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Early modern study of Dutch learning in Japan
Rangaku (Kyūjitai: 蘭學, English: Dutch learning), and by extension Yōgaku (Japanese: 洋学; "Western learning"), is a body of knowledge developed by Japan
Rangaku
Japanese isolationist policy from 1633–1853
scientific, technical and medical innovations flowed into Japan through Rangaku ("Dutch learning"). Trade with Korea was limited to the Tsushima Domain
Sakoku
Country in East Asia
and insurance of the Osaka rice brokers. The study of Western sciences (rangaku) continued through contact with the Dutch enclave in Nagasaki. The Edo
Japan
1868–1869 Japanese civil war
discusses the vibrancy of Edo period rangaku, and notes the competition in the early Meiji period for foreign experts and rangaku scholars. Timon Screech discusses
Boshin_War
Fusion of ideologies
Tokugawa shogunate. In addition, rational Confucianism stimulated Kokugaku, Rangaku and the non-official popular thought after the middle Edo period. In the
Japanese_philosophy
Japanese history from 1600 to 1868
During the period, Japan studied Western sciences and techniques (called rangaku, "Dutch studies") through the information and books received through the
Edo_period
Japanese physician and scholar (1733–1817)
his translation of Kaitai Shinsho (New Book of Anatomy) and a founder of Rangaku (Western learning) and Ranpō (Dutch style medicine) in Japan. He was one
Sugita_Genpaku
Air rifle
and also created an air gun based on the study of Western knowledge ("rangaku") acquired from the Dutch in Dejima. Kunitomo's invention of a new type
Kunitomo_air_gun
Japanese surgeon
medicine, as well as Western surgical techniques he had learned through Rangaku (literally "Dutch learning", and by extension "Western learning"). Hanaoka
Hanaoka_Seishū
Pre-modern study of China in Japan
study of China. Kangaku was the counterpart of kokugaku and Yōgaku or Rangaku. Scholars of kangaku are called kangakusha (漢学者). In modern Japan, sinology
Kangaku
Japanese physician
(桂川 甫周; 1751 – August 2, 1809) was a Japanese physician and scholar of rangaku (Western studies). He served the Tokugawa shogunate as a physician and
Katsuragawa_Hoshū
Japanese doctor
(箕作阮甫; October 5, 1799 – August 1, 1863) was a samurai, medical doctor, rangaku scholar, author and translator working for Tsuyama Domain during late Edo
Mitsukuri_Genpo
Former artificial island in Nagasaki
markets. Dejima consequently played a key role in the Japanese movement of rangaku (蘭學, Dutch learning), an organized scholarly effort to learn the Dutch
Dejima
Japanese politician and scholar
(漢学). He then started to study Western sciences ("rangaku") at the age of 33, with the help of the rangaku scholar Kurokawa Ryōan [jp] (黒川良安). In 1844, he
Sakuma_Shōzan
Japanese physician
洪庵; August 13, 1810 – July 25, 1863) was a Japanese medical doctor and rangaku scholar in late Edo period Japan, noted for establishing an academy which
Ogata_Kōan
Japanese rangaku scholar, engineer and inventor
1881) was a Japanese businessman, inventor, mechanical engineer, and rangaku scholar who was prominent during the Bakumatsu and early Meiji period in
Tanaka_Hisashige
author of popular fiction who also wrote a number of works in the field of rangaku (Western studies). He wrote under many pen names, including Manzōtei, Shinra
Morishima_Chūryō
Japanese Rangaku scholar and doctor
Kōmin (川本 幸民; 1810 – June 1, 1871) was a 19th-century Japanese scholar of Rangaku and doctor. His true name was Yutaka (裕), art name Yuken (裕軒). His father
Kawamoto_Kōmin
(伊東 玄朴; 11 February 1801 – 2 January 1871) was a Japanese surgeon and Rangaku expert living during the late Edo period and early Meiji era. He was the
Itō_Genboku
Japanese name for a type of generator
Japan inspired the country's first generation of electricity researchers. Rangaku Japanese words of Dutch origin Matsumura, Akira, ed. (5 September 2019)
Erekiteru
of Western learning in Japan known as rangaku (蘭学), or "Dutch learning", where the ran (蘭; "Dutch") in rangaku comes from Oranda, the Japanese word for
