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Hypothetical electric circuit
A reference circuit is a hypothetical electric circuit of specified equivalent length and configuration, and having a defined transmission characteristic
Reference_circuit
Voltage reference used in integrated circuits
The Brokaw bandgap reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circuits, with an output voltage around 1.25 V that exhibits low
Brokaw_bandgap_reference
Reference voltage independent of temperature
A bandgap voltage reference is a voltage reference circuit widely used in integrated circuits. It produces an almost constant voltage corresponding to
Bandgap_voltage_reference
Location identifier for a circuit component
A reference designator (RefDes) unambiguously identifies the location of a component within an electrical schematic or on a printed circuit board. The
Reference_designator
Electronic device producing a fixed voltage
integrated circuits. The most common voltage reference circuit used in integrated circuits is the bandgap voltage reference. A bandgap-based reference (commonly
Voltage_reference
Theoretical construct in circuit theory
electric circuit. Each supernode contains two nodes, one non-reference node and another node that may be a second non-reference node or the reference node
Supernode_(circuit)
Graphical representation of an electrical circuit
electronic schematic) is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit. A pictorial circuit diagram uses simple images of components, while a schematic diagram
Circuit_diagram
American semiconductor manufacturer
Reference circuits are smaller, modular designs that are more broadly applicable than application-specific reference designs. Each reference circuit is
Analog_Devices
Type of electrical circuit
crowbar circuit, the LM431 adjustable zener regulator controls the gate of the TRIAC. The resistor divider of R1 and R2 provides the reference voltage
Crowbar_(circuit)
Consumer electronics retailer
Circuit City Corporation, Inc., formerly Circuit City Stores, Inc., was an American consumer electronics retail company, which was founded in 1949 by Samuel
Circuit_City
Reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured
electrical engineering, ground or earth may refer to reference ground – a reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured, earth ground
Ground_(electricity)
identifying the circuit that has the issue by giving the LEC that circuit ID reference. The LEC would refer to their internal records for this circuit ID to take
Circuit_ID
Adjustable linear voltage regulator
analogues of the LM317. Bandgap voltage reference Brokaw bandgap reference List of LM-series integrated circuits U.S. Patent 4176308.: "Voltage Regulator
LM317
Electrical resonant circuit
An LC circuit, also called a resonant circuit, tank circuit, or tuned circuit, is an electric circuit consisting of an inductor, represented by the letter
LC_circuit
Diode that allows current to flow in the reverse direction at a specific voltage
voltages and to provide reference voltages for circuits, especially stabilized power supplies. They are also used to protect circuits from overvoltage, especially
Zener_diode
In telecommunications, reference noise is the magnitude of circuit noise chosen as a reference for measurement. Many different levels with a number of
Reference_noise
Automatic circuit protection device
A circuit breaker is an electrical safety device designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by current in excess of that which the equipment
Circuit_breaker
1920 film by Roy William Neill
name by E.J. Rath. The film was released by First National Exhibitors' Circuit in August 1920. Mary Wayne is a resilient and attractive protagonist who
Good_References
Race track in Italy
The Monza Circuit, officially called the Autodromo Nazionale Monza (Italian for 'Monza National Autodrome'), is a 5.793 km (3.600 mi) race track near
Monza_Circuit
Protective electronic circuit
In electronics, a clipper is a circuit designed to prevent a signal from exceeding a predetermined reference voltage level. A clipper does not distort
Clipper_(electronics)
Fixed potential node in an electric circuit
circuit that is maintained at a steady reference potential, without being connected directly to the reference potential. In some cases the reference potential
Virtual_ground
Motorsport race track near Spa, Belgium
The Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps (French pronunciation: [siʁkɥi də spa fʁɑ̃kɔʁʃɑ̃]), informally referred to as Spa, is a 7.004 km (4.352 mi) motor-racing
Circuit_de_Spa-Francorchamps
Process in electronic design automation
with the layout and the logic network, the user can cross-reference any point in the circuit to its equivalent points in the logic and layout (cross-probing)
Circuit_extraction
Electronic circuit that fixes voltage
A clamper (or clamping circuit or clamp) is an electronic circuit that fixes either the positive or the negative peak excursions of a signal to a defined
Clamper_(electronics)
Indian motor racing circuit
The Buddh International Circuit is an Indian motor racing circuit situated in Jaypee Sports City, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh. The track shares its name
Buddh_International_Circuit
Race track in Quebec, Canada
