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PAULA FREDRIKSEN

  • Paula Fredriksen
  • American historian (born 1951)

    Paula Fredriksen (born January 6, 1951, Kingston, Rhode Island) is an American historian and scholar of early Christianity. She held the position of William

    Paula Fredriksen

    Paula Fredriksen

    Paula_Fredriksen

  • Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years
  • 2024 book by Paula Fredriksen

    Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years is a 2024 book by Paula Fredriksen that traces the origins and development of Christianity from its roots

    Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years

    Ancient_Christianities:_The_First_Five_Hundred_Years

  • When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation
  • 2018 book by Paula Fredriksen

    When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation is a 2018 book by Paula Fredriksen that explores the social and intellectual history of earliest Christianity

    When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation

    When_Christians_Were_Jews:_The_First_Generation

  • Christianity in the 1st century
  • was understood to be the result of a lack of repentance by Israel. Paula Fredriksen argues that the earliest Christians believed in the imminent arrival

    Christianity in the 1st century

    Christianity in the 1st century

    Christianity_in_the_1st_century

  • Fredriksen
  • Surname list

    Fredriksen (cross-country skier), Norwegian cross country skier Oskar Fredriksen (speed skater) (1872–1920), Norwegian speed skater Paula Fredriksen (born

    Fredriksen

    Fredriksen

  • Premillennialism
  • Christian eschatological view

    dans le christianisme prmitif,” Vigiliae Christiane 2 (1948):1-16. Paula Fredriksen, “Apocalypse and Redemption in Early Christianity,” Vigiliae Christianae

    Premillennialism

    Premillennialism

  • Paul the Apostle
  • Christian apostle and missionary (c. 5 – c. 64/65)

    restrictions, or otherwise observe Mosaic laws to be saved. According to Paula Fredriksen, Paul's opposition to male circumcision for Gentiles is in line with

    Paul the Apostle

    Paul the Apostle

    Paul_the_Apostle

  • Richard Landes
  • American historian and author (born 1949)

    Israel. Landes was formerly married to historian of early Christianity Paula Fredriksen. He lives with his wife in Jerusalem. Landes' daughter, Aliza Landes

    Richard Landes

    Richard_Landes

  • Incident at Antioch
  • 1st century dispute in Christianity

    to his doctrine of salvation through faith in Christ. According to Paula Fredriksen, Paul's opposition to male circumcision for Gentiles is in line with

    Incident at Antioch

    Incident at Antioch

    Incident_at_Antioch

  • Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
  • Event in the Passion of Christ

    debate among historians: Marcus Borg, Tan Kim Huat, Brent Kinman, and Paula Fredriksen argue that Jesus's entry was cheered by a crowd of followers and sympathizers

    Triumphal entry into Jerusalem

    Triumphal entry into Jerusalem

    Triumphal_entry_into_Jerusalem

  • Judeo-Christian
  • Term grouping Judaism and Christianity together

    the Revolution It Inspired. Simon & Schuster 2001. ISBN 0684847477 Paula Fredriksen. From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images of Christ

    Judeo-Christian

    Judeo-Christian

  • Split of Christianity and Judaism
  • Historical emergence of Christianity

    Archived from the original on 2021-11-16. Retrieved 2020-06-19. Fredriksen, Paula (2024). Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years (1 ed

    Split of Christianity and Judaism

    Split of Christianity and Judaism

    Split_of_Christianity_and_Judaism

  • Dialogue with Trypho
  • Second-century Christian apologetic text by Justin Martyr

    Christian community had taken their place. According to historian Paula Fredriksen, this argument belongs to a broader 2nd-century Christian interpretive

    Dialogue with Trypho

    Dialogue with Trypho

    Dialogue_with_Trypho

  • Jewish Christianity
  • Proto-Christian breakaway Jewish movement

    ISBN 978-1-58023-313-2. OCLC 178213811. Fredriksen, Paula (1988). From Jesus to Christ ISBN 0-300-04864-5 p.5 Fredriksen 2000, pp. xvi, 50. Meier, John (1991)

    Jewish Christianity

    Jewish_Christianity

  • First Epistle to the Corinthians
  • Book of the New Testament

    and assert they left their "offices of marriage" to follow Christ. Paula Fredriksen used sees this verse as evidence that women were embedded in the travelling

