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Column developed in ancient Persia
Persian columns or Persepolitan columns are the distinctive form of column developed in the Achaemenid architecture of ancient Persia, probably beginning
Persian_column
Structural element that transmits weight from above to below
between two ionic columns, 2nd century, marble, in the Louvre Some of the most elaborate columns in the ancient world were those of the Persians, especially
Column
Series of monolithic columns on the Indian subcontinent
following interaction with the Persians and the Greeks. A graphic representation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka from the column there was adopted as the official
Pillars_of_Ashoka
Greek victory column in Istanbul, Turkey
fought and defeated the Persian Empire at the Battle of Plataea (479 BC). The serpent heads of the 8-metre (26 ft) high column remained intact until the
Serpent_Column
Land battle during the second Persian invasion of Greece (479 BC)
the Greek incorporation of Persian culture, and also increased the significance assigned to Persian articles. A bronze column in the shape of intertwined
Battle_of_Plataea
480 BC engagement of the Greco-Persian Wars
other authors, as by Aeschylus in The Persians.[citation needed] Archaeological evidence, such as the Serpent Column (now in the Hippodrome of Constantinople)
Battle_of_Thermopylae
Series of conflicts in the 5th century BC
The Greco-Persian Wars, also called the Persian Wars, were a series of armed conflicts involving various Greek city-states and the Achaemenid Empire from
Greco-Persian_Wars
Upper part of a column
member of a column (or a pilaster). It mediates between the column and the load thrusting down upon it, broadening the area of the column's supporting
Capital_(architecture)
Ceremonial capital of the Achaemenid Empire
architecture is noted for its use of the Persian column, which was probably based on earlier wooden columns. The buildings at Persepolis include three
Persepolis
Persian art or Iranian art (Persian: هنر ایرانی, romanized: Honar-è Irâni) has one of the richest art heritages in world history and has been strong in
Persian_art
Achaemenid-era palace complex in Susa, Iran
apadana at Susa is similar to that of Persepolis, using the distinctive Persian column, topped by two bulls, which was probably developed here. Sources describing
Palace_of_Darius_in_Susa
Small, flat and usually round piece of material used as money
issues follow the "western designs" of the facing bull heads, a stag, or Persian column capitals on the obverse, and incuse punch on the reverse. According
Coin
Monument at the United Nations Office at Vienna, Austria
Office at Vienna. The monument architecture is Persian Achaemenid architecture, with Persian columns and other features from Persepolis and other remains
Scholars_Pavilion
Ancient Iranian empire, 550–330 BC
The Achaemenid Empire (/əˈkiː.mə.nɪd/, ə-KEE-mə-nid; Old Persian: 𐎧𐏁𐏂, Xšāça, lit. 'The Empire' or 'The Kingdom') was an ancient Iranian empire founded
Achaemenid_Empire
Persian architecture Persian art Persian Bayán Persian calendar Persian Canadians Persian carpet Persian Christians Persian column Persian Corridor Persian
List_of_Persia-related_topics
Architectural practice of cutting grooves through an otherwise plain surface
disappear into the floor. It has been suggested that columns of this type influenced the Greeks. Persian columns do not follow the Classical orders, but were
Fluting_(architecture)
Aspect of Iranian history
issues follow the "western designs" of the facing bull heads, a stag, or Persian column capitals on the obverse, and incuse punch on the reverse. According
Achaemenid_coinage
Historical architecture style
occupying an area of about 109 square meters with 36 Persian columns, each more than 19 m tall. Each column is fluted, with a square base (except a few in the
Achaemenid_architecture
Decorative head and torso used in ancient ornamentation
Protomes were also used in Persian monuments. At Persepolis (ca. 521-465 BCE), an array of stone fluted Persian columns topped by bull protomes distinguish
Protome
Old Iranian language
Old Persian is one of two directly attested Old Iranian languages (the other being Avestan) and is the ancestor of Middle Persian (the language of the
Old_Persian
Part of the second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC)
the Persians in a two-phase offensive, amidst which the Persian king Xerxes the Great had issued an order calling for it to be torched. The Persian army
Achaemenid destruction of Athens
Achaemenid_destruction_of_Athens
Series of wars in the 16th–17th century
The Portuguese–Safavid wars or Persian-Portuguese wars (Persian: جنگهای ایران و پرتغال) were a series of conflicts between the Portuguese Empire and Safavid
Portuguese–Safavid_wars
1856–1857 war between the UK and Iran
The Anglo-Persian War, also known as the Anglo-Iranian War (Persian: جنگ ایران و انگلستان, romanized: Jang-e Irân o Engelestan), was a war fought between
Anglo-Persian_War
Iranian football club in Tehran
a symbol of productivity in ancient Persian beliefs and Persian Literature, and the cup on the top of the column represents the championship. The team
Persepolis_F.C.
