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Spectrograph on the James Webb Space Telescope
The NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) is one of the four scientific instruments flown on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The JWST is the follow-on
NIRSpec
Poorly understood class of astronomical objects
doi:10.3847/2041-8213/adaebd. Kokorev, Vasily; et al. (2023). "UNCOVER: A NIRSpec Identification of a Broad-line AGN at z = 8.50". The Astrophysical Journal
Little red dot (astronomical object)
Little_red_dot_(astronomical_object)
Brown dwarf in the constellation Hydra
the hydrological cycle in the atmosphere of WISE 0855 with NIRSpec. Observations with NIRSpec detected methane (CH4), water vapour (H2O), ammonia (NH3)
WISE_0855−0714
Bingjie; et al. (2023-11-13). "UNCOVER: Illuminating the Early Universe—JWST/NIRSpec Confirmation of z > 12 Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 957
List of the most distant astronomical objects
List_of_the_most_distant_astronomical_objects
NASA/ESA/CSA space telescope launched in 2021
with Pierre Ferruit (École normale supérieure de Lyon) as NIRSpec project scientist. The NIRSpec design provides three observing modes: a low-resolution
James_Webb_Space_Telescope
Sub-Neptune orbiting the red dwarf K2-18
"Investigating aerosols as a way to reconcile K2-18 b JWST MIRI and NIRISS/NIRSpec observations". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 702: L20. arXiv:2509.13932. Bibcode:2025A&A
K2-18b
Lyman-Break galaxy that is one of the oldest known galaxies
observed using the James Webb Space Telescope's Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) in 2024, and it measured a redshift of 14.32. Its age, size, and luminosity
JADES-GS-z14-0
High-redshift galaxy in Sculptor constellation
Webb Space Telescope (JWST) during NIRCam imaging for the JWST Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam Observations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) project
UNCOVER-z13
Dim, low mass stars on the main sequence
and HH 30. These show jets and more recently disk winds in NIRCam and NIRSpec observations. The disk wind is an important part in removal of mass from
Red_dwarf
High-redshift Lyman-break galaxy that is one of the oldest galaxies known
Survey (JADES) on 29 September 2022. Spectroscopic observations by JWST's NIRSpec instrument in October 2022 confirmed the galaxy's redshift of z = 13.2
JADES-GS-z13-0
Star in the Sunburst galaxy
the brightest in the universe at about 50 million L☉. However, 2023 JWST/NIRSpec observations revealed that the Hα emission line is not as broad as would
Godzilla_(star)
Distant brown dwarf
galaxies. As the name says, the UNCOVER team used NIRCam to take images and NIRSpec multiobject prism spectroscopy to take spectra of any object detected in
UNCOVER-BD-1
Lyman-break galaxy in the constellation Sculptor
Webb Space Telescope (JWST) during NIRCam imaging for the JWST Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam Observations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) project
UNCOVER-z12
James Webb near-infrared survey
UNCOVER, or Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization, was a general observer survey program on the James Webb Space
UNCOVER
Extrasolar planet
transit information. On August 31, 2022, the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec instrument captured the exoplanet with just two transit observations and
LHS_475_b
Extremely distant galaxy in constellation Boötes
through photometric analysis and later confirmed spectroscopically by NIRSpec. The CEERS team found several bright candidates, including CEERS2-588,
CEERS2-588
Seventh planet from the Sun
(23 October 2023). "Detection of the infrared aurora at Uranus with Keck-NIRSPEC". Nature Astronomy. 7 (12): 1473–1480. arXiv:2311.06172. Bibcode:2023NatAs
Uranus
Most massive dwarf planet
; Protopapa, S.; Holler, B. J.; Cook, J. C.; et al. (June 2023). JWST NIRSpec Spectrum of Eris: Methane, Deuterated Methane, and Nitrogen (PDF). Asteroids
Eris_(dwarf_planet)
Substellar object
G.; Manjavacas, E.; Parker, R. J.; Tremblin, P. (13 Oct 2024). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of Brown Dwarfs in the Orion Nebula Cluster". The Astrophysical
Brown_dwarf
American astronomer
Principal Optical Designer for the Near Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (NIRSpec) for the Keck II Telescope while at UCLA. He and his team used this instrument
Donald_Figer
Compact extragalactic object
RUBIES-UDS-154183 NIRSpec/PRISM spectrum of The Cliff. The orange points show NIRCam and MIRI photometry. Object type Little red dot Other designations
The Cliff (astronomical object)
The_Cliff_(astronomical_object)
Strongly lensed Type II-P supernova in the constellation Sagittarius
distorted and amplified the supernova's light by approximately 30 times. The NIRSpec instrument detected characteristic absorption lines, and archival data
