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Machine learning technique useful for dimensionality reduction
A self-organizing map (SOM) or self-organizing feature map (SOFM) is an unsupervised machine learning technique used to produce a low-dimensional (typically
Self-organizing_map
Growing variant of a self-organizing map
A growing self-organizing map (GSOM) is a growing variant of a self-organizing map (SOM). The GSOM was developed to address the issue of identifying a
Growing_self-organizing_map
Process of forming order by local interactions
biology, from the molecular to the ecosystem level. Cited examples of self-organizing behavior also appear in the literature of many other disciplines, both
Self-organization
In artificial neural networks, a hybrid Kohonen self-organizing map is a type of self-organizing map (SOM) named for the Finnish professor Teuvo Kohonen
Hybrid Kohonen self-organizing map
Hybrid_Kohonen_self-organizing_map
Projection of data onto lower-dimensional manifolds
theorem Discriminant analysis Elastic map Feature learning Growing self-organizing map (GSOM) Self-organizing map (SOM) Lawrence, Neil D (2012). "A unifying
Nonlinear dimensionality reduction
Nonlinear_dimensionality_reduction
Generative topographic map (GTM) is a machine learning method that is a probabilistic counterpart of the self-organizing map (SOM), is probably convergent
Generative_topographic_map
A self-organizing network (SON) is an automation technology designed to make the planning, configuration, management, optimization and healing of mobile
Self-organizing_network
Finnish computer scientist (1934–2021)
Kohonen's most famous contribution is the self-organizing map, or "SOM" (also known as the "Kohonen map" or "Kohonen artificial neural network"; Kohonen
Teuvo_Kohonen
algorithm GeneRec Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production Growing self-organizing map ID3 algorithm IDistance k-means++ k-means clustering k-medoids k-nearest
List of artificial intelligence algorithms
List_of_artificial_intelligence_algorithms
Overview of and topical guide to machine learning
algorithm GeneRec Genetic Algorithm for Rule Set Production Growing self-organizing map Hyper basis function network IDistance k-means clustering k-nearest
Outline_of_machine_learning
important factors in its widespread use in large neural networks. Self-organizing maps (SOMs) were described by Teuvo Kohonen in 1982. SOMs are neurophysiologically
History of artificial neural networks
History_of_artificial_neural_networks
Paradigm in machine learning that uses no classification labels
recognition and experiential learning. Among neural network models, the self-organizing map (SOM) and adaptive resonance theory (ART) are commonly used in unsupervised
Unsupervised_learning
Classification of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)
machines and Products of Experts. The self-organizing map (SOM) uses unsupervised learning. A set of neurons learn to map points in an input space to coordinates
Types of artificial neural networks
Types_of_artificial_neural_networks
Embedding of data within a manifold based on a similarity function
(statistics) Manifold hypothesis Nonlinear dimensionality reduction Self-organizing map Liu, Yang; Jun, Eunice; Li, Qisheng; Heer, Jeffrey (June 2019). "Latent
Latent_space
Self-organizing map
The U-matrix (unified distance matrix) is a representation of a self-organizing map (SOM) where the Euclidean distance between the codebook vectors of
U-matrix
Information without a formal data model
Recent efforts to enforce structure upon biomedical documents include self-organizing map approaches for identifying topics among documents, general-purpose
Unstructured_data
Classical quantization technique from signal processing
the competitive learning paradigm, so it is closely related to the self-organizing map model and to sparse coding models used in deep learning algorithms
Vector_quantization
Oxygen needed to remove organics from water
Rabee; Adeloye, Adebayo J.; Scholz, Miklas (2008). "Applying Kohonen Self-Organizing Map as a Software Sensor to Predict Biochemical Oxygen Demand". Water
Biochemical_oxygen_demand
Real-world applications of data mining
safety-related parameters). Data clustering techniques – such as the self-organizing map (SOM), have been applied to vibration monitoring and analysis of
Examples_of_data_mining
Physical implementation of an artificial neural network with optical components
