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Type of aldol condensation reaction
In organic chemistry, self-condensation is an organic reaction in which a chemical compound containing a carbonyl group (C=O) acts both as the electrophile
Self-condensation
Chemical compound (PO(OH)3)
usually exceeding 85%. If concentrated further it undergoes slow self-condensation, forming an equilibrium with pyrophosphoric acid: 2 H3PO4 ⇌ H2O +
Phosphoric_acid
Type of chemical reaction
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde
Aldol_condensation
Organic chemical reaction
with a mild base. Using a strong base in this reaction would induce self-condensation of the aldehyde or ketone. The Hantzsch pyridine synthesis, the Gewald
Knoevenagel_condensation
Chemical reaction
condensation, a self-condensation between two molecules of a compound containing an enolizable ester. The mixed (or "crossed") Claisen condensation,
Claisen_condensation
Class of organic compounds
triacetonamine, acridone. Most members of this class are unstable towards self-condensation, however some important examples do exist as intermediates in biosynthetic
Aminoaldehydes and aminoketones
Aminoaldehydes_and_aminoketones
Organic reaction between a silyl enol ether and an aldehyde or formate
an aldehyde and a ketone (>C=O), or a different aldehyde without self-condensation of the aldehyde. For this reason the reaction is used extensively
Mukaiyama_aldol_addition
Chemical compound
available on an industrial scale. Due to the strong affinity towards self-condensation in alkaline media (see above) solutions of cyanamide are stabilized
Cyanamide
Chemical reaction
The Thorpe reaction is a chemical reaction described as a self-condensation of aliphatic nitriles catalyzed by base to form enamines. The reaction was
Thorpe_reaction
Chemical compound
followed by a depolymerization process. A more direct method is by self-condensation of the sodium salt of chloroacetic acid. It is useful as a starting
Glycolide
Chemical compound
sulfate. Like related aminoaldehydes, it is unstable with respect to self-condensation. 2-Aminobenzaldehyde is used to prepare quinolines by the Friedländer
2-Aminobenzaldehyde
State of matter
Macroscopic quantum self-trapping Slow light Super-heavy atom Superconductivity Superfluid film Superfluid helium-4 Supersolid Tachyon condensation Timeline of
Bose–Einstein_condensate
Simplest secondary alcohol
balance the prices). A known issue is the formation of MIBK and other self-condensation products. Raney nickel was one of the original industrial catalysts
Isopropyl_alcohol
Chemical compound
catalysts. RCH=CH2 + HCN → RCH2−CH2CN HCN is unstable with respect to self-condensation. Four molecules of HCN will tetramerize into diaminomaleonitrile.
Hydrogen_cyanide
Chemical compound
in the presence of base. It forms an enamine with pyrrolidine. Self condensation of cyclohexanone gives cyclohexenylcyclohexanone. The latter undergoes
Cyclohexanone
Dicarboxylic acid responsible for apple acidity
mixture. S-Malic acid is obtained by fermentation of fumaric acid. Self-condensation of malic acid in the presence of fuming sulfuric acid gives the pyrone
Malic_acid
Process of forming order by local interactions
laser, superconductivity and Bose–Einstein condensation in quantum physics. Self-organization is found in self-organized criticality in dynamical systems
Self-organization
Organic compound (CH2=CHCH2OH)
sativum) cloves (producing from garlic in two ways: firstly by a self-condensation reaction of allicin and its decomposition products such as diallyl
Allyl_alcohol
Chemical compound responsible for jasmine's scent
condensation) to give jasminaldehyde and water. The foul-smelling 2-pentylnon-2-enal is an unwanted byproduct that results from the self-condensation
Jasminaldehyde
Occurrence in collective excitations
Bose–Einstein condensation can occur in quasiparticles, particles that are effective descriptions of collective excitations in materials. Some have integer
Bose–Einstein condensation of quasiparticles
Bose–Einstein_condensation_of_quasiparticles
Chemical compound
via a three-step process using acetone as the starting material. Self-condensation, a type of aldol reaction, produces diacetone alcohol, which readily
Methyl_isobutyl_ketone
Concept in Freudian psychology
