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STAURAKIOS EUNUCH

  • Staurakios (eunuch)
  • Byzantine court official (died 800)

    Staurakios (Greek: Σταυράκιος, sometimes Latinized Stauracius; died 3 June 800) was a Byzantine Greek official and court eunuch. He rose to be one of

    Staurakios (eunuch)

    Staurakios_(eunuch)

  • Aetios (eunuch)
  • Byzantine court official

    rule, Aetios developed an intense rivalry with her eunuch chief minister Staurakios. After Staurakios's death, Aetios became the leading man in the state

    Aetios (eunuch)

    Aetios_(eunuch)

  • Eunuch
  • Castrated male human

    (704–762): Tang eunuch who began another era of eunuch rule. Yu Chao'en (722–770): Tang eunuch who began his career as army supervisor. Staurakios (died 800):

    Eunuch

    Eunuch

    Eunuch

  • Irene of Athens
  • Byzantine empress regnant from 797 to 802

    factionalism, notably between two of her eunuch advisers, Staurakios and Aetios. In 800, Aetios accused Staurakios of plotting against Irene, but he died

    Irene of Athens

    Irene of Athens

    Irene_of_Athens

  • Eunuchs in the Byzantine Empire
  • reign was marked by a struggle for influence between two powerful eunuchs, Staurakios, patrician and logothetes tou dromou who was honored with a triumph

    Eunuchs in the Byzantine Empire

    Eunuchs_in_the_Byzantine_Empire

  • Niketas Triphyllios
  • Byzantine official (died 803)

    too) allied himself with the eunuch Aetios to curb the influence of Irene's powerful eunuch chief minister, Staurakios. The two went before the empress

    Niketas Triphyllios

    Niketas_Triphyllios

  • Alexios Mosele (general)
  • Byzantine general

    replace him, Constantine, on the advice of his mother and her eunuch adviser Staurakios, had Mosele blinded. Constantine's uncle, Nikephoros, whom the

    Alexios Mosele (general)

    Alexios_Mosele_(general)

  • Maria of Amnia
  • Empress of the Byzantine Empire

    engagement. Maria was chosen primarily by Irene. Constantine and Staurakios, a eunuch who served as the logothetes tou dromou, were also reportedly involved

    Maria of Amnia

    Maria_of_Amnia

  • Prokopia
  • Byzantine empress from 811 to 813

    defeats in Roman history. Among the few survivors was Staurakios, who succeeded him as emperor. Staurakios had not escaped the battlefield unharmed. A sword

    Prokopia

    Prokopia

  • Theophylact (son of Michael I)
  • Byzantine co-emperor from 811 to 813

    The same source also states that he was crowned alongside his brother Staurakios. He was named after his paternal grandfather, the droungarios of the Dodekanesos

    Theophylact (son of Michael I)

    Theophylact (son of Michael I)

    Theophylact_(son_of_Michael_I)

  • Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (782)
  • 782 Abbasid invasion of the Byzantine Empire

    Byzantine effort seems to have been led by Irene's chief minister, the eunuch Staurakios, whose strategy was to avoid an immediate confrontation with Harun's

    Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (782)

    Abbasid invasion of Asia Minor (782)

    Abbasid_invasion_of_Asia_Minor_(782)

  • Sclaveni
  • Early Slavic tribes

    later that a third theme would be established. In 782–784, the eunuch general Staurakios campaigned from Thessaloniki, south to Thessaly and into the Peloponnese

    Sclaveni

    Sclaveni

    Sclaveni

  • List of Byzantine emperors
  • 9 days) with Theophylact and Staurakios, sons of Michael I (811–813) Son-in-law of Nikephoros I, he succeeded Staurakios on his abdication. Resigned after

    List of Byzantine emperors

    List of Byzantine emperors

    List_of_Byzantine_emperors

  • Tatzates
  • Byzantine Empire and invaded Asia Minor. The Byzantines, under the eunuch logothete Staurakios, managed to cut off Harun's return and encircle his army. Tatzates

    Tatzates

    Tatzates

  • Zoe Porphyrogenita
  • Byzantine empress regnant in 1042

    and he delegated much of the business of governing to his brother, the eunuch John the Orphanotrophos. Although Zoe believed Michael would prove to be