neural networks include the Hopfield neural network and the Kohonen self-organizing map with liquid crystal spatial light modulators Optical neural networks
Optical_neural_network
Concept in physics
Self-organized criticality (SOC) is a property of dynamical systems that have a critical point as an attractor. Their macroscopic behavior thus displays
Self-organized_criticality
Vector quantization algorithm minimizing the sum of squared deviations
DBSCAN Head/tail breaks k q-flats k-means++ Linde–Buzo–Gray algorithm Self-organizing map Kriegel, Hans-Peter; Schubert, Erich; Zimek, Arthur (2016). "The
K-means_clustering
Artificial neural network
Neural gas is an artificial neural network, inspired by the self-organizing map and introduced in 1991 by Thomas Martinetz and Klaus Schulten. The neural
Neural_gas
Machine learning framework
Neural Network Radial Basis Function Network Recurrent Self Organizing Map (RSOM) Self Organizing Map (Kohonen) Backpropagation Resilient Propagation (RProp)
Encog
Topics referred to by the same term
architecture (simulation) System on module, in computer embedded systems Self-organizing map, neural network in machine learning IBM System Object Model, a programming
Som
Non-parametric classification method
skew is by abstraction in data representation. For example, in a self-organizing map (SOM), each node is a representative (a center) of a cluster of similar
K-nearest_neighbors_algorithm
Analysis of potential system failures
Lee; Pang, Lie Meng; Tay, Kai Meng (March 2017). "Application of Self-Organizing Map to Failure Modes and Effects Analysis Methodology" (PDF). Neurocomputing
Failure mode and effects analysis
Failure_mode_and_effects_analysis
Form of unsupervised learning in artificial neural networks
principle of competitive learning include vector quantization and self-organizing maps (Kohonen maps). There are three basic elements to a competitive learning
Competitive_learning
Publication ranking national happiness based on respondent ratings of their lives
Sustainable Development Solutions Network The Guardian 20 March 2017 Interactive map of countries by happiness score as well as GDP, life expectancy, generosity
World_Happiness_Report
Type of artificial neural network
neural network Deep learning Pattern recognition Receptive field Self-organizing map Unsupervised learning Fukushima, Kunihiko (October 1979).
Neocognitron
winner-take-all Hebbian learning-based approach. It is a precursor to self-organizing maps (SOM) and related to neural gas and the k-nearest neighbor algorithm
Learning_vector_quantization
Quantum interpretation of neuroscience
mysticism – Pseudoscience claiming to build on quantum mechanics Self-organizing map – Machine learning technique useful for dimensionality reduction
Holonomic_brain_theory
Branch of developmental psycholinguistics
195--223. Kohonen, T. (n.d.). The Self-Organizing Map. Zhao, X.; Li, P.; Kohonen, T. (2011). "Contextual self-organizing map: software for constructing semantic
Statistical language acquisition
Statistical_language_acquisition
American scientist (born 1939)
introduced by Grossberg in 1976 into Adaptive Resonance Theory and Self-Organizing Maps for the learning of adaptive filters in these models. This learning
Stephen_Grossberg
tree maps, time series forecasting, correlation analysis, outlier detection, decision trees, association rules, clustering, and self-organizing maps. New
Data_Applied
Theory in cognitive science
considered as basic templates. Competitive learning Ensemble learning Self-organizing map Connectionism Feature integration theory Adaptive system Blackboard
Pandemonium_architecture
Grouping a set of objects by similarity
Neural models: the most well-known unsupervised neural network is the self-organizing map and these models can usually be characterized as similar to one or
Cluster_analysis
Finnish scientist (1962–2020)
their own objects to a database and then organise them by Kohonen Self-Organizing Map algorithm. In 2017 Honkela published a book in Finnish. The book
Timo_Honkela
Map of customer perceptions
technique to construct this kind of multidimensional perceptual maps is the self-organizing map. This helps pinpoint more variables, allowing for more in-depth
Perceptual_mapping
network that uses radial basis functions as activation functions Self-organizing map: an unsupervised network that produces a low-dimensional representation
List_of_algorithms
Type of reservoir computer