In Freudian psychoanalysis, a condensation (German: Verdichtung) is when a single idea (an image, memory, or thought) or dream object stands for several
Condensation_(psychology)
In dropwise condensation the condensate liquid collects in the form of countless droplets of varying diameters on the condensing surface, instead of forming
Dropwise_condensation
O-alkyl derivative of phenol
phenol-derived molecules. However, this synthesis risks the self-condensation of alcohol itself (e.g. ethanol self-condenses to form diethyl ether). A more common
Phenol_ether
Chemical coupling reaction
where the carbonyl group is conjugated with the ylide preventing self condensation, although unexpectedly this gives mainly the cis product. The second
Wittig_reaction
Polymer produced via a condensation reaction
In polymer chemistry, condensation polymers are any kind of polymers whose process of polymerization involves a condensation reaction (i.e. a small molecule
Condensation_polymer
Chemical compound
is around 210 °C. In laboratory coumalic acid may be obtained by self-condensation of malic acid in fuming sulfuric acid: Wiley, Richard H.; Knabeschuh
Coumalic_acid
Chemical compound
Pentethylcyclanone can be prepared by alkylation of the anion of the self-condensation product of cyclopentanone with N-(2-chloroethyl)-morpholine. Dutta
Pentethylcyclanone
Chemical compound
compound undergoes the Claisen ester condensations. The advantage of using this compound is that unwanted self-condensation reactions are avoided. Like other
Diethyl_malonate
Class of chemical compounds
Common dehydrating agents include MgSO4 and Na2SO4. Methyl ketone self-condensation is a side-reaction which can be avoided through the addition of TiCl4
Enamine
Chemical compound
laboratory conditions, it is unstable, tending instead to undergo self-condensation. Aminoacetaldehyde diethylacetal is a stable surrogate. In nature
Aminoacetaldehyde
Chemical reaction
enolizable amides, as the resulting imidoyl chloride is unstable to self-condensation. Amide reduction Nitrile reduction Pinner reaction – a similar reaction
Stephen_aldehyde_synthesis
Chemical compound
Becker, James Y.; Ellern, Arkady; Khodorkovsky, Vladimir (2000). "Self-Condensation of 1,3-Indandione: A Reinvestigation". European Journal of Organic
Bindone
ISBN 981-238-813-3 Fleischer; E. B.; Klem, E. (1965). "The Structure of a Self-Condensation Product ofo-Aminobenzaldehyde in the Presence of Nickel Ions". Inorganic
Template_reaction
Russian Romantic composer, physician, and chemist (1833–1887)
Academy), and accepted a professorship of chemistry. He worked on self-condensation of small aldehydes in a process now known as the aldol reaction, the
Alexander_Borodin
Organic compound with the structure >C(O–)2
reflects the fact that low molecular weight aldehydes are prone to self-condensation such that the C=O bond is replaced by an acetal. The acetal formed
Acetal
Organic ring compounds with the formula C2H3N
hydrolyse to give aminoketones which are themselves susceptible to self-condensation. Dysidazirine, one of only a few naturally occurring azirines Azirinomycin
Azirine
Process in which disordered components form an organized structure or pattern
oxometalate ions first assemble non-covalently in solution, followed by a condensation reaction that covalently binds the assembled units. This process can
Self-assembly
Chain-growth polymerization without the ability to terminate
strategies were employed to minimize monomer-monomer reactions (or self-condensation) and polymerizations with low D and controllable Mn have been attained
Living_polymerization
Ability of porous media to condense liquid from an adsorbed vapor
In materials science and biology, capillary condensation is the "process by which multilayer adsorption from the vapor [phase] into a porous medium proceeds
Capillary_condensation
Method of synthesizing supramolecular assemblies
Boronic acid self-condensation or condensation with diols is a well-documented dynamic covalent reaction. The boronic acid condensation has the characteristic
Dynamic_covalent_chemistry
Chemical reaction
sterically hindered substrates, it is also possible for a base-catalyzed self-condensation (Cannizzaro reaction) to occur. A general scheme of the Cannizzaro
Henry_reaction
Substances that can repair themselves