The Circuit Trois-Rivières is a street circuit in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada. The circuit has been the home of the annual Grand Prix de Trois-Rivières
Circuit_Trois-Rivières
Electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors
A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors. It may be driven by
RC_circuit
Electronic circuit used to implement two-state devices
A multivibrator is an electronic circuit used to implement a variety of simple two-state devices such as relaxation oscillators, timers, latches and flip-flops
Multivibrator
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
An integrated circuit (IC), also known as a microchip or simply chip, is a compact assembly of electronic circuits formed from various electronic components
Integrated_circuit
NASCAR Cup Series race at Circuit of the Americas
The DuraMAX Texas Grand Prix is a NASCAR Cup Series stock car race at Circuit of the Americas in Austin, Texas. Introduced in 2021, the race was one of
NASCAR Cup Series at Circuit of the Americas
NASCAR_Cup_Series_at_Circuit_of_the_Americas
Wisconsin circuit courts were established by Article VII of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified May 8, 1848. There were originally five numbered circuit courts—each
List of Wisconsin circuit court judges
List_of_Wisconsin_circuit_court_judges
Electronic circuit with two signal transmission lines of matching impedance
ground (or some other reference). That is, the signals are inverted with respect to each other. A balanced circuit is a circuit where the two sides have
Balanced_circuit
Electrical circuit with negligible impedance
A short circuit (sometimes abbreviated to "short" or "s/c") is an electrical circuit that allows an electric current to travel along an unintended path
Short_circuit
control (ZCC), or burst-fire control, is an approach for electrical control circuits that starts operation with the AC load voltage at close to 0 volts in the
Zero-crossing_control
Car racing street circuit in California, US
The Long Beach Street Circuit is a street circuit opened in 1975, located in Long Beach in California. The circuit hosts the Grand Prix of Long Beach in
Long_Beach_Street_Circuit
Motorsports complex in Mirabel, Quebec
18, 2017. "Circuit ICAR". Ultimate Racing History. Retrieved 6 September 2013. Official Site Circuit ICAR race results at Racing-Reference ICAR Le Club
Circuit_ICAR
Race track in Istanbul, Turkey
"Turkish Corkscrew" in reference to the famous Corkscrew at WeatherTech Raceway Laguna Seca. Both the 2006 F1 and MotoGP races at the circuit featured multiple
Istanbul_Park
Reference model for network communication
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides
OSI_model
Venues central to Black American culture in the 1930s–'70s
The Chitlin' Circuit was a collection of performance venues found throughout the eastern, southern, and upper Midwest areas of the United States. They
Chitlin'_Circuit
Large dance event
A circuit party is a large dance event. It extends through the night and into the following day, almost always with a number of affiliated events in the
Circuit_party
Motorsport track in Japan
鈴鹿国際レーシングコース, Hepburn: Suzuka Kokusai Rēsingu Kōsu), a.k.a. the Suzuka Circuit (鈴鹿サーキット, Suzuka Sākitto), is a 5.807 km (3.608 mi) long motorsport race
Suzuka_Circuit
first planar monolithic integrated circuit (IC) chip was demonstrated in 1960. The idea of integrating electronic circuits into a single device was born when
Invention of the integrated circuit
Invention_of_the_integrated_circuit
Motor vehicle
fastest lap by an electric vehicle for the Circuit of the Americas, Shanghai International Circuit and the Circuit Paul Ricard tracks. It also set the record
Nio_EP9
Type of voltage regulator
common for voltage reference circuits. A shunt regulator can usually only sink (absorb) current. For example, the following circuit is a simple shunt voltage
Linear_regulator
Determining all voltages and currents within an electrical network
supernode is used for circuits with independent voltage sources. Label all nodes in the circuit. Arbitrarily select any node as reference. Define a voltage
Network analysis (electrical circuits)
Network_analysis_(electrical_circuits)
Linear integrated circuit precision shunt regulator
The TL431 integrated circuit (IC) is a three-terminal adjustable precise shunt voltage regulator. With the use of an external voltage divider, a TL431
TL431
Electronic current integrator
during the specified time period. The circuit therefore acts as a charge-to-voltage converter. The gain of the circuit depends on the values of the feedback
Charge_amplifier
Assemblage of connected electrical elements
capacitances). An electrical circuit is a network consisting of a closed loop, giving a return path for the current. Thus all circuits are networks, but not
Electrical_network
Philosophical concept by Timothy Leary
The eight-circuit model of consciousness is a holistic model originally presented as psychological philosophy (abbreviated "psy-phi") by Timothy Leary
Eight-circuit model of consciousness
Eight-circuit_model_of_consciousness
Neural circuit
The Papez circuit /peɪpz/,[unreliable source?] or medial limbic circuit, is a neural circuit for the control of emotional expression. In 1937, James Papez
Papez_circuit
Motorsport venue in Morocco
