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Early block substitution cipher
The Playfair cipher or Playfair square or Wheatstone–Playfair cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique and was the first literal digram substitution
Playfair_cipher
Block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
In cryptography, Square (sometimes written SQUARE) is a block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen. The design, published in 1997, is a forerunner
Square_(cipher)
Symmetric encryption cipher
The four-square cipher is a manual symmetric encryption technique. It was invented by the French cryptographer Felix Delastelle. The technique encrypts
Four-square_cipher
Encryption technique
The Two-square cipher, also called double Playfair, is a manual symmetric encryption technique. It was developed to ease the cumbersome nature of the
Two-square_cipher
Type of code
key phrase "polybius cipher" would lead to the reordered square below. There are several encryption methods using the Polybius square. Three of them are
Polybius_square
Encryption system
In classical cryptography, the bifid cipher is a cipher which combines the Polybius square with transposition, and uses fractionation to achieve diffusion
Bifid_cipher
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
The Vigenère cipher (French pronunciation: [viʒnɛːʁ]) is a method of encrypting alphabetic text where each letter of the plaintext is encoded with a different
Vigenère_cipher
Polyalphabetic encryption system
rotor-based cipher machine, the Hagelin M-209. The Beaufort cipher is based on the Beaufort square which is essentially the same as a Vigenère square but in
Beaufort_cipher
Type of cipher used in World War I
transposition cipher which combined a modified Polybius square with a single columnar transposition. The cipher is named after the six possible letters used in
ADFGVX_cipher
Multiple-substitution writing system cipher
polyalphabetic cipher is a substitution, using multiple substitution alphabets. The Vigenère cipher is probably the best-known example of a polyalphabetic cipher, though
Polyalphabetic_cipher
System to replace plaintext with ciphertext
In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting that creates the ciphertext (its output) by replacing units of the plaintext (its input)
Substitution_cipher
Disused cipher that was used historically
In cryptography, a classical cipher is a type of cipher that was used historically but, for the most part, has fallen into disuse. In contrast to modern
Classical_cipher
Manually operated symmetric encryption cipher
In the history of cryptography, the Nihilist cipher is a manually operated symmetric encryption cipher, originally used by Russian Nihilists in the 1880s
Nihilist_cipher
Topics referred to by the same term
also refer to: Square (algebra), multiplying a number or expression by itself Square (cipher), a cryptographic block cipher Global square, a principle in
Square_(disambiguation)
Simple and widely known encryption technique
A Caesar cipher is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques used in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher in which
Caesar_cipher
Musical algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
cryptography, a music cipher is an algorithm for the encryption of a plaintext into musical symbols or sounds. Music-based ciphers are related to, but not
Music_cipher
Type of substitution cipher
pigpen cipher (alternatively referred to as the masonic cipher, Freemason's cipher, Rosicrucian cipher, Napoleon cipher, and tic-tac-toe cipher) is a geometric
Pigpen_cipher
Fundamental tool in cryptography
ciphers, including the Vigenère cipher and Blaise de Vigenère's less well-known autokey cipher. All polyalphabetic ciphers based on the Caesar cipher
Tabula_recta
Topics referred to by the same term
Russian four square Four-square cipher Lagrange's four-square theorem, stating that any natural number equals the sum of four integers squared Jacobi's four-square
Four_square_(disambiguation)
Cryptography algorithm
In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Substitution cipher based on linear algebra
Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. Invented by Lester S. Hill in 1929, it was the first polygraphic cipher in which
Hill_cipher
Classic polyalphabet encryption system
An autokey cipher (also known as the autoclave cipher) is a cipher that incorporates the message (the plaintext) into the key. The key is generated from
Autokey_cipher
Unbroken cipher
The D'Agapeyeff cipher is an unsolved cipher that appears in the first edition of Codes and Ciphers, an elementary book on cryptography published by the
D'Agapeyeff_cipher
Scavenger hunt based on Gravity Falls
The Cipher Hunt was an alternate reality game and international scavenger hunt created by storyboard artist and voice actor Alex Hirsch based on his animated
Cipher_Hunt
Method of encryption
In cryptography, a transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition)