480–479 BC phase of the Greco-Persian Wars
The second Persian invasion of Greece (480–479 BC) occurred during the Greco-Persian Wars, as King Xerxes I of Persia sought to conquer all of Greece
Second Persian invasion of Greece
Second_Persian_invasion_of_Greece
Iranian artistic gymnast
Mahdi Olfati (Persian: مهدی الفتی; born 6 March 2001) is an Iranian artistic gymnast. He qualified to represent Iran at the 2024 Summer Olympics through
Mahdi_Olfati
The Roman–Persian wars, also called the Roman–Iranian wars, took place between the Greco-Roman world and the Iranian world, beginning with the Roman Republic
Roman–Persian_wars
The decipherment of cuneiform began with the decipherment of Old Persian cuneiform between 1802 and 1836. The first cuneiform inscriptions published in
Decipherment_of_cuneiform
Art by advanced cultures of ancient societies
the reliefs, double animal-headed Persian column capitals and other sculptures of Persepolis. Although the Persians took artists, with their styles and
Ancient_art
Historic house in Louisiana, United States
the Spanish churrigueresque style. The groups of round arches set on Persian columns are attributable to the Byzantine style. The hooded classical style
Huey_P._Long_Mansion
Iranian physician and reformist politician
Abolfazl Soroush (Persian: ابوالفضل سروش) is an Iranian physician and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran
Abolfazl_Soroush
Iranian tomb complex erected in honor of the Persian poet Ferdowsi
Ferdowsi's tomb also created the National Bank of Iran. A well-preserved Persian column in Persepolis. Note the two bulls and the ornations. The aerial and
Tomb_of_Ferdowsi
Campaign in the Middle East during World War I
The Persian campaign or invasion of Iran (Persian: اشغال ایران در جنگ جهانی اول) was a series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire, British
Persian campaign (World War I)
Persian_campaign_(World_War_I)
Semi-alphabetic cuneiform script
of cuneiform script. Old Persian cuneiform is a semi-alphabetic cuneiform script that was the primary script for Old Persian. Texts written in this cuneiform
Old_Persian_cuneiform
Iranian politician
Alireza Rahimi (Persian: علیرضا رحیمی) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat
Alireza_Rahimi_(politician)
Iranian physician
Mohsen Alijani-Zamani (Persian: محسن علیجانی زمانی) is an Iranian physician and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Mohsen_Alijani-Zamani
is an alphabetical (according to Hindi's alphabet) list of Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian roots, stems, prefixes, and suffixes commonly used in Hindi.
List of Sanskrit, Arabic and Persian roots in Hindi
List_of_Sanskrit,_Arabic_and_Persian_roots_in_Hindi
Football club
a symbol of productivity in ancient Persian beliefs and Persian Literature, and the cup on the top of the column represents the championship. The team
Persepolis_W.F.C.