    First Epistle to the Corinthians

    First Epistle to the Corinthians

    First_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians

  • Letter to Flora
  • Gnostic text written by Ptolemy

    true God, which is what he is trying to convey to Flora. Historian Paula Fredriksen writes that the letter indicates several things at once. First, that

    Letter to Flora

    Letter_to_Flora

  • Vision theory of Jesus' appearances
  • Hypothesis concerning Jesus' appearances after crucifixion

    Corinthians 15:8 and Galatians 1:16 – are ecstatic rapture events. Paula Fredriksen, an agnostic scholar, expressed strong support for the vision theory

    Vision theory of Jesus' appearances

    Vision theory of Jesus' appearances

    Vision_theory_of_Jesus'_appearances

  • Deicide
  • Act of killing a god or deity

    Constantine's Sword (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2002), p. 219. See also Paula Fredriksen, interviewed by David Van Biema, "Was Saint Augustine Good for the

    Deicide

    Deicide

  • Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium
  • 1999 book by Bart D. Ehrman

    by other scholars on the historical Jesus and early Christianity: Paula Fredriksen described the book as "an excellent introduction to this often elusive

    Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium

    Jesus:_Apocalyptic_Prophet_of_the_New_Millennium

  • Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity
  • Academic reappraisal since the 1970s

    to his doctrine of salvation through faith in Jesus. According to Paula Fredriksen, Paul's opposition to male circumcision for Gentiles is in line with

    Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity

    Paul the Apostle and Jewish Christianity

    Paul_the_Apostle_and_Jewish_Christianity

  • Blood curse
  • Reference to a New Testament narrative

    Jesus, let alone children or Jews of later generations." Historian Paula Fredriksen has noted that the verse's reference to "us and our children" maps

    Blood curse

    Blood curse

    Blood_curse

  • Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians
  • Christian text

    and glorify the name [of God]. — Ign. Phil. Chapter 10 Historian Paula Fredriksen presents the letter, alongside Ignatius's epistle to the Magnesians

    Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians

    Epistle of Ignatius to the Philadelphians

    Epistle_of_Ignatius_to_the_Philadelphians

  • Epistle of Barnabas
  • Greek Christian text (AD 70–200)

    the 'knowledge falsely so-called' espoused by heretics". Historian Paula Fredriksen situates the Epistle of Barnabas within the competition between proto-orthodox

    Epistle of Barnabas

    Epistle of Barnabas

    Epistle_of_Barnabas

  • Historical background of the New Testament
  • Gospels' accounts of Jesus.[according to whom?] According to historian Paula Fredriksen (1988: 5), critical scholars rely on four basic criteria for extrapolating

    Historical background of the New Testament

    Historical_background_of_the_New_Testament

  • Pauline Christianity
  • Christianity based on Apostle Paul's doctrines

    Moses, with Christ.[dubious – discuss] In the view of Daniel Boyarin, Paula Fredriksen and other notable NT scholars cited by them, writing with lived experience

    Pauline Christianity

    Pauline Christianity

    Pauline_Christianity

  • Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth
  • Event in the life of Jesus given in the canonical gospels

    prophet of the new millennium, Oxford University Press 1999, page 38; Paula Fredriksen, From Jesus to Christ (Second edition, Yale University Press, 2000

    Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth

    Return of the family of Jesus to Nazareth

    Return_of_the_family_of_Jesus_to_Nazareth

  • Historical Jesus
  • Jesus as a historical person

    differ on the reason and context for it, e.g. both E. P. Sanders and Paula Fredriksen support the historicity of the crucifixion, but contend that Jesus

    Historical Jesus

    Historical_Jesus

  • Healing the blind near Jericho
  • Miracle carried out by Jesus according to the Bible

    crucifixion, the Roman centurion says "surely this man was son of God"). Paula Fredriksen, who believes that titles such as "Son of David" were applied to Jesus

    Healing the blind near Jericho

    Healing the blind near Jericho

    Healing_the_blind_near_Jericho

  • Codex Theodosianus
  • Compilation of laws of Roman Empire (438)

    contained provisions that set Jews apart from other groups. Historian Paula Fredriksen notes that in the rhetoric of late Roman law, heretics were denounced

