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New Zealand chess player (born 1956)
Robert Wayne Smith (born 15 March 1956, Auckland, New Zealand) is a chess player who holds the title of FIDE Master (FM). Smith has represented New Zealand
Robert W. Smith (chess player)
Robert_W._Smith_(chess_player)
Topics referred to by the same term
changed their name to Stacey Smith? Robert W. Smith (chess player) (born 1956), New Zealand chess FIDE Master Robert Rowland Smith (born 1965), British lecturer
Robert_Smith
American chess grandmaster (1943–2008)
Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he won
Bobby_Fischer
Traditional board game for two players
Chess is a board game for two players, played on a square board consisting of 64 squares arranged in an 8×8 grid. The players, referred to as "White"
Chess
This list of chess players includes people who are primarily known as chess players and have an article on the English Wikipedia. Jacob Aagaard (Denmark
List_of_chess_players
describe chess moves. For a list of: unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece; terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;
Glossary_of_chess
Methods for describing chess moves and/or positions
Chess Federation, the international chess governing body. Chess notation is used in chess literature, and by players keeping a record of an ongoing game
Chess_notation
following people have all been grandmasters (GM) of chess. The title has been awarded since 1950 to players who have met the standards required by the sport's
List_of_chess_grandmasters
solidification of the modern rules of chess, the game continued to carry consistent prestige and public interest. While numerous players have been characterized as
List of World Chess Championships
List_of_World_Chess_Championships
(1978). Sicilian Najdorf Polugaevsky Variation. The Chess Player. ISBN 0-906042-09-7. Adams, Weaver W. (1939). White to Play and Win. Ishi Press (2007 ed
List_of_chess_books_(A–F)
Finding an optimal algorithm for playing chess
Solving chess consists of finding an optimal strategy for the game of chess; that is, one by which one of the players (White or Black) can always force
Solving_chess
Chess in Wyoming refers to competitive chess played within the state of Wyoming. As of June 2026, Wyoming only has 90 players registered with the United
Chess_in_Wyoming
The Oxford Companion to Chess lists 1,327 named openings and variants. Chess players' names are the most common sources of opening names. The name given
List of chess openings named after people
List_of_chess_openings_named_after_people
1857–1923 series of chess tournaments
The American Chess Congress was a series of chess tournaments held in the United States, a predecessor to the current U.S. Chess Championship. It had
American_Chess_Congress
This is a list of chess books that are used as references in articles related to chess. The list is organized by alphabetical order of the author's surname
List_of_chess_books_(T–Z)
Chess opening
Sicilian Defence date back to the late 16th century by the Italian chess players Giulio Polerio and Gioachino Greco. It was extremely popular in the
Sicilian_Defence
Smith 1902 - J. J. O'Hanlon The Ulster Chess Union was founded in 1932 and relaunched the Ulster Championship. 1933 - William John Allen 1934 - W. J
Ulster_Chess_Championship
Argument in combinatorial game theory
positional game. Philidor, 1777 There is a class of chess positions called Zugzwang in which the player obligated to move would prefer to "pass" if this
Strategy-stealing_argument
List of works about the American chess champion
2008) was an American chess prodigy who rose to prominence during the 1950s and 1960s. In 1972, Fischer defeated the Soviet player Boris Spassky to become
Bibliography_of_Bobby_Fischer
American investment banker (1886–1950)
(February 16, 1886 – May 27, 1950) was an American investment banker, chess player and patron, art collector, environmentalist, and philanthropist. In 1927
Maurice_Wertheim
Nigel Short (born 1965), chess player Becky Smethurst, astrophysicist Barry Smith (born 1952), ontologist Gerard Corley Smith (1909–1997), diplomat, environmentalist
List of people educated at Bolton School
List_of_people_educated_at_Bolton_School
German chess player (1862–1934)
March 1862 – 17 February 1934) was a German chess player, considered to have been among the strongest players and most influential theoreticians of the
Siegbert_Tarrasch
December 15, 2021. Timothy W. Finin at DBLP Bibliography Server Tim Finin publications indexed by Google Scholar "UMBC chess takes its place as a dynasty
List of University of Maryland, Baltimore County people
List_of_University_of_Maryland,_Baltimore_County_people
University Chess Society
The Oxford University Chess Club (OUCC) was founded at the University of Oxford in 1869. It is the oldest university chess club in the United Kingdom.
