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Conflict between the Hudson's Bay Company and North West Company from 1812 to 1821
The Pemmican War was a series of interactions through violent confrontations between the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC) in
Pemmican_War
Food mix with long shelf life, sometimes used as survival food
Pemmican (/ˈpɛməkɪn/) (also pemican in older sources) is a mixture of tallow, dried meat, and sometimes dried berries. A calorie-rich food, it can be eaten
Pemmican
Executive order in Scotland (1814)
became known as the Pemmican Proclamation. The proclamation was issued in attempt to stop the Métis people from exporting pemmican out of the Red River
Pemmican_Proclamation
2017 historical fiction graphic novel by Katherena Vermette
Pemmican Wars is a 2017 historical fiction graphic novel written by Katherena Vermette and illustrated by Scott B. Henderson and Donovan Yaciuk. Pemmican
Pemmican_Wars
North American theater of the Seven Years' War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a conflict in North America between Great Britain and France, along with their respective Indigenous allies
French_and_Indian_War
Scottish-Canadian participant in the Pemmican war
Nor'Westers from living off country provisions, which became known as the Pemmican War. Forced to import supplies from Montreal, the Nor'Westers responded by
John_MacDonald_of_Garth
Canadian retail business holding company
was the main rival in the fur trade. The competition led to the small Pemmican War in 1816, which culminated in the Battle of Seven Oaks on 19 June 1816
Hudson's_Bay_Company
1812–1815 conflict in North America
Wars. The United States declared war on Britain on 18 June 1812. Although peace terms were agreed upon in the December 1814 Treaty of Ghent, the war did
War_of_1812
Historic trading outpost in present-day Manitoba, Canada
region before being drawn into the conflict that became known as the Pemmican War. In the early 19th century, fur-trading was the main industry of Western
Fort_Gibraltar
Mixed Indigenous ethnic group of Canada and the US
netted webbing for snowshoes, skinned animals and dried their meat for pemmican, split and dried fish, snared rabbits and partridges, and helped to manufacture
Métis
War. However, it contributed to peacekeeping forces in 1973 to help enforce the Paris Peace Accords. Privately, some Canadians contributed to the war
Canada_and_the_Vietnam_War
The history of Canada during the Second World War begins with the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. While the Canadian Armed Forces were
Canada_in_World_War_II
North American theater of the War of the Spanish Succession (1702–1713)
Queen Anne's War (1702–1713) was the second in a series of French and Indian Wars fought in North America involving the colonial empires of Great Britain
Queen_Anne's_War
Colonial war between Britain and France (1749–1755)
Loutre's War (1749–1755), also known as the Indian War, the Mi'kmaq War and the Anglo-Mi'kmaq War, took place in the years between King George's War and the
Father_Le_Loutre's_War
1811–1870 British colony in modern Canada
conflict with the North West Company that would not end until 1821. The Pemmican War that was initiated by Macdonell's proclamation was the tail end of a
Red_River_Colony
Gibraltar. In January 1814, the colony issued the Pemmican Proclamation, banning the export of pemmican and other provisions for a year to secure its growth
Military_history_of_Canada
Métis leader (1793–1854)
was a Métis leader of the early 19th century who participated in the Pemmican War as an employee of the North West Company. Cuthbert Grant was born in
Cuthbert_Grant
provides a list of wars occurring between 1800 and 1899. Conflicts of this era include the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, the American Civil War in North America
List_of_wars:_1800–1899
Series of 17th century conflicts between the Haudenosaunee and neighboring nations
The Beaver Wars (Mohawk: Tsianì kayonkwere, pronounced [d͡ʒanî gajũgwere]), also known as the Iroquois Wars or the French and Iroquois Wars (French: Guerres
Beaver_Wars
1816 engagement of the Pemmican War
Massacre and the Seven Oaks Incident—was a violent confrontation of the Pemmican War between the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC) and the North West Company (NWC)
Battle_of_Seven_Oaks
Military operations in North America
King George's War (1744–1748) encompassed the military operations in North America that formed part of the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748).
