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Nebula surrounding a dying star
A protoplanetary nebula or preplanetary nebula (PPN, plural PPNe) is an astronomical object which is at the short-lived episode during a star's rapid evolution
Protoplanetary_nebula
Gas and dust surrounding a newly formed star
nebula. Protoplanetary disc AS 209 nestled in the young Ophiuchus star-forming region. Protoplanetary disk HH 212. By observing dusty protoplanetary discs
Protoplanetary_disk
Nebula in the constellation of Scorpius
(DUst-Prominent Longitudinally-EXtended) protoplanetary nebula. The spherical ring structures around the nebula were created throughout the asymptotic giant
Cotton_Candy_Nebula
Body of interstellar clouds
expected to spawn a planetary nebula about 12 billion years after its formation. A protoplanetary nebula or preplanetary nebula (PPN, plural PPNe) is an astronomical
Nebula
Diffuse nebula in the constellation Orion
gas and dust. Astronomers have directly observed protoplanetary disks and brown dwarfs within the nebula, intense and turbulent motions of the gas, and
Orion_Nebula
Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Centaurus
The Boomerang Nebula (canonical name ) is a bipolar reflection young planetary nebula located approximately 5,000 light-years from Earth in the constellation
Boomerang_Nebula
Planetary nebula in the constellation Carina
a temperature of 22,000 K. which suggest that the nebula might actually be a protoplanetary nebula. "Hen 3-401". SIMBAD. CDS. Retrieved 2 August 2026
Hen_3-401
Bipolar planetary nebula
Westbrook Nebula (CRL 618) is a bipolar protoplanetary nebula which is located around 3600 light years from Earth in the constellation of Auriga. It is
Westbrook_Nebula
Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Monoceros
red color and unique rectangular shape, is a protoplanetary nebula in the Monoceros constellation. The nebula was discovered in 1973 during a rocket flight
Red_Rectangle
Protoplanetary nebula
The Egg Nebula (also known as RAFGL 2688 and CRL 2688) is a bipolar protoplanetary nebula approximately 3,000 light-years away from Earth. Its peculiar
Egg_Nebula
Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation of Puppis
The Calabash Nebula, also known as the Rotten Egg Nebula or by its technical name OH 231.84 +4.22, is a protoplanetary nebula (PPN) 1.4 light-years (0
Calabash_Nebula
Type of emission nebula created by dying red giants
Low-Ionization Emission Region Nova remnant PG 1159 star (predegenerates) Protoplanetary nebula Supernova remnant White dwarf List of planetary nebulae While most
Planetary_nebula
Protoplanetary nebula in constellation Cygnus
IRAS 20068+4051 is a protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Cygnus. It has not yet become a complete planetary nebula, and it is still in the short-lived
IRAS_20068+4051
Protoplanetary nebula
The Frosty Leo Nebula is a protoplanetary nebula (PPN) located roughly at 3000 light-years away from Earth in the direction of the constellation Leo.
Frosty_Leo_Nebula
Large protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Aquila
IRAS 19024+0044, also known informally as the Starfish Nebula, is a large protoplanetary nebula that is located in the constellation Aquila at a distance
IRAS_19024+0044
Protoplanetary nebula
Roberts 22 is a protoplanetary nebula in the southern constellation Carina, located about 2,000 parsecs (6,500 lightyears) from Earth. A 12th magnitude
Roberts_22
This is a list of protoplanetary nebulae. These objects represent the final stage before a planetary nebula. During this stage, the red giant star begins
List of protoplanetary nebulae
List_of_protoplanetary_nebulae
Protoplanetary Nebula in the constellation Ara
The Water Lily Nebula, in the southern constellation of Ara, is a pre-planetary nebula in the process of developing to a planetary nebula. The central star
Water_Lily_Nebula
Astronomical theory about the Solar System
years to form, with the protoplanetary disk evolving into a planetary system over the next 10–100 million years. The protoplanetary disk is an accretion
Nebular_hypothesis
Protoplanetary nebula
J22053028+5321327, is a protoplanetary nebula located in the constellation Cepheus at approximately ~6,500 light-years from Earth. The nebula was created by the
IRAS_22036+5306
Topics referred to by the same term
Pedunculopontine nucleus Principal protected note, an investment contract Protoplanetary nebula Parameterized post-Newtonian formalism, for calculations on gravity
PPN
Grouping of evolved cool luminous stars
