AI & ChatGPT searches , social queries for PHOSGENE
Search references for PHOSGENE. Phrases containing PHOSGENE
See searches and references containing PHOSGENE!
Search references for PHOSGENE. Phrases containing PHOSGENE
See searches and references containing PHOSGENE!PHOSGENE
Toxic gaseous compound (COCl2)
Phosgene is an organic chemical compound with the formula COCl2. It is a toxic, colorless gas; in low concentrations, its musty odor resembles that of
Phosgene
Chemical compound
Phosgene oxime, or CX, is an organic compound with the formula Cl2C=N−OH. It is a potent chemical weapon, specifically a nettle agent. The compound itself
Phosgene_oxime
Chemical compound
of phosgene. Triphosgene generates two equivalents of phosgene in situ, while the carbonate has the same reactivity as one equivalent of phosgene. This
Triphosgene
CHCl3, historical anaesthetic and common solvent
largely to phosgene, one of its metabolites. Chloroform converts slowly in the presence of UV light and air to the extremely poisonous gas phosgene (COCl2)
Chloroform
Chemical compound
Diphosgene is related to phosgene and has comparable toxicity, but is more conveniently handled because it is a liquid, whereas phosgene is a gas. Diphosgene
Diphosgene
disabling chemicals, such as tear gas, to lethal agents like chlorine, phosgene, and mustard gas. In survivors, gas attacks caused medical problems and
Chemical weapons in World War I
Chemical_weapons_in_World_War_I
Phosgene gas attack against British troops by the German army in WW1
The German phosgene attack of 19 December 1915 was the first use of phosgene gas against British troops by the German army. The gas attack took place
German phosgene attack of 19 December 1915
German_phosgene_attack_of_19_December_1915
1984 gas-leak accident in Bhopal, India
chemical process employed in the Bhopal plant had methylamine reacting with phosgene to form MIC, which was in turn reacted with 1-naphthol to form the final
Bhopal_disaster
Chemicals that result in blistering and skin irritation and damaging
PMC 1625133. PMID 18015982. "Phosgene Oxime (CX): Blister Agent | NIOSH | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 2023-05-23. Retrieved 2025-03-10. Phosgene oxime does not produce
Blister_agent
Chemical compound
hydrogen chloride HCl, which is subsequently degraded to oxalyl chloride and phosgene COCl2: C2H4O2CO + 4 Cl2 → C2Cl4O2CO + 4 HCl C2Cl4O2CO → C2O2Cl2 + COCl2
Oxalyl_chloride
German WWI chemical pulmonary agent
warfare pulmonary agent consisting of chloropicrin (PS, Aquinite, Klop), phosgene (CG, Collongite) and/or trichloromethyl chloroformate (diphosgene, Surpalite
Green Cross (chemical warfare)
Green_Cross_(chemical_warfare)
Using poison gas or other toxins in war
industrial uses. Examples include phosgene and chloropicrin. Both have been used as chemical weapons but phosgene is an important precursor in the manufacture
Chemical_warfare
Family of polymers
polycarbonate material is produced by the reaction of bisphenol A (BPA) and phosgene (COCl 2). The overall reaction can be written as follows: The first step
Polycarbonate
American chemistry company
is an American chemistry company specializing in reactions utilizing phosgene, founded by Joe Karabinos in 1967. Originally located in the basement of
Carbolabs
Military training area in Germany
(Grünkreuz): Phosgene, Chloropicrin (Chlorpikrin or Klop) and Diphosgene (Perstoff or Per) Klopperwerk II 560 m2 (6,000 sq ft) Green Cross: Phosgene, Chloropicrin
Munster_Training_Area
known toxic gases are carbon monoxide, chlorine, nitrogen dioxide and phosgene. Toxic: a chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC50) in air
List_of_highly_toxic_gases
British gas mask
British Army in the First World War, to protect troops against chlorine, phosgene and tear gases. Rather than having a separate filter for removing the toxic
PH_helmet
British gas mask
British with the aim to provide reliable protection against chlorine and phosgene gases.[page needed] The respirator offered a first line of defence against
Small_box_respirator
Type of chemical warfare agent
Most nettle agents, such as the best known and studied nettle agent, phosgene oxime, are often grouped with the vesicant (blister agent) chemical agents
Nettle_agent