    Zoe Porphyrogenita

    Zoe Porphyrogenita

    Zoe_Porphyrogenita

  • Valentinian III
  • Western Roman emperor from 425 to 455

    ranking senator who bore Aetius a personal grudge, and his chamberlain, the eunuch Heraclius. Aetius, whose son had married Valentinian's youngest daughter

    Valentinian III

    Valentinian III

    Valentinian_III

  • Al-Mahdi
  • 3rd Abbasid caliph (r. 775–785)

    Byzantine effort seems to have been led by Irene's chief minister, the eunuch Staurakios, whose strategy was to avoid an immediate confrontation with Harun's

    Al-Mahdi

    Al-Mahdi

    Al-Mahdi

  • Phocas
  • Roman emperor from 602 to 610

    send troops from the Balkans to the east under the command of the palace eunuch Leontius. However, Khosrow II was able to defeat Leontius and his forces

    Phocas

    Phocas

    Phocas

  • Nicetas the Patrician
  • Byzantine official and saint (761/62–836)

    He is usually identified with Nicetas Monomachos (Νικήτας Μονομάχος), a eunuch official and general from Paphlagonia active at the turn of the 9th century

    Nicetas the Patrician

    Nicetas the Patrician

    Nicetas_the_Patrician

  • Michael III
  • Byzantine emperor from 842 to 867

    birth, historians often place the coronation on 16 May. For comparison, Staurakios and Michael I's children were crowned on Christmas (25 December); Constantine

    Michael III

    Michael III

    Michael_III

  • Nikephoros II Phokas
  • Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969

    of his death. Theophano's authority was challenged by Joseph Bringas, a eunuch palace official seeking to keep the primacy he had attained in the reign

    Nikephoros II Phokas

    Nikephoros II Phokas

    Nikephoros_II_Phokas

  • Arcadius
  • Roman emperor from 383 to 408

    Bauto. Seeing the young emperor's interest in Eudoxia, Eutropius, the eunuch praepositus sacri cubiculi, arranged for the two to meet. Arcadius fell

    Arcadius

    Arcadius

    Arcadius

  • Augustus
  • Roman emperor from 27 BC to AD 14

    Nikephoros) Leo IV Constantine VI Irene Nikephoros I Staurakios Michael I Rangabe (w. Theophylact & Staurakios) Leo V (w. Constantine) Michael II Theophilos

    Augustus

    Augustus

    Augustus

  • Romanos II
  • Byzantine emperor from 959 to 963

    of Romanos's appointees were able men, including his chief adviser, the eunuch Joseph Bringas. The pleasure-loving sovereign could also leave military

    Romanos II

    Romanos II

    Romanos_II

  • Honorius
  • Western Roman emperor from 393 to 423

    eaten from my hands!' For he had a very large cock, Rome by name; and the eunuch comprehending his words said that it was the city of Rome which had perished

    Honorius

    Honorius

    Honorius

  • Michael IV the Paphlagonian
  • Byzantine emperor from 1034 to 1041

    of Michael's brothers, John the Orphanotrophos, also known as John the Eunuch, was the parakoimomenos, a senior courtier who presided over the women's

    Michael IV the Paphlagonian

    Michael IV the Paphlagonian

    Michael_IV_the_Paphlagonian

  • Theodosius II
  • Eastern Roman emperor from 402 to 450

    toward Persia. Though this story is assumed to be inconclusive, Antiochus, a eunuch of Persian origin, became a tutor and an influence on Theodosius. He also

    Theodosius II

    Theodosius II

    Theodosius_II

  • Michael V Kalaphates
  • Byzantine emperor from 1041 to 1042

    Part 1. Vol. IV. Cambridge University Press. Tougher, Shaun (2008). The Eunuch in Byzantine History and Society. Routledge. Treadgold, Warren (1997). A

    Michael V Kalaphates

    Michael V Kalaphates

    Michael_V_Kalaphates

  • Theodora Porphyrogenita
  • Byzantine empress from 1042 to 1056

    court, as demonstrated by her ordering the arrest and blinding of John the Eunuch, the powerful administrator who had been the chief minister of Romanos III