List of Japanese words of Dutch origin
List_of_Japanese_words_of_Dutch_origin
Defunct higher education institute in Osaka, Japan
ja:私塾, Hepburn: shijuku) of Dutch studies (Rangaku) in Osaka, Japan. Ogata Kōan, a doctor and scholar of Rangaku, established it in 1838 during the Tenpō
Tekijuku
Daimyo
the Fukuchiyama Domain and a scholar of numismatics and Dutch studies (rangaku). His childhood name was Tomojiro (斧次郎).[citation needed] Kutsuki was hereditary
Kutsuki_Masatsuna
Education from the Western world
Japan had established significant contact with Western knowledge through Rangaku (Dutch Learning). While maintaining its isolationist sakoku policy, Japan
Western_education
Ayasaburō (武田 斐三郎; November 4, 1827 - January 28, 1880), was a Japanese Rangaku scholar, and the architect of the fortress of Goryōkaku in Hokkaidō. Takeda
Takeda_Ayasaburō
study") refers to the 1839 suppression of scholars of Western Studies (rangaku) by the Edo Shogunate government of Japan. The incident was provoked by
Bansha_no_goku
Japanese artist (1747–1818)
forge the great master so well. He also was engaged in Western learning (Rangaku) in the field of astronomy. Like many other Edo period artists, Kōkan used
Shiba_Kōkan
Japanese anatomical text translated from Dutch and Latin
kind in Japan. On 4 March 1771, the eighth year of Meiwa, the students of Rangaku medicine Sugita Genpaku, Maeno Ryōtaku, Nakagawa Jun'an, et al., by studying
Kaitai_Shinsho
books brought into Japan stimulated interest in Western learning, called rangaku or "Dutch learning". The physician Sugita Genpaku, for instance, used concepts
History_of_Japan
Ruling class of Japan during the Meiji period (1868-1912)
United States, and Ōkuma Shigenobu (1838–1922), of Hizen, a student of Rangaku, Chinese, and English, who held various ministerial portfolios, eventually
Meiji_oligarchy
Japanese polymath and rōnin (c.1729–c.1780)
polymath and rōnin of the Edo period. He was a pharmacologist, student of Rangaku, author, painter and inventor well known for his Erekiteru (electrostatic
Hiraga_Gennai
Navy of Japan between 1868 and 1945
through intermediaries with Tsushima. The study of Western sciences, called "rangaku", through the Dutch enclave of Dejima in Nagasaki led to the transfer of
Imperial_Japanese_Navy
Late 18th-century Japanese screen
new artworks with a Western vanishing point, learning the technique from Rangaku or "Dutch Studies", and he employed his new skill with this screen. The
Cracked_Ice_screen
Genre of Japanese art
perspective drawing to Japan in the 1734, based on a Dutch text of 1644 (see Rangaku, "Dutch learning" during the Edo period); Chinese texts on the subject
Ukiyo-e
Japanese writer and philosopher (1835–1901)
critical of the feudal class system of Tokugawa Japan. He studied Dutch (Rangaku) and later taught himself English, eventually becoming an official translator
Fukuzawa_Yukichi
Japanese physician and botanist (1739–1786)
– 2 July 1786) was a Japanese medical doctor, botanist, and scholar of rangaku (Western learning). He was a junior colleague of Sugita Genpaku, with whom
Nakagawa_Jun'an
During the sakoku period, Japan studied Western sciences and techniques (rangaku) through Dutch traders in Dejima, including geography, medicine, natural
Economy_of_Japan
Confucian scholar
November 9, 1769) was a Confucian scholar, minor hatamoto and pioneer rangaku scholar in early Edo period Japan. He is also credited with introducing
Aoki_Konyō
1853–1867 final years of the Edo period of Japan
Meanwhile, Japan endeavoured to learn about foreign sciences through rangaku ("Western studies"). To reinforce Japan's capability to carry on the orders
Bakumatsu
Core city in Kyushu, Japan
and art. Consequently, Nagasaki became a major center of what was called rangaku, or "Dutch learning". During the Edo period, the Tokugawa shogunate governed
Nagasaki
French nobleman and chemist (1743–1794)