Transposition_cipher
Stream cipher
(also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR, meaning Alleged RC4, see below) is a stream cipher. While it is remarkable for its simplicity and speed in software, multiple
RC4
2009 studio album by Absu
Our Earth of Black C. Voor" Proscriptor, Zawicizuz 7:03 7. "Magic(k) Square Cipher" Aethyris, Proscriptor 4:48 8. "In the Name of Auebothiabathabaithobeuee"
Absu_(album)
Stream cipher
Rabbit is a high-speed stream cipher from 2003. The algorithm and source code was released in 2008 as public domain software. Rabbit was first presented
Rabbit_(cipher)
German cipher machine during World War II
The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication
Enigma_machine
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. AES is a variant of the Rijndael block cipher developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Type of transposition cipher
The rail fence cipher (also called a zigzag cipher) is a classical type of transposition cipher. It derives its name from the manner in which encryption
Rail_fence_cipher
Steganography method
Bacon's cipher or the Baconian cipher is a method of steganographic message encoding devised by Francis Bacon in 1605. In steganography, a message is
Bacon's_cipher
Class of cipher
In the history of cryptography, a grille cipher was a technique for encrypting a plaintext by writing it onto a sheet of paper through a pierced sheet
Grille_(cryptography)
Encryption and decryption method
A book cipher is a cipher in which each word or letter in the plaintext of a message is replaced by some code that locates it in another text, the key
Book_cipher
Block cipher
Blowfish is a symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides
Blowfish_(cipher)
Simple encryption method
substitution cipher that replaces a letter with the 13th letter after it in the Latin alphabet. It is a special case of the Caesar cipher which was developed
ROT13
Encryption technique
the principles of information theory. Digital versions of one-time pad ciphers have been used by nations for critical diplomatic and military communication
One-time_pad
Cryptography construction
cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the
Feistel_cipher
Type of cipher
cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building
Block_cipher
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
(or "E") for the eavesdropping adversary. Since the development of rotor cipher machines in World War I and the advent of computers in World War II, cryptography
Cryptography
polygraphic substitution ciphers included the trifid and four-square ciphers. The last of these is a variant on the earlier Playfair cipher: Delastelle may have
Félix_Delastelle
Soviet/Russian national standard block cipher
GOST block cipher (Magma), defined in the standard GOST 28147-89, is a Soviet and Russian government standard symmetric key block cipher with a block
GOST_(block_cipher)
Set of three ciphertexts
The Beale ciphers are a set of three ciphertexts, one of which allegedly states the location of a buried treasure of gold, silver and jewels estimated
Beale_ciphers
Complex Soviet pencil and paper cipher
The VIC cipher was a pencil and paper cipher used by the Soviet spy Reino Häyhänen, codenamed "VICTOR". If the cipher were to be given a modern technical
VIC_cipher
Algorithm
use either stream ciphers or block ciphers. Stream ciphers encrypt the digits (typically bytes), or letters (in substitution ciphers) of a message one
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Simple form of encryption
null cipher, also known as concealment cipher, is an ancient form of encryption where the plaintext is mixed with a large amount of non-cipher material
Null_cipher
Cipher design construction
operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael), 3-Way, Kalyna, Kuznyechik, PRESENT, SAFER, SHARK, and Square. Such a network takes a
Substitution–permutation network
Substitution–permutation_network
French cypher that remained unbroken for several centuries
The Great Cipher (French: Grand chiffre) was a nomenclator cipher developed by the Rossignols, several generations of whom served the French monarchs
Great_Cipher
Type of cryptanalytic attack
to block ciphers based on substitution–permutation networks. It was originally designed by Lars Knudsen as a dedicated attack against Square, so it is
Integral_cryptanalysis
Feistel network based block cipher
In cryptography, Camellia is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes of 128, 192 and 256 bits. It was jointly developed
Camellia_(cipher)
cryptography include: A5/1 • A5/2 • ABA digital signature guidelines • ABC (stream cipher) • Abraham Sinkov • Acoustic cryptanalysis • Adaptive chosen-ciphertext
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Type of substitution cipher
The affine cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher, where each letter in an alphabet is mapped to its numeric equivalent, encrypted using
Affine_cipher
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
