radius
Equation in Brownian motion
mobility of the charged particle; η is the dynamic viscosity; r is the Stokes radius of the spherical particle. For a particle with electrical charge q,
Einstein relation (kinetic theory)
Einstein_relation_(kinetic_theory)
Equation for the velocity of a body in viscous fluid
derived by George Gabriel Stokes in 1851 by solving the Stokes flow limit for small Reynolds numbers of the Navier–Stokes equations. The force of viscosity
Stokes's_law
Radius of an atomic ion in crystals
Born equation Covalent radius Electride Ionic potential Ionic radius ratio Pauling's rules Stokes radius Van der Waals radius On the basis of conventional
Ionic_radius
Topics referred to by the same term
(disambiguation) Stokes flow Stokes' law Stokes' law of sound attenuation Stokes line Stokes number Stokes parameters Stokes radius Stokes relations Stokes shift
Stokes
drift Stokes expansion, see section about Stokes expansion Stokes flow Stokes number Stokes' paradox Stokes radius Stokes stream function Stokes wave Stokes
List of things named after George Gabriel Stokes
List_of_things_named_after_George_Gabriel_Stokes
Technique for determining size distribution of particles
role in light scattering and is important to calculate the Stokes radius from the Stokes-Einstein equation. Therefore, previous refractive index data
Dynamic_light_scattering
Ability of charged particles to move through a medium in response to an electric field
is also inversely proportional to the Stokes radius a {\displaystyle a} of the ion, which is the effective radius of the moving ion including any molecules
Electrical_mobility
Retarding force on a body moving in a fluid
Gabriel Stokes derived an expression for the drag constant: b = 6 π η r {\displaystyle b=6\pi \eta r\,} where r {\displaystyle r} is the Stokes radius of the
Drag_(physics)
Equations of motion for viscous fluids
Navier and George Gabriel Stokes, who developed them over a few decades of progressive work, from 1822 (Navier) to 1842–1850 (Stokes). Siméon Denis Poisson
Navier–Stokes_equations
Serum albumin protein derived from cows
of 1% Solution: 5.2-7 Optical Rotation: [α]259: -61°; [α]264: -63° Stokes Radius (rs): 3.48 nm Sedimentation constant, S20,W × 1013: 4.5 (monomer), 6
Bovine_serum_albumin
Diameter of a sphere of the same volume as an irregularly-shaped subject
Stokes’ law. Equivalent radius Mean radius (astronomy) Hydraulic diameter Index of sphericity Shape factor Sphericity Stokes radius Jennings, B. R. and Parslow
Equivalent_spherical_diameter
Millennium Prize Problem
The Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness problem concerns the mathematical properties of solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations, a system of partial
Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness
Navier–Stokes_existence_and_smoothness
Scientific instrument used to measure viscosity
(m/s), vertically downwards if ρp > ρf, upwards if ρp < ρf, r is the Stokes radius of the particle (m), g is the gravitational acceleration (m/s2), ρp
Viscometer
Conductivity per molar concentration of electrolyte
concept of Stokes radius. The values obtained for an ionic radius in solution calculated this way can be quite different from the ionic radius for the same
Molar_conductivity
Type of fluid flow
Stokes flow (named after George Gabriel Stokes), also named creeping flow or creeping motion, is a type of fluid flow where advective inertial forces are
Stokes_flow
Stigler Stirling number – James Stirling Stokes radius – George Gabriel Stokes Stokes shift – George Gabriel Stokes Stolper–Samuelson theorem – Paul Samuelson
Scientific phenomena named after people
Scientific_phenomena_named_after_people
Plasmid cloning vector
naturally supercoiled state have determined its radius of gyration to be 65.6 nm and its Stokes radius to be 43.6 nm. Reference samples of this plasmid
PUC19
Type of battery
cell is higher than that of Li+ in lithium batteries, due to a smaller Stokes radius of solvated K+. Since the electrochemical potential of K+ is identical
Potassium-ion_battery
Overview of titanium's biocompatible properties
2 nm is the "diameter" of the protein which is equivalent to twice the Stokes radius, NA = 6.023 × 1023 mol−1 is the Avogadro constant, and c* = 0.23 g⋅L−1
Titanium_biocompatibility
Technique in analytical chemistry