    Codex Theodosianus

    Codex Theodosianus

    Codex_Theodosianus

  • Epistle to the Philippians
  • Book of the New Testament

    "to be of the same mind" (to think, phronein, "the same"). Historian Paula Fredriksen has cited this as evidence that women participated in the Pauline mission

    Epistle to the Philippians

    Epistle to the Philippians

    Epistle_to_the_Philippians

  • Alfred I. Tauber
  • American philosopher (born 1947)

    Institute for the History of Science and Ideas. Tauber is married to Paula Fredriksen and has 5 grandchildren. Immunity: The Evolution of an Idea, New York:

    Alfred I. Tauber

    Alfred_I._Tauber

  • Chronology of Jesus
  • and Theology by Timothy Wiarda 2010 ISBN 0-8054-4843-8 pp. 75–78 Paula Fredriksen. (1999). Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews, pp. 6–7, 105–10, 232–34

    Chronology of Jesus

    Chronology of Jesus

    Chronology_of_Jesus

  • Spread of Christianity
  • Paul's Cultic Atonement Metaphors, Society of Biblical Literature Fredriksen, Paula (2018), When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation, New Haven

    Spread of Christianity

    Spread of Christianity

    Spread_of_Christianity

  • Daniel Boyarin
  • Israeli–American academic and historian of religion (born 1946)

    Solution: A Jewish Manifesto (Yale University Press, 2023) Géza Vermes Paula Fredriksen Daniel Boyarin, Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity

    Daniel Boyarin

    Daniel_Boyarin

  • Crucifixion of Jesus
  • Jesus' death as described in the gospels

    the reason and context for it. For example, both E. P. Sanders and Paula Fredriksen support the historicity of the crucifixion, but contend that Jesus

    Crucifixion of Jesus

    Crucifixion of Jesus

    Crucifixion_of_Jesus

  • Persecution of Christians in the New Testament
  • and in danger from false brothers. — 2 Cor 11:23–26 NIV Historian Paula Fredriksen treats these passages as evidence for what Paul himself meant by "persecution"

    Persecution of Christians in the New Testament

    Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_New_Testament

  • Resurrection of Jesus
  • Foundational Christian doctrine that states that Jesus rose from the dead

    (as those before him) as ushering in a new age, even the last days." Paula Fredriksen (2018), When Christians Were Jews, pp. 86–87: "The Kingdom truly was

    Resurrection of Jesus

    Resurrection of Jesus

    Resurrection_of_Jesus

  • Gifford Lectures
  • Annual series of lectures on natural theology

    Religious Movements: Motion and Emotion in Early Modern Christian History 2025–26 Paula Fredriksen The Conversions of Christianity 2026–27 Alondra Nelson TBC

    Gifford Lectures

    Gifford_Lectures

  • Unknown years of Jesus
  • Period in the life of Jesus

    historically reliable evidence of contacts between Buddhism and Jesus. Paula Fredriksen states that no serious scholarly work places Jesus outside the backdrop

    Unknown years of Jesus

    Unknown_years_of_Jesus

  • List of converts to Judaism
  • opera singer Erin Foster, American writer, performer and entrepreneur Paula Fredriksen, former Catholic, historian of religion Aaron Freeman, journalist and

    List of converts to Judaism

    List_of_converts_to_Judaism

  • Buddhism and Christianity
  • Comparison of the belief systems

    historically reliable evidence of contacts between Buddhism and Jesus. Paula Fredriksen states that no serious scholarly work places Jesus outside the backdrop

    Buddhism and Christianity

    Buddhism and Christianity

    Buddhism_and_Christianity

  • Roza Bal
  • Shrine located in the Khanyar quarter in downtown area of Srinagar in Kashmir

    and features Elaine Pagels, Peter Stanford, John Dominic Crossan, Paula Fredriksen, Father Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, Tom Wright, Thierry LaCombe (French

    Roza Bal

    Roza Bal

    Roza_Bal

  • 2 Corinthians 11
  • Chapter of the New Testament

    and escaped from his hands. Cross reference: Acts 9:25 Historian Paula Fredriksen, in a study of persecution of Christians in the New Testament and throughout

    2 Corinthians 11

    2 Corinthians 11

    2_Corinthians_11

  • List of winners of the National Jewish Book Award
  • Program". jewish.dartmouth.edu. 2 April 2013. Retrieved 2020-01-24. "Paula Fredriksen » Department of Religion". Boston University. Archived from the original