The work of Lavoisier was translated in Japan in the 1840s, through the process of Rangaku. Page from Udagawa Yōan's 1840 Seimi Kaisō
Antoine_Lavoisier
Japanese warrior class
Kōan Ogata, a samurai, physician and rangaku scholar in late Edo period Japan, noted for establishing an academy which later developed into Osaka University
Samurai
Anthropomorphic sexual device
this narrative, the Dutch either sold dolls to Japanese people during the Rangaku period, or vice versa. This concept derives however from the more banal
Sex_doll
Area studies focused on China
study of Japan (kokugaku) as well as with the study of the West (first rangaku, then more broadly yōgaku). This historical field is distinguished from
Sinology
Topics referred to by the same term
academic study of Dutch culture and language (Neerlandistiek) Japanese Rangaku This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Dutch
Dutch_studies
Japanese agricultural encyclopaedia
Monjuro, who studied Dutch and other Western knowledge in the context of Rangaku. The encyclopedia originally consisted of one hundred richly illustrated
Seikei_Zusetsu
1780–1841) was a Japanese civil engineer, inventor, gunsmith, and scholar of rangaku. Kume Michikata was born in 1780 to a family of farmers and sailors. His
Kume_Michikata
Japanese scientist (1798–1846)
22, 1846) was a 19th-century Japanese scholar of Western studies, or "Rangaku". In 1837, he published the first volume of his Introduction to Chemistry
Udagawa_Yōan
Administrative division in western Japan during the Edo period (1601-1871)
abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture. Rangaku scholar Ogata Kōan, who founded Tekijuku academy, the predecessor of Osaka
Ashimori_Domain
Prefecture capital and Designated city in Chūgoku, Japan
from the area. Premodern Eisai (Buddhist priest, 1141–1215) Kōan Ogata (Rangaku practitioner, 1810–1863) Hideie Ukita (Military commander, 1573–1655) Arts
Okayama
Overview of beer production and consumption in Japan
and knowledge of European food and drink circulated gradually through rangaku (Dutch learning). Beer was not widely available until the end of the 19th
Beer_in_Japan
Period of Japanese history (1830–1844)
physician Ogata Kōan founded an academy to teach medicine, healing and Rangaku, or Dutch Studies. The school was called Tekijuku, where distinction of
Tenpō
Japanese painter
in that city, teaching Shiba Kōkan among others. He was close with such rangaku scholars as Hiraga Gennai and Sugita Genpaku, and expressed an interest
Sō_Shiseki
Public university in Osaka, Japan
for local citizens founded in 1724, and the Tekijuku (適塾), a school of Rangaku for samurai founded by Ogata Kōan in 1838. The spirit of the university's
University_of_Osaka
German surgeon (1623–1706)
represents the first school of Western medicine in Japan and the beginning of rangaku, or Dutch studies. Schamberger grew up in war-torn Saxony. In 1637 he started
Caspar_Schamberger
Japanese physician
Kōgyū (吉雄 耕牛) was a Japanese physician and scholar of "Dutch studies" (Rangaku), and the chief Dutch translator in Nagasaki, often accompanying Dutch
Yoshio_Kōsaku
Prefecture), Nishimura was originally a Confucian scholar, but he studied rangaku as well. He supported the Tokugawa bakufu against the Meiji Restoration
Nishimura_Shigeki
Legendary object that washed ashore in Japan in 1803
Japan, as seen in the Rangakusha Shibai Mitate Banzuke ("Cast List of Rangaku Scholars as Kabuki Actors") included in Geikai Yoha Daiisshū, where they
Utsuro-bune
Star fort in Hakodate, Japan
Republic of Ezo. Goryōkaku was designed in 1855 by Takeda Ayasaburō, a Rangaku scholar. He studied the fortified cities of Europe in the early modern
Goryōkaku
Castle in Japan (1580–1871)
Doi Toshitada (1811–1869) implemented substantial reforms and introduced rangaku and western technology. Although a small domain, Ōno was noted in the Bakumatsu
Ōno_Castle_(Echizen_Province)
Chōei (高野 長英; June 12, 1804 – December 3, 1850) was a prominent scholar of Rangaku (western science) during the Bakumatsu period in Japan. Chōei was born