SN_Eos
Red dwarf in the constellation Leo
measurements of the star in 2011 using the Near Infrared Spectrometer (NIRSPEC) instrument at the Keck II observatory did not reveal any variations that
Wolf_359
Rogue planet or brown dwarf in the constellation Lyra
(sub-)brown dwarf and not a free-floating planet. Another team used the NIRSpec instrument on JWST and detected water vapor, methane, ammonia, carbon monoxide
WISE_1828+2650
Galaxy
Stars, 25 September 2024, science.nasa.gov Galaxy GS-NDG-9422 Spectrum (NIRSpec), jameswebbtracker.com 'That's weird': James Webb Space Telescope spies
GS-NDG-9422
Interstellar comet in 2025
6 August 2025, JWST made its first observations of 3I/ATLAS using its NIRSpec instrument, and results were announced by NASA on 25 August 2025. In November
3I/ATLAS
High red-shift structure in the constellation Fornax
later spectroscopic observations by the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec instrument in 2022 confirmed the galaxy's high redshift to a spectroscopically
UDFj-39546284
Red dwarf star in the constellation Octans
initially found in transit data from TESS, and its confirmation using the NIRSpec instrument of the James Webb Space Telescope, which also observed its transmission
LHS_475
Red dwarf in the constellation Volans
Sulfur-rich Atmosphere around the 1.6 R ⊕ Super-Earth L98-59 d from JWST NIRspec G395H Transmission Spectroscopy". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 975
L_98-59
Solar system objects beyond Neptune
Space Telescope (JWST), and in particular its high sensitivity with the NIRSpec instrument in the 0.7–5.3 μm range, have led to a new spectral classification
Trans-Neptunian_object
First operational image from NASA's James Webb Space Telescope
appear redder than they actually are. The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) is one of four instruments used on JWST, offering the flexibility to observe
Webb's_First_Deep_Field
Planetary-mass object in the constellation Pisces
abundance decreases at the temperature inversion. Observations with JWST/NIRSpec and NIRISS were used to find a transition of methane absorption to methane
SIMP_J013656.5+093347
Exoplanet in constellation of Virgo
et al. (2023), "Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM", Nature, 614 (7949): 659–663, arXiv:2211.10487, Bibcode:2023Natur
WASP-39b
Brown dwarf in the constellation Camelopardalis
a mass of 17±5 jupiter mass. A 2024 study observed it with JWST, using NIRSpec and MIRI spectroscopy, which concluded a mass of either 1.9 or 11.2 MJ
WISE_J1206+8401
Planet smaller than Neptune with a low density envelope
Batalha, Natasha E.; Alderson, Lili; et al. (2024-08-01). "JWST COMPASS: A NIRSpec/G395H Transmission Spectrum of the Sub-Neptune TOI-836c". The Astronomical
Sub-Neptune
Binary brown dwarf system in the constellation Vela
hours with MIRI LRS and directly followed by an 7 hour observation with NIRSpec. The observations found water vapor, carbon monoxide and methane absorption
Luhman_16
Earth-size exoplanet orbiting TRAPPIST-1
four observations of TRAPPIST-1e using the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec instrument, researchers were unable to find conclusive evidence for or
TRAPPIST-1e
Smallest Galilean moon of Jupiter
dioxide within Tara Regio, a geologically recently resurfaced terrain. JWST NIRSpec observations show that the northern hemisphere show crystalline water ice
Europa_(moon)
Variable star in the constellation Taurus
that grains did grow to a size of 1mm or larger. Observations with JWST NIRSpec did show that the brightness of the disk wind and jet is asymmetric and
FS_Tauri
Near-Earth asteroid
lunar materials indicate that it is likely lunar ejecta. In 2026, JWST’s NIRSpec instrument and new LBT observations revealed a spectrum that is notably
469219_Kamoʻoalewa
Protoplanetary disk in the Taurus molecular cloud
emission. One knot was seen moving with around 121 km/s. The jet is seen with NIRSpec in ionized iron with a tight semi-opening angle of 1.4°±0.9°. A CO outflow
HH_30
Extremely distant galaxy in constellation Boötes
CEERS teams followed up their high-redshift candidates with observatory's NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) instrument to measure precise, spectroscopic
Maisie's_Galaxy
Enigmatic astronomical object in the constellation Boötes
atmospheric models of brown dwarfs. One of the models also agrees with the faint NIRSpec spectrum. Capotauro is also very similar to other brown dwarf candidates
Capotauro
Star in the constellation Coma Berenices
resolved spectroscopy of WISE J1217+1626AB with the near-IR spectrograph NIRSPEC again on the Keck II Telescope. In 2012 Liu et al. published a paper in
WISE_1217+1626
M-type red dwarf in the constellation Aries