Oxford_University_Chess_Club
American mathematician (1878–1956)
Society. 21 (4): 202–204. doi:10.1090/S0002-9904-1915-02609-1. LCK as a chess player Mathematics Genealogy Louis C. Karpinski Mathematics Textbook Database
Louis_Charles_Karpinski
Game where a certain player can force a win with perfect play
current chess engines). However, with perfect play, it remains unsolved as to whether the game is a first-player win (White), a second-player win (Black)
First-player and second-player win
First-player_and_second-player_win
Game whose outcome can be correctly predicted
will allow it to play perfectly after some point in the game. Computer chess programs are well known for doing this. Awari (a game of the Mancala family)
Solved_game
1984 musical by Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson and Tim Rice
Chess is a 1986 musical with music by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus of the pop group ABBA, lyrics by Ulvaeus and Tim Rice, and book by Rice. The story
Chess_(musical)
This is a list of chess books that are used as references in articles related to chess. The list is organized by alphabetical order of the author's surname
List_of_chess_books_(M–S)
British chess player – Owen's Defence. Robert Owen, Welsh social reformer and activist – Owenism. Top A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
List_of_eponyms_(L–Z)
Chess competition in Australia
Australian chess players, although it is common to allow a small number of strong overseas players to compete. The highest-scoring eligible player (frequently
Australian_Chess_Championship
Structured form of play
aim of chess is to checkmate, but although it is expected that players will try to checkmate each other, it is not a rule of chess that a player must checkmate
Game
Game related to chess
A chess variant is any board game related to, derived from, or inspired by orthodox chess. Chess variants can differ from standard chess in many different
Chess_variant
Name list
businessman and media executive Sidney Norman Bernstein (1911–1992), American chess player Sidney Bryan Berry (1926–2013), US Army general officer Sidney Bowman
Sidney_(given_name)
American chess organization
Correspondence Chess Federation (ICCF) for the territory of the United States of America. The organization was formed in 1909 as Correspondence Chess League of
ICCF_U.S.A.
Iveta Apkalna (born 1976) – organist Fricis Apšenieks (1894–1941) – chess player Vija Artmane (1929–2008) – actress Aspazija, pen-name of Elza Pliekšāne
List_of_Latvians
American blues musician (1912–1965)
In 1972, Chess released This Is My Story, a compilation album featuring Williamson's recordings for the label. It was later included in Robert Christgau's
Sonny_Boy_Williamson_II
American jazz musician (1915–2016)
Robert C. Bushnell (September 3, 1915 – January 31, 2016) was an American bass player and guitarist who has appeared on dozens of albums and singles as
Bob_Bushnell
In board games that cannot end in a draw, one of the two players has a winning strategy
the theorem for the example game of chess in 1913. Zermelo's theorem can be applied to all finite-stage two-player games with complete information and
Zermelo's theorem (game theory)
Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory)
the club was the Rev. John Henry Smith, the Vicar of Milverton, The secretary was the Rev W S Temple. In 1858, the "Chess Association" as it now styled itself
Leamington_chess_club
Subfield of set theory
tic-tac-toe, chess, or infinite chess, or games with imperfect information such as poker. The first sort of game we shall consider is the two-player game of
Determinacy
(chess master, nine-time British champion; the H.E. Atkins tournament is run annually in Leicester) Mark Hebden (chess grandmaster) Glenn Flear (chess
List of people from Leicester and Leicestershire
List_of_people_from_Leicester_and_Leicestershire
Correspondence chess title
International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster is a correspondence chess title created by FIDE in 1953, second only to that of world correspondence champion
International Correspondence Chess Grandmaster
International_Correspondence_Chess_Grandmaster
Academic discipline
can make a game fair for one player when it would be unfair for them with classical strategies. Quantum Chess Quantum Chess was first developed by a graduate
