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Look up salt-effect distillation in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Salt-effect distillation is a method of extractive distillation in which a salt is dissolved
Salt-effect_distillation
Topics referred to by the same term
Entanglement distillation Extractive distillation Fractional distillation Multi-stage flash distillation Reactive distillation Salt-effect distillation Spinning
Distillation_(disambiguation)
Separation process used to purify sea water
Multiple-effect distillation or multi-effect distillation (MED) is a distillation process often used for sea water desalination. It consists of multiple
Multiple-effect_distillation
Water desalination process
low-grade waste heat. Marine flash distillers Multi-effect distillation Multiple-effect distillation Reverse osmosis Reverse osmosis plant Regenerative
Multi-stage flash distillation
Multi-stage_flash_distillation
Removal of salts from water
troops, using six-effect distillation. Desalination technology advanced significantly after World War II. Thermal methods such as multi-effect flash and multi-stage
Desalination
Method of separating mixtures
Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete
Distillation
Desalination technique powered by solar energy
include multiple-effect humidification (MEH), multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), multiple-effect distillation (MED), multiple-effect boiling (MEB),
Solar_desalination
Apparatus for efficiently boiling water by recycling waste heat from steam
stage. Marine use of compound evaporators Multi-stage flash distillation Multi-effect distillation R. L. Earle. "Unit Operations in Food Processing". Archived
Multiple-effect_evaporator
Thermally driven separation process
Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process in which separation is driven by phase change. A hydrophobic membrane presents a barrier
Membrane_distillation
Low-pressure and low-temperature distillation method
Vacuum distillation or distillation under reduced pressure is a type of distillation performed under reduced pressure, which allows the purification of
Vacuum_distillation
Mixture of liquids whose proportions do not change when distilled
of two or more liquids whose proportions cannot be changed by simple distillation. This happens because when an azeotrope is boiled, the vapour has the
Azeotrope
Water treatment process
The low-temperature distillation (LTD) technology is the first implementation of the direct spray distillation (DSD) process. The first large-scale units
Low-temperature_distillation
Water and power company in Saudi Arabia
scaling and corrosion caused by the high salt content of seawater. Like multi-stage flash, multi-effect distillation used heat to evaporate and condense water
Saudi_Water_Authority
Ammonium carbonate used to restore consciousness after fainting
distillation of an ammonia solution from shavings of harts' (deer) horns and hooves led to the alternative name for smelling salts as spirit or salt of
Smelling_salts
Simplest secondary alcohol
from water and other by-products by distillation. Isopropyl alcohol and water form an azeotrope, and simple distillation gives a material that is 87.9% by
Isopropyl_alcohol
Process of producing goods
in another Distillation is the purification of volatile substances by evaporation and condensation Batch distillation Continuous distillation Fractional
Industrial_processes
Alcoholic drink produced by distillation
distilled spirit, or spirituous liquor are alcoholic drinks produced by the distillation of grains, fruits, vegetables, or sugar that have already gone through
Liquor
Antler of male red deer
is a crude chemical product obtained from the destructive distillation of deer antlers. Salt of hartshorn refers to ammonium carbonate, an early form of
Hartshorn
Weak organic acid
An example of the former, a salt is trisodium citrate; an ester is triethyl citrate. When citrate trianion is part of a salt, the formula of the citrate
Citric_acid
Distilled alcoholic beverage from Mexico
sap for thousands of years. Pulque is fermented, not distilled. The distillation technology to produce mezcal from agave heart juice was first introduced
Tequila
Evaporation method
transfer could take place. It is also sometimes called vapor compression distillation (VCD). If compression is performed by a mechanically driven compressor
Vapor-compression_evaporation
Chemical compound
controlled. 3 C2H5OH + PI3 → 3 C2H5I + H3PO3 The crude product is purified by distillation. "iodoethane - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center
Ethyl_iodide
Machine transforming a liquid into a gas
source of heat such as steam or combustion gases directed over the tubes Distillation of vapor into an outlet piping system Heat is transferred to the liquid
Evaporator
Applied electric potential transport of salt ions
electrodialysis cells. Electrodialysis processes are different from distillation techniques and other membrane based processes (such as reverse osmosis
Electrodialysis
Water purification process
and nearly all new plants. Other plants use thermal distillation methods: multiple-effect distillation, and multi-stage flash. Sea-water RO (SWRO) desalination
Reverse_osmosis
Process of removing ice, snow, or frost from a surface