    Theodora Porphyrogenita

    Theodora Porphyrogenita

    Theodora_Porphyrogenita

  • Maximian
  • Roman emperor from 286 to 305

    and warned Constantine, who put a eunuch in his own place in bed. Maximian was apprehended when he killed the eunuch and was offered suicide, which he

    Maximian

    Maximian

    Maximian

  • Leo VI the Wise
  • Byzantine emperor from 886 to 912

    Stylianos Zaoutzes (the father of his mistress, Zoe Zaoutzaina) and the eunuch Samonas, an Arab defector whom Leo raised to the rank of patrikios and who

    Leo VI the Wise

    Leo VI the Wise

    Leo_VI_the_Wise

  • Decentius
  • Roman emperor from 350 to 353

    chap. XVIII., p. 597. Crawford, Peter (2016). Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist. Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-78340-055-3. Jones, A.H.M

    Decentius

    Decentius

    Decentius

  • Isaac I Komnenos
  • Byzantine emperor from 1057 to 1059

    vestes. He was dismissed by Empress Theodora in 1054, and replaced by her eunuch confidant, the proedros Theodore. When Michael VI Bringas came to the throne

    Isaac I Komnenos

    Isaac I Komnenos

    Isaac_I_Komnenos

  • Elagabalus
  • Roman emperor from 218 to 222

    for example, he is the first historian known to claim that Gannys was a eunuch. Gibbon wrote: To confound the order of the season and climate, to sport

    Elagabalus

    Elagabalus

    Elagabalus

  • Constantine II (emperor)
  • Roman emperor from 337 to 340

    5–51. JSTOR 20788042. Crawford, Peter (2016). Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist. Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-78340-055-3. DiMaio, Michael

    Constantine II (emperor)

    Constantine II (emperor)

    Constantine_II_(emperor)

  • Byzantine–Bulgarian wars
  • Conflicts in the Balkans (680–1355)

    killed in the ensuing battle along with many of his troops, while his son Staurakios was carried to safety by the imperial bodyguard after receiving a paralyzing

    Byzantine–Bulgarian wars

    Byzantine–Bulgarian wars

    Byzantine–Bulgarian_wars

  • Constantine the Great
  • Roman emperor from 306 to 337

    and warned Constantine, who put a eunuch in his own place in bed. Maximian was apprehended when he killed the eunuch and was offered suicide, which he

    Constantine the Great

    Constantine the Great

    Constantine_the_Great

  • Eudokia Makrembolitissa
  • Byzantine Empress from 1059 to 1071

    Doukas. However, Doukas soon fell from grace as a result of the schemes of eunuch Nikephoritzes, who was close to the Komnenos family. Eudokia later performed

    Eudokia Makrembolitissa

    Eudokia Makrembolitissa

    Eudokia_Makrembolitissa

  • Nikephoros Melissenos
  • Usurper of the Byzantine Empire

    took Nicaea, where he was acclaimed as emperor. A loyalist army under the eunuch protovestiarios John, George Palaiologos and Kourtikes was sent against

    Nikephoros Melissenos

    Nikephoros Melissenos

    Nikephoros_Melissenos

  • Magnentius
  • Roman usurper

    Reu de Louvois, 4. Crawford, Peter (2016). Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist. Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-78340-055-3. DiMaio, Michael

    Magnentius

    Magnentius

    Magnentius

  • Alexios V Doukas
  • Byzantine emperor in 1204

    Choniates states that Mourtzouphlos, when bribing the guards, had the help of a eunuch with access to the imperial treasury. The support of the Varangians seems

    Alexios V Doukas

    Alexios V Doukas

    Alexios_V_Doukas

  • History of Athens
  • Historical summary of Athens

    years later, another Athenian, Theophano, became empress as the wife of Staurakios (r. 811–812). Invasion of the empire by the Turks after the Battle of

    History of Athens

    History of Athens

    History_of_Athens

  • Romanos III Argyros
  • Byzantine emperor from 1028 to 1034

    Zoë in turn fell in love with Michael, the brother of high-ranking court eunuch John the Orphanotrophos. Romanos, unaware, allowed Michael to become one