    List of winners of the National Jewish Book Award

    List_of_winners_of_the_National_Jewish_Book_Award

  • John 19
  • Chapter of the New Testament

    that the priest who handed him over bears the greater sin. Historian Paula Fredriksen views it as part of a progressive shift, attested in the Passion narratives

    John 19

    John 19

    John_19

  • Peter Brown (historian)
  • Irish historian (born 1935)

    at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in a public discussion with Paula Fredriksen. Brown has also frequently been a keynote speaker at conferences and

    Peter Brown (historian)

    Peter Brown (historian)

    Peter_Brown_(historian)

  • Romans 11
  • Chapter of the New Testament

    away their sins." — Romans 11:25–27, New King James Version Historian Paula Fredriksen reads these verses as Paul's attempt to explain why, by the middle

    Romans 11

    Romans 11

    Romans_11

  • Revelation 2
  • Chapter of the New Testament

    they are Jews and are not, but are a synagogue of Satan." Historian Paula Fredriksen identifies this verse as an instance of intra-Jewish argument preserved

    Revelation 2

    Revelation 2

    Revelation_2

  • Historiography of early Christianity
  • P. Meier, David Flusser, James H. Charlesworth, Raymond E. Brown, Paula Fredriksen and John Dominic Crossan argue that, although many readers are accustomed

    Historiography of early Christianity

    Historiography_of_early_Christianity

  • Clementine literature
  • Category of Christian religious romance

    described in a serious manner by a "good pagan" named Nicetas. Historian Paula Fredriksen treats the Celementine literature as evidence for an alternative strand

    Clementine literature

    Clementine_literature

  • List of people from Rhode Island
  • and Shimer College Sarah Doyle (1830–1922) – educator and reformer Paula Fredriksen (born 1951) – historian and scholar of religious studies Henry Giroux

    List of people from Rhode Island

    List of people from Rhode Island

    List_of_people_from_Rhode_Island

  • Jesus Seminar
  • American biblical research project

    Several Bible scholars (for example Bart D. Ehrman, an agnostic, and Paula Fredriksen, a Jew) have reasserted Albert Schweitzer's eschatological view of

    Jesus Seminar

    Jesus_Seminar

  • List of former Catholics
  • returned to his parents in 1944, whereupon he reverted to Judaism. Paula Fredriksen, American scholar and historian of religion Aaron Freeman, American

    List of former Catholics

    List_of_former_Catholics

  • Joan E. Taylor
  • New Zealand writer and historian

    No. 2, Qumran and Rabbinic Judaism (2001), pp. 208-211. See also Paula Fredriksen Journal of Jewish Studies 50.1 (1999) 160-161 "Jesus and Brian conference"

    Joan E. Taylor

    Joan E. Taylor

    Joan_E._Taylor

  • John 8
  • Chapter of the New Testament

    the devil, and the desires of your father you want to do." Historian Paula Fredriksen presents this verse as an example of intra-Jewish polemic within the

    John 8

    John 8

    John_8

  • Christianity in the ante-Nicene period
  • Period following the Apostolic Age to the First Council of Nicaea in 325

    Paul's Cultic Atonement Metaphors, Society of Biblical Literature Fredriksen, Paula (2018), When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation, Yale University

    Christianity in the ante-Nicene period

    Christianity in the ante-Nicene period

    Christianity_in_the_ante-Nicene_period

  • Adele Reinhartz
  • Canadian academic (born 1953)

    Anti-Judaism: Reading the New Testament After the Holocaust. Editor with Paula Fredriksen. (ISBN 978-0-664-22328-1) 2003 Scripture on the Silver Screen (ISBN 0-664-22359-1)

    Adele Reinhartz

    Adele_Reinhartz

  • Comparison of Buddhism and Christianity
  • Examination of the influence of Buddhism and Christianity on one another

    Buddhism on Christianity as fanciful and without any historical basis. Paula Fredriksen states that no serious scholarly work places Jesus outside the backdrop

    Comparison of Buddhism and Christianity

    Comparison of Buddhism and Christianity

    Comparison_of_Buddhism_and_Christianity

  • Naomi Goldenberg
  • American-Canadian professor

    Religion. 62 (1): 74–75. doi:10.1086/486914. JSTOR 1203384. Landes, Paula Fredriksen (1980). "Review of Diving Deep and Surfacing: Women Writers on Spiritual

