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Name list
Shāpūr (Persian: شاپور, meaning son of the king), Sepuh, Shapour, Shahpur, Sapor, or Shapoor (شاهپور) is a masculine given name of Persian origin. It
Shapur_(name)
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 240 to 270
Shapur I (also spelled Shabuhr I; Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, romanized: Šābuhr) also known as Shapur I the Great was the second Sasanian King of
Shapur_I
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 309 to 379
Shapur II (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 Šābuhr, 309–379), also known as Shapur the Great, was the tenth King of Kings (Shahanshah) of the Sasanian Empire
Shapur_II
Shapur II on the right and Shapur III on the left. Two inscriptions in Middle Persian are etched on both sides. The inscriptions contain their names and
Inscription of Shapur II and Shapur III at Taq-e Bostan
Inscription_of_Shapur_II_and_Shapur_III_at_Taq-e_Bostan
Part of the Roman-Sasanian wars in 260 CE
Shapur I's third Roman campaign was the last of the three victorious campaigns that the Persian king Shapur I led against the Roman Empire in 240–244
Shapur I's third Roman campaign
Shapur_I's_third_Roman_campaign
Topics referred to by the same term
Shahpur, Shapur, Shahpoor, or Shahapur (Persian: شاه پور) may refer to: Shapur (name), Persian given name and a list of people with the name Shahpur,
Shahpur
Sasanian prince and Governor of Mesha (died 260)
Sassanian shah Shapur I, and was married to a certain queen named Denag, who bore him several children: Hormizd, Hormizdag, Odabakht, Bahram, Shapur, Peroz,
Shapur_Meshanshah
Former administrative division
Shapur-Khwarrah (Middle Persian: Šāhpuhr-Xwarra, meaning "glory of Shapur") was one of the four (later five) administrative divisions of the Sasanian
Shapur-Khwarrah
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 383 to 388
Shapur III (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 Šābuhr), was the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 383 to 388. He was the son of Shapur II
Shapur_III
Topics referred to by the same term
King Shapur may refer to: Shapur I - second king of the Sasanian Empire, ruling from 240 to 270 Shapur II - tenth king of the Sasanian Empire, ruling
King_Shapur
Relief in Fars Province, Iran
Shapur I's victory relief at Naqsh-e Rostam is located 3 kilometers north of Persepolis. It is one of eight Sasanian rock carvings cut into the cliff beneath
Shapur I's victory relief at Naqsh-e Rostam
Shapur_I's_victory_relief_at_Naqsh-e_Rostam
King of Armenia from 415 to 420, Sasanian ruler in 420
Shapur IV (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 Šāhpuhr), was king of Sasanian Armenia from 415 to 420, who briefly ruled the Sasanian Empire in 420. The only
Shapur_IV
Sassanid city in Dezful County, Iran
"acquired by Shapur", or from Gund-dēz-ī Shāpūr, means "military fortress of Shapur", or from Weh-Andiyok-Shāpūr, "Better-than-Antioch of Shapur", or literally
Gundeshapur
Medieval city on the Tigris River, Iraq
from the river. It was refounded by the Sasanian shah Shapur I under the name of Vuzurg-Shapur (3rd century CE) and settled with Roman captives. According
Ukbara
Shapur of Ray was a Sasanian military officer from the Mihran family. The city Ray in his name was the seat of the Mihran family. According to Abu Hanifa
Shapur_of_Ray
Conflict between Persia and Rome in the 200s CE
Shapur I's second Roman campaign was the second of three victorious campaigns that the Persian king Shapur I led against the Roman Empire in the 3rd century
Shapur I's second Roman campaign
Shapur_I's_second_Roman_campaign
Large rock reliefs in Iran from the Sassanid era
include representations of the investitures of Ardashir II (379–383) and Shapur III (383–388). Like other Sassanid symbols, Taq-e Bostan, and its relief
Taq-e_Bostan
Roman emperor from 253 to 260
emperor to have been taken captive in battle, captured by the Persian emperor Shapur I after the Battle of Edessa, causing shock and instability throughout the
Valerian_(emperor)
Ancient Sasanian capital in Iran
of Shapur the Sassanid to build a better city than Antakya, its name changed from Beh-Az-Antakya-Shapur or Beh-Az-Andiv-Shapur to Bishapur. The name Bishapur
Bishapur