    Romanos III Argyros

    Romanos III Argyros

    Romanos_III_Argyros

  • Athens
  • Capital and largest city of Greece

    years later, another Athenian, Theophano, became empress as the wife of Staurakios (r. 811–812). Invasion of the empire by the Turks after the Battle of

    Athens

    Athens

    Athens

  • Gratian
  • Roman emperor from 367 to 383

    Sebastianus went to Constantinople of his own accord as a result of intrigues by eunuchs at the western court. Once Gratian had put down the invasions in the west

    Gratian

    Gratian

    Gratian

  • Leo I (emperor)
  • Eastern Roman emperor from 457 to 474

    Ardabur was implicated in a plot against Leo but was killed by palace eunuchs acting on Leo's orders. Leo sometimes overestimated his abilities and made

    Leo I (emperor)

    Leo I (emperor)

    Leo_I_(emperor)

  • Constans
  • Roman emperor from 337 to 350

    ISBN 978-0-1992-5237-4. Crawford, Peter (2016). Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist. Pen and Sword. ISBN 978-1-78340-055-3. DiMaio, Michael;

    Constans

    Constans

    Constans

  • Julian (emperor)
  • Roman emperor from 361 to 363, Neoplatonic philosopher

    semi-Arian Christian Bishop of Nicomedia, and taught by Mardonius, a Gothic eunuch, about whom he later wrote warmly. After Eusebius died in 342, both Julian

    Julian (emperor)

    Julian (emperor)

    Julian_(emperor)

  • Basil II
  • Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025

    enemy of the powerful parakoimomenos was Basil Lekapenos, an illegitimate, eunuch son of Emperor Romanos I – Basil's great-grandfather. Lekapenos himself

    Basil II

    Basil II

    Basil_II

  • Petronius Maximus
  • Western Roman emperor in 455

    Valentinian, so Aëtius had to be removed. He therefore allied himself with a eunuch of Valentinian's, the primicerius sacri cubiculi Heraclius, who had long

    Petronius Maximus

    Petronius Maximus

    Petronius_Maximus

  • Tiberius
  • Roman emperor from AD 14 to 37

    Nikephoros) Leo IV Constantine VI Irene Nikephoros I Staurakios Michael I Rangabe (w. Theophylact & Staurakios) Leo V (w. Constantine) Michael II Theophilos

    Tiberius

    Tiberius

    Tiberius

  • Nero
  • Roman emperor from AD 54 to 68

    was done and by whom is disputed. Some say that it was his taster, the eunuch Halotus, as he was banqueting on the Citadel with the priests; others that

    Nero

    Nero

    Nero

  • Diocletian
  • Roman emperor from 284 to 305

    power twice. Three more emperors abdicated in the later Eastern Empire: Staurakios (r. 811), Michael I (r. 811–813) and Isaac I (r. 1057–59), but all of

    Diocletian

    Diocletian

    Diocletian

  • Vetranio
  • Roman emperor and usurper in 350

    ISBN 978-3-515-13614-3 Crawford, Peter (2016). Constantius II: Usurpers, Eunuchs, and the Antichrist. Pen & Sword. ISBN 978-1-78340-055-3. Dearn, Alan (2003)

    Vetranio

    Vetranio

    Vetranio

  • Romanos I Lekapenos
  • Byzantine emperor from 920 to 944

    Monomachos, who died 1055 Basil, illegitimate son by a "Scythian" mistress, eunuch, protobestiarios, parakoimomenos, paradynasteuon, proedros, who remained

    Romanos I Lekapenos

    Romanos I Lekapenos

    Romanos_I_Lekapenos

  • Domitian
  • Roman emperor from AD 81 to 96

    and dancing. As eunuchs were popularly used as servants, Domitian punished people who castrated others and wanted to ban the eunuchs themselves. Subsequent

    Domitian

    Domitian

    Domitian

  • Theodosius (son of Maurice)
  • Byzantine co-emperor from 590 to 602

    attempt to guide Germanus away from the precinct via Stephen, Theodosius' eunuch tutor, failed, Maurice beat Theodosius with a staff, blaming him for communicating

    Theodosius (son of Maurice)

    Theodosius (son of Maurice)

    Theodosius_(son_of_Maurice)