The Ain-Diab Circuit (Arabic: دارة عين الذئاب, romanized: Dārat A'ayn a-Thia'āb) was a Formula One road circuit built in 1957, southwest of Ain-Diab in
Ain-Diab_Circuit
The "lecture circuit" is a euphemistic reference to a planned schedule of regular lectures and keynote speeches given by celebrities, often ex-politicians
Lecture_circuit
A reference design is a technical design of a system that is intended for others to copy. It contains the essential elements of the system; however, third
Reference_design
Street circuit in Tokyo, Japan
The Tokyo Street Circuit is a 2.575 km (1.600 mi) street circuit located around the Tokyo International Exhibition Centre in the Japanese capital that
Tokyo_Street_Circuit
Representation of an integrated circuit's components as planar shapes
integrated circuit design, integrated circuit (IC) layout, also known IC mask layout or mask design, is the representation of an integrated circuit in terms
Integrated_circuit_layout
Motorsport race track in Montreal, Canada
The Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, also spelled Circuit Gilles-Villeneuve (French pronunciation: [siʁ.kɥi ʒil vilnœv]), is a 4.361 km (2.710 mi) motor racing
Circuit_Gilles_Villeneuve
Temporary race track in Monte Carlo, Monaco
The Circuit de Monaco is a 3.337 km (2.074 mi) street circuit laid out on the city streets of Monte Carlo and La Condamine around the harbour of the Principality
Circuit_de_Monaco
Programming language for embedded electronics
MicroPython into variants such as CircuitPython. CircuitPython is targeted to be compatible with CPython, the reference implementation of the Python programming
CircuitPython
American electronics engineer (1937–1991)
Design of Band-Gap Reference Circuits: Trials and Tribulations. Originally published in the IEEE Proceedings of the 1990 Bipolar Circuits and Technology Meeting
Bob_Widlar
Reconnaissance satellite – Record medium – Reference antenna – Reference circuit – Reference clock – Reference noise – Reference surface – Reflection coefficient
Index_of_electronics_articles
Race track
The Masaryk circuit (Czech: Masarykův okruh) or Masarykring, also referred to as the Brno Circuit, refers to two motorsport race tracks located in Brno
Brno_Circuit
Set of analog electronic circuits on a single semiconductor
A linear integrated circuit or analog chip is a set of miniature electronic analog circuits formed on a single piece of semiconductor material. The voltage
Linear_integrated_circuit
Defunct Swedish motorsport race track
Hedemora Circuit was a motorsport race track located in Hedemora, Sweden. In 1958, it hosted the first Swedish motorcycle Grand Prix of MotoGP. The circuit closed
Hedemora_Circuit
Two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference
Kirchhoff's circuit laws are two equalities that deal with the current and potential difference (commonly known as voltage) in the lumped element model
Kirchhoff's_circuit_laws
Series of poker tournaments
The 2005–06 World Series of Poker Circuit is the 2nd annual World Series of Poker Circuit. "2005-06 WSOP Circuit Tournament Schedule". WSOP.com. 2005-09-06
2005–06 World Series of Poker Circuit
2005–06_World_Series_of_Poker_Circuit
Electronic control system
sinusoid is proportional to time. Typically, the reference sinewave drives a step recovery diode circuit to make this impulse train. The resulting impulse
Phase-locked_loop
Type of transistor amplifier
it may be tied to ground reference or a power supply rail), hence its name. The analogous field-effect transistor circuit is the common drain amplifier
Common_collector
Method of testing electronic circuits
In-circuit testing (ICT) is an example of white box testing where an electrical probe tests a populated printed circuit board (PCB), checking for shorts
In-circuit_testing
Device used to synchronize a circuit
resonant circuit and an amplifier. The resonant circuit is usually a quartz piezo-electric oscillator, although simpler tank circuits and even RC circuits may
Clock_generator
Motor race
Focused Health 250". racing-reference.info. Racing Reference. Retrieved February 28, 2026. Circuit of the Americas race results at Racing-Reference v t e
NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series at Circuit of the Americas
NASCAR_O'Reilly_Auto_Parts_Series_at_Circuit_of_the_Americas
The prospective short-circuit current (PSCC), available fault current, or short-circuit making current is the highest electric current which can exist
Prospective short-circuit current
Prospective_short-circuit_current
Type of miniature electronic circuit
A hybrid integrated circuit (HIC), hybrid microcircuit, hybrid circuit or simply hybrid is a miniaturized electronic circuit constructed of individual
Hybrid_integrated_circuit
Circuit, because the Fourth Circuit merged into the Third Circuit in 1943. The largest and most important of the circuit courts is the First Circuit in
Hawaii_state_circuit_court
American racing driver (1938–2026)
He held the Guinness book of world records for fastest time on a closed circuit for many years.[citation needed] Brickhouse died on July 24, 2026, at the
Richard_Brickhouse
Electrical wiring technique
In electricity supply, a ring circuit is an electrical wiring topology in which power is distributed through a continuous cable ring. Each conductor of
Ring_circuit
Motorsport street circuit in Macau