Bibcode:2003tmc..book.....C Tanner, Angelle; et al. (November 2012), "Keck NIRSPEC Radial Velocity Observations of Late-M Dwarfs", The Astrophysical Journal
Teegarden's_Star
Background galaxy containing a quasar
(2023-09-01). "UNCOVER: The Growth of the First Massive Black Holes from JWST/NIRSpec-Spectroscopic Redshift Confirmation of an X-Ray Luminous AGN at z = 10
UHZ1
Zodiac constellation in the northern hemisphere
1051/0004-6361/201935460. S2CID 189999121. Tanner, Angelle; et al. (November 2012). "Keck NIRSPEC Radial Velocity Observations of Late-M Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal
Aries_(constellation)
Method in astronomy
from 1997 to 1999 and from 2002 to 2008. The James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec (Near-Infrared Spectrograph) instrument is a multi-object spectrometer
Multi-Object_Spectrometer
Brown dwarf in the constellation Taurus
S2CID 119245711. Blake, Cullen H.; Charbonneau, David; White, Russel J. (2010). "The NIRSPEC Ultracool Dwarf Radial Velocity Survey". The Astrophysical Journal. 723
2MASS_J03552337+1133437
Type of starburst galaxy
ultra-deep JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy" (diagram top right) examines 27 galaxies at high redshifts that were observed with JWST/NIRSpec. The study measured
Blueberry_galaxy
Brown dwarf in the constellation Ursa Major
a spectral type of Y0. Follow-up observations with JWST spectroscopy (NIRSpec and MIRI) showed that it had a spectral type of Y1. The observations showed
CWISEP_J1047+5457
habitable. TRAPPIST-1 d was considered to be potentially habitable until JWST/NIRSpec data found little evidence for an atmosphere with Earth-like surface pressure
List of potentially habitable exoplanets
List_of_potentially_habitable_exoplanets
Instrument to measure the properties of visible light
James Webb Space Telescope contains both a near-infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) and a mid-infrared spectrograph (MIRI). An echelle-based spectrograph
Optical_spectrometer
Brown dwarf in the constellation Pegasus
Cushing et al. WISE J2209+2711 is one of a few Y-dwarfs observed with the NIRSpec and MIRI instruments aboard the James Webb Space Telescope. The modelling
WISE_J2209+2711
High-redshift galaxy that is one of the oldest and most distant known galaxies
Mawatari, Ken; Fudamoto, Yoshinobu; Ren, Yi W (11 November 2024). "JWST/NIRSpec spectroscopy of intermediate-mass quiescent galaxies at z ~ 3-4". Monthly
HD1
High-redshift galaxy in the constellation Fornax
Lyman-Break galaxy in the constellation Fornax that was observed with the NIRSpec instrument of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) between 10 and 12 January
JADES-GS-z13-1
Small galaxy composed of up to several billion stars
Black Hole in a Diminutive Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxy Discovered with JWST/NIRSpec+IFU". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 991 (1): L24. arXiv:2503.00113
Dwarf_galaxy
High-redshift galaxy in the constellation Ursa Major
2016. Retrieved 4 March 2016. Bunker, Andrew J.; et al. (2023). "JADES NIRSpec Spectroscopy of GN-z11: Lyman- α emission and possible enhanced nitrogen
GN-z11
Relative abundance of heavy elements in a star or other astronomical object
James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and its Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) has enabled the measurement of spectroscopic metallicity at redshifts
Metallicity
NASA research facility in Maryland
Instrument (MIRI); Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam); Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec); Fine Guidance Sensor and Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph
Goddard_Space_Flight_Center
Extrasolar free-floating planet
also detected. Low abundance of methane was detected in the L-band Keck/NIRSPEC spectrum of PSO J318.5−22. The team found that strong vertical mixing and
PSO_J318.5−22
Binary brown dwarf star in the constellation Andromeda
estimate masses of 7–15 MJ and 6–14 MJ. The binary was observed with JWST NIRSpec and MIRI. The unresolved spectrum shows strong absorption due to ammonia
WISE_0146+4234
Sub-brown dwarf or exoplanet
incorrect retrieved mass. Additional data was taken with the NIRCam and NIRSpec instruments of JWST, and published in 2026. The study found that vertical
WD_0806−661_B
Brown dwarf in the constellation Centaurus
inferred from emission lines of hydrogen and helium in medium-resolution NIRSpec data. Surprisingly 2M1207b does not show absorption due to methane, which
2M1207
Planetary-mass object orbiting the brown dwarf 2M1207
heat generated by a recent collision. JWST observations of 2M1207B with NIRSpec did not detect any methane (CH4) and only weak carbon monoxide (CO) in
2M1207b
Astronomical objects of planetary size that did not form in orbit around a star
; Lützgendorf, N.; Rauscher, B. J.; Sirianni, M. (1 June 2023