    Naomi Goldenberg

    Naomi_Goldenberg

  • Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire
  • Area of study on conversion to Christianity

    Jewish networks and existing links between Roman cities". Historian Paula Fredriksen says that it is "because of Diaspora Judaism, which is extremely well

    Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire

    Historiography of the Christianization of the Roman Empire

    Historiography_of_the_Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire

  • Géza Vermes
  • British biblical scholar, orientalist, and historian of religion

    Rowman & Littlefield, Lanham MD, 1998 ISBN 0-8476-9340-6. Paul Winter Paula Fredriksen Daniel Boyarin Shepherd, Melinda C. (18 June 2020). "Geza Vermes".

    Géza Vermes

    Géza Vermes

    Géza_Vermes

  • Christianization of the Roman Empire as diffusion of innovation
  • Religious conversion as sociological theory

    Innovations are fundamentally linked to their cultural environment. Paula Fredriksen has written that, within the Jewish Diaspora, there was an international

    Christianization of the Roman Empire as diffusion of innovation

    Christianization of the Roman Empire as diffusion of innovation

    Christianization_of_the_Roman_Empire_as_diffusion_of_innovation

  • List of American Academy of Arts and Sciences members (2006–2019)
  • Fishbane Renée Fleming Paula Fredriksen Jeffrey M. Friedman Athol Fugard Jed A. Fuhrman Thomas B. Ginsburg Alison Gopnik Paula T. Hammond Herbie Hancock

    List of American Academy of Arts and Sciences members (2006–2019)

    List_of_American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences_members_(2006–2019)

  • List of writers on antisemitism
  • Frindte [de] Reuven Firestone Jack Fischel Abraham Foxman Edward Flannery Paula Fredriksen Lillian C. Freudmann Jane Gerber Manfred Gerstenfeld Sander Gilman

    List of writers on antisemitism

    List_of_writers_on_antisemitism

  • Augustine of Hippo
  • Christian philosopher and theologian (354–430)

    Nuova. ISBN 978-88-311-3402-6. Van Biema, David (7 December 2008). "Paula Fredriksen Was Saint Augustine Good for the Jews?". Time magazine. Van Der Meer

    Augustine of Hippo

    Augustine of Hippo

    Augustine_of_Hippo

  • David Nirenberg
  • American historian

    de David Nirenberg (note critique)". Annales. 52 (6): 1243–1249. Fredriksen, Paula (9 December 2013). "Anti-Judaism and Early Christianity". Marginalia

    David Nirenberg

    David Nirenberg

    David_Nirenberg

  • Sin
  • Transgression against divine law

    Meditations On The Mysteries Of Our Holy Faith. Richarson and Son. Fredriksen, Paula. Sin: The Early History of an Idea. Princeton: Princeton University

    Sin

    Sin

    Sin

  • Legalism (theology)
  • Pejorative for performative Christianity

    Ancient Judaism, and Modern Christianity: The Quest Continues". In Fredriksen, Paula; Reinhartz, Adele (eds.). Jesus, Judaism, and Christian Anti-Judaism:

    Legalism (theology)

    Legalism_(theology)

  • James J. O'Donnell
  • American academic (b.1950)

    the current context, see "The Future Is Now, and Always Has Been". Fredriksen, Paula (14 July 2005). "Textual Healing". The New Republic. Archived from

    James J. O'Donnell

    James J. O'Donnell

    James_J._O'Donnell

  • Streetcore
  • 2003 studio album by Joe Strummer & the Mescaleros

    Malin, Matt Dillon, Steve Buscemi, Jim Jarmusch, Tim Armstrong, Lars Fredriksen, Matt Freeman, Cara Seymour, Sara Driver and Cinqué Lee as they watch

    Streetcore

    Streetcore

  • Early Christianity
  • Historical era of the Christian religion

     276–306. doi:10.1163/9789004352971_011. ISBN 978-90-04-35297-1. Fredriksen, Paula (2024). Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years. Princeton

    Early Christianity

    Early_Christianity

  • Second Temple Judaism
  • Jewish religion between 516 BCE and 70 CE

    Judaism of the Second Temple Period. Eerdmans. ISBN 9780802824585. Fredriksen, Paula (2000). From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images