King_George's_War
French Canadians who engaged in the North American fur trade
large-scale production of pemmican. The Hudson Bay trade was diverted southwest to the edge of the prairie, where pemmican was picked up to feed the voyageurs
Voyageurs
North American theater of the Nine Years' War
William's War was the North American theater of the Nine Years' War (1688–1697). It was the first of six colonial wars (see the four French and Indian Wars, Father
King_William's_War
of Canada in World War I began on August 4, 1914, when the United Kingdom entered the First World War (1914–1918) by declaring war on Germany. The British
Canada_in_World_War_I
with it. Nowhere is this better shown than in the decision to issue the Pemmican Proclamation. It was promulgated at a time when the colony was too weak
Miles_Macdonell
Conflict between the New England Colonies and the Wabanaki Confederacy (1722–25)
Dummer's War (1722–1725) was a series of battles between the New England Colonies and the Wabanaki Confederacy (specifically the Mi'kmaq, Maliseet, Penobscot
Dummer's_War
During the Cold War, Canada was one of the western powers playing a central role in the major alliances. It was an ally of the United States, but there
Canada_in_the_Cold_War
Canada's role in the Afghanistan War began in late 2001. Canada sent its first element of soldiers secretly in October 2001 from Joint Task Force 2, and
Canada in the War in Afghanistan
Canada_in_the_War_in_Afghanistan
Aspect of Canadian military history from 1950 to 1953
The Canadian Forces were involved in the 1950–1953 Korean War and its aftermath. 26,791 Canadians participated on the side of the United Nations (the
Canada_in_the_Korean_War
Military unit
Watteville's Regiment, still retaining their uniforms, participated in the Pemmican War. Rue des Meurons in the Winnipeg suburb of Saint Boniface is named after
Regiment_de_Meuron
Aspect of the international fur trade
which was the driving force of the winter hunt. In addition, they sold pemmican at the posts. Unlike Indians, the Métis were dependent on the fur trade
North_American_fur_trade
Military unit
Regiment de Meuron, still retaining their uniforms would participate in the Pemmican War. Works cited WO25/679 Regimental description and succession book and
De_Watteville's_Regiment
Historical combat forces in Canada
British in the event of a war was not presented until 29 August 1939, days before the start of the war. On the eve of World War II, the Canadian Militia's
Canadian_Militia
Territory in British North America (1670–1870)
with a native woman. In the early 19th century, the HBC had waged the Pemmican War with the rival North West Company based in Montreal for the control of
Rupert's_Land
American-born fur trader and merchant
with disgust, they saw the burning and dismantling of the Fort as an act of war. Due to Semple drastic measures, he essentially ensured no way for a peaceful
Robert_Semple_(fur_trader)
Scottish-born fur trader
Pemmican in the region, Miles Macdonell, governor of the new Red River Colony, declared war with the established NWC men. This led to the "Pemmican War"
William_McGillivray
Former city in Ontario
Fort William was a city in Ontario, Canada, located on the Kaministiquia River, at its entrance to Lake Superior. Incorporated as a town in 1892 and as
Fort_William,_Ontario
demonstrations in Montreal and the U.S. between 1968 and 1971 1812–1821 Pemmican War Metis Flag 1837 Lower Canada Rebellion This flag was created by Marie-Louise
List_of_Canadian_flags
At the time of the American Civil War (1861–1865), Canada did not yet exist as a federated nation. Instead, British North America consisted of the Province
Canada and the American Civil War
Canada_and_the_American_Civil_War
1688-1763 series of military conflicts in North America
Indian Wars were a series of conflicts in North America between 1688 and 1763, some of which indirectly were related to the European dynastic wars. The
French_and_Indian_Wars