Iranian politician
Mohammad Ali Vakili (Persian: محمدعلی وکیلی) is an Iranian journalist and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Mohammad_Ali_Vakili
Iranian footballer
Mohammad Mehdi Mohebi (Persian: محمدمهدی محبی; born 10 February 2000), known as Mehdi Mohebi, is an Iranian footballer who plays as a winger for Iranian
Mohammad_Mehdi_Mohebi
Iranian politician
Tayyebeh Siavoshi Shah-Enayati (Persian: طیبه سیاوشی شاهعنایتی) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Tayebeh_Siavoshi
Iranian politician
Seyyed Farid Mousavi (Persian: سید فرید موسوی) is an Iranian reformist politician who is a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Maragheh and
Farid_Mousavi
Founder of the Achaemenid Empire
that Cyrus is Kay Khosrow, a legendary Persian king of the Kayanian dynasty and a character in Shahnameh, a Persian epic. Some scholars, however, believe
Cyrus_the_Great
Hall in Persepolis, Iran
apadāna (Old Persian 𐎠𐎱𐎭𐎠𐎴, masc.) is used to designate a hypostyle hall, i.e., a palace or audience hall of stone construction with columns. The word
Apadana
Iranian politician
Mohammad Reza Badamchi (Persian: محمدرضا بادامچی) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran from 2016 to 2020 representing
Mohammad_Reza_Badamchi
Iranian cleric
Ahmad Mazani (Persian: احمد مازنی) is an Iranian cleric and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey,
Ahmad_Mazani
Domitian Gold for the Caesars 1963 96 Rome – During the reign of Domitian The Column 1968 105–106 the Roman emperor Trajan conquering Dacia Centurion 2010 117
List of historical films set in Near Eastern and Western civilization
List_of_historical_films_set_in_Near_Eastern_and_Western_civilization
Protest against the Iranian embassy in London, March 2018
al-Shirazi's media representative in London, said in an interview with BBC Persian: "These people are Shirazi's supporters who did this independently," he
2018 attack on the Iranian Embassy in London
2018_attack_on_the_Iranian_Embassy_in_London
Davoud Mohammadi (Persian: داوود محمدی) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat
Davoud_Mohammadi
Mehdi Sheykh (Persian: مهدی شیخ) is an Iranian cleric and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat
Mehdi_Sheykh
sports leagues by revenue. Individual sports are not included. The "Season" column refers to the sports league season for which financial data is available
List of professional sports leagues by revenue
List_of_professional_sports_leagues_by_revenue
Iranian academic, lawyer and politician (born 1965)
Mohammad Javad Fathi (Persian: محمدجواد فتحی) is an Iranian academic, lawyer and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Mohammad_Javad_Fathi
German epigraphist and philologist (1775–1853)
Rostock, believed that he had ascertained the characters in the column, now known to be Persian, to be alphabetic. At this point Grotefend took up the matter
Georg_Friedrich_Grotefend
Tomb complex in Turkey
was a distinctively Lycian architectural type, but Lycian, Greek, and Persian styles and iconographies are evident in the relief sculpture. The Lycians
Tombs_at_Xanthos
Ancient Persian heavy cavalry adopted by various subsequent states
or "metallic furnace"; the word has also been tentatively linked to the Persian word for a warrior, grivpan. However, it appears with more frequency in
Cataphract
Iranian politician
Farideh Oladghobad (Persian: فریده اولادقباد) is an Iranian educator and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran, representing
Farideh_Oladghobad
Seyyedeh Fatemeh Zolghadr (Persian: سیده فاطمه ذوالقدر) is an Iranian reformist politician and was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran
Fatemeh_Zolghadr
Metres of Persian poetry
Persian metres (Persian: وزن شعر فارسی) refer to the quantitative metrical patterns of long and short syllables used in traditional Persian poetry. Historically
Persian_metres
Local authority of Tehran, Iran
The Islamic City Council of Tehran (Persian: شورای اسلامی شهر تهران) is the directly elected council that presides over the city of Tehran, elects the
Islamic City Council of Tehran
Islamic_City_Council_of_Tehran
Ancient Amorite-Akkadian state in Mesopotamia