sublimation from, and condensation onto the surface. This opposes earlier work that describes sintering of ice spheres by surface diffusion. Self-healing epoxies
Self-healing_material
Chemical compound
stable in alkaline solutions, but otherwise tends to polymerize by self-condensation. The compound was used as an intermediate in the synthesis of hexahydroporphine
2,5-Bis(hydroxymethyl)pyrrole
Process in mitosis and meiosis
Chromosome condensation refers to the process by which dispersed interphase chromatin is transformed into a set of compact, rod-shaped structures during
Chromosome_condensation
Class of chemical compounds
decrease the reaction rate. Heated imidoyl chlorides tend to undergo self-condensation if the imidoyl chloride has an α CH group, an effect retarded by bulky
Imidoyl_chloride
Chemical compound
alkaline conditions to 2-aminobenzaldehyde (or the products of its self-condensation) and formic acid and ammonia/ammonium. The pyrimidine ring resists
Quinazoline
Elastomer composed of silicone
systems as acidic, neutral, or alkaline. Two-part condensation systems package the cross-linker and condensation catalyst together in one part while the polymer
Silicone_rubber
Device that extracts drinkable water from humid air
producing potable water. Water vapor in the air can be extracted either by condensation — cooling the air below its dew point, exposing the air to desiccants
Atmospheric_water_generator
Molecular compound with applications in ceramics
Fabio (January 2020). "A Luminescent Polysilsesquioxane Obtained by Self-Condensation of Anionic Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsequioxanes (POSS) and Europium(III)
Silsesquioxane
nitrile anion must be high in order to mitigate processes involving self-condensation, such as the Thorpe–Ziegler reaction. Other important side reactions
Nitrile_anion
Addition reaction used to form C–C bonds
The faster pathway is self-condensation with another molecule of aldehyde to give benzoin products. However, benzoin condensation is completely reversible
Stetter_reaction
Breath-figure self-assembly is the self-assembly process of the formation of honeycomb micro-scaled polymer patterns by the condensation of water droplets
Breath-figure_self-assembly
Type of chemical reaction
368–369. Retrieved 19 January 2016. Tetrabutylammonium tribromide mediated condensation of carboxylic acids with alcohols Sarala Naik, Veerababurao Kavala, Rangam
Fischer–Speier_esterification
Hypothetical faster-than-light particle
but particle physicists still discuss "tachyons", e.g., in tachyon condensation, when they are referring to tachyonic fields. The term tachyon comes
Tachyon
Chemical reaction to form polymer chains
nitrogen or oxygen. Most step-growth polymers are also classified as condensation polymers, since a small molecule such as water is lost when the polymer
Polymerization
Compound derived from an acid
can further react, e.g., the Claisen condensation and its intramolecular equivalent, the Dieckmann condensation. This conversion is exploited in the malonic
Ester
Type of porous material
different geometries to create a 3-D polymer backbone is necessary, while self-condensation reactions occur in the homo-coupling of building blocks with similar
Conjugated microporous polymer
Conjugated_microporous_polymer
Phrase which conjures a specific image
A condensation symbol is "a name, word, phrase, or maxim which stirs vivid impressions involving the listener's most basic values and readies the listener
Condensation_symbol
Breathing gas supplied respirator carried by the user
helmet that pumped clean air across a pane of glass to reduce breathing condensation. Inspired by a fire accident they witnessed in a stable in England, the
Self-contained breathing apparatus
Self-contained_breathing_apparatus
Life arising from non-living matter
to condensation reactions to polymerise macromolecules. An older argument was that key polymers were encapsulated in vesicles after condensation, which
Abiogenesis
Species of lizard
following nighttime's extremely low temperatures and the subsequent condensation of dew. The process involves moisture contact, their hydrophilic skin
Thorny_devil
Lemma in constructibility theory
In set theory, a branch of mathematics, the condensation lemma is a result about sets in the constructible universe. It states that if X is a transitive