faction of the Kingdom of Armenia and the Sasanian Empire, led by shahanshah Shapur II. In 359 AD, another Roman-Persian war began, which ended with the defeat
Armeno-Sasanian Wars of 363–371
Armeno-Sasanian_Wars_of_363–371
Regent of the Sasanian Empire (r. 309–325)
adulthood of her son, Shapur, who was declared mature to rule himself at age 16 in 325. There isn't much information about Ifra Hormizd's name, and only Jewish
Ifra_Hormizd
Founder and Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 180 to 242
Papak overthrew the local Persian shah named Gochihr and appointed his son, Shapur, instead of him. Shapur and his father, Papak, suddenly died and
Ardashir_I
successor, Shapur I (r. 240/42–270/72) chooses the titles in a precise manner in the inscription at Ka'ba-ye Zartosht. In that Shapur names four of his
List of monarchs of the Sasanian Empire
List_of_monarchs_of_the_Sasanian_Empire
260 Sasanian victory over Rome
Empire, under the command of Emperor Valerian, and the Sasanian Empire under Shapur I, in Edessa (now the Turkish city of Urfa) in 260. The Roman army was defeated
Battle_of_Edessa
Etymological analysis of the name "Iran"
also features in the names of the towns founded by Sassanid dynasts, for instance in Ērān-xwarrah-šābuhr "Glory of Ērān (of) Shapur". It also appears in
Name_of_Iran
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 271 to 274
transliteration is Vahagn/Vrām. The name is attested in Georgian as Baram and Latin as Vararanes. Bahram I was the oldest son of Shapur I, the second shah of the
Bahram_I
Iranian ruler of Pars from c. 205 to c. 210
the founder of the Sasanian Empire. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Shapur. Pars (also known as Persis), a region in the southwestern Iranian plateau
Pabag
Zoroastrian high-priest of the late 3rd century
reigns of four Sasanian kings in the 3rd century. His name is cited in the inscriptions of Shapur I (as well as in the Res Gestae Divi Saporis) and the
Kartir
City in Bushehr province, Iran
inscription of Shapur Sakanshah, the Sassanid prince. Some scholars believe that the name "Borazjan" is mentioned in this inscription. Shapur Sakanshah, the
Borazjan
Last pre-Islamic Iranian empire (224–651 AD)
imitating Sassanian kings Shapur II (r. 309 to 379) and Shapur III (r. 383 to 388), adding the Alchon Tamgha and the name "Alchono" in Bactrian script
Sasanian_Empire
Former town in Al Anbar, Iraq
244, Shapur renamed the town to Peroz-Shapur (Pērōz-Šāpūr or Pērōz-Šābuhr, from Middle Persian: 𐭯𐭥𐭩𐭥𐭦𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, meaning "victorious Shapur"; in
Anbar_(town)
4th century king of the Xionites
Grumbates accompanied Shapur II in the war against the Romans. Grumbates thus participated in the Siege of Amida in 359 AD as an ally of Shapur II. His participation
Grumbates
Early 3rd century king of Persis
Shapur (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩) was an Iranian prince, who was the penultimate King of Persis from 207–210 to 211/2. He was succeeded by his younger
Shapur_(son_of_Pabag)
The Sassanid invasion of Armenia in 350 AD was led by Sassanid Shahanshah Shapur II (r. 309–379) against the joint Roman-Armenian army commanded by Emperor
Shapur II's invasion of Armenia (350)
Shapur_II's_invasion_of_Armenia_(350)
242–244 military campaign
during the period of military anarchy, and the rule of the Sasanians, led by Shapur I (r. 241–272), who succeeded his father Ardashir I (r. 224–241), was fought
Sasanian campaign of Gordian III
Sasanian_campaign_of_Gordian_III
War between Roman and Sasanian Empires (363)
Empire fought against the Sasanian Empire, which was ruled at the time by Shapur II, and sought to capture the Sasanian capital city Ctesiphon. In order
Julian's_Persian_expedition
Province of the Sasanian Empire in Late Antiquity
conquered it. Shapur-Khwarrah (Middle Persian: Šāpuhr-Xwarra, meaning "glory of Shapur") was founded by the second Sasanian king Shapur I (r. 240–270)
Pars_(Sasanian_province)
King of Armenia from 252 to 270, Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 270 to 271
Iran, who ruled from May 270 to June 271. He was the third-born son of Shapur I (r. 240–270), under whom he was governor-king of Armenia, and also took
Hormizd_I
Ruler of Parthian Empire from c. 213 to 224