design elements, a relatively short key length of the symmetric-key block cipher design, and the involvement of the NSA, raising suspicions about a backdoor
Data_Encryption_Standard
Earliest civilian block ciphers
Lucifer was the name given to several of the earliest civilian block ciphers, developed by Horst Feistel and his colleagues at IBM. Lucifer was a direct
Lucifer_(cipher)
Cryptographic cipher
The Aristocrat Cipher is a type of monoalphabetic substitution cipher in which plaintext is replaced with ciphertext and encoded into assorted letters
Aristocrat_Cipher
Season of television series
help, attempts to reconcile his parents. When Jerry finds a polybius square cipher on McGarrett's toolbox, he cracks it as coordinates to a location in
Hawaii Five-0 (2010 TV series) season 4
Hawaii_Five-0_(2010_TV_series)_season_4
Block cipher
In cryptography, Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes up to 256 bits. It was one of the five finalists of
Twofish
Puzzle
text. Generally the cipher used to encrypt the text is simple enough that the cryptogram can be solved by hand. Substitution ciphers where each letter is
Cryptogram
Authenticated encryption mode
Mode (GCM) is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptographic block ciphers that provides both encryption and message authentication in a single pass
Galois/Counter_Mode
Study of the frequency of letters or groups of letters in a ciphertext
letters in a ciphertext. The method is used as an aid to breaking classical ciphers. Frequency analysis is based on the fact that, in any given stretch of
Frequency_analysis
Polyalphabetic substitution encryption and decryption system
The Alberti cipher, created in 1467 by Italian architect Leon Battista Alberti, was one of the first polyalphabetic ciphers. In the opening pages of his
Alberti_cipher
Encryption tool used to perform a transposition cipher
cylinder", also σκύταλον skútalon) is a tool used to perform a transposition cipher, consisting of a cylinder with a strip of parchment wound around it on which
Scytale
Block cipher
Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which applies the DES cipher algorithm three times to each data block. The 56-bit key
Triple_DES
Substitution cipher
Polygraphic substitution is a substitution cipher in which a uniform substitution is performed on blocks of letters. When the length of the block is specifically
Polygraphic_substitution
Substitution cipher
(Hebrew: אתבש; also transliterated Atbaš) is a monoalphabetic substitution cipher originally used to encrypt the Hebrew alphabet. It can be modified for use
Atbash
Chinese block cipher
ShāngMì 4 (SM4, 商密4) (formerly SMS4) is a block cipher, standardised for commercial cryptography in China. It is used in the Chinese National Standard
SM4_(cipher)
Cryptographic cipher device
codes, designing the first variable length cipher, although this was still a substitution cipher: With that cipher, La vigilanza di papa Clemente fu grande
Straddling_checkerboard
Fractionated cipher
trifid cipher is a classical cipher invented by Félix Delastelle and described in 1902. Extending the principles of Delastelle's earlier bifid cipher, it
Trifid_cipher
Block cipher
cryptography, XTEA (eXtended TEA) is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in TEA. The cipher's designers were David Wheeler and Roger Needham
XTEA
Block cipher
(Russian for 'Grasshopper'; Cyrillic script: Кузнечик) is a symmetric block cipher. It has a block size of 128 bits and key length of 256 bits. It is defined
Kuznyechik
Block cipher
cryptography, Corrected Block TEA (often referred to as XXTEA) is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in the original Block TEA. XXTEA is vulnerable
XXTEA
Block cipher
In cryptography, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is a block cipher notable for its simplicity of description and implementation, typically a few lines
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Input to a cryptographic primitive
between (potentially similar) segments of the encrypted message. For block ciphers, the use of an IV is described by the modes of operation. Some cryptographic
Initialization_vector
small checks with prayers, and angels. The scrolls also feature magic squares, ciphers, and angelic and divine names.[citation needed] Gazing as a mode of
Ethiopian_talismanic_scrolls
Family of authenticated ciphers
Ascon is a family of lightweight authenticated ciphers and hash functions that have been selected by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
Ascon_(cipher)
Block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee
In cryptography, Zodiac is a block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee for the Korean firm SoftForum. Zodiac uses a 16-round Feistel network structure
Zodiac_(cipher)
Block cipher
KASUMI is a block cipher used in UMTS, GSM, and GPRS mobile communications systems. In UMTS, KASUMI is used in the confidentiality (f8) and integrity algorithms
KASUMI