recurrent neural network Reservoir computing: the conceptual framework Self-organizing map LiquidC#: Implementation of topologically robust liquid state machine
Liquid_state_machine
Software that allows a sound card to be used as a data modem
multiple Morse code (CW) signals Decoding of Morse code (CW) by self-organizing map artificial neural network (trained artificial intelligence) The "Fldigi
Fldigi
machine, SOM for the self-organizing maps. The hybrid technology was developed for engineering applications. In this technology, elastic maps are used in combination
Elastic_map
Field of machine learning
SSRN 3374766. George Karimpanal, Thommen; Bouffanais, Roland (2019). "Self-organizing maps for storage and transfer of knowledge in reinforcement learning"
Reinforcement_learning
Machine learning technique
2007-08-05. George Karimpanal, Thommen; Bouffanais, Roland (2019). "Self-organizing maps for storage and transfer of knowledge in reinforcement learning"
Transfer_learning
Cognitive science approach
algorithm Harmonic grammar Machine learning Pandemonium architecture Self-organizing map "Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy". iep.utm.edu. Retrieved 2023-08-19
Connectionism
Computer program that modifies other programs to replicate itself and spread
(29 October 2004). "Visualizing windows executable viruses using self-organizing maps". Proceedings of the 2004 ACM workshop on Visualization and data
Computer_virus
Mathematical model of memory
Memory-prediction framework Neural coding Neural Turing machine Random indexing Self-organizing map Semantic folding Semantic memory Semantic network Stacked autoencoders
Sparse_distributed_memory
Type of statistics
outliers and missing values from activated sludge data using Kohonen self-organizing map", Journal of Environmental Engineering, 133 (9): 909–916, Bibcode:2007JEnvE
Robust_statistics
Computational model used in machine learning
Backpropagation, Radial Basis Functions, Recurrent Neural Networks, Self Organizing Maps, Hopfield Networks. Review of Neural Networks in Materials Science
Neural network (machine learning)
Neural_network_(machine_learning)
Information storage system
Holonomic brain theory – Quantum interpretation of neuroscience Self-organizing map – Machine learning technique useful for dimensionality reduction
Holographic associative memory
Holographic_associative_memory
Principle applied in computational models of neural networks
technology and firms will fall further behind. See First-mover advantage. Self-organizing map Winner-take-all in action selection Zero instruction set computer
Winner-take-all_(computing)
Type of artificial neural network
6. Morgan-Kaufmann. Luttrell S.P. (1994). A Bayesian analysis of self-organizing maps. Neural Computation. 1994 Sep 1;6(5):767-94.[1] Hinton, Geoffrey
Helmholtz_machine
Model of how neurons in the brain or artificial neural networks learn over time
algorithm Independent components analysis Principal component analysis Self-organizing map Synaptic plasticity Oja, Erkki (November 1982). "Simplified neuron
Oja's_rule
Mu-Chun; Cao, Ruijun; Hsu, Shu-Chien; Lu, Jin-Chun (2017-01-01). "A self organizing map optimization based image recognition and processing model for bridge
Bridge_management_system
Topics referred to by the same term
Sofm can refer to: Self-organizing map, a type of artificial neural network (ANN) SofM, a Vietnamese League of Legends player This disambiguation page
Sofm
Mental perception of product or brand
International, 2000, pp 121-166 Mazanec, J.A., "Positioning analysis with self-organizing maps: An exploratory study on luxury hotels", The Cornell Hotel and Restaurant
Positioning_(marketing)
Linear feedforward neural network model
The generalized Hebbian algorithm is used in applications where a self-organizing map is necessary, or where a feature or principal components analysis
Generalized_Hebbian_algorithm
cinematographic purposes), and pornography filtering are a few examples. A Self-Organizing Map (SOM) was implemented in skin detection using TSL and achieved comparable
TSL_color_space
Incredibly small, unique extremophile Archaea species found deep in an acidic mine
successfully binned from the community genomic data using ESOM or Emergent Self-Organizing Map clustering of tetranucleotide DNA signatures. The first draft of
Archaeal Richmond Mine acidophilic nanoorganisms
Archaeal_Richmond_Mine_acidophilic_nanoorganisms