because of their inconvenient lamellar armor. Ardashir I's son and heir, Shapur I, as portrayed in the Sasanian rock reliefs, also took part in the battle
Artabanus_IV_of_Parthia
Siege undertaken by Sasanian Persia
AD 359 when the Sasanian army under king Shapur II invaded the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. Shapur wanted to exploit the absence of the Roman
Siege_of_Amida_(359)
Stepped structure in the Naqsh-e Rustam compound in Fars, Iran
purpose (implying Shapur I)." There is no knowledge of the name of the structure in any earlier periods. Ibn al-Balkhi has mentioned the name of the area of
Ka'ba-ye_Zartosht
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 293 to 303
The youngest son of Shapur I (r. 240–270), Narseh served as the governor of Sakastan, Hind and Turan under his father. Shapur I was eventually succeeded
Narseh
Iranian musician, composer, and producer (born 1989)
(Feat. Shapur) Shapur - Miam Pishet Shapur - Faramooshi (Feat. Fadaei) Shapur - Alaki Fadaei - Tehran Shapur - Dalghak Shapur - Sagpedar Shapur - Fact
Mahdyar_Aghajani
Battle between Sasanian Persians and Romans (252)
Barbalissos was fought between the Sasanians and Romans at Barbalissos. Shapur I used Roman incursions into Armenia as pretext and resumed hostilities
Battle_of_Barbalissos
Middle Persian text on geography
I and Shapur I's elaborations), as a designation of their land they adopted Ērānšahr “Land of the Aryans” and this served as the official name of their
Šahrestānīhā_ī_Ērānšahr
region, forming the name Hindūstān. Thus, Sindh was referred to as Hindustān in the Naqsh-e-Rustam inscription of Sassanid emperor Shapur I in c. 262 CE.
Names_of_India
Country in West Asia
Persian or Farsi" (Archived 2010-10-24 at the Wayback Machine). Shahbazi, A. Shapur. "HAFT KEŠVAR -- Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org. Archived from
Iran
Hamadan (ancient Ecbatana) with the name Nisa. The city of Nahavand is located on the Nisaean plain. Alireza Shapur Shahbazi in Iranica identifies the
Nisaean_plain
Ancient necropolis in Fars province, Iran
king Shapur I on horseback, with the Roman Emperor Valerian bowing to him in submission, and Philip the Arab (an earlier emperor who paid Shapur tribute)
Naqsh-e_Rostam
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 379 to 383
(shahanshah) of Iran from 379 to 383. He was the brother of his predecessor, Shapur II (r. 309–379), under whom he had served as vassal king of Adiabene, where
Ardashir_II
Castle in Khorramabad, Iran
of the Skies') or Shapur Khast Castle (Persian: دژ شاپورخواست) is a castle situated on the top of a large hill with the same name within the city of
Falak-ol-Aflak
Province of the Sasanian Empire (262–484)
Zartosht (c. 262 CE) Shapur I installed his son Narseh as "King of the Sakas" in the areas of Eastern Iran as far as Sindh. Narseh is named "King of Sind" in
Hind_(Sasanian_province)
Name list
of Ottoman Sultan Mustafa III, and mother of Sultan Selim III Veh Mihr Shapur (died 442), the first marzban of Armenia Mihr-un-nissa Begum (b. c. 1605)
Mihr_(name)
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 388 to 399
(shahanshah) of Iran from 388 to 399. He was likely the son and successor of Shapur III (r. 383–388). Before his accession to the throne, Bahram served as governor
Bahram_IV
3rd century Sasanian prince
of Shapur Mishanshah, a Sasanian prince who governed Maishan, and was the son of the Sassanian shah Shapur I. Odabakht's mother was a queen named Denag
Odabakht
Christian saint (died 362/363)
emperor Julian. There he fell foul of Shah Shapur II and was killed along with his son, Martiros, during Shapur's Forty-Year Persecution. Sargis the General
Sargis_the_General
Sasanian center of education in Iran
to Richard Frye, the name Gundishapur is a corrupted form of Veh-Andiukh-Shapur, meaning “Better than Antioch, built by Shapur.” According to most sources
Academy_of_Gondishapur
sometimes given as 1537 Shapur II was crowned in utero: the crown was placed upon his mother's belly. This child, named Shapur, was therefore born king;
List of longest-reigning monarchs
List_of_longest-reigning_monarchs
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 303 to 309
II's infant son Shapur II on the throne. The name of Hormizd (also spelled Ōhrmazd, Hormozd) is the Middle Persian version of the name of the supreme deity