Quantum_game_theory
Zealand Chess Championship is an annual open tournament played to determine the country's chess champion. It is organised by the New Zealand Chess Federation
New Zealand Chess Championship
New_Zealand_Chess_Championship
Surname list
American football player Frederic C. Lane (1900–1984), U.S. historian Frederick Lane (1888–1969), Australian swimmer Gary Lane (chess player) (born 1964),
Lane_(surname)
The Soviet Union–United States radio chess match of 1945 was a chess match between the United States and the USSR that was conducted over the radio from
Soviet Union–United States radio chess match of 1945
Soviet_Union–United_States_radio_chess_match_of_1945
Condition in economics and game theory
examples of games with imperfect information. Chess is an example of a game with perfect information, as each player can see all the pieces on the board at all
Perfect_information
Concept in game theory
of players provides. The synergy is the unique function w : 2 N → R {\displaystyle w\colon 2^{N}\to \mathbb {R} } , such that v ( S ) = ∑ R ⊆ S w ( R
Shapley_value
papers of W.D. Hamilton. Volume 1 Evolution of Social Behaviour. Basingstoke New York: W H Freeman. pp. 198–227. ISBN 9780716745303. Maynard Smith, John;
List_of_game_theorists
Illustrated FMJD WCDF ratings page Chess Arbiter Pro Draughts FMJD KNDB FMJD KNDB KNDB USA Checkers KNDB Old Time Players USA checkers World Draughts federation
List_of_draughts_players
Search algorithm
algorithm used commonly for machine playing of two-player combinatorial games (Tic-tac-toe, Chess, Connect 4, etc.). It stops evaluating a move when at
Alpha–beta_pruning
Name list
German chess grandmaster and papyrologist Robert "Bobby" Hull (1939–2023), Canadian ice hockey player who is regarded as one of the greatest players of all
Robert
sociologist Preston Ward (1927–2013), American baseball player Preston Ware (1821–1890), American chess player Preston Washington (1948–2003), American religious
Preston_(given_name)
American game inventor
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Robert Abbott. Robert Abbott's website Remembering Robert Abbott Gathering4Gardner Chess Variants interview Theseus and
Robert_Abbott_(game_designer)
Branch of game theory about two-player sequential games with perfect information
expert Go players a choice of sides and then defeat them either way. Another game studied in the context of combinatorial game theory is chess. In 1953
Combinatorial_game_theory
American blues pianist (1913–2011)
have known Robert Johnson. Bruce Iglauer, founder of Chicago's Alligator Records, stated Perkins was "absolutely the premier blues piano player." He added
Pinetop_Perkins
American actor
original Broadway cast of Chess. Both roles earned him Tony Award nominations for Best Actor in a Musical: in 1988 for Chess and again in 1990 for Grand
David_Carroll_(actor)
Class of games where players choose their actions sequentially
unlike the static matrices of simultaneous games. Examples include chess, infinite chess, backgammon, tic-tac-toe, and Go, with decision trees varying in
Sequential_game
Notion in combinatorial game theory
"Space-state complexity of Korean chess and Chinese chess". arXiv:1507.06401 [math.GM]. Chorus, Pascal. "Implementing a Computer Player for Abalone Using Alpha-Beta
Game_complexity
Level of information in economics and game theory
game. A game of chess is a commonly given example to illustrate how the lack of certain information influences the game, without chess itself being such
Complete_information
1968 studio album by Muddy Waters
direction The Howlin' Wolf Album Gordon, Robert. "Notes: Electric Mud, After the Rain, Marshall Chess and the Players". Can't Be Satisfied. Pp. 348-349. 0-316-32849-9
Electric_Mud
inductee Jim Young – first Canadian college football player drafted into the NFL (Minnesota Vikings) Robert Arntfield – Canadian intensivist and medical educator
List of Queen's University people
List_of_Queen's_University_people
D'Autremont, 80, French chess player. Arthur Randolph Kelly, 79, American archaeologist. Yuri Krylov, 49, Soviet Olympic ice hockey player (1956). Johnny Priest
Deaths_in_November_1979
Model of conflict for two players in game theory
W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-31035-3. Fink, E.C.; Gates, S.; Humes, B.D. (1998). Game Theory Topics: Incomplete Information, Repeated Games, and N-Player Games