based on differences in their molecular size (actually by a particle's Stokes radius). The separation process is based on the ability of sample molecules
High-performance liquid chromatography
High-performance_liquid_chromatography
Serine protease enzyme
cell's plasma membrane forming a pore. Perforin has a radius of 5.5 nm and granzyme B has a stokes radius of 2.5 nm and can therefore pass through the perforin
Granzyme_B
Class of enzymes
outer segments and shows difficulty when separating from membrane. Its Stokes radius is 8.5 nm in Lubrol 12A9 mixed micelle. Retinoid dehydrogenases/reductases
Retinol_dehydrogenase
Optical phenomenon
description is given by the Stokes parameters, introduced by George Gabriel Stokes in 1852. The relationship of the Stokes parameters to intensity and
Unpolarized_light
Law describing the pressure drop in an incompressible and Newtonian fluid
The theoretical justification of the Poiseuille law was given by George Stokes in 1845. The assumptions of the equation are that the fluid is incompressible
Hagen–Poiseuille_equation
Fluid dynamics phenomenon
steady-state solution for the Stokes equations around an infinitely long cylinder. This is opposed to the 3-dimensional case, where Stokes' method provides a solution
Stokes'_paradox
Oscillating boundary layer over a plate
In fluid dynamics, Stokes problem also known as Stokes second problem or sometimes referred to as Stokes boundary layer or Oscillating boundary layer
Stokes_problem
Fluid dynamics problem
and Sir George Stokes. This is considered as one of the simplest unsteady problems that have an exact solution for the Navier-Stokes equations. The impulse
Rayleigh_problem
Ratio of inertial to viscous forces acting on a liquid
meteorological and climatological effects. The concept was introduced by George Stokes in 1851, but the Reynolds number was named by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1908
Reynolds_number
Nonlinear and periodic surface wave on an inviscid fluid layer of constant mean depth
Stokes – using a perturbation series approach, now known as the Stokes expansion – obtained approximate solutions for nonlinear wave motion. Stokes's
Stokes_wave
bubble. The Hadamard–Rybczynski equation can be derived from the Navier–Stokes equations by considering only the buoyancy force and drag force acting on
Hadamard–Rybczynski_equation
Study of the deformation of solids that touch each other
sphere of radius R {\displaystyle R} indents an elastic half-space where total deformation is d {\displaystyle d} , causing a contact area of radius a = R
Contact_mechanics
Quadruple stabbing in Moscow, Idaho, U.S.
In Indiana, Kohberger was pulled over twice in a nearly five-mile (8 km) radius by the state police on Interstate 70 outside Greenfield for following too
2022_Idaho_student_murders
State of balance between external forces on a fluid and internal pressure gradient
this last equation can be derived by solving the three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equations for the equilibrium situation where u = v = ∂ p ∂ x = ∂ p ∂ y
Hydrostatic_equilibrium
Process by which particulates move towards the bottom of a liquid and form a sediment
acceleration due to gravity, r is the radius of the particle and μ is the dynamic viscosity of the fluid. Stokes' law applies when the Reynolds number
Settling
μ {\displaystyle \mu } whose motion is governed by the Stokes equations. Note that the Stokes' paradox implies that the limit of infinite aspect ratio
Slender-body_theory
Measure of electrostatic effect and how far it persists
electrolytes, the Debye length λ D {\displaystyle \lambda _{\text{D}}} (Debye radius or Debye–Hückel screening length), is a measure of a charge carrier's net
Debye_length
Relationship describing the kinetics of intermolecular photochemical deactivation
derived from the Stokes–Einstein relation and is only useful in this form in the case of two spherical particles of identical radius that react every
Stern–Volmer_relationship
British manufacturer of decorating tools
a 220000 sq ft works at Stoke Prior in the heart of Worcestershire and own over 2000 acres of woodland within a 20-mile radius —— the source of the hardwood
LG_Harris_&_Co
Physical quantity
pressure becomes a function of body forces only. The Navier-Stokes momentum equations are: Navier–Stokes momentum equation (convective form) ρ D u D t = − ∇ [