include 4-pentenal, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid, methyl magnesium bromide and phosgene. Two key chemical transformations in this sequence are a Chan rearrangement
Holton_Taxol_total_synthesis
Chemical warfare agent
Chloropicrin (PS) Diphosgene (DP) Phosgene (CG) Disulfur decafluoride Perfluoroisobutene Acrolein Diphenylcyanoarsine Phosgene is the most dangerous commonly
Pulmonary_agent
Chemical compound
known as bromophosgene, is a carbon oxohalide and a bromine analogue of phosgene, with the chemical formula COBr2. It is a colorless liquid. Carbonyl bromide
Carbonyl_bromide
Device that uses chemicals to kill or harm individuals
major powers in World War I, employing mustard gas, the choking agents phosgene gas and chlorine, and others, causing lung scarring, blindness, and death
Chemical_weapon
Chemical compound
Classically, this compound is prepared from tert-butanol, carbon dioxide, and phosgene, using DABCO as a base: This route is currently employed commercially by
Di-tert-butyl_dicarbonate
French-made gas mask
was intended to protect the wearer from at least five hours' exposure to phosgene gas, a common chemical weapon of the time. The M2 mask was based on a design
M2_gas_mask
gas in 1914, and transitioning to phosgene. France ratified the Geneva Protocol in 1926. France possessed phosgene and mustard gas stockpiles during World
France and weapons of mass destruction
France_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
Calendar year
controlled burn of several additional cars, releasing hydrogen chloride and phosgene into the atmosphere. February 4 – Cyclone Freddy forms in the Indian Ocean
2023
British physician and chemist (1790–1868)
Humphry Davy, and cousin of Edmund Davy. During his career, Davy discovered phosgene, silicon tetrafluoride, and concluded that chlorine was an element. John
John_Davy_(chemist)
Chemical compound
acid. A white solid, it is prepared by reaction of anthranilic acid with phosgene. Hydrolysis gives carbon dioxide and anthranilic acid. Alcoholysis proceeds
Isatoic_anhydride
Explosion of a vessel containing liquid above and beyond boiling point
involved are toxic and do not catch fire upon release. Chlorine, ammonia and phosgene are example of toxic gases that underwent BLEVE in past accidents and produced
Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion
Boiling_liquid_expanding_vapor_explosion
Never definitively revealed
C01-A035 C01-A039 C01-A042 Pulmonary/choking Chlorine Chloropicrin (PS) Phosgene (CG) Diphosgene (DP) Disulfur decafluoride Hexachloroethane Vomiting Adamsite
Moscow hostage crisis chemical agent
Moscow_hostage_crisis_chemical_agent
Chemical compound
net reaction is as follows: 2 PhOH + COCl2 → PhOCO2Ph + 2 HCl The use of phosgene can be avoided by the oxidative carbonylation of phenol with carbon monoxide:
Diphenyl_carbonate
Chemical compound
to phosgene in World War I. Subsequent studies have shown that large doses of hexamethylenetetramine provide some protection if taken before phosgene exposure
Hexamethylenetetramine
2024 Indian film by Haneef Adeni
operations to be transferred in his name. Marco captures and tortures Dev using phosgene gas. He confesses that Isha is at Tony's guesthouse before dying in an
Marco_(2024_film)
Chemical compound
from its environmental impacts, R12, like most chlorofluoroalkanes, forms phosgene gas when exposed to a naked flame. When packaged in cans under high pressure
Dichlorodifluoromethane
Emperor of Japan from 1926 to 1989
in other political and military decisions. Poison gas weapons, such as phosgene, were produced by Unit 731 and authorized by specific orders given by Hirohito
Hirohito
Inflammatory agent
device". Virginia: Code of Virginia § 18.2-312. Illegal use of tear gas, phosgene, and other gases. "If any person maliciously releases or cause or procure
Pepper_spray
Chemical compound
organic synthesis. CDI can be prepared straightforwardly by the reaction of phosgene with four equivalents of imidazole under anhydrous conditions. Removal
Carbonyldiimidazole
Chemical compound
A white solid, 2-chloroquinoline can be prepared from vinylaniline and phosgene. It is a precursor to 2,2'-biquinoline. Lee, Byoung Se; Lee, Jae Hak; Chi
2-Chloroquinoline
Chemical compounds with oxygen and a halogen bonded to the same atom