    Second Temple Judaism

    Second_Temple_Judaism

  • Sicut Judaeis
  • Medieval papal letter of protection for the Jews

    245-246, 249, 254, 260, 265, 396, 430, 507. Rist 2016, pp. 78–81. Fredriksen, Paula (October 2009). "Review: Revisiting Augustine's Doctrine of Jewish

    Sicut Judaeis

    Sicut_Judaeis

  • Orontes River
  • River in West Asia

    Archaeology of the Ancient Near East (PDF). Wiley-Blackwell. p. 777. Fredriksen, Paula (2024). Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years. Princeton

    Orontes River

    Orontes River

    Orontes_River

  • List of Playboy Playmates of the Month
  • Kreski Nancy Harwood Michelle Hamilton Gaye Rennie Elizabeth Jordan Britt Fredriksen Melodye Prentiss Gale Olson Dru Hart Majken Haugedal Paige Young Cynthia

    List of Playboy Playmates of the Month

    List_of_Playboy_Playmates_of_the_Month

  • The Passion of the Christ
  • 2004 film by Mel Gibson

    p. 40. Pauley & King 2013, pp. 40–41. Pauley & King 2013, p. 41. Fredriksen, Paula (2006). On 'The Passion of the Christ': Exploring the Issues Raised

    The Passion of the Christ

    The_Passion_of_the_Christ

  • Burning of Washington
  • 1814 British attack on the United States

    of Royal Engineers Vol I. Chatham: The Institution of Royal Engineers. Fredriksen 2001, p. 116. "Business methods in the War Department : Report of board

    Burning of Washington

    Burning of Washington

    Burning_of_Washington

  • Sexuality in ancient Rome
  • Attitudes and behaviors towards sex in ancient Rome

    Religious and Theological Studies (1993), p. 149, Scholars Press. Fredriksen, Paula (2018). When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. London: Yale

    Sexuality in ancient Rome

    Sexuality in ancient Rome

    Sexuality_in_ancient_Rome

  • Christianity
  • Abrahamic monotheistic religion

    Herder, Freiburg. pp. 353–72. Elwell & Comfort 2001, pp. 266, 828. Fredriksen, Paula (2024). Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years (1 ed

    Christianity

    Christianity

    Christianity

  • Gospel of John
  • Book of the New Testament

    the Gospels: Composition and Memory. SPCK. ISBN 978-0-281-07341-2. Fredriksen, Paula (2008). From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images

    Gospel of John

    Gospel of John

    Gospel_of_John

  • Judaizers
  • Faction of Jewish Christians

    Archived from the original on 8 May 2020. Retrieved 3 January 2020. Fredriksen, Paula (2018). When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. London: Yale

    Judaizers

    Judaizers

  • Emilio Aguinaldo
  • Filipino revolutionary leader (1869–1964)

    "Emilio Aguinaldo", Encyclopædia BritannicaOnline, retrieved April 25, 2008 Fredriksen, John C (2001). America's military adversaries: from colonial times to

    Emilio Aguinaldo

    Emilio Aguinaldo

    Emilio_Aguinaldo

  • Pharisees
  • Jewish social movement and school of thought

    D. (1988). From the Maccabees to the Mishnah. ISBN 0-664-25017-3. Fredriksen, Paula (1988). From Jesus to Christ. Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-04864-5

    Pharisees

    Pharisees

  • American Revolutionary War
  • 1775–1783 conflict in North America

     34–35.) Fortescue, John (1902). A history of the British army. Vol. 3. Fredriksen, John C. (2006). Revolutionary War Almanac Almanacs of American wars Facts

    American Revolutionary War

    American Revolutionary War

    American_Revolutionary_War

  • Daniel Lewis Lee
  • American murderer (1973–2020)

    Justice in Washington, D.C., to argue for a death sentence. U.S. Attorney Paula Casey requested U.S. Attorney General Janet Reno withdraw jeopardy of capital

    Daniel Lewis Lee

    Daniel Lewis Lee

    Daniel_Lewis_Lee

  • Adoptionism
  • Christian theological doctrine

    God. The Exaltation of a Jewish Preacher from Galilea, Harperone Fredriksen, Paula (2008), From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images