contains more carbon than oxygen Protoplanetary nebula – Nebula surrounding a dying star Planetary nebula – Type of emission nebula created by dying red giants
Asymptotic_giant_branch
Topics referred to by the same term
grapes, a sweet hybrid variety of table grape Cotton Candy Nebula, a protoplanetary nebula' Candyfloss (novel), a novel by Jacqueline Wilson Candy Floss
Cotton_candy_(disambiguation)
Large, low-density interstellar cloud of partially ionized gas
these wavelengths. Emission nebula Reflection nebula Astronomical object H I region Planetary nebula Protoplanetary nebula Astronomical spectroscopy Interstellar
H_II_region
Planetary nebula in the constellation Camelopardalis
Minkowski 4-18 (M 4-18) is a planetary nebula or protoplanetary nebula in the deep northern constellation of Camelopardalis. Distance estimates range
M4-18
Nebula was Like a Blender". The Planetary Society. Retrieved 2007-01-02. B. G. Elmegreen (1979). "On the disruption of a protoplanetary disc nebula by
Formation and evolution of the Solar System
Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System
Dust ring surrounding large stars thousands of solar radii wide
Orion Nebula Ricci, L.; et al. (2008). "The Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys Atlas of Protoplanetary Disks in the Great Orion Nebula". Astronomical
Proplyd
Nebula in the constellation Serpens
The Red Square Nebula is a celestial object located in the area of the sky occupied by star MWC 922 in the constellation Serpens. The first images of this
Red_Square_Nebula
Planetary nebula in the constellation Cygnus
thought to be a protoplanetary nebula with the central star too cool to ionize any of the gas, but it is now known to be a planetary nebula in the earliest
NGC_7027
transport in the upper atmosphere, and even planet formation from protoplanetary nebula. "Analyzing preferential concentration and clustering of inertial
Preferential_concentration
Protoplanetary disk in the constellation Cepheus
IRAS 23077+6707, also known as Dracula's Chivito, is a protoplanetary disk seen edge-on. The disk blocks the light of the young star, causing the dark
Dracula's_Chivito
the Sun's larger gravity. It includes fission in a protoplanetary nebula and excludes a solar nebula. Agglomerations of floccules, which are presumed to
History of Solar System formation and evolution hypotheses
History_of_Solar_System_formation_and_evolution_hypotheses
Constellation near the celestial equator
Owl Nebula in Ursa Major. It was discovered by William Herschel in 1788. NGC 6751, also known as the Glowing Eye, is a planetary nebula. The nebula is
Aquila_(constellation)
Emission nebula in the constellation Orion
The Flame Nebula is an emission nebula in the constellation Orion. Alternatively, it is designated as NGC 2024 and Sh2-277. It is about 1350 light-years
Flame_Nebula
Planet containing a significant amount of water or other liquid
planet formation or is gravitationally captured from the surrounding protoplanetary nebula. The surface temperature on an exoplanet is governed by the atmosphere's
Ocean_world
X-ray star in the constellation Aquila
magnetically collimated jet (a protoplanetary nebula). The star is in the early stages of becoming a planetary nebula, a process that will take several
W43A
Star in the constellation Cassiopeia
23304+6147 is a protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Cassiopeia, 16,000 light years away. The central star is a G-type supergiant. The nebula is carbon-rich
IRAS_23304+6147
Dispersion of gas by ionising radiation
it. The most famous region containing photoevaporated protoplanetary disks is the Orion Nebula. They were called bright proplyds and since then the term
Photoevaporation
Asterism in the constellation Orion
identifying previously unseen features of the nebula, such as high-ionization shocks, compact sources, and protoplanetary disks. Some studies have focused on the
Orion's_Sword
Astronomical object in Ophiuchus
The Flying Saucer (2MASS J16281370-2431391) is a protoplanetary disk in the Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex. The 2MASS source J16281370-2431391 was identified
Flying Saucer (protoplanetary disk)
Flying_Saucer_(protoplanetary_disk)
Solid objects in protoplanetary disks and debris disks
Planetesimals (/ˌplænɪˈtɛsɪməlz/) are solid objects thought to exist in protoplanetary disks and debris disks. Believed to have formed in the Solar System
Planetesimal
Accumulation of particles into a massive object by gravitationally attracting more matter