are polymeric. Some oxohalides of particular practical significance are phosgene (COCl2), thionyl chloride (SOCl2), and sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2). Oxohalides
Oxohalide
Chemical compound
chlorinating agents like hydrogen chloride (HCl), hexachloropropene (C3Cl6), phosgene (COCl2), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), or chlorine gas (Cl2). The structure
Plutonium(III)_chloride
Hill in Italy
Italian Front, when the Austro-Hungarian released a mix of chlorine and phosgene which killed 2,700 Italian troops and poisoned another 4,000 (additionally
Monte_San_Michele
1945 attacks in Japan during WWII
assuredly can decrease the cost in American lives:" poison gas. Quantities of phosgene, mustard gas, tear gas and cyanogen chloride were moved to Luzon from stockpiles
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Atomic_bombings_of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki
Multilateral treaty prohibiting the production, stockpiling, and use of chemical weapons
extensively in warfare but have numerous large-scale industrial uses (such as phosgene) are highly regulated; however, certain notable exceptions exist. Chlorine
Chemical_Weapons_Convention
countries which are not CWC signatories. Examples of these substances are phosgene, which has been used as a chemical weapon but which is also a precursor
Schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention
Schedule_3_of_the_Chemical_Weapons_Convention
German physician (1901–1971)
conducted a series of tests with poisonous gas in gas chamber experiments with phosgene. More than 50 prisoners, mainly gypsies transferred for medical experiments
Otto_Bickenbach
Medical condition
e.g., vesicants such as mustard gas and Lewisite, or urticants such as phosgene oxime. Chemical burns may: need no source of heat occur immediately on
Chemical_burn
Chemical compound
Thioxanthone can be prepared by the reaction of diphenyl sulfide with phosgene in the presence of catalytic aluminium chloride. This synthesis can be
Thioxanthone
Chemical compound
the formula COF2. It is a carbon oxohalide. This gas, like its analog phosgene, is colourless and highly toxic. The molecule is planar with C2v symmetry
Carbonyl_fluoride
Chemical compound
Methyl chloroformate can be synthesized using anhydrous methanol and phosgene. COCl2 + CH3OH → ClC(O)OCH3 + HCl Methyl chloroformate hydrolyzes in water
Methyl_chloroformate
Country in Eurasia from 1922 to 1991
VR, sarin, and soman nerve agents, as well as lewisite, mustard, and phosgene, and others. By comparison, 27,770 metric tons were declared for the United
Soviet_Union
usually from the release of acidic or alkaline radicals. Smoke, chlorine, phosgene, sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen dioxide
Acute_inhalation_injury
Chemical compound
C01-A035 is a Novichok agent. It is the methyl phosphorofluoridate ester of phosgene oxime. C01-A039 Ellison, D. Hank (2007). Handbook of chemical and biological
C01-A035
Molecular geometry of symmetry D_3h
planar geometry include boron trifluoride (BF3), formaldehyde (H2CO), phosgene (COCl2), and sulfur trioxide (SO3). Some ions with trigonal planar geometry
Trigonal planar molecular geometry
Trigonal_planar_molecular_geometry
Organic ammonia derivative
chemistry is pervasive. Some reactions involving simple reagents include: with phosgene to methyl isocyanate, with carbon disulfide and sodium hydroxide to the
Methylamine
Chemical compound
by ultraviolet radiation in air produces trichloroacetyl chloride and phosgene: 4 C2Cl4 + 3 O2 → 2 CCl3COCl + 4 COCl2 This reaction can be halted by using
Tetrachloroethylene
Cleaning agent for motor vehicles
contain chlorinated hydrocarbons, which can produce the highly toxic gas phosgene when exposed to high heat or open flame, such as when welding metal parts
Brake_cleaner
are known as the most painful substances produced.[according to whom?] Phosgene oxime (CX) These substances are metabolic poisons that interfere with the
List of chemical warfare agents
List_of_chemical_warfare_agents
American chemist
gases (such as tabun and sarin gas), botulinum (botulin toxin), ricin, phosgene, arsine, and other poisons. Vest Busters, Fester's smallest book, describes