    Adoptionism

    Adoptionism

    Adoptionism

  • Brit milah
  • Jewish religious male circumcision ceremony

    1016/0090-4295(80)90354-4. PMID 6994325. Retrieved 4 January 2020. Fredriksen, Paula (2018). When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. London: Yale

    Brit milah

    Brit milah

    Brit_milah

  • History of Palestine
  • 13 (2): 149–170. doi:10.1017/S1356186303003055. S2CID 162252154. Fredriksen, Paula; Irshai, Oded (2008). "Christian anti-Judaism: polemics and policies"

    History of Palestine

    History of Palestine

    History_of_Palestine

  • Circumcision controversies
  • the Jewish People, London, Aurum Press, 1997, ISBN 1-85410-530-2. Fredriksen, Paula (2018). When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. London: Yale

    Circumcision controversies

    Circumcision_controversies

  • William F. Albright
  • American archaeologist and biblical scholar (1891–1971)

    against Antisemitism". In Bakker, Arjen F.; Bloch, René; Fisch, Yael; Fredriksen, Paula; Najman, Hindy (eds.). Protestant Bible Scholarship: Antisemitism

    William F. Albright

    William F. Albright

    William_F._Albright

  • Jewish deicide
  • Belief that Jews bear collective responsibility for the crucifixion of Jesus

    Archived 2021-02-27 at the Wayback Machine, Issue 33. Matthew 27:24–25 Fredriksen, Paula; Reinhartz, Adele (2002). Jesus, Judaism, and Christian Anti-Judaism:

    Jewish deicide

    Jewish_deicide

  • Alexander Rybak
  • Norwegian singer and violinist (born 1986)

    and you are left alone yourself." On 30 May 2012, he released a duet with Paula Seling called "I'll Show You". Seling placed third at the 2010 Eurovision

    Alexander Rybak

    Alexander Rybak

    Alexander_Rybak

  • Jerusalem in Christianity
  • Died. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 219. ISBN 979-8-3852-1504-1. Fredriksen, Paula (2024). Ancient Christianities: The First Five Hundred Years. Princeton

    Jerusalem in Christianity

    Jerusalem in Christianity

    Jerusalem_in_Christianity

  • Atomwaffen Division
  • International neo-Nazi network

    Archived from the original on February 26, 2020. Retrieved February 25, 2020. Paula Newton (February 3, 2021). "Canada will list the Proud Boys movement as

    Atomwaffen Division

    Atomwaffen Division

    Atomwaffen_Division

  • Political theology
  • Relationship between theological concepts and politics

    the University of California: 1–29. doi:10.1525/rep.2014.128.1.1. Fredriksen, Paula (June 2006). "Mandatory retirement: Ideas in the study of Christian

    Political theology

    Political_theology

  • Council of Jerusalem
  • First Christian synod (c. 48–50 AD)

    1016/0090-4295(80)90354-4. PMID 6994325. Retrieved 3 January 2020. Fredriksen, Paula (2018). When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation. London: Yale

    Council of Jerusalem

    Council of Jerusalem

    Council_of_Jerusalem

  • Christ myth theory
  • Fringe theory claiming that Jesus did not exist

    1919. France, R. T. The Evidence for Jesus. InterVarsity, 1986. Fredriksen, Paula. From Jesus to Christ. Yale University Press, 2000. Freke, Timothy;

    Christ myth theory

    Christ myth theory

    Christ_myth_theory

  • Anti-Judaism
  • Total or partial opposition to Judaism

    (Mascarat, 2019). WA: Mascarat. pp. 320–322. ISBN 978-1513616483.,Fredriksen, Paula (2003). "What 'Parting of the Ways?' Jews and Gentiles in the Ancient

    Anti-Judaism

    Anti-Judaism

  • Virgin birth of Jesus
  • Belief that Jesus was born to a virgin woman

    T. (2007). The Gospel of Matthew. Eerdmans. ISBN 978-0802825018. Fredriksen, Paula (2008). From Jesus to Christ: The Origins of the New Testament Images

    Virgin birth of Jesus

    Virgin birth of Jesus

    Virgin_birth_of_Jesus

  • Christianity in Israel
  •  7–198. ISBN 978-1-86197-744-1. OCLC 666953429. Retrieved 9 May 2022. Fredriksen, Paula (2018), When Christians Were Jews: The First Generation, New Haven

    Christianity in Israel

    Christianity in Israel

    Christianity_in_Israel

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