Chicken_(game)
Trigger strategy
iterated game. In Robert Axelrod's book The Evolution of Cooperation, grim trigger is called "Friedman", for a 1971 paper by James W. Friedman, which uses
Grim_trigger
Simultaneous game found in game theory
describes the situation where a player will earn a higher payoff when they select the same course of action as another player. The game is not one of pure
Coordination_game
Name list
F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Bobby Abreu (born 1974), Venezuelan-American Major League Baseball player Bobby Äikiä (1995–2006), Swedish boy
Bobby_(given_name)
Mathematical models of strategic interactions
Application of Set Theory to the Theory of the Game of Chess), which proved that the optimal chess strategy is strictly determined. The work of John von
Game_theory
Name list
Bruce McPhail (1937–2020), New Zealander rugby union player Bruce Pandolfini (born 1947), American chess author, teacher, and coach Bruce Prichard (born 1963)
Bruce
Surname list
power pioneer and author, builder of the Smith–Putnam wind turbine Phelps Putnam (1894–1948), American poet Robert D. Putnam (born 1941), American political
Putnam_(surname)
Chess league in United States
comprised twenty teams, whose members included some of the highest-rated chess players in the United States. Participants in the last season included Wesley
United_States_Chess_League
Chess tournament in Charlotte, US
addressed as follows: Players would play two blitz chess games at 3 minutes plus 2 seconds per move. If three or four players had tied, a single round-robin
Naroditsky_Memorial_2026
Hand game for two or more players
just Sticks)[citation needed] is a hand game for two or more players, in which players extend a number of fingers from each hand and transfer those scores
Chopsticks_(hand_game)
Game theory scenario
Terminal investment hypothesis Key people John Maynard Smith George R. Price William Donald Hamilton Robert Axelrod Mechanism design Core concepts Algorithmic
Win–win_game
English academic
automaton chess player, and the following year published An attempt to Analyze the Automaton Chess Player, in which he showed how a human player could be
Robert_Willis_(engineer)
Name list
Murray Smith (New Zealand politician), in office 2002–2005 Murray Robert Smith (1941–2009), New Zealand Labour Party politician & MP Robert Murray Smith (1831–1921)
Murray_(given_name)
Governor of Washington since 2025
Bobby FIDE Chess Profile - Players Arbiters Trainers". FIDE. Retrieved January 30, 2026. "US Chess MSA - Member Details (General)". US Chess. Retrieved
Bob_Ferguson_(politician)
New Love") and musician (Lipps Inc.) Bill Goichberg, 83, Hall of Fame chess player Kay Granger, 83, politician, mayor of Fort Worth (1991–1995) and member
2026 deaths in the United States
2026_deaths_in_the_United_States
Concept in game theory
" While a player might make a threat, it is only deemed credible if it serves the best interest of the player. In other words, the player would be willing
Non-credible_threat
Concept in game theory
ISSN 0002-8282. JSTOR 2118074. Stahl, Dale O.; Wilson, Paul W. (1 July 1995). "On Players′ Models of Other Players: Theory and Experimental Evidence" (PDF). Games
Focal_point_(game_theory)
American jazz, blues, and rock and roll pianist (1924–2005)
tunes, a reworking of Bob Wills's version of "Ida Red", to Chess Records in 1955. The Chess brothers liked the song. Soon, the trio were in Chicago recording
Johnnie_Johnson_(musician)
American actor and director (1936–2025)
Charles Robert Redford Jr. (August 18, 1936 – September 16, 2025) was an American actor, director, and producer, celebrated for his magnetic presence as
Robert_Redford
American sportswriter, broadcaster, and author (1934–2001)
Bobby Fischer, who was at the time a 12-year-old chess prodigy, and would later become a world chess champion. In 2005, prompted by questions posed by
Dick_Schaap
A strategic move in game theory is an action taken by a player outside the defined actions of the game in order to gain a strategic advantage and increase
Strategic_move
Pairing where no unchosen pair prefers each other over their choice
doi:10.1145/3188745.3188848. ISBN 978-1-4503-5559-9. MR 3826305. Irving, Robert W.; Leather, Paul (1986). "The complexity of counting stable marriages".