Uncle_Fester_(author)
Chemical compound
formula ClCO2H. It is the single acyl-halide derivative of carbonic acid (phosgene is the double acyl-halide derivative). Chloroformic acid is also structurally
Chloroformic_acid
American mortar
authorized toxic fillings for American mortar shells were Mustard, Lewisite, Phosgene, CNB (a solution of Chloroacetophenone in Benzene and Carbon tetrachloride)
M2_4.2-inch_mortar
On transport of hazardous materials
(e.g. nitrogen, CO2) or oxidisers (e.g. oxygen) Toxic (e.g. chlorine, phosgene) Class 3 Flammable liquids Class 4.1 Flammable solids, self-reactive substances
ADR_(treaty)
American architect (1895-1990)
during World War I. In the battle of Château-Thierry, he was exposed to phosgene. In 1921, he moved to Denver, Colorado for treatment of tuberculosis. After
Temple_Hoyne_Buell
Chemical compound
It can be prepared from 1,2-dimethylethylenediamine by reaction with phosgene. In 1940 Du Pont applied for a patent on acetylene storage in many polar
1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone
1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone
Salt or ester of carbonic acid
the cyclic compounds ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, and the phosgene replacement, triphosgene. [citation needed] Three reversible reactions
Carbonate
Oxoacid compound with an –OH group replaced by a halogen
syntheses of acyl chlorides also entail the reaction of carboxylic acids with phosgene, thionyl chloride, and phosphorus trichloride Phosphorus pentabromide is
Acyl_halide
tetrachloride, glycol and numerous other organic compounds as well as phosgene gas. Liquefaction of helium (4He) with the precooled Hampson–Linde cycle
Liquefaction_of_gases
Weapons facility in Iraq
"September Dossier") as being the site of a rebuilt phosgene production facility. Although phosgene has industrial uses in small quantities, there are
Al_Qa'qaa
1946. In 1953 he developed the synthesis of polycarbonates by reacting phosgene with bisphenol A. This material marketed as Makrolon was a commercial success
Hermann_Josef_Schnell
Strip of land between wartime trenches
unexploded ordnance and is poisoned beyond habitation by arsenic, chlorine, and phosgene gas. The zone is sealed off completely and still deemed too dangerous for
No_man's_land
1980–1988 armed conflict in West Asia
perpetrated by the Iranians (four involving mustard gas and one involving phosgene, with the likely source being captured Iraqi munitions), and there are
Iran–Iraq_War
Chemical compound
especially flooring. Another application arises from its reaction with phosgene to produce a cycloaliphatic diisocyanate Hydrogenated MDI, which is used
4,4'-Diaminodicyclohexylmethane
4,4'-Diaminodicyclohexylmethane
Non-lethal chemical or biological weapon
C01-A035 C01-A039 C01-A042 Pulmonary/choking Chlorine Chloropicrin (PS) Phosgene (CG) Diphosgene (DP) Disulfur decafluoride Hexachloroethane Vomiting Adamsite
Incapacitating_agent
Rocket artillery
operationally. Field Rocket Equipment of the German Army 1939-45 lists Phosgene Gas and Mustard Gas as the two primary chemical agents but it does not
15_cm_Nebelwerfer_41
biomolecule must be efficient. Popular key intermediates include [11C]phosgene, for carboxylation-related reactions, though other synthons, such as [11C]carbonyl
Isotopes_of_carbon
Chemical compound
C01-A039 is a Novichok agent. It is the ethyl phosphorofluoridate ester of phosgene oxime. C01-A035 Ellison, D. Hank (2007). Handbook of chemical and biological
C01-A039
Severely deficient supply of oxygen
body Contact with certain chemicals, including pulmonary agents (such as phosgene) and blood agents (such as hydrogen cyanide) Choking by obstruction of
Asphyxia
Chemical group (R–O–C(=O)–O–R′)
carbonate esters are practiced: the reaction of an alcohol (or phenol) with phosgene (phosgenation), and the reaction of an alcohol with carbon monoxide and
Carbonate_ester
Weed control herbicide
amine and phosgene, the amine replacing a chlorine atom, and this is then combined with benzyl mercaptan which takes the place of phosgene's other chlorine
Prosulfocarb
Carbon compound
H2O Carbon is sufficiently oxophilic that many compounds react to give phosgene: Reaction with hydrogen sulfide gives thiophosgene: CCl4 + H2S → CCl2S