Condensation_lemma
Category of polymers, in which the monomers are joined together by ester links
the condensation product continuously and efficiently from the reaction medium in order to drive the equilibrium towards polymer. The condensation product
Polyester
Chemical compound
the reagent triethylamine. Benzo[c]fluorenone-9 (4) is generated by self-condensation of 2H-inden-1-one, when heated. The final step is reduction of this
Benzo(c)fluorene
Physiological molecule and therapeutic drug
alcohol, and N-acetyl groups. These modifications include amidation, Ugi condensation, esterification, and etherification. Until the late 1970s, hyaluronic
Hyaluronic_acid
Thermodynamic phase transition energy
constant-temperature process—usually a first-order phase transition, like melting or condensation. Latent heat can be understood as hidden energy which is supplied or
Latent_heat
British chemist
his name. The Thorpe reaction is a chemical reaction described as a self-condensation of aliphatic nitriles catalyzed by base to form enamines. The Thorpe–Ziegler
Jocelyn_Field_Thorpe
Type of polymerization reaction mechanism
during these steps) and polycondensation (when the propagation steps are condensation reactions and molecules are evolved during these steps). Most natural
Step-growth_polymerization
Type of hydrogel
Self-healing hydrogels are a specialized type of polymer hydrogel. A hydrogel is a macromolecular polymer gel constructed of a network of crosslinked polymer
Self-healing_hydrogels
Chemical compound
first characterized. Aqueous vanadate (V) compounds undergo various self-condensation reactions. Depending on pH, major vanadate anions in solution include
Sodium_decavanadate
Physical and chemical properties of pure water
both H+ and OH− ions. Related to its amphoteric character, it undergoes self-ionization. The product of the activities, or approximately, the concentrations
Properties_of_water
Mathematical model of chemotaxis
ISSN 0031-9007. Livne, Nir; Koler, Moriah; Vaknin, Ady (2024-08-21). "Collective condensation and auto-aggregation of Escherichia coli in uniform acidic environments"
Keller–Segel_system
Initial step in the phase transition or molecular self-assembly of a substance
formation of either a new thermodynamic phase or structure via self-assembly or self-organisation within a substance or mixture. Nucleation is typically
Nucleation
Ring molecule able to hold other molecules within itself
macrocycles derived from the condensation of pyrogallol (1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene) with an aldehyde. Resorcinarenes and pyrogallolarenes self-assemble to give supramolecular
Resorcinarene
Central nervous system stimulant prodrug
breastmilk. Lisdexamfetamine is an inactive prodrug that is formed by the condensation of L-lysine, a naturally occurring amino acid, and dextroamphetamine
Lisdexamfetamine
Chemical compound (CH2)3(CHO)2
solutions exists as a collection of hydrates, cyclic derivatives, and condensation products, several of which interconvert. Because the molecule has two
Glutaraldehyde
Appliance used for drying wet clothes
such as those of hospitals. Just as in a tumble dryer, condenser or condensation dryers pass heated air through the load. However, instead of exhausting
Clothes_dryer
Military transport tiltrotor
"Japan Self-Defense Force Accepts Delivery of First V-22 Osprey Megan Eckstein July 14, 2020". 14 July 2020. "Defense Ministry studies Osprey use by Self-Defense
Bell–Boeing_V-22_Osprey
1977 work by Heinz Kohut
analyzing them does not yield any significant results. Freudian concepts of condensation, displacement, symbolization and secondary revision are not relevant
The_Restoration_of_the_Self
Soft water-rich polymer gel
assemblies, usually observed for oligopeptide precursors. The precursors self-assemble into fibers, tapes, tubes, or ribbons that entangle to form non-covalent
Hydrogel
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
2000, p. 83. Maier, Paul L. (1995). Josephus, the essential works: a condensation of Jewish antiquities and The Jewish war. Kregel. p. 285. ISBN 978-0-8254-3260-6
Jesus
Hungarian-American chemist
adduct of L-ascorbic acid to methyl vinyl ketone: its remarkable self-condensation and other reactions". Canadian Journal of Chemistry. 65: 131–136.