Stable_matching_problem
English historian (1821–1862)
author of an unfinished History of Civilization and a strong amateur chess player. He is sometimes called "the Father of Scientific History". Buckle, the
Henry_Thomas_Buckle
Decision rule used for minimizing the possible loss for a worst-case scenario
example: The row player can get a maximum value of 4 (if the other player plays R) or 5 (if the other player plays L), so: v r o w ¯ = 4 . {\displaystyle
Minimax
Solution concept of a non-cooperative game
complexity of the game, for instance in Chinese chess. Or, if known, it may not be known to all players, as when playing tic-tac-toe with a small child
Nash_equilibrium
School in Chicago, Illinois, United States
listed in the United States Chess Federation. Mark Aguirre (attended), – DePaul and NBA player. Alf Bauman – NFL player. Roy Brown – puppeteer and performer-"Cooky
Austin Community Academy High School
Austin_Community_Academy_High_School
Economic Model
Terminal investment hypothesis Key people John Maynard Smith George R. Price William Donald Hamilton Robert Axelrod Mechanism design Core concepts Algorithmic
Bertrand–Edgeworth_model
Combinatorial game theory theorem
(1939). For the purposes of the Sprague–Grundy theorem, a game is a two-player sequential game of perfect information satisfying the ending condition (all
Sprague–Grundy_theorem
Situation where total gains match total losses
like poker, chess, sport and bridge where one person gains and another person loses, which results in a zero-net benefit for every player. In the markets
Zero-sum_game
"fictitious player" as a player with only one strategy, added to an n-player game to turn it into a (n + 1)-player zero-sum game. Brown, George W. (1951)
Fictitious_play
Enhancement of Alpha–Beta game tree search
OPEN list for storage) and nowadays most chess engines still use a form of NegaScout in their search. Most chess engines use a transposition table in which
Principal_variation_search
Time 100 Greatest NHL Players Australian rugby league's 100 greatest players Big Three (tennis) Comparison of top chess players throughout history FIFA
List of sports figures considered the greatest
List_of_sports_figures_considered_the_greatest
polo player (1952). Don Smith, 73, Canadian ice hockey player (New York Rangers). Edward Spotovich, 86, American football and basketball player. Doyle
Deaths_in_September_2002
Australian rules footballer (born 1982)
Reidy 26. Haynes 27. Pittonet 28. Charleson* 29. Hewett 30. Ison 31. Chesser 32. Carroll* 33. L. Young 34. Monahan* 35. Dean 36. Lord* 37. Boyd 38.
Josh_Fraser
Variation of minimax game tree search
view of the node's current player rather than an absolute score. For example, the heuristic evaluation function in chess should return a positive value
Negamax
Surname list
player Arthur A. Wilder (1873–1917), American judge A. E. Wilder-Smith (1915–1995), British chemist Bert Wilder (1939–2012), American football player
Wilder_(surname)
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER
ROBERT W-SMITH-CHESS-PLAYER