Militias of Mi'kmaq
Mi'kmaq consisted primarily of Mi'kmaq warriors (smáknisk) who participated in wars against the English (the British after 1707) independently as well as in
Military history of the Mi'kmaq
Military_history_of_the_Mi'kmaq
the Vietnam War, the 2003 Iraq War and 2026 Iran war. Canada has participated in US-led, UN-sanctioned operations such as the first Gulf War, in Afghanistan
Canadian_peacekeeping
German department store chain
History Hudson's Bay Trading Company North West Company Trading posts Pemmican War York Factory Express Districts Rupert's Land Rupert's Land Act 1868 Deed
Galeria_Kaufhof
1812 land grant issued by the Hudson's Bay Company
Company-related and 21 Hudson's Bay Company-related men, including Semple. (see Pemmican War) Lord Selkirk signed a treaty with Chief Peguis that eventually became
Selkirk_Concession
Historical Swiss mercenary infantry forces
fight in the Pemmican War still wearing their British uniforms. A short-lived British Swiss Legion, recruited in the 1850s for the Crimean War, was disbanded
Swiss_mercenaries
1869 events establishing Manitoba, Canada
Indian War French Revolutionary Wars War of 1812 Pemmican War Rebellions of 1837–1838 Fraser Canyon War Chilcotin War Fenian raids Red River Rebellion
Red_River_Rebellion
Historical fur-trading company
of events that would lead to the demise of the North West Company. The Pemmican Proclamation, the ensuing Battle of Seven Oaks in 1816, and its violence
North_West_Company
Unified dental branch of the Canadian Armed Forces
brigades, divisions, base hospitals and field ambulances. This provided a war-time establishment for the new CADC, with a lieutenant-colonel Chief Dental
Royal_Canadian_Dental_Corps
War, contributed significantly to the Battle of the Atlantic during the Second World War, and was a part of NATO's force buildup during the Cold War.
History of the Royal Canadian Navy
History_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Navy
that are not sanctioned by the United Nations (UN), such as the Vietnam War or the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Canada has faced controversy over its operations
List of Canadian military operations
List_of_Canadian_military_operations
Town in Manitoba, Canada
next year, the Nor'Westers captured some HBC men at the same spot. See Pemmican War. In the 1870s the railroad reached Lake Winnipeg and steamboats appeared
Grand_Rapids,_Manitoba
Hunting activity in North America
was pemmican that, in 1814, governor Miles Macdonell nearly started a war (Pemmican War) with the Métis when he passed the short-lived Pemmican Proclamation
Métis_buffalo_hunting
Human settlement in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Company Location Site history Built 1813-1815 In use 1814-1826 Battles/wars Pemmican War Battle of Seven Oaks National Historic Site of Canada Official name
Fort_Douglas_(Canada)
Historical site in Thunder Bay, Ontario
Grand Portage to the west of Fort William. After the American Revolutionary War, Britain finally ceded the area to the United States (US) under the Jay Treaty
Fort_William_Historical_Park
Beaver Wars, Acadian Civil War, and various Anglo-Dutch Wars, highlighting the belligerents involved and the outcomes. The second section discusses wars involving
List_of_wars_involving_Canada
after falling through her rotten gangway. As a result of the War of 1812 and the American War for Independence in 1775, the defensive focus in Canada was
Origins of the Royal Canadian Navy
Origins_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Navy
Irish republican military campaign in Canada (1866–1871)
anger over British assistance to the Confederacy during the American Civil War. The Fenian raids were one of the factors that led to Canadian Confederation
Fenian_raids
1885 Métis and First Nations revolt in Canada
District of Saskatchewan (now in Alberta) a Cree raiding party led by Cree war chief Wandering Spirit attacked local officials in the small settlement.