lead. The use of brick led to the early development of the pilaster and column, and of frescoes and enameled tiles. The walls were brilliantly coloured
Babylonia
Iranian politician (1969–2020)
Mohammad-Reza Najafi (Persian: محمدرضا نجفی) was an Iranian reformist politician and a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat
Mohammad_Reza_Najafi
Iranian politician
Behrouz Nemati (Persian: بهروز نعمتی) is an Iranian principlist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat
Behrouz_Nemati
1990–1991 conflict in the Middle East
products from Iraq and Kuwait. A coalition began a military buildup in the Persian Gulf region. The broadest military alliance since World War II, its largest
Gulf_War
Iranian politician
Ahmad Naderi (Persian: احمد نادری; born c. 1980) is an Iranian politician who is a member of the Presiding Committee of the Islamic Consultative Assembly
Ahmad_Naderi
Iranian politician
Mahmoud Sadeghi (Persian: محمود صادقی) is an Iranian lawyer, jurist, academic and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Mahmoud_Sadeghi
490 BC battle in the Greco-Persian Wars
490 BC during the first Persian invasion of Greece. It was fought between the citizens of Athens, aided by Plataea, and a Persian force commanded by Datis
Battle_of_Marathon
War between Roman and Sasanian Empires (363)
Julian's Persian expedition took place from March to July 363 AD. It was the final military campaign to be undertaken by Roman emperor Julian, who died
Julian's_Persian_expedition
presenter of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? "at the moment" following a column he wrote for The Sun in which he described how he would like to see the
2022_in_British_television
Iranian engineer, academic
Gholamreza Heydari (Persian: غلامرضا حيدري) is an Iranian engineer, academic and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Gholamreza_Heydari
Sasanian contingent as the triggering factor for a Persian retreat. Then, Odaenathus pursued the Persian columns as they withdrew over the Euphrates and defeated
Siege_of_Emesa_(253)
The Persian Encyclopedia (Persian: دایرةالمعارف فارسی; Romanized as Dāyerat-ol-ma'āref-e Fārsi) is one of the most comprehensive and authoritative Encyclopedias
The_Persian_Encyclopedia
Iranian educator and reformist politician
Fatemeh Saeidi (Persian: فاطمه سعیدی) is an Iranian educator and reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran,
Fatemeh_Saeidi
Iranian politician
Abdolreza Hashemzaei (Persian: عبدالرضا هاشمزایی) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey
Abdolreza_Hashemzaei
Oil crisis in Iran from 1951 to 1954
The Abadan Crisis (Persian: بحران نفتی ایران, romanized: Bohrân-e Nafti-ye Irân, lit. 'Iran Oil Crisis') occurred from 1951 to 1954, after Iran nationalized
Abadan_Crisis
Iranian politician
Ali Motahhari (Persian: علی مطهری; born 26 January 1958) is an Iranian politician. He is also named as a sort of conservative reformist, who represented
Ali_Motahari
Part of Persian architecture
Persian domes or Iranian domes have an ancient origin and a history extending to the modern era. The use of domes in ancient Mesopotamia was carried forward
Persian_domes
Decade of the Gregorian calendar (2020–2029)
Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2020. "Column: What the killing of Qassem Soleimani could mean". PBS NewsHour. 3 January
2020s
Solar calendar that was derived from the Persian Zoroastrian calendar
The Cappadocian calendar was a solar calendar derived from the Persian Zoroastrian calendar. It is named after the historic region of Cappadocia in present-day
Cappadocian_calendar
Iranian politician (b. 1959)
Soheila Jolodarzadeh (Persian: سهیلا جلودارزاده; born 18 January 1959) is an Iranian reformist politician who was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Soheila_Jolodarzadeh
Iranian politician (born c. 1958)
Parvaneh Mafi (Persian: پروانه مافی) is an Iranian reformist politician and a former member of the Parliament of Iran. She has represented Tehran, Rey
Parvaneh_Mafi
Tumuli in Greece
tumulus of the Plataeans, and a victory column erected by the Athenians to commemorate their victory over Darius' Persian expedition. The tumulus is encompassed
Marathon_tumuli