Selective recruitment Self-organizing map Self-selection bias Self-similar process Segmented regression Seismic inversion Self-similarity matrix Semantic
List_of_statistics_articles
Overview of and topical guide to algorithms
Principal component analysis Independent component analysis Autoencoder Self-organizing map Reinforcement learning Q-learning State–action–reward–state–action
Outline_of_algorithms
Teuvo Kohonen, Finnish researcher, best known for the development of self-organizing map Yrjö Kokko, Finnish writer Janne Kolehmainen, Finnish ice hockey
List_of_Karelians
performed by: GPI-SOM: Identification of GPI-anchor signals by a Kohonen Self Organizing Map Archived 2023-06-25 at the Wayback Machine PredGPI: a GPI-anchor
Glypiation
Design, construction, use, and application of robots
Geoffrey (1 May 2008). "Environment classification using Kohonen self-organizing maps". Expert Systems. 25 (2): 98–114. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0394.2008.00441
Robotics
Theory of motivation
(2022-06-20). "Optimizing future well-being with artificial intelligence: self-organizing maps (SOMs) for the identification of islands of emotional stability"
Socioemotional selectivity theory
Socioemotional_selectivity_theory
Trial and error problem solvers with a metaheuristic or stochastic optimization character
classifier system Memetic algorithms Neuroevolution Self-organization such as self-organizing maps, competitive learning Over recent years many dubious
Evolutionary_computation
River in Ghana and Ivory Coast
assemblages in the Bia river-lake system (south-eastern Ivory Coast): A self-organizing map approach. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 25, Article
Bia_River
Artificial model of cognition
Mechanism. Paper presented at the Proceedings of WSOM '03: Workshop for Self-Organizing Maps, Kitakyushu, Japan Maes, P. 1989. How to do the right thing. Connection
LIDA_(cognitive_architecture)
Interdisciplinary field of study
component analysis (PCA) DBSCAN k-means clustering OPTICS Cobweb model Self-organizing map (SOM) Expectation Maximization Hierarchical Clustering AutoClass
Astroinformatics
Genus of carnivores
preference of Eurasian river otter (Lutra lutra) in streams using a self-organizing map". Limnology. 10 (3): 203. Bibcode:2009Limno..10..203C. doi:10
Lutra
Proposed common script for Indian languages
Bharati utilises two hands. A prototype has been developed using self-organizing maps and convolutional neural networks, which can give out characters
Bharati_script
Type of neural network
Graupe, D.; Kordylewski, H. (August 1996). "Network based on SOM (Self-Organizing-Map) modules combined with statistical decision tools". Proceedings of
Large memory storage and retrieval neural network
Large_memory_storage_and_retrieval_neural_network
Biological theory of intelligence
dating back to early research in distributed representations and self-organizing maps. For example, in sparse distributed memory (SDM), the patterns encoded
Hierarchical_temporal_memory
Neural network development environment
regression neural network (GRNN) Probabilistic neural network (PNN) Self-organizing map (SOM) Time-lag recurrent network (TLRN) Recurrent neural network
NeuroSolutions
Interdisciplinary research field
cities in perspective – a comparative European study by means of self-organizing maps". Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research. 25
Public_informatics
Civil engineer and water resources researcher
(1), 111–124. Lee B.-H. and Scholz M. (2006), Application of the Self-organizing Map (SOM) to assess the Heavy Metal Removal Performance in Experimental
Miklas_Scholz
layer", because a cortical neural map should be modeled as a 2D-map of interconnected neurons (e.g. like a self-organizing map; see also Fig. 1). Thus, each
Neurocomputational speech processing
Neurocomputational_speech_processing
Software for understanding biological data
hierarchical, centroid-based, distribution-based, density-based, and self-organizing maps classification, has long been studied and used in classical machine
Machine learning in bioinformatics
Machine_learning_in_bioinformatics
Method of image retrieval
Grefenstette, 2008) FACERET: An Interactive Face Retrieval System Based on Self-Organizing Maps (Ruiz-del-Solar et al., 2002) Automatic Linguistic Indexing of Pictures
Content-based_image_retrieval
Nearest Neighbor methods (K-nearest neighbors algorithm, K-means, self-organizing map) Risk Minimization (Support vector regression, support vector machine