this gas is mostly in the form of molecular clouds, such as the Orion Nebula. As the cloud collapses, losing potential energy, it heats up, gaining kinetic
Accretion_(astrophysics)
Overview of the scientific field of astronomy
Instability strip Red clump PG 1159 star Mira variable Planetary nebula Protoplanetary nebula Luminous red nova Luminous blue variable Wolf–Rayet star Supernova
Outline_of_astronomy
22272+5435 V354 235858 22h 29m 10.37s +54° 51′ 06.4″ 9.00 G5Ia protoplanetary nebula, ΔV = 0.49m, P = 130 d Y Lac Y 235739 109340 22h 09m 02.90s +51° 02′ 45
List_of_stars_in_Lacerta
+33 2642 77716 15h 51m 59.89s +32° 56′ 54.3″ 10.73 33000 B2IVp protoplanetary nebula XO-1 16h 02m 11.84s +28° 10′ 10.43″ 11.30 652 Moldoveanu; has the
List of stars in Corona Borealis
List_of_stars_in_Corona_Borealis
Protoplanetary Nebula in the constellation of Cygnus
Footprint or the Footprint Nebula, is a bipolar protoplanetary nebula in the constellation of Cygnus. It is a type of reflection nebula, visible only by light
M1-92
Star in constellation Taurus
is too faint to be seen with the unaided eye. It is surrounded by a protoplanetary disk marked by dark bands visible in submillimeter radiation that may
HL_Tauri
Type of giant planet
massive star. In the Carina Nebula, EUV fluxes are approximately 100 times higher than in Trapezium's Orion Nebula. Protoplanetary disks are present in both
Ice_giant
Preplanetary nebula in Constellation Centaurus
to watch the early stages of planetary nebula formation, hence the name protoplanetary, or preplanetary nebula. IRAS 13208−6020 has a very clear bipolar
IRAS_13208−6020
Small Solar System body that is composed of two bodies
formed from the direct collapse of gas and dust from the surrounding protoplanetary nebula due to streaming instability. Through impacts and gravitational
Contact binary (small Solar System body)
Contact_binary_(small_Solar_System_body)
German-American astronomer
1073/pnas.46.1.13, PMC 284999, PMID 16590587 Also classified as a protoplanetary nebula according to Surendiranath & Kameswara Rao (1995). "Minkowski".
Rudolph_Minkowski
Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Antlia
interferometric survey with MIDI/VLTI: Resolving the second-generation protoplanetary disks around post-AGB binaries". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 599: A41
HR_4049
Protoplanetary disk on Orion
114-426 is a large protoplanetary disk seen in absorption in front of the emission of the Orion Nebula. It is one of the largest protoplanetary disks in the
Proplyd_114-426
Astronomical object
be a young A-type star surrounded by a protoplanetary disk. It was initially identified as a planetary nebula, and its distance was estimated to be approximately
Gomez's_Hamburger
Round grain found in chondrites, stony meteorites
heating, and the precursor material are not known. The solar nebula or a protoplanetary environment are possible places of formation. Proposed heating
Chondrule
Hypothetical formation of planetesimals
Sin-iti (2011). "The Sintering Region of Icy Dust Aggregates in a Protoplanetary Nebula". The Astrophysical Journal. 735 (2): 131. Bibcode:2011ApJ...735
Streaming_instability
diffuse nebulae List of largest nebulae List of planetary nebulae List of protoplanetary nebulae List of galaxies List of galaxies by surface brightness List
Lists_of_astronomical_objects
Distance from a young star where ice forms
nebula: axisymmetric models with full 3-D radiative transfer by M. Min, C.P. Dullemond, M. Kama, C. Dominik On the Snow Line in Dusty Protoplanetary Disks
Frost_line_(astrophysics)
Protonium Proton–gyromagnetic ratio Proton–proton chain reaction Protoplanetary nebula Protostar Proximity effect (atomic physics) Proximity effect (audio)
Index_of_physics_articles_(P)
Decommissioned radio telescope in Hawaii, US
wind from the protoplanetary nebula CRL 618. This fast neutral wind will interact with the slow AGB wind to shape the final planetary nebula. Submillimeter
Caltech Submillimeter Observatory
Caltech_Submillimeter_Observatory
Organic compound (HCCCCH)
Diacetylene has been identified in the atmosphere of Titan and in the protoplanetary nebula CRL 618 by its characteristic vibrational spectrum. It is proposed
Diacetylene
Theory of early changes in Jupiter's orbit
debris coalesced into larger objects, reducing gas drag; and if the protoplanetary disk had an inner cavity, their inward migration could be halted near
Grand_tack_hypothesis
that an interstellar cloud collapses out of a nebula to create a young protostar orbited by a protoplanetary disk. There are eight planets within the Solar
Lists_of_planets