Hormizd_II
Ruler of Tabaristan from c. 825 to 839
Shapur, asked him how he would react if Shapur converted to Islam and offered to become a client of the caliph. Mazyar gave no answer, but had Shapur
Mazyar
King Shapur II who reigned from 309 until 379 and was the father of the Sasanian King Shapur III who reigned from 383 until 388 by a mother whose name is
Zruanduxt
Calendar year
for naming years. Battle of Barbalissos: King Shapur I defeats the Roman army (some 70,000 men) at Barbalissos in Syria (approximate date). Shapur I puts
252
3rd-century prophet and founder of Manichaeism
emperor Shapur I, was written in Middle Persian. He died shortly after being imprisoned by Bahram I in Gundeshapur. The exact meaning of the name, or rather
Mani_(prophet)
Early 3rd century ancestor of the Sasanian dynasty
"disappears" and is named afterwards as the father of Ardashir. In the Kabe Zartosht inscription of Shapur I the Great, the four named persons "Sasan, Papak
Sasan
Parthian clan
Gilan Pourshariati 2008, p. 49. Howard-Johnston 2010. Shapur Shahbazi 1989, pp. 180–182. Shapur Shahbazi 2002, pp. 171–176. Pourshariati 2008, pp. 26–27
House_of_Ispahbudhan
UNESCO world heritage site in Iran
temple was built in the 3rd century AD by the order of the Sasanian king Shapur I. It was registered in 1310 SH as one of the first national monuments of
Temple_of_Anahita,_Bishapur
Christian martyrs of the 4th century
The Martyrs of Persia under Shapur II were Christian martyrs who were put to death by Shapur II of Persia (r. 309–379) for failing to renounce their faith
Martyrs of Persia under Shapur II
Martyrs_of_Persia_under_Shapur_II
The Siege of Emesa in AD 253 followed a major expedition led by Shapur I against the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire in AD 252–253. The outcome of
Siege_of_Emesa_(253)
3rd-century Sasanian noblewoman
thought to mean "Fire of Anahita", her name is now agreed to mean "Fire and Anahita". Ādur Anāhīd, daughter of Shapur I of the Sasanian dynasty, was one of
Adur-Anahid
Shapur Mihran (Middle Persian: 𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩 𐭬𐭲𐭥), known in Armenian sources as Shapuh Mihran (Armenian: Շապուհ Միհրան), was a Sasanian nobleman from
Shapur_Mihran
Type of Parthanian and Sasanian cavalry
casualties. The Sassanians used grivpanvar during Shapur II's Arab campaign in 342 AD, when Shapur ordered his troops to destroy an Arab force that had
Grivpanvar
Province of the Sasanian Empire
territories claimed by the Sasanian Empire, beginning with the inscription of Shapur I at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht. It is consequently often described as a Sasanian
Mazun_(historical_region)
Name list
choice'. Husan Houshang All pages with titles containing Hushang Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2004). "Hōšang". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica (Online ed
Hushang_(name)
Calendar year
became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Emperor Gordian III begins a campaign against King Shapur I, and leads victories at Antioch, Carrhae
242
Persian kings who were vassals to the Parthians until they formed the Sasanian Empire
attack his brother Shapur after Pabag's death. Pabag died a natural death sometime between 207 and 210 and was succeeded by Shapur, who became king of
Kings_of_Persis
Gaon of the Yeshiva academy of Firuz Shapur in Babylon
academy of Firuz Shapur in Babylon, during the transition period between the Savora Jewish sages and the Geonim. The academy in Firuz Shapur functioned for
Mar_Isaac_(Firuz_Shabur)
Shahanshah of the Sasanian Empire from 399 to 420
the Sasanian King of Kings (shahanshah) of Iran from 399 to 420. A son of Shapur III (r. 383–388), he succeeded his brother Bahram IV (r. 388–399) after
Yazdegerd_I
Roman rebel who tried to overthrow emperor Gallienus
also named Cyriades, and whose debauched lifestyle offended his father. After stealing from his father, he fled to the Persians, stimulated Shapur I to
Cyriades
Province of the Sasanian Empire
seized its capital and killed its ruler, Shadh-Shapur. During the reign of Ardashir's son and successor Shapur I (r. 240–270), a certain Varzin was appointed
Spahan_(province)
371 battle of the Roman-Persian Wars