Multimedia information retrieval
Multimedia_information_retrieval
Former technical university in Finland
neural networks, with professor Teuvo Kohonen initiating research in self-organizing maps. Additionally, the first commercialised total synthesis, the synthesis
Helsinki University of Technology
Helsinki_University_of_Technology
Place in South Karelia, Finland
Teuvo Kohonen, Finnish researcher, best known for the development of self-organizing map Arvi Lind, Finnish television news presenter Eino Valle, Finnish
Lauritsala
Multiple interactions and regulation of life forms with their environment
known as living things) treated as a system. They are said to be open self-organizing and said to interact with their environment. These systems are maintained
Living_systems
mechanism by which a type of artificial neural network known as a self-organizing map (SOM) learns. Some types of artificial neural network, such as evolving
Computational neurogenetic modeling
Computational_neurogenetic_modeling
Artificial neural network algorithm
principle of competitive learning include vector quantization and self-organizing maps (Kohonen maps). Machine learning Decision tree learning Pattern recognition
Learning_rule
Windows 9x computer virus
(October 29, 2004). "Visualizing windows executable viruses using self-organizing maps". Proceedings of the 2004 ACM workshop on Visualization and data
CIH_(computer_virus)
Approach to training in machine learning
methods for OCC are, k-means clustering, learning vector quantization, self-organizing maps, etc. The basic Support Vector Machine (SVM) paradigm is trained
One-class_classification
Multivariate statistical classification technique in marketing
neural network methods for achieving unsupervised clustering is the Self-Organizing Map (SOM). SOM has been proposed as an improvement over the k-means method
Geodemographic_segmentation
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
clustering algorithms applied in gene clustering are k-means clustering, self-organizing maps (SOMs), hierarchical clustering, and consensus clustering methods
Bioinformatics
the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map algorithm that positioned objects of similar descriptions near each other in a two-dimensional map. The map of objects
George_Legrady
Finnish researcher and professor
supervision of Prof. Teuvo Kohonen, best known for inventing the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map. He obtained and a Doctor of Science in Technology in 2001, from
Ville_Topias_Pulkki
Algorithmic processing of digitally-represented images
Pixelation Point feature matching Principal components analysis Self-organizing maps Wavelets Digital filters are used to blur and sharpen digital images
Digital_image_processing
Type of software
analysis simulators on the market use backpropagating networks or self-organizing maps as their core. The advantage of this type of software is that it
Neural_network_software
1965 (1965-01-07) Donna is floating on air while Midge suffers a blow to her self-confidence after a stranger flirts with Donna at a restaurant. 236 18 "Joe
List of The Donna Reed Show episodes
List_of_The_Donna_Reed_Show_episodes
German physicist and neuro-informatic (born 1962)
field of neuroinformatics is the so-called Neural gas, a variant of self-organizing maps. He is co-founder of the software companies Consideo, the Pattern
Thomas_Martinetz
Software product
polynomials, locally weighted Bayesian regression, k-means clustering, and self-organizing maps. A free academic license for non-commercial use and class use is
LIONsolver
Financial crime
first an outlier analysis is made separately for each customer using self-organizing maps and then a predictive algorithm is utilized to classify the abnormal
Credit_card_fraud
Emissions, impacts and response of Nigeria related to climate change
Analysis of Extreme Weather Events in Nigeria (1985–2015) Using Self-Organizing Maps". Advances in Meteorology. 2017 (1): 1–11. Bibcode:2017AdMet201776150A
Climate_change_in_Nigeria
Type of territory defined by the United Nations Charter
Charter defines a non-self-governing territory (NSGT) as a territory "whose people have not yet attained a full measure of self-government". Chapter XI
United Nations list of non-self-governing territories
United_Nations_list_of_non-self-governing_territories
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP
SELF ORGANIZING-MAP