salt brines or solids. These compounds are often generated as byproducts of agricultural operations such as sugar beet refining or the distillation process
Deicing
Water from a sea or an ocean
water from seawater using processes such as vacuum distillation or multi-stage flash distillation in an evaporator, or, more recently, reverse osmosis
Seawater
High-proof liquor, generally made illicitly
disassembled from an electric water boiler. A plastic still is a device for distillation specially adapted for separating ethanol and water.[citation needed]
Moonshine
Substance within a material that differs from its chemical composition
physical means. A mixture of water and salt can be separated by distillation, with water as the distillate and salt as the solid residue. This is done by
Chemical_impurity
Chemical compound
hydrogen sulfate, is the sodium salt of the bisulfate anion, with the molecular formula NaHSO4. Sodium bisulfate is an acid salt formed by partial neutralization
Sodium_bisulfate
Israeli company
primarily on thermal desalination technologies, particularly Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) and Mechanical Vapor Compression (MVC). From the 2000s onward
IDE_Technologies
Alchemical still
alchemical still consisting of two vessels connected by a tube, used for distillation of liquids. The complete distilling apparatus consists of three parts:
Alembic
Organic compound (C6H5NH2); simplest aromatic amine
colored, oxidized impurities. Aniline can be diazotized to give a diazonium salt, which can then undergo various nucleophilic substitution reactions. Like
Aniline
Situation where cities are warmer than surrounding areas
The urban heat island (UHI) effect is a meteorological and climatological phenomenon in which urban areas experience significantly warmer temperatures
Urban_heat_island
Type of nuclear reactor that uses molten material as fuel
vacuum distillation. The lower boiling point fluorides like uranium tetrafluoride and the LiF and BeF carrier salt can be removed by distillation. Under
Liquid fluoride thorium reactor
Liquid_fluoride_thorium_reactor
Removing positive ions from hard water
pellet softening, and sequestration by the addition of chelating agents. Distillation and reverse osmosis are the most widely used two non-chemical methods
Water_softening
Cocktail of vodka and tomato juice
horseradish, celery, olives, pickled vegetables, salt, black pepper, lemon juice, lime juice and celery salt. Some versions of the drink, such as the "surf
Bloody_Mary_(cocktail)
Membrane used for water purification
other water treatment technologies, including Forward osmosis, membrane distillation, and electrodialysis. The first viable reverse osmosis membrane was made
Thin-film_composite_membrane
Water purification process
or pre-treat the feedwater to multi stage flash (MSF) or multiple effect distillation (MED) plants by osmotically diluting the recirculating brine with
Forward_osmosis
Chemical compound
to remove any inhibitors by extraction (phenolic inhibitors) or via distillation. To prevent inhibition by dissolved oxygen, monomers should be carefully
Poly(methacrylic_acid)
Water deionization technique
low or moderate salt concentration (below 10 g/L). Other technologies for the deionization of water are, amongst others, distillation, reverse osmosis
Capacitive_deionization
Type of chemical substance
the salt "by giving it a concrete or solid form." Most acids known in the 18th century were volatile liquids or "spirits" capable of distillation, whereas
Base_(chemistry)
Radiant light and heat from the Sun, harnessed with technology
in Coimbatore, India, used for drying marigolds.[needs update] Solar distillation can be used to make saline or brackish water potable. The first recorded
Solar_energy
Chemical compound
(Latin: sal ammoniacum fixum) because it was synthesized during the distillation of ammonium chloride with lime and was nonvolatile (while the former
Calcium_chloride
Mechanism occurring in nature and mimicked in industry and engineering
or even solid powders, or any combination of those. For example, in a distillation column, the vapors bubble up through the downward flowing liquid while
Countercurrent_exchange
One of the five basic tastes
Roininen K, Lähteenmäki L, Tuorila H (September 1996). "Effect of umami taste on pleasantness of low-salt soups during repeated testing". Physiology & Behavior
Umami
Change which affects the form of an object/substance, but not its chemical composition
such as low molecular weight alcohols, can be separated by fractional distillation. The mixing of different metal elements is known as alloying. Brass is
Physical_change
Form of petroleum primarily used in road construction
For the manufactured material, which is a refined residue from the distillation process of selected crude oils, bitumen is the prevalent term in much
Bitumen
Edible chemical compound
curative properties of smoke; they get it out of wood and they get it by distillation and it turns out to be a substance like, if not exactly identical with
Liquid_smoke
Foods, eating habits, and cooking methods of the Middle Ages
apple-like taste". The ancient Greeks and Romans knew of the technique of distillation, but it was not practiced on a major scale in Europe until after the
Medieval_cuisine