Carbon_tetrachloride
Spanish chemical attacks in Morocco
rebellion. Between 1921 and 1927, the Spanish army indiscriminately used phosgene, diphosgene, chloropicrin and mustard gas (known as Iperita). Common targets
Spanish use of chemical weapons in the Rif War
Spanish_use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Rif_War
American politician (born 1982)
conducted a controlled burn of the spill, releasing hydrogen chloride and phosgene into the air. As a result, residents within a 1-mi (1.6-km) radius were
Pete_Buttigieg
Organic chemistry method
thiophosgene as shown above, since thiophosgene has a similar toxicity profile as phosgene, whereas thiocarbonyldiimidazole is a much safer alternative. The reaction
Corey–Winter_olefin_synthesis
Chemical compound
carboxylic anhydrides. Ethyl chloroformate can be prepared using ethanol and phosgene: Ethyl chloroformate is a highly toxic, flammable, corrosive substance
Ethyl_chloroformate
Series of human experiments in Nazi Germany
Agency (EPA) considered using data from Nazi research into the effects of phosgene gas, believing the data could help US soldiers stationed in the Persian
Nazi_human_experimentation
Chemical product derived from petroleum
some amine polycarbonate – a plastic polymer made from bisphenol A and phosgene (carbonyl dichloride) solvents – liquids used for dissolving materials;
Petrochemical
Common name for several small mammals
mole tunnels, where they turn into phosphine gas (not be confused with phosgene gas). More recently, high-grade nitrogen gas has proven effective at killing
Mole_(animal)
Chemical compound
irritation of respiratory system, burns, delayed pulmonary edema and death. Phosgene Carbonyl fluoride Sulfur dichloride Thiocarbonyldiimidazole Manchiu D.
Thiophosgene
Organic compound (C6H5NH2); simplest aromatic amine
compounds by condensation with formaldehyde. The diamines are condensed with phosgene to give methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, a precursor to urethane polymers
Aniline
1987 Iran–Iraq War operation
the battle using chemical weapons. At nightfall Iranian artillery poured phosgene gas in the Iraqi 3rd Army Corps' sector. These bombings caused only minimal
Operation_Karbala-8
American railway company
conducted a controlled burn of the spill which released hydrogen chloride and phosgene into the air. The National Transportation Safety Board found that NS mishandled
Norfolk_Southern_Railway
Chemical compound
using the Friedel-Crafts acylation of dimethylaniline (C6H5NMe2) using phosgene (COCl2) or equivalent reagents such as triphosgene COCl2 + 2 C6H5NMe2 →
Michler's_ketone
Chemical compound
prepared in the lab by treating benzyl alcohol with phosgene: PhCH2OH + COCl2 → PhCH2OC(O)Cl + HCl Phosgene is used in excess to minimise the production of
Benzyl_chloroformate
German nuclear chemist and Nobel laureate (1879–1968)
Battle of Bolimów on 12 June 1915, they released a mixture of chlorine and phosgene gas. Some German troops were reluctant to advance when the gas started
Otto_Hahn
Brand of plastic products
studies have suggested that polycarbonates, made from bisphenol A (BPA) and phosgene (COCl 2), such as the ones Nalgene used, may leach endocrine disruptors
Nalgene
Chemical compound
→ C10H7OC(O)NHCH3 Alternatively, 1-naphthol can be treated with excess phosgene to produce 1-naphthylchloroformate, which is then converted to carbaryl
Carbaryl
Chemical compound
the formula CO2−3. Although many organic carbonates are produced using phosgene, propylene and ethylene carbonates are exceptions. They are mainly prepared
Propylene_carbonate
Poisonous gas consisting of carbon and oxygen
Chlorination of CO is the industrial route to the important compound phosgene. With borane CO forms the adduct H3BCO, which is isoelectronic with the
Carbon_monoxide
Disused limestone quarry in Derbyshire, England
warheads. The RAF disposed of chemical weapons, including mustard gas and phosgene, by burning the substances with bleach on the surrounding hills. This proved
Harpur_Hill_Quarry
Rare mineral
Hornblei). The name phosgenite was given by August Breithaupt in 1820, after phosgene, carbon oxychloride, because the mineral contains the elements carbon,
Phosgenite
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE
PHOSGENE