North-West_Rebellion
Canada's World Wars (2012) Jeffrey A. Keshen, Saints, Sinners, and Soldiers: Canada's Second World War (2004) J.L. Granatstein, The last good war: An illustrated
Timeline_of_Canadian_history
Military unit
Regimental Veterinary Service, which was being phased out. By the outbreak of war in 1914, the Regimental Veterinary Service had ceased to exist, the CPAVC
Royal Canadian Army Veterinary Corps
Royal_Canadian_Army_Veterinary_Corps
Indian Reservation in northern North Dakota
lucrative pemmican. Pemmican was vital to both the Ojibwe and to the white fur trade companies. The Pemmican War was fought over the lucrative pemmican trade
Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation
Turtle_Mountain_Indian_Reservation
People of multiple races
numbers and the numbers of their descendants are not known. During the Pemmican War trials that began in 1818 in Montreal regarding the destruction of the
Multiracial_people
Canadian First World War aviation unit
attempt to create an air force for Canada at the beginning of the First World War. The unit was created in 1914 and was attached to the Canadian Expeditionary
Canadian_Aviation_Corps
1990–91 Canadian military operation of the Gulf War
saw the contribution of 4,500 Canadian Forces personnel to the 1991 Gulf War. The larger US components were Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert
Operation_Friction
The Iraq War began with the US-led 2003 invasion of Iraq. The Government of Canada did not at any time formally declare war against Iraq, and the level
Canada_and_the_Iraq_War
19th-century fur trading convoy route
competitor, the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC), had already flared into the Pemmican War. The conflict ended in 1821 when the British Government pressured the
York_Factory_Express
Scottish landowner and philanthropist (1771–1820)
Macdonell issued the Pemmican Proclamation, prohibiting the export of food from the entire area. The Métis, who made a living selling pemmican to the N.W.C.
Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk
Thomas_Douglas,_5th_Earl_of_Selkirk
Canadian women in the world wars became indispensable because the world wars were total wars that required the maximum effort of the civilian population
Canadian women in the world wars
Canadian_women_in_the_world_wars
Former administrative corps of the Royal Canadian Army
Revolutionary Wars War of 1812 Pemmican War Rebellions of 1837–1838 Fraser Canyon War Chilcotin War American Civil War Fenian raids Red River Rebellion
Royal_Canadian_Postal_Corps
Ongoing military operation of the Canadian Armed Forces
put forth a motion to send forces to participate in the coalition for the War against the Islamic State by deploying combat aircraft. On 7 October 2014
Operation_Impact
Erie 1814 Battle of Cook's Mills 1814 Battle of Malcolm's Mills 1816 Pemmican War 1816 Capture of Fort Gibraltar 1816 Battle of Seven Oaks 1816 Capture
List of conflicts in North America
List_of_conflicts_in_North_America
Military unit
Ten members of the Canadian Chaplains Service are buried in World War 2 Commonwealth War Graves Commission grave plots overseas (three buried in France,
Royal Canadian Army Chaplain Corps
Royal_Canadian_Army_Chaplain_Corps
This is a list of battles during the First World War in which the Canadian Expeditionary Force participated. Gallipoli Campaign, 1915–16 Macedonian front
List of Canadian battles during the First World War
List_of_Canadian_battles_during_the_First_World_War
United States historic place
major competitor, the Hudson's Bay Company, had already flared into the Pemmican War. The end of the conflict in 1821 saw the NWC mandated by the British
Fort_Vancouver
Military unit
Revolutionary Wars War of 1812 Pemmican War Rebellions of 1837–1838 Fraser Canyon War Chilcotin War American Civil War Fenian raids Red River Rebellion
Combat_Training_Centre
Boer War was met with division.[failed verification] English Canadians (including Irish Canadians) were pro-war while French Canadians were anti-war. Pro-war
Canada_in_the_Second_Boer_War
Compulsory military service in Canada
during both world wars. Conscription into any armed service has not been practised in Canada since the end of the Second World War in 1945. Compulsory
Conscription_in_Canada
Military unit
the Canadian Militia. It was part of the CEF sent to France during World War I. By 1918, the CMGC consisted of four battalions (each of four machine gun
Canadian_Machine_Gun_Corps
Canadian politician and businessman (1782–1835)
thought to their cause, or even identified himself with them. During the Pemmican War Alexander dispatched Cuthbert Grant and 25 Métis to plunder the Hudson's
Alexander Macdonell of Greenfield
Alexander_Macdonell_of_Greenfield
Military police corps of the Canadian Army