Industrial water treatment chemical
Gypsum and Silica Scaling in the Presence of Antiscalants during Membrane Distillation". doi:10.1021/acs.est.0c07190.s001. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires
Antiscalant
Discomfort following alcohol consumption
during fermentation, and it can be accidentally concentrated by improper distillation techniques. Metabolism of methanol produces some extremely toxic compounds
Hangover
Job of removing snow
with salt brines or solids. These compounds are generated as byproducts of agricultural operations, such as sugar beet refining or ethanol distillation. A
Snow_removal
Egyptian desalination project
of food inside the IBTS. In sea-water systems the biomass is created from salt-tolerant plants called halophytes. Biomass yields of up to 52 tons per hectare
IBTS_Greenhouse
Chemical compound
which forms a salt with the amine. The amine is liberated by addition of sodium hydroxide and can then be recovered by fractional distillation. Diethylenetriamine
Ethylenediamine
Simplest dicarboxylic acid. (COOH)2
regarding the acid liquid, which furnished for us sorrel salt as pure as commercial distillations, [it] produces a phenomenon, that evidently something in
Oxalic_acid
Thermal decomposition of materials
atmospheric carbon dioxide. Dry distillation, as in the original production of sulfuric acid from sulfates. Destructive distillation, as in the manufacture of
Pyrolysis
Process of removing impurities from water
used include physical processes such as filtration, sedimentation, and distillation; biological processes such as slow sand filters or biologically active
Water_purification
Chemical compound
hours. This treatment, followed by removal of the aqueous layer and distillation from P2O5, gives a product that contains >99 mol % NfF with near quantitative
Perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride
Perfluorobutanesulfonyl_fluoride
Chemical separation of spent nuclear fuel
carrier salt like lithium fluoride or sodium fluoride is being used as a solvent, high-temperature distillation is a way to separate the carrier salt for
Nuclear_reprocessing
Refrigerator that uses a heat source
variant uses air, water, and a salt water solution. The intake of warm, moist air is passed through a sprayed solution of salt water. The spray lowers the
Absorption_refrigerator
Addition of fluoride to a water supply to reduce tooth decay
toothpaste has little effect on cavities. The effectiveness of salt fluoridation is about the same as that of water fluoridation, if most salt for human consumption
Water_fluoridation
Ethanol produced from corn biomass
Fuel Standard. Corn ethanol is produced by ethanol fermentation and distillation. It is debatable whether the production and use of corn ethanol results
Corn_ethanol
Salty runoff contaminating freshwater ecosystems
between salt and pH, nutrients, metals, and base cations is not adequately known, though may exacerbate existing issues to negatively effect water quality
Freshwater_salinization
Necessary infrastructure used to maintain a facility
desalination include reverse osmosis, multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), and multi-effect distillation (MED). Thermal technologies such as MSF and MED are
Physical_plant
Chemical compound
Calcium lactate is a white crystalline salt with formula C 6H 10CaO 6, consisting of two lactate anions H3C(CHOH)CO2– for each calcium cation Ca2+ . It
Calcium_lactate
Soft calcium sulfate mineral
can also be important considerations in distillation, as well as in heat exchangers, where either the salt solubility or concentration can change rapidly
Gypsum
Structure that repeats in time; a novel type or phase of non-equilibrium matter
processes can produce materials with interesting properties, such as diamonds, salt crystals, and ferromagnetic metals. By analogy, a time crystal arises through
Time_crystal
Substance with high latent heat of melting or solidifying
amounts of aromatics or other toxic fractions of petroleum refining, as distillation is not usually complete. As such, PCMs must be selected and applied very
Phase-change_material
the process of using geothermal energy to power the process of converting salt water to fresh water. The process is considered economically efficient, and
Geothermal_desalination
Chemical compound
separation and purification of the product is carried out by multistage distillation in rectification columns. DMA is obtained with essentially quantitive
Dimethylacetamide
Heterocyclic aromatic organic compound
der trocknen Destillation thierischer Materien" [Products of the dry distillation of animal matter]. Annalen der Chemie und Pharmacie (in German). 70:
Pyridine
Overview of history and methods to produce NH3
Before the start of World War I, most ammonia was obtained by the dry distillation of nitrogenous vegetable and animal products; by the reduction of nitrous
Ammonia_production
Technology using sunlight for heat
make drinking water in areas where clean water is not common. Solar distillation is necessary in these situations to provide people with purified water
Solar_thermal_energy
Solar power in Spain
qualification of parabolic trough collectors, named CAPSOL. A 14-stage multi-effect distillation (MED) plant. A multiple solar detoxification and disinfection application
Plataforma_Solar_de_Almería