in Armenian affairs, Armenia was left at the mercy of the Sasanian king Shapur II, who in 367/368 imprisoned the Armenian king Arshak II and strove to
Battle_of_Bagavan
Persian dynasty
Harran and Nisibis. 241 – Coronation of Shapur I. c. 242–273 – Mani makes a journey in Persia. 252–256 – Shapur I moves forward to the Eastern Roman Provinces
Timeline of the Sasanian Empire
Timeline_of_the_Sasanian_Empire
Middle Persian title
title is first attested in 262/3 in Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht, being held by a certain Denak. Shapur I's daughter Adur-Anahid held the
Banbishn
4th-century Armenian queen
Sasanian king Shapur II, the Roman emperor Jovian signed a peace treaty in 363 which left Armenia to face the Sasanians alone. Shapur invaded Armenia
Parandzem
Ancient city in central Syria
260s, when the Palmyrene King Odaenathus defeated the Sasanian emperor Shapur I. The king was succeeded by queen regent Zenobia, who rebelled against
Palmyra
3rd-century Sasanian queen
I or to Shapur I. The origins of her name is unknown, the name seems to suggest an Armenian or Georgian background. She is mentioned in Shapur I's inscription
Khwarranzem
Demon in Iranian mythology
Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 191–205. ISBN 978-0-71009-114-7. Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2017). Badian, Ernst (ed.). "Irano-Hellenic Notes: 1. The Three Faces of
Azhdahak_(mythology)
Extinct tiger population in Central and West Asia
possibly commemorating the victory of the Palmyrene King Odaenathus over Shapur I. The inscription on the mosaic conceals an earlier one that read: (Mrn)
Caspian_tiger
Satrapy of the Sassanian Empire
considered the most accurate. The province was formed during the reign of Shapur I as part of his efforts to establish greater centralisation in the empire
Abarshahr
Province of the Sasanian Empire
mentioned in Shapur I's inscription at the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht of 262 CE, among the many provinces of the Sasanian Empire: "And I (Shapur I) possess the
Turan_(Sasanian_province)
Roman emperor from 238 to 244
across the Euphrates increased its own attacks. When the Sasanians under Shapur I invaded Mesopotamia, the young emperor opened the doors of the Temple
Gordian_III
Roman emperor from 244 to 249
descent, Philip was Praetorian prefect during Gordian III's campaign against Shapur I's Sasanian Empire. When Gordian died under disputed circumstances following
Philip_the_Arab
Iranian prophet and spiritual founder of Zoroastrianism
of Cultures of Central Asia Information Bulletin, 13: 44–56 Shahbazi, A. Shapur (1977), "The 'Traditional Date of Zoroaster' Explained", Bulletin of the
Zoroaster
فرزانه رزمساز Translation The nobles and wise warriors, such as Gordoy, Shapur, Andian, and the commander of the Armenian army, Rudman, gathered with the
Rudman_(name_origin)
Mediterranean sea in West Asia
the Lakhmid Kingdom, the most prominent of which was the invasion led by Shapur II against the Lakhmids, leading to Lakhmids' defeat, and advancement into
Persian_Gulf
Plant species in pea family
July 2024 – via University of North Texas Libraries. Shahbazi, Alireza Shapur. "ASB i. In Pre-Islamic Iran". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Palladius (1898).
Alfalfa
Persian religion founded in the 3rd century AD
Persian and presented to the Sasanian emperor Shapur I by Mani himself. Although there is no evidence that Shapur I was a follower of Mani, he tolerated the
Manichaeism
during Shapur II's invasion of Armenia, but later rejoined the Armenians in 368 and fought Shapur II's forces. In 370, he sent messengers to Shapur II, promising
Cylaces
Historical overview and definition of "Iran" and its usage
form reappears in the names of the towns founded by Sasanian dynasts, for instance in Ērān-xwarrah-šābuhr "Glory of Ērān (of) Shapur". It also appears in
Iran_(word)
Roman emperor from 284 to 305
February 299. He met with Galerius in Mesopotamia. In 294, Narseh, a son of Shapur who had been passed over for the Sassanid succession, came to power in Persia
Diocletian
Village in Fars, Iran
(Persian: آباد شاهپور, also Romanized as Ābād Shāhpūr; also known as Ābād Shāpūr) is a neighborhood in the city of Bab Anar in Khafr County, Fars province
Abad_Shahpur
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