Protoplanetary disk in the Taurus molecular cloud
HH-30 (also V1213 Tauri) is an edge-on protoplanetary disk located about 146.4 parsecs from Earth that is surrounded by jets and a disk wind. HH-30 is
HH_30
Protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Scutum
AS 314, also known as V452 Scuti, is a protoplanetary nebula once believed to be a white hypergiant star or luminous blue variable located in the constellation
AS_314
Star forming region in the constellation Chamaleon
Chamaeleon I with VLT/SPHERE showed that 13 out of 20 systems showed a protoplanetary disk in polarized scattered light. Systems such as HD 97048, SZ Chamaeleontis
Chamaeleon_Cloud
Removal of material from an object's surface
the line of fire of a protoplanetary disk. According to computationally modelled simulations, a SNR striking a protoplanetary disk would result in significant
Ablation
Natural physical entity in space
and debris, can form in a hierarchical process of accretion from the protoplanetary disks that surround newly formed stars. The various distinctive types
Astronomical_object
Type of luminous supergiant star
Towards the end of this stage, post-AGB stars also tend to produce protoplanetary nebulae as they shed their outer layers, and this creates a large infrared
Post-AGB_star
Formation processes of the planet Jupiter
the solar nebula, mediated by the formation of a disk-like structure, the circumplanetary or protolunar disk, akin to a miniature protoplanetary disk. The
Formation_of_Jupiter
Young stellar object in the constellation Taurus
near the dark nebula LDN 1536b in the Taurus molecular cloud. Classified as a class I protostar, it is surrounded by an edge-on protoplanetary disk and a
Butterfly_Star
Nebula in the constellation Cygnus
doubly ionized oxygen. IRAS 19475+3119, protoplanetary nebula of Cygnus List of largest nebulae "NAME Soccer Ball Nebula". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques
Kronberger_61
T Tauri star in the constellation Hydra
about 5-10 million years old. The star appears to be accreting from a protoplanetary disk of dust and gas, oriented face-on to Earth, which has been resolved
TW_Hydrae
dense regions of space. Infrared clusters can contain protostars, and protoplanetary discs. Observation of infrared clusters was impossible until infrared
Infrared_cluster
Filament cloud
Plambeck, Richard; Wright, Melvyn (2021-12-01). "Small Protoplanetary Disks in the Orion Nebula Cluster and OMC1 with ALMA". The Astrophysical Journal
Orion_Molecular_Clouds
Carbon star in the constellation Leo Minor
a highly evolved star, in transition from the AGB phase to the protoplanetary nebula phase. It is surrounded by a thick circumstellar envelope (CSE)
CIT_6
H II region in the constellation Cepheus
Sharpless 155 or S155, or LBN529) is a diffuse nebula in the constellation Cepheus, within a larger nebula complex containing emission, reflection, and
Sh_2-155
Early stage in the process of star formation
protostar (in the central pink line) in nebula L1527 (2022). Stellar birthline Pre-main-sequence star Protoplanetary disk Quasi-star Star formation Stahler
Protostar
Large self-illuminated object in space
galaxy. A star's life begins with the gravitational collapse of a gaseous nebula of material largely comprising hydrogen, helium, and traces of heavier elements
Star
Soviet astronomer (1917–1999)
alternative theories exist (such as the gravitational fragmentation of the protoplanetary disk directly into planets). A minor planet, 3615 Safronov, discovered
Viktor_Safronov
Emission nebula in the constellation Vela
The Gum Nebula (Gum 12) is an emission nebula that extends across 36° in the southern constellations Vela and Puppis. It lies approximately 450 parsecs
Gum_Nebula
Topics referred to by the same term
program uses Footprint (tent), groundsheet protector Footprint Nebula, a protoplanetary nebula also known as M1-92 Buddha footprint, an early aniconic and
Footprint_(disambiguation)
Theoretical stellar remnant
Sun stops fusing helium in its core and ejects its layers in a planetary nebula in about 8 billion years, it will become a white dwarf and, over trillions
Black_dwarf
first appear around evolved stars in the protoplanetary nebula stage to evolved stages such as the planetary nebula phase. It has been suggested that this
Unidentified infrared emission
Unidentified_infrared_emission
Topics referred to by the same term
used for ritual purification in Zoroastrianism Gomez's Hamburger, protoplanetary nebula in the constellation Saggirarius This disambiguation page lists