Chemical compound
soon spirit of the salt of urine deposits as crystals in the "helmet" [i.e., the outlet for the vapours, which is atop the distillation flask] ...) See also:
Ammonia
Self-contained, easily transported units used to purify water from untreated sources
higher pHs re-dissolve the metal salts. Salt is difficult to remove except by reverse osmosis or distillation. Most portable treatment processes focus
Portable_water_purification
civilization, which existed from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE. One of the earliest distillation of Ittar was mentioned in the Hindu Ayurvedic text Charaka Samhita and
History_of_perfume
Organic compound with at least one hydroxyl (–OH) group
adding salt to boiling wine, which increases the wine's relative volatility, the flammability of the resulting vapors may be enhanced. The distillation of
Alcohol_(chemistry)
Beer brewed in part with wheat
Georges Lacambre, Traité complet de la fabrication de bières et de la distillation des grains, pommes de terre, vins, betteraves, mélasses, etc., Brussel
Wheat_beer
Chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide
one of the processes assumed to accompany pyrolysis and destructive distillation. Overall, decarboxylation depends upon stability of the carbanion synthon
Decarboxylation
Genus of grasses
Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) Essential Oil by Vacuum Fractional Distillation". Processes. 9 (4): 593. doi:10.3390/pr9040593. ISSN 2227-9717. de Souza
Cymbopogon
Inorganic compound (SOCl2)
thionyl chloride in many of its reactions. They may be separated by distillation, since thionyl chloride boils at a much lower temperature than phosphoryl
Thionyl_chloride
Technique of separating salts from water
commercially used since the early 1960s. An electric current migrates dissolved salt ions, including fluorides, nitrates and sulfates, through an electrodialysis
Electrodialysis_reversal
Chemical element with atomic number 40 (Zr)
analogous hafnium derivative. Fractional distillation of the tetrachlorides, also called extractive distillation, is also used. Vacuum arc melting, combined
Zirconium
Microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in the Earth's atmosphere
spray, emitting particulates such as volcanic ash, desert dust, soot and sea salt. Human-contributed (anthropogenic) particulate matter accounts for the remaining
Particulate_matter
Industry (branch), which is engaged in the manufacturing of chemical products
separated using a variety of techniques including distillation especially fractional distillation, precipitation, crystallization, adsorption, filtration
Chemical_industry
Poisoning caused by mercury chemicals
very low doses are unclear. Forms of mercury exposure include metal, vapor, salt, and organic compound. Most exposure is from eating fish, amalgam-based dental
Mercury_poisoning
Alloy of copper and zinc
patented a technique for the first industrial scale distillation of metallic zinc known as distillation per descencum or "the English process". This local
Brass
Chemical element with atomic number 17 (Cl)
solution; thus hydrochloric acid cannot be concentrated beyond this point by distillation. Unlike hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous liquid hydrogen chloride is difficult
Chlorine
Chemical compound
High purity glycerol (greater than 99.5%) is obtained by multi-step distillation; a vacuum chamber is necessary due to its high boiling point (290 °C)
Glycerol
weight of the metal, 27. This amalgam quickly separates in air, and by distillation, in an inert atmosphere, gives a lump of metal which in color and luster
History_of_aluminium
Chemical compound
which is also confirmed by the formation of deoxyaspergillic acid by dry distillation with copper chromite catalyst.[citation needed] Bromination of aspergillic
Aspergillic_acid
Process of separating molecules
In fact, it is lower in comparison with the needed in the multi effect distillation (MED) and mechanical vapour compression (MVC) processes. The main
Dialysis_(chemistry)
Chemical compound
(see below) and separated the products, including MEA, by fractional distillation, for the first time studying their properties. None of the ethanolamines
Ethanolamine
Species of flowering plant
Anise essential oil can be obtained from the fruits by either steam distillation or extraction using supercritical carbon dioxide. The yield of essential
Anise
Early modern branch of medicine
the rest." Willis derived many of his conclusions from observations on distillation. It was eventually realized that these explanations were not accurate
Iatrochemistry
Substance dissolving a solute resulting in a solution
is used which can destroy the peroxides, they will concentrate during distillation, due to their higher boiling point. When sufficient peroxides have formed
Solvent
Chemical element with atomic number 36 (Kr)
atmosphere is about 1 ppm. It can be extracted from liquid air by fractional distillation. The amount of krypton in space is uncertain, because measurement is
Krypton
Class of chemical compounds
soap, or a fatty acid salt, are added. The reaction is carried out at 130-135 °C. Propylene glycol is removed through distillation under vacuum at above
Sucrose_esters
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