Takano_Chōei
Period of Japanese history (1804–1818)
pp. 117, 163. Sugita Genpaku. (1969). Dawn of Western Science in Japan: Rangaku Kotohajime, p. xvi. Online "Significant Earthquake Database" -- U.S. National
Bunka
Prime Minister of Japan (1898, 1914–1916)
He soon transferred to a branch school of the Kōdōkan that focused on Rangaku (Dutch studies), where he learned the Dutch language and studied Western
Ōkuma_Shigenobu
Period of Dutch history from 1588 to 1672
of scientific learning introduced from Europe became known in Japan as Rangaku or Dutch Learning. The Dutch were instrumental in transmitting to Japan
Dutch_Golden_Age
matters within the Japanese government, and was a strong proponent of rangaku studies to acquire military technology from the European powers. The domain
Japanese_warship_Asahi_Maru
subjects or in Western medicine, modern military science, gunnery, or Rangaku (Dutch studies), as European studies were called. Education of commoners
History_of_education_in_Japan
Japanese woodblock prints
accurately apply one point perspective to architecture than to landscape. Rangaku Yokohama-e Yōga (art) Hockley, p. 79 Bayou, Hélène (2004). Réunion des
Uki-e
Military ruler of Japan from 1837 to 1853
handling of foreign affairs led to the Bansha no goku in 1839, suppressing rangaku studies. Another part of the Reform included the Agechi-rei of 1843, which
Tokugawa_Ieyoshi
Western ideas in Joseon Korea
Persecution of 1801. Catholic Church in South Korea Korean Martyrs Matteo Ricci Rangaku Catholic Persecution of 1801 The Founding of Catholic Tradition in Korea
Seohak
Device that uses compressed air to fire projectiles
and also created an air gun based on the study of Western knowledge ("rangaku") acquired from the Dutch in Dejima. The Lewis and Clark Expedition (1804)
Air_gun
Japanese samurai (1836-1909)
began his career in the Shogunate at age 20, entering into Dutch studies (rangaku), and was posted as an instructor at the Nagasaki Naval Training Center
Arai_Ikunosuke
Shinto shrine in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan
Hiraga Gennai, a pharmacist from the Edo period who was also a student of Rangaku, a body of knowledge that was developed through Japan's limited association
Nitta_Shrine_(Ōta)
carpentry tools as a clan monopoly. In 1803, he opened a han school to teach rangaku western sciences, and invited a doctor trained in western medicine from
Suwa_Domain
Japanese politician (1846–1897)
a noted family of scholars working for the Tokugawa bakufu. He studied rangaku and received a posting to the Bansho Shirabesho, the Shōgun's research
Mitsukuri_Rinsho
Japanese organic chemist (1844-1929)
now Tokushima Prefecture, as the son of a doctor and started studying rangaku medicine at the Dutch Medical School of Nagasaki (Igaku-Denshujo) in 1864
Nagai_Nagayoshi
Han School in Japan, Japan
Ogasawara-ryū etiquette, Chinese medicine and martial arts alongside rangaku topics, including western medicine, military science and artillery. Unlike
Matsushiro Literary and Military School
Matsushiro_Literary_and_Military_School
Japanese painter and calligrapher born in Kyoto during the Edo period
calligraphic pieces, and also learned about Dutch art from a number of Rangaku (Dutch learning) scholars, including Noro Genjō. Taiga would continue to
Ike_no_Taiga
Japanese official and daimyo (1810–1864)
administrator, reforming the domain's finances, sponsoring studies of rangaku, especially western military science, and establishing the predecessor
Hotta_Masayoshi
Topics referred to by the same term
Aoki Konyō (1698 – 1769), Confucian scholar, minor hatamoto and pioneer rangaku scholar in early Edo period Japan Kunyang, Chinese town, once in Battle
昆陽
Japanese politician
Domain (present-day Okayama Prefecture). In his early days, he studied rangaku under Mitsukuri Gempo and military science under Sakuma Shozan. He became
Tsuda_Mamichi