Gomez_(disambiguation)
Star-forming region in the constellation Orion
nearby stellar formation visible in the night sky, and is home to both protoplanetary discs and very young stars. Much of it is bright in infrared wavelengths
Orion_molecular_cloud_complex
Measure of volatile elements on planets
with an increasing temperature toward the Sun during its early protoplanetary nebula phase. The temperature at the early stage of Solar System formation
K-U_ratio
Nebula in the constellation Cygnus
IRAS 19475+3119 is a protoplanetary nebula in the constellation of Cygnus, 15,000 light-years away. The central star, V2513 Cygni, is an F-type post-AGB
IRAS_19475+3119
Peripheral nebular regions of the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex
Scott; B. Reipurth (eds.). Chondrites and the Protoplanetary Disk [Chondrites and the Protoplanetary Disk]. ASP Conference Series. pp. 341, 107. Sugitani
Peripheral nebular regions of the Orion Complex
Peripheral_nebular_regions_of_the_Orion_Complex
Period in Earth's history
a hydrogen/helium-predominant primary atmosphere collected from the protoplanetary disk to a reductant secondary atmosphere rich in nitrogen, methane and
Early_Earth
resolved images. Many of them are protoplanetary disks or debris disks. Only some are transitional disks between protoplanetary and debris. A few disks in this
List of resolved circumstellar disks
List_of_resolved_circumstellar_disks
Star in the constellation Aquila
of surrounding dust and HD 179821 was identified as a possible protoplanetary nebula. Variability was also detected. High resolution spectroscopic studies
HD_179821
Structure formed by diffuse material in orbital motion around a massive central body
are a ubiquitous phenomenon in astrophysics; active galactic nuclei, protoplanetary disks, and gamma ray bursts all involve accretion disks. These disks
Accretion_disk
Variable star in the constellation Orion
(July 2023). "Extreme evaporation of planets in hot thermally unstable protoplanetary discs: the case of FU Ori". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
FU_Orionis
Nebula in Taurus
The nebula is illuminated by a cluster of young, hot stars, including the central T Tauri star system, and features a prominent protoplanetary disk associated
GN_04.32.8
Open cluster within the Rosette nebula, in the constellation Monoceros
NGC 2244 is an open cluster of stars in the Rosette Nebula, which is located in the constellation Monoceros. Alternatively, it is known as Caldwell 50
NGC_2244
Two continuous flows of gas from the poles of a star
central star through the accretion disk. The magnetised material in these protoplanetary jets is rotating and comes from a wide area in the protostellar disk
Bipolar_outflow
Geologic eon, 4567–4031 million years ago
Ma set by the age of the oldest solid material in the Solar System—protoplanetary disk dust particles—found as chondrules and calcium–aluminium-rich inclusions
Hadean
Struve. Tempel's Nebula (NGC 1435) is a reflection nebula in Taurus, named after Wilhelm Tempel. Westbrook Nebula is a bipolar nebula in Auriga, named
List of astronomical objects named after people
List_of_astronomical_objects_named_after_people
89353 50456 10h 18m 07.60s −28° 59′ 31.3″ 5.52 −3.60 2173 B9.5Ib/II protoplanetary nebula, Vmax = 5.29m, Vmin = 5.83m, P = 429 d δ Ant A δ 90972 51376 10h
List_of_stars_in_Antlia
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Girl/Female
Tamil
Neharika | நேஹாரிகா
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Neharika | நேஹாரிகா
Girl/Female
Tamil
Nihareeka | நிஹாரிகா
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Nihareeka | நிஹாரிகா
Girl/Female
Tamil
Niharika | நிஹாரிகா
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Niharika | நிஹாரிகா
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Girl/Female
Tamil
Neeharika | நீஹாரிகா
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
Neeharika | நீஹாரிகா
Girl/Female
American, Assamese, Bengali, British, Christian, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Japanese, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Victory of the People; Of the Lord; Victory; Two Tree; Form of Nicole; Nebula; Small
Male
English
Modern English name derived from the vocabulary word, nimbus, originally NIMBUS means "bright cloud surrounding a god," from Latin nimbus "cloud." It may also be related to nebula "cloud, mist."Â
Girl/Female
Latin
Misty.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Dew drops, Bunches of star, Nebula
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA
PROTOPLANETARY NEBULA