Gábor_Fodor_(chemist)
Overview of and topical guide to organic chemistry
Acyloin condensation Aldol condensation Benzoin condensation Claisen condensation Claisen-Schmidt condensation Darzens condensation Dieckmann condensation Fischer-Speier
Outline_of_organic_chemistry
Mechanical harvesting of water from fog
The setup is known as a fog fence, fog collector or fog net. Through condensation, atmospheric water vapour from the air condenses on cold surfaces into
Fog_collection
Topological quantum error correcting code
Levin, Michael A. and Xiao-Gang Wen (12 January 2005). "String-net condensation: A physical mechanism for topological phases". Physical Review B. 71
Surface_code
Self-cleaning properties
ultrahydrophobic properties that funnel condensation and rainwater into a basin for release to a growing plant's roots. Although the self-cleaning phenomenon of the
Lotus_effect
video game titles released for Atari 8-bit computers, sorted alphabetically.[self-published source?] There are 2179 games on this list. There are 27 games
List of Atari 8-bit computer games
List_of_Atari_8-bit_computer_games
"white-skinned") Jung, trait ("young") Hahn, "rooster", or possibly a condensation of Johannes Schubert, occupation (shoemaker), derived from Middle High
List of the most common surnames in Germany
List_of_the_most_common_surnames_in_Germany
Particle with size less than 100 nm
There are several methods for creating nanoparticles, including gas condensation, attrition, chemical precipitation, ion implantation, pyrolysis, hydrothermal
Nanoparticle
Richard Trethewey arrives with a stainless steel flue liner to prevent condensation from the highly efficient gas furnace from forming in the old chimneys
List of This Old House episodes (seasons 11–20)
List_of_This_Old_House_episodes_(seasons_11–20)
Quantum field that enables consistent quantization
ensure mathematical consistency in gauge theories. If a given theory is self-consistent by the introduction of ghosts, these states are labeled "good"
Ghost_(physics)
Song by Evelyn Evelyn
to film condensation on glass for several weeks. On the day of shooting, the camera was unable to adequately capture footage of the condensation, so the
Have You Seen My Sister Evelyn?
Have_You_Seen_My_Sister_Evelyn?
Directed graph with no directed cycles
arbitrary directed graph may also be transformed into a DAG, called its condensation, by contracting each of its strongly connected components into a single
Directed_acyclic_graph
Qualities, beliefs, personality, looks and/or expressions that distinguish a person
Carey, H. C. & McLean, K. (1864). Manual of social science; being a condensation of the "Principles of social science" of H.C. Carey, LL. D.. Philadelphia:
Identity_(social_science)
Online collaborative writing project
"SCP-1171" depicts a home that has windows covered in condensation; by writing in the condensation on the glass, it is possible to communicate with an extra-dimensional
SCP_Foundation
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
effects on the Earth's energy budget. Sulfate aerosols act as cloud condensation nuclei and lead to clouds that have more and smaller cloud droplets.
Climate_change
Theory of early changes in Jupiter's orbit
edge of the planetesimal disk might have been located at the silicate condensation line at this time. The formation of planetesimals closer than Mercury's
Grand_tack_hypothesis
Self-starting process that is supposed to proceed without external input
In general, bootstrapping usually refers to a self-starting process that is supposed to continue or grow without external input. Many analytical techniques
Bootstrapping
Critical temperature of miscibility in a mixture
ATRP RAFT Nitroxide-mediated radical polymerization Step polymerization Condensation polymerization Addition polymerization Classification Functional type
Upper critical solution temperature
Upper_critical_solution_temperature
SELF CONDENSATION
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