Hydrostatic_pressure
Large Australian venomous spider
spider native to eastern Australia, usually found within a 100 km (62 mi) radius of Sydney. It is a member of a group of spiders known as Australian funnel-web
Sydney_funnel-web_spider
Astrophysical model
these distant worlds. The theoretical framework first considers the Navier–Stokes equations, the governing equations of fluid motion, then applies simplifying
Atmospheric circulation of exoplanets
Atmospheric_circulation_of_exoplanets
theorem Einstein pseudotensor Stark–Einstein law Stokes–Einstein equation (translational diffusion) Stokes–Einstein–Debye equation (rotational diffusion)
List of things named after Albert Einstein
List_of_things_named_after_Albert_Einstein
Most populous city in the United States
Metro Area, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 30, 2024. "Big Radius Tool: StatsAmerica". Indiana Business Research Center. Retrieved October
New_York_City
{\displaystyle (v_{r},v_{\theta },0)} . The velocity components are identified from Stokes stream function ψ ( r , θ ) {\displaystyle \psi (r,\theta )} as follows
Hill's_spherical_vortex
Study of the physical properties of the Earth's gravity field
are called free-air anomalies, and are the ones to be used in the above Stokes equation. In geophysics, these anomalies are often further reduced by removing
Physical_geodesy
Theorem in fluid mechanics
Pressure head Relativistic Euler equations Reynolds decomposition Stokes flow Stokes stream function Stream function Streamlines, streaklines and pathlines
Torricelli's_law
Mathematical approximation of a function
{c_{n}}{n+1}}(x-a)^{n+1}.} The differentiated and integrated series have the same radius of convergence as the original power series, although the convergence behavior
Taylor_series
Aberration of vision due to asymmetry in the eye's lens or cornea
mathematician George Stokes invented Stokes lens to detect astigmatism. In 1887, American ophthalmologist Edward Jackson revised the Stokes lens concept and
Astigmatism
Dimensionless number; ratio of a fluid's flow inertia to the external field
theory. Incompressible Navier–Stokes momentum equation is a Cauchy momentum equation with the Pascal law and Stokes's law being the stress constitutive
Froude_number
Australian and American mathematician (born 1975)
between Tao's system and the Navier–Stokes equations themselves, it follows that any positive resolution of the Navier–Stokes existence and smoothness problem
Terence_Tao
Method for visualizing and analyzing particles in liquids
movement is related to a sphere equivalent hydrodynamic radius as calculated through the Stokes–Einstein equation. The technique calculates particle size
Nanoparticle tracking analysis
Nanoparticle_tracking_analysis
Failure Theory in continuum mechanics
yield curve, or intersection with the deviatoric plane, is a circle with radius 2 k {\displaystyle {\sqrt {2}}k} , or 2 3 σ y {\textstyle {\sqrt {\frac
Von_Mises_yield_criterion
Town in Staffordshire, England
drama. Stoke Studio College, a studio school for 13- to 19-year-olds opened at the college campus in September 2013. Within a six-mile radius from Burslem
Burslem
Number, approximately 3.14
fluid dynamics contains π in Stokes' law, which approximates the frictional force F exerted on small, spherical objects of radius R, moving with velocity v
Pi
Tendency of a particle to settle out of suspension during centrifugation
distance of a particle to the rotor axis (radius). The viscous resistance for a spherical particle is given by Stokes' law: F d = 6 π η r 0 v {\displaystyle
Sedimentation_coefficient
Concept of complex analysis
residue theorem should not be confused with special cases of the generalized Stokes' theorem; however, the latter can be used as a component of its proof. The
Residue_theorem
Formulae for viscous and incompressible fluid flow at small Reynolds numbers
compared to Stokes flow, with the (partial) inclusion of convective acceleration. Oseen's work is based on the experiments of G.G. Stokes, who had studied
Oseen_equations
American multinational corporation
KSFY-TV. Retrieved March 30, 2020. Schwan, Jodi (October 2, 2014). "3M stokes boom in Brookings with $70M deal". Argus Leader. Retrieved March 30, 2020
3M
Ocean shape without winds and tides
and normal reference gravity, as per Stokes formula (or Stokes' integral), published in 1849 by George Gabriel Stokes: N = R 4 π γ 0 ∬ σ Δ g S ( ψ ) d σ