George's interest. She writes to "Simon Says", an advice to the lovelorn column in the school newspaper. The advice she gets drives George completely away
List of The Patty Duke Show episodes
List_of_The_Patty_Duke_Show_episodes
7057 7058 Al-Ṭūsī 1990 SN1 Sharaf al-Dīn al-Ṭūsī (1135-c. 1213) was a Persian mathematician and astronomer who invented the linear astrolabe and developed
Meanings of minor-planet names: 7001–8000
Meanings_of_minor-planet_names:_7001–8000
Iranian conservative politician
Zohreh Elahian (Persian: زهره الهیان; born c. 1968) is an Iranian principlist politician who served as a member of the Parliament of Iran from 2008 to
Zohreh_Elahian
1857 treaty ending the Anglo-Persian War
(1857) (Persian: عهدنامه پاریس ۱۸۵۷, romanized: Ahdnāme-ye Paris 1857) marked the end of the hostilities of the Anglo-Persian War. On the Persian side,
Treaty_of_Paris_(1857)
Withdrawal by the Persian army under Nader Shah in 1741
citations] There are however well established accounts of the withdrawing Persian columns coming under constant harrying by the Lezgis and their allies. The
Withdrawal through Andalal (1741)
Withdrawal_through_Andalal_(1741)
Kwan and Others, Dead at 85 Former All Black Ralph Caulton dies aged 87 Column: Lynn Conway, leading computer scientist and transgender pioneer, dies at
Deaths_in_June_2024
Iranian linguist and lexicographer (1879–1956)
he created a satirical political column entitled as Nonsense or Fiddle-Faddle (in Persian: Charand Parand). The Persian term of Dakho was his signature
Ali-Akbar_Dehkhoda
Shah of Iran from 1848 to 1896
Naser al-Din (or Naseroddin) Shah Qajar (Persian: ناصرالدینشاه قاجار, romanized: Nâser ad-Din Shâh-e Qâjâr, pronounced [nɒːˈseɹ odˈdiːn ˈʃɒːhe qɒːˈdʒɒːɹ];
Naser_al-Din_Shah_Qajar
International radio division of the BBC
government out on the BBC Persian Service; By 1976, Ramsbotham's successor, Sir Anthony Parsons, concluded that the Persian Service has lost its propaganda
BBC_World_Service
Ancient Greek–Persian coinage in Afghanistan
ever to be minted. Other western designs include a stag, or double Persian column capitals. In later coins, the obverse design is progressively abandoned
Kabul_hoard
journalism teacher, and she's concerned about Robbie's column. The girl who wrote the letter to the column calls and Steve says he would like to talk to her
List of My Three Sons episodes
List_of_My_Three_Sons_episodes
Iranian cleric and politician
Mahmoud Nabavian (Persian: محمود نبویان) is an Iranian Shia cleric and principlisty politician who currently is a member of the Parliament of Iran representing
Mahmoud_Nabavian
Wanderers player David Woodfield has died درگذشت پدر علم محیطزیست (in Persian) Former MP for Ashaiman Alfred Agbesi dies Michael Alaimo, ‘Space Jam’
Deaths_in_May_2025
Peribolos Peripteros Peristasis Peristyle Perpend stone Perron Perserschutt Persian column Peruvian colonial architecture Petrine Baroque Phallic architecture
Index of architecture articles
Index_of_architecture_articles
Ancient city in Fars province, modern Iran
Istakhr (Middle Persian romanized: Stakhr, Persian: استخر, romanized: Estakhr) was an ancient city in Fars province, 5 kilometres (3 mi) north of Persepolis
Istakhr
formerly parts 2 and 3. Entries in the Scope column distinguish: Individual language Macrolanguages The Type column distinguishes: Living languages Historical
List of ISO 639 language codes
List_of_ISO_639_language_codes
Constituency of the Iranian parliament
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis (Persian: تهران، ری، شمیرانات، اسلامشهر و پردیس) is a constituency for the Parliament of Iran encompassing
Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat, Eslamshahr and Pardis
Tehran,_Rey,_Shemiranat,_Eslamshahr_and_Pardis
Turkish Empire (c. 1299–1922)
Ottomans adopted Persian bureaucratic traditions and culture. The sultans also made an important contribution in the development of Persian literature. Language
Ottoman_Empire
Iranian politician
Sayyideh Fatemeh Hosseini (Persian: سیده فاطمه حسینی, born 1 April 1985) is an Iranian Reformist politician. She was a member of the Parliament of Iran
Fatemeh_Hosseini
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