Adding data to a message prior to encryption to hide its length
removed both padding phrases. Many classical ciphers arrange the plaintext into particular patterns (e.g., squares, rectangles, etc.) and if the plaintext
Padding_(cryptography)
Block cipher
Anubis is a block cipher designed by Vincent Rijmen and Paulo S. L. M. Barreto as an entrant in the NESSIE project, a former research program initiated
Anubis_(cipher)
Wide-block cipher
Adiantum is a cipher composition for disk encryption. It uses a new cipher construction called HBSH (hash, block cipher, stream cipher, hash), specifically
Adiantum_(cipher)
Block cipher
Serpent is a symmetric key block cipher that was a finalist in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) contest, in which it ranked second to Rijndael. Serpent
Serpent_(cipher)
Length of bit string processed by a cipher
modern cryptography, symmetric key ciphers are generally divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers. Block ciphers operate on a fixed length string of
Block_size_(cryptography)
Type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher
In classical cryptography, the running key cipher is a type of polyalphabetic substitution cipher in which a text, typically from a book, is used to provide
Running_key_cipher
Family of block ciphers
Speck is part of a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Speck has been optimized
Speck_(cipher)
Cryptographic algorithm
considered incriminating. Furthermore, analysis has revealed flaws in the cipher such that it is now considered insecure. This algorithm uses a standard
Solitaire_(cipher)
General form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers
general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense,
Differential_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
(alternatively CAST5) is a symmetric-key block cipher used in a number of products, notably as the default cipher in some versions of GPG and PGP. It has also
CAST-128
Block cypher operating mode
The xor–encrypt–xor (XEX) is a (tweakable) mode of operation of a block cipher. In tweaked-codebook mode with ciphertext stealing (XTS mode), it is one
Xor–encrypt–xor
Block cipher
In cryptography, Skipjack is a block cipher — an algorithm for encryption — developed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Initially a
Skipjack_(cipher)
Block cipher
In cryptography, CRYPTON is a symmetric block cipher submitted as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). It is very efficient in hardware
CRYPTON
Symmetric-key block cipher
Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES), is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described
International Data Encryption Algorithm
International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
Cryptography, the use of codes and ciphers, began thousands of years ago. Until recent decades, it has been the story of what might be called classical
History_of_cryptography
Encoding for text messages
timing of the taps to isolate letters. To communicate the word "hello", the cipher would be the following (with the pause between each number in a pair being
Tap_code
Block cipher
SEED is a block cipher developed by the Korea Information Security Agency (KISA). It is used broadly throughout South Korean industry, but seldom found
SEED
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
technologies have proven their capability in the brute-force attack of certain ciphers. One is modern graphics processing unit (GPU) technology,[page needed]
Brute-force_attack
Block cipher
In cryptography, FEAL (the Fast data Encipherment Algorithm) is a block cipher proposed as an alternative to the Data Encryption Standard (DES), and designed
FEAL
Rotor cipher machine
The Schlüsselgerät 41 ("Cipher Machine 41"), also known as the SG-41 or Hitler mill, was a rotor cipher machine, first produced in 1941 in Nazi Germany
Schlüsselgerät_41
Block cipher
Knudsen, 1997). KHAZAD Square Vincent Rijmen, Joan Daemen, Bart Preneel, Anton Bosselaers, Erik De Win (February 1996). The Cipher SHARK (PDF/PostScript)
SHARK
2026 American film
Krasinski's once-compelling CIA operative to a personality-free action cipher." Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of
Jack_Ryan:_Ghost_War
Attacks against common ciphers
This article summarizes publicly known attacks against block ciphers and stream ciphers. Note that there are perhaps attacks that are not publicly known
Cipher_security_summary
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name from Middle English squyer ‘esquire’, ‘a man belonging to the feudal rank immediately below that of knight’ (from Old French esquier ‘shield bearer’). At first it denoted a young man of good birth attendant on a knight, or by extension any attendant or servant, but by the 14th century the meaning had been generalized, and referred to social status rather than age. By the 17th century, the term denoted any member of the landed gentry, but this is unlikely to have influenced the development of the surname.