Geoid
Suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas
for most aerosol motion, Stokes' law describes the force of resistance on a solid spherical particle in a fluid. However, Stokes' law is only valid when
Aerosol
Property of electrical conductors
\mu _{d}} , and let the outer conductor have inner radius r o 1 {\displaystyle r_{o1}} , outer radius r o 2 {\displaystyle r_{o2}} , and permeability μ
Inductance
Geologic formation in the United States
named for Cedar Mountain in northern Emery County, Utah, where William Lee Stokes first studied the exposures in 1944. The formation occurs between the underlying
Cedar_Mountain_Formation
\cdot \mathbf {dr} } For a simply-connected surface S {\displaystyle S} , Stokes theorem holds, and the circulation vanishes, as the velocity can be expressed
Quantum_turbulence
Provides integral formulas for all derivatives of a holomorphic function
{\displaystyle 0\leq t\leq 2\pi } and ε {\displaystyle \varepsilon } is the radius of the circle. Letting ε → 0 {\displaystyle \varepsilon \to 0} gives the
Cauchy's_integral_formula
Random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
particle's mobility in the fluid. George Stokes had shown that the mobility for a spherical particle with radius r is μ = 1 6 π η r {\displaystyle \mu ={\tfrac
Brownian_motion
Deflection of a spinning object moving through a fluid
Streamlines immediately above the cylinder are curved with radius little more than the radius of the cylinder. This means there is low pressure close to
Magnus_effect
1963 assassination in Dallas, Texas
p. 859. Stokes (1979), pp. 9–16. Stokes (1979), p. 2. Bugliosi (1998), p. xxii. Stokes (1979), pp. 483–511. Stokes (1979), pp. 2–3. Stokes (1979), pp
Assassination of John F. Kennedy
Assassination_of_John_F._Kennedy
Dimensionless expression of the pulsatile flow frequency in relation to viscous effects
the Stokes number, Stk = Wo 2 {\displaystyle {\text{Stk}}={\text{Wo}}^{2}} , due to the pioneering work done by Sir George Stokes on the Stokes second
Womersley_number
works for Cornell "Cottonmouth" Stokes. After internal affairs begin investigating him, Scarfe attempts to blackmail Stokes, who fatally shoots him. Scaleface
List of Marvel Comics characters: S
List_of_Marvel_Comics_characters:_S
Ideal molecular motion where no average acceleration takes place
{\text{time}}^{-1}} . For spherical particles of radius r in the limit of low Reynolds number, Stokes' law gives ζ = 6 π η r {\displaystyle \zeta =6\pi
Brownian_dynamics
Device using centrifugal force to separate fluids
converting RCF to rpm for a rotor of a given radius. A ruler or other straight edge lined up with the radius on one scale, and the desired RCF on another
Centrifuge
Granular material interaction simulation technique
individual particle scale and the remaining phases are treated by the Navier-Stokes equations. Thus, the method is recognized as an effective tool to investigate
Extended discrete element method
Extended_discrete_element_method
Motion of charged particles in electric field
Smoluchowski theory is valid only for sufficiently thin DL, when particle radius a is much greater than the Debye length: a κ ≫ 1. {\displaystyle a\kappa
Electrophoresis
Operation in calculus
and Stokes' theorem simultaneously generalizes the three theorems of vector calculus: the divergence theorem, Green's theorem, and the Kelvin-Stokes theorem
Integral
Low-Density Gases
hence can be described by the Euler or Navier-Stokes equations. In the slip flow regime, the Navier-Stokes equations are applied too, but the velocity no-slip
Rarefied_gas_dynamics
Dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics
regime around flight (free stream) M = 1 where approximations of the Navier-Stokes equations used for subsonic design no longer apply; the simplest explanation
Mach_number
Laws in physics about force and motion
Incorporating the effect of viscosity turns the Euler equation into a Navier–Stokes equation: ∂ v ∂ t + ( ∇ ⋅ v ) v = − 1 ρ ∇ P + ν ∇ 2 v + f , {\displaystyle
Newton's_laws_of_motion
Volume of fluid which passes per unit time
Flow measurement Flowmeter Mass flow rate Orifice plate Poiseuille's law Stokes flow "Glossary". Ocean Surface Currents. University of Miami Rosenstiel
Volumetric_flow_rate
Method for calculating the volume of a solid of revolution