by the Royal Navy frigate HMS Phaeton in 1808. Through the process of rangaku (the studying of Western science through the Dutch), airguns were developed
Firearms_of_Japan
Japanese general (1848–1909)
daimyō of Kokura Domain, in what is now Kitakyushu, Fukuoka. He studied rangaku under Egawa Hidetatsu and fought as a Kokura samurai against the forces
Ogawa_Mataji
Japanese politician
1866 he was adopted into the Maejima family. He was sent to Edo to study rangaku, medical science and English. In the Bakumatsu period he was considered
Maejima_Hisoka
1974 Japanese TV series or program
producer, switching to the NET-run ANN network. Itoi Mitsugu was a scholar of Rangaku but after Bansha no goku happened, he lives as a Shamisen player. He and
Kurayami_Shitomenin
Japanese politician (1836–1915)
he played an active part in the sonnō jōi movement. In 1858, he studied rangaku, artillery and swordsmanship in Edo. In the Bakumatsu period, Inoue emerged
Inoue_Kaoru
Japanese feudal lord (1815–1871)
an active hand in the development of Saga Domain, strongly supporting rangaku studies, especially in the fields of western medicine, weaponry and military
Nabeshima_Naomasa
mathematics, he was sent by the domain leaders to Edo, where he studied rangaku under noted military theorist Ōmura Masujirō. He served in the fledgling
Itō_Toshiyoshi
foreign countries (sakoku), books from China and Europe were imported, and Rangaku ("Dutch studies") became popular, especially in the field of natural sciences
Education_in_Japan
Japanese daimyō and chieftain (1813–1895)
batteries. Saitō Satsudō, the head of the domain academy, incorporated rangaku technology to build modern batteries and attempted to modernize the domain’s
Tōdō_Takayuki
Japanese politician
Hyōgo Prefecture), and studied military science under Sakuma Shōzan and rangaku under Oki Nakamasu in Edo. As an instructor at the Tokugawa bakufu's Bansho
Katō_Hiroyuki
commander of Shogunate troops in 1863, only at 24 years old. A student of rangaku and western military science, he decided that the Okazaki area was vulnerable
Tatsuoka_Castle
Japanese literary and philology scholar
(1810-1863), who founded the nation’s preeminent school of Dutch Learning (Rangaku) and Western medical techniques in Osaka, known as Tekijuku. Kõan invited
Hagiwara_Hiromichi
Japanese Samurai, Daimyo and Military ruler of Japan from 1716 to 1745
translations into Japan, and initiating the development of Western studies, or rangaku. Yoshimune's relaxation of the rules may have been influenced by a series
Tokugawa_Yoshimune
Japanese missionary
government permission. However, Niijima had read extensively on various rangaku topics, and was determined to go to America. At the age of 21, he entreated
Joseph_Hardy_Neesima
School of painting within the larger Japanese genre of ranga
understanding of perspective projection techniques. The school got its start when rangaku (Dutch studies) scholar Hiraga Gennai was invited to help advise the domain
Akita_ranga
developing new paddy fields and irrigation works, and encouraged research of rangaku to help resolve the domain's problems and ever-increasing debt. However
Tsugaru_Nobuaki
period, Japan progressively studied Western sciences and techniques (called rangaku, literally "Dutch studies") through the information and books received
Economic_history_of_Japan
Battle during the Boshin War
technological knowledge had already been entering Japan since around 1720 through rangaku, the study of Western sciences, and since 1853, the Tokugawa shogunate
Battle_of_Hakodate
Area in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan
Shogunate was nearing its end, Omura Masujiro opened in 1856 Kyukyodo (鳩居堂), a rangaku institute in his residence, located next to nowadays Chidorigafuchi National
Banchō
2012 single by Babymetal and Kiba of Akiba
programming, vocals Vava (VAVA) – drums Konyo Aoki (青木昆陽) – keyboard, Rangaku Norikazu Nakayama (Nakata Caos / 中田カオス) – lyrics Nobuaki Miyasaka (Mish-Mosh)
Babymetal_/_Kiba_of_Akiba
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