  • Marcian
  • Eastern Roman emperor from 450 to 457

    resulted in large changes to eastern imperial policy. Chrysaphius, the eunuch and spatharios (guard of the imperial chambers), who had exercised much

    Marcian

    Marcian

    Marcian

  • Claudius
  • Roman emperor from AD 41 to 54

    aghast at their being placed in the hands of former slaves and "well-known eunuchs". If freedmen had total control of money, letters and law, it seemed it

    Claudius

    Claudius

    Claudius

  • History of Thessaly
  • areas where it had been (re-)established. In 783, however, the eunuch minister Staurakios led a large-scale campaign across Greece from Thessalonica to

    History of Thessaly

    History_of_Thessaly

  • History of the Byzantine Empire
  • through the reigns of Irene and her successors, Nikephoros I (802–811 AD); Staurakios (811 AD) and Michael I Rhangabe (811–813 AD). In the beginning of the

    History of the Byzantine Empire

    History of the Byzantine Empire

    History_of_the_Byzantine_Empire

  • List of Byzantine usurpers
  • troops planned to proclaim him emperor, but again it failed. Staurakios (799–800) – a eunuch who served Irene, he planned to usurp the throne after falling

    List of Byzantine usurpers

    List_of_Byzantine_usurpers

  • Constantine (son of Leo V)
  • Byzantine emperor from 813 to 820

    Nikephoros) Leo IV Constantine VI Irene Nikephoros I Staurakios Michael I Rangabe (w. Theophylact & Staurakios) Leo V (w. Constantine) Michael II Theophilos

    Constantine (son of Leo V)

    Constantine (son of Leo V)

    Constantine_(son_of_Leo_V)

  • Basiliscus
  • Eastern Roman emperor from 475 to 476

    was the cause of dule and teen. They confided their trouble to Daniel, an eunuch, and to Maria, a midwife, who hardly healed their malady by the remedy of

    Basiliscus

    Basiliscus

    Basiliscus

  • Constantius II
  • Roman emperor from 337 to 361

    Gallus, this second order was delayed by Eusebius, one of Constantius's eunuchs, and Gallus was executed. Laws dating from the 350s prescribed the death

    Constantius II

    Constantius II

    Constantius_II

  • Alexios I Komnenos
  • Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118

    on advice of her own "Alans", that is her Georgian entourage, and her eunuchs, the latter being instructed by Isaac Komnenos to talk the empress into

    Alexios I Komnenos

    Alexios I Komnenos

    Alexios_I_Komnenos

  • Constantine (son of Basil I)
  • Byzantine emperor from 868 to 879

    from Basil, whereas his other brothers may have been accompanied by court eunuchs. Constantine was made co-emperor by Basil in c. January 868, and was his

    Constantine (son of Basil I)

    Constantine (son of Basil I)

    Constantine_(son_of_Basil_I)

  • Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896
  • War fought between the Bulgarian Empire and the Byzantine Empire

    following — the basileopator Stylianos Zaoutzes had a eunuch slave named Mousikos. He befriended Staurakios and Cosmas, who originated from Hellas, merchants

    Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896

    Byzantine–Bulgarian war of 894–896

    Byzantine–Bulgarian_war_of_894–896

  • Domestic of the Schools
  • Military post of the Byzantine Empire, extant from the 8c

    11th century, before the military aristocracy reasserted its authority—to eunuchs, even though this was in theory forbidden, with the alternate office of

    Domestic of the Schools

    Domestic of the Schools

    Domestic_of_the_Schools

  • Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty
  • Period of Byzantine history from 717 to 802

    edition): Timothy E. Gregory (Blackwell, 2010), p 213. Liz James, "Men, Women, Eunuchs: Gender, Sex, and Power" in "A Social History of Byzantium" (J. Haldon

    Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty

    Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty

    Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty

  • Political mutilation in Byzantine culture
  • Criminal punishment used against rivals

    much power they gained they could never take the throne, and numerous eunuchs were entrusted with high and confidential offices in the Byzantine court

    Political mutilation in Byzantine culture

    Political mutilation in Byzantine culture

    Political_mutilation_in_Byzantine_culture

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STAURAKIOS EUNUCH

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