Directional derivative Identities Theorems Gradient Green's Stokes' Divergence Generalized Stokes Helmholtz decomposition Multivariable Formalisms Matrix
Shell_integration
Spherical lens
bi-convex spherical lens with the same radius of curvature on both sides, and diameter equal to twice the radius of curvature. The same optical laws may
Ball_lens
Phenomenon wherein objects appear to move about their true positions in the sky
motivation for the aether drag theories of Augustin Fresnel (in 1818) and G. G. Stokes (in 1845), and for Hendrik Lorentz's aether theory of electromagnetism in
Aberration_(astronomy)
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
pressure. V is the molar volume. R is the gas constant rk is the Kelvin radius, the radius of the droplets. The effect explains supersaturation of vapors. In
Surface_tension
Derivative of a function with multiple variables
conservative. The volume V of a cone depends on the cone's height h and its radius r according to the formula V ( r , h ) = π r 2 h 3 . {\displaystyle V(r
Partial_derivative
Relationship between derivatives and integrals
the most powerful generalizations in this direction is the generalized Stokes theorem (sometimes known as the fundamental theorem of multivariable calculus):
Fundamental theorem of calculus
Fundamental_theorem_of_calculus
Irish cyclist
Zwift rise in world of e-cycling". Irish Times. Retrieved 3 August 2025. Stokes, Shane (3 November 2023). "Imogen Cotter happy to give pro cycling 'one
Imogen_Cotter
Series of vampire romance novels by Stephenie Meyer
2009. Retrieved April 14, 2009. Bosman, Julie (August 2, 2008). "Book Stokes Vampire Feverat Stores' Parties". The New York Times. Retrieved August 16
Twilight_(novel_series)
Torus-shaped vortex in a fluid
can be approximated by a disk of radius a {\displaystyle a} which is assumed to be infinitesimal compared to the radius of the ring R {\displaystyle R}
Vortex_ring
British bolt-action rifle
longer MLE barrels, that the recoil would be much greater and the sighting radius would be too short. The best-known Lee–Enfield rifle, the SMLE Mk III, was
Lee–Enfield
Bolt-action rifle
and detachable magazine. Early models were fitted with barrels using the radiused rifling designed by William Ellis Metford. while later models used the
Lee–Speed
Motion of launched objects due to gravity
the case for projectiles. Stokes drag: F a i r = − k S t o k e s ⋅ v {\displaystyle \mathbf {F_{air}} =-k_{\mathrm {Stokes} }\cdot \mathbf {v} \qquad
Projectile_motion
Mathematical model of lipid membranes
well-known Stokes–Einstein relation. By contrast, the diffusion coefficient of a circular object embedded in a two-dimensional fluid diverges; this is Stokes' paradox
Saffman–Delbrück_model
Technique in mathematics for representing solenoidal vector fields
the boussinesq-equations, Schmitt, B. J. and von Wahl, W; in The Navier–Stokes Equations II — Theory and Numerical Methods, pp. 291–305; Lecture Notes
Poloidal–toroidal decomposition
Poloidal–toroidal_decomposition
In 1979, at Sender Zehlendorf, East Germany, an area of 300 metres in radius around a radio tower construction site was made an exclave of the Soviet
List_of_enclaves_and_exclaves
Marvel comics character
though she is unaware that he is secretly working for Cornell "Cottonmouth" Stokes. As the season progresses, she attempts to expose Cottonmouth's crimes,
Misty_Knight
Paramilitary force active from 1969 to 2005
civilians, were killed when twenty-two bombs were planted in a one-mile radius of Belfast city centre. Premature explosions were another cause of civilian
Provisional Irish Republican Army
Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army
Country in Southeastern Europe
Svoboda (October 2017). "Evidence of Neanderthals in the Balkans: The infant radius from Kozarnika Cave (Bulgaria)". Journal of Human Evolution. 111 (111):
Bulgaria
Rotor blade design
blade is 30 degrees and the tip starts at a non-dimensional radius r/R=cos 30 = 86% radius. The area distribution of this tip region is configured to ensure
BERP_rotor
Method of removing particulates from a fluid stream through vortex separation
rotating flow moves towards the narrow end of the cyclone, the rotational radius of the stream is reduced, thus separating smaller and smaller particles
Cyclonic_separation
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