Boy/Male
French Latin
A squire.
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, English, French, German, Scottish
Steward; Stewart is Clan Name of the Royal House of Scotland; Surname; House Guard
Boy/Male
British, English
Spear-man
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American English Scottish
Steward.
Male
Chinese
square, in the sense of correctness.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a frugal person, from Middle English spare ‘sparing’, ‘frugal’.
Boy/Male
Italian
Squire.
Boy/Male
English
Shieldbearer.
Boy/Male
Indian
Cover
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Shield Bearer
Male
Swedish
Swedish name derived from Old Norse stúra, STURE means "obstinate."
Girl/Female
British, English
Bless
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Spear.
Boy/Male
English American
Shieldbearer.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English
Shield Bearer; Knight's Companion
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Squire.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Squire.
Male
English
French form of English Stewart, STUART means "house guard; steward." In use by the English and Scottish.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Squire.
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Moonlight Shining; Moonlight
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Ibn-umair RA was so Named He was a Companion whom the Prophet PBUH Name as One of the Fourteen Eminent Guardians
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Strong
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Ryall.
Boy/Male
British, English, German
Divine Friend
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
One Friend
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, Danish, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Indian, Irish, Polish, Swedish, Swiss, Teutonic
Eagle Power; Powerful as an Eagle
Girl/Female
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, French
To Care for Dearly; Beloved; To Cherish; To Hold Dear
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Digby in Lincolnshire, named from Old Norse dÃk ‘dike’, ‘ditch’ + býr ‘farm’, ‘settlement’.
Girl/Female
Greek American Hebrew French
From the Hebrew Elisheba, meaning either oath of God, or God is satisfaction. Famous bearer: Old...
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
SQUARE CIPHER
imp. & p. p.
of Squire
n.
A square; a measure; a rule.
n.
To multiply by itself; as, to square a number or a quantity.
a.
Even; leaving no balance; as, to make or leave the accounts square.
n.
Having the toe square.
a.
Rendering equal justice; exact; fair; honest, as square dealing.
n.
An instrument having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges, used to lay out or test square work. It is of several forms, as the T square, the carpenter's square, the try-square., etc.
a.
Of or pertaining to a square, or to squares; resembling a quadrate, or square; square.
n.
One who, or that which, squares.
imp. & p. p.
of Square
n.
To form with right angles and straight lines, or flat surfaces; as, to square mason's work.
n.
A square piece or fragment.
n.
To make even, so as leave no remainder of difference; to balance; as, to square accounts.
n.
The product of a number or quantity multiplied by itself; thus, 64 is the square of 8, for 8 / 8 = 64; the square of a + b is a2 + 2ab + b2.
a.
Having four equal sides and four right angles; as, a square figure.
n.
To place at right angles with the keel; as, to square the yards.
n.
Hence, anything which is square, or nearly so
a.
Forming a right angle; as, a square corner.
n.
A square. See 1st Squire.
v. t.
To attend as a squire.