The Guia Circuit, or Circuito da Guia, is a 6.120 km (3.803 mi) street circuit located at the southeast region of the Macau Peninsula in Macau. It is
Guia_Circuit
Model of computational complexity
Boolean circuits that compute them. A related notion is the circuit complexity of a recursive language that is decided by a uniform family of circuits C 1
Circuit_complexity
transmission system, the ratio of the circuit noise at that point to an arbitrary level chosen as a reference. The circuit noise level is usually expressed
Circuit_noise_level
Telecommunications connection selection method
Circuit switching is a method of implementing a telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a dedicated communications channel (circuit)
Circuit_switching
Motorsport track in France
Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours is a 4.411 km (2.741 mi) motor racing circuit located in central France, near the towns of Magny-Cours and Nevers, some
Circuit_de_Nevers_Magny-Cours
Equivalent circuit for an electrochemical reaction
In electrochemistry, a Randles circuit is an equivalent electrical circuit that consists of an active electrolyte resistance RS in series with the parallel
Randles_circuit
Electrical wiring technique
electricity supply design, a radial circuit is a fundamental and commonplace electrical wiring circuit arrangement in which a circuit from a distribution board
Radial_circuit
Electronic circuit simulator software
CircuitLogix is a software electronic circuit simulator which uses PSpice to simulate thousands of electronic devices, models, and circuits. CircuitLogix
CircuitLogix
transistor circuit that serves as a voltage reference. It consists of one transistor and two resistors, and the reference voltage across the circuit is determined
Rubber_diode
1993–2008 American system-on-a-chip company
headquartered in Austin, Texas, that designed AV media player/recorder SoCs, reference circuit boards, SoC software development kits built around a custom cooperative
SigmaTel
Two-terminal electronic component
used for breakdown voltages above that value. In practical voltage reference circuits, Zener and switching diodes are connected in series and opposite directions
Diode
Analog-to-digital converter that uses an op-amp integrator
basic integrating ADC circuit consists of an integrator, a switch to select between the voltage to be measured and the reference voltage, a timer that
Integrating_ADC
Former street circuit located on the Montjuïc mountain in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
The Montjuïc Circuit was a street circuit located on the Montjuïc mountain in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The circuit was also the venue for the Spanish
Montjuïc_Circuit
Shipboard public address circuits used by the United States Navy
Problems playing this file? See media help. 1 Main Circuit (1MC) is the shipboard public address circuits on United States Navy and United States Coast Guard
1_Main_Circuit
Thermometer used in electronic equipment
V_{BE}={\frac {kT}{q}}\cdot \ln \left(N\right)\,} An electronic circuit, such as the Brokaw bandgap reference, that measures ΔVBE can therefore be used to calculate
Silicon bandgap temperature sensor
Silicon_bandgap_temperature_sensor
Device that compares two voltages or currents
null detector circuit compares two input voltages: an unknown voltage and a reference voltage, usually referred to as vu and vr. The reference voltage is
Comparator
Jiangnanxidao (Chinese: 江南西道, Circuit of Western Jiangnan; Gan: Kongnomsitau) was a southern circuit of Tang Empire. It corresponds to part of present-day
Jiangnanxi_Circuit
Device to couple energy between circuits
that transfers electrical energy from one electrical circuit to another circuit, or multiple circuits. A varying current in any coil of the transformer produces
Transformer
Car race in British Columbia, Canada, 1990–2004
Indy Vancouver was an annual Champ Car race held on a temporary street circuit in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Running near BC Place and past
Molson_Indy_Vancouver
Type of analog-to-digital converter
analog circuit verification. The earliest implementations consisted of a reference ladder of well-matched resistors connected to a reference voltage
Flash_ADC
Race track in the United States
Bridgehampton Race Circuit was a race track located near Sag Harbor, New York, United States. The circuit opened in 1957, following a series of road races
Bridgehampton_Race_Circuit
reversible computing, an irreversible circuit is a circuit whose inputs cannot be reconstructed from its outputs. Such a circuit, of necessity, consumes energy
Irreversible_circuit
Electronic system for generating any of a range of frequencies
frequency synthesizer is an electronic circuit that generates a range of frequencies from a single reference frequency. Frequency synthesizers are used
Frequency_synthesizer
American test equipment manufacturer
Circuit Check is an American company with about 225 employees and seven direct operations in six countries (the U.S., Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom,
Circuit_Check
Tennis tournament
hardcourts. It was part of the International Tennis Federation (ITF) Women's Circuit, and since 2018 part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It was held annually in
Liuzhou_Open
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