Forces Security and Intelligence Branch. During the early years of World War I, Regimental Police were the only police element in the Canadian Army. The
Canadian_Provost_Corps
2011 Canadian Operation in Libya
was Operation Ellamy. The no-fly zone was proposed during the Libyan Civil War to prevent government forces loyal to Muammar Gaddafi from carrying out air
Operation_Mobile
1697 naval battle of the Nine Years' War
naval battle fought during the War of the Grand Alliance (known in England's North American colonies as "King William's War"). The battle took place on 5
Battle_of_Hudson's_Bay
to 1819. In May 1816, during the so-called Pemmican War, Cuthbert Grant and his men seized a load of pemmican coming down from Fort Qu'Appelle, Saskatchewan
Brandon_House
Military unit
developing in army officers the ability to perform command and staff functions in war. The following courses are offered at CACSC: Army Operations Course Primary
Canadian Army Command and Staff College
Canadian_Army_Command_and_Staff_College
Topics referred to by the same term
MacDonald of Garth (1771–1866), Scottish-Canadian participant in the Pemmican war John Macdonald (British Army officer, died 1850) (bef. 1795–1850), Adjutant-General
John_Macdonald
Infantry branch of the Canadian Army
parachute company in their respective 3rd battalions. After the Second World War the infantry was expanded to meet Canada's global responsibilities as part
Royal_Canadian_Infantry_Corps
Provincial military history
were six colonial wars that took place in Nova Scotia (see the Seven Years' War as well as Dummer's War and Father Le Loutre's War). After agreeing to
Military history of Nova Scotia
Military_history_of_Nova_Scotia
Series of attacks in World War I
November 1918, during the Hundred Days Offensive of World War I by the French after the war. Reference to this period as Canada's Hundred Days is due
Canada's_Hundred_Days
title first came into official use in November 1940, during the Second World War, and is still used today. Although the official titles, Mobile Command, and
History_of_the_Canadian_Army
Canadian military unit in the Spanish Civil War
International Brigade, fighting on the Republican side of the Spanish Civil War. Except for France, no other country had a greater proportion of its population
Mackenzie–Papineau_Battalion
Military and War museum in St. Thomas, Ontario
history, the museum includes exhibits on the War of 1812, the First World War, the Cold War and the War in Afghanistan. The Elgin Military Museum was
Elgin_Military_Museum
1870 Canadian military operation
materials of war, which were viewed as a threat. The U.S. authorities forced Wolseley to unload the Chicora of all soldiers and materials of wars prior to
Wolseley_expedition
Twenty-four known prisoner-of-war camps existed across Canada during the First World War. The ethnic groups arrested and detained in internment camps were
List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada
List_of_World_War_I_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_Canada
Irish-born lawyer, militia officer and politician
lawyers retained to defend Lord Selkirk on charges in relation to the Pemmican War between the Hudson's Bay Company and the North-West Company. Between
Michael O'Sullivan (politician)
Michael_O'Sullivan_(politician)
knowledge of the wilderness but the tribes themselves were not active in their wars as a whole. Native warriors participated in the French battles if they chose
Military_of_New_France
Relationship between the Canadian Crown and the Canadian Armed Forces
wreath at the National War Memorial (which itself was dedicated in 1939 by King George VI) and will do the same if at a Canadian war monument overseas. Three
Monarchy of Canada and the Canadian Armed Forces
Monarchy_of_Canada_and_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces
1723 conflict in Dummer's War
The Northeast Coast campaign (1723) occurred during Dummer's War from April 19, 1723 – January 28, 1724. In response to the previous year, in which New
Northeast Coast campaign (1723)
Northeast_Coast_campaign_(1723)
Current and past events of Canada's military air services
was attached to the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War. It consisted of one aircraft that was never called into service. In 1918
History of the Royal Canadian Air Force
History_of_the_Royal_Canadian_Air_Force
Canadian air force squadrons during the First World War
British Air Ministry in August 1918 during the close of the First World War. The unit was independent from the Canadian Expeditionary Force and the Royal
Canadian Air Force (1918–1920)
Canadian_Air_Force_(1918–1920)
Sieges See also List of Napoleonic Battles Battles of the American Civil War Radice, F. R. (8 January 1927). "The Revolution of 1821 in Piedmont". Notes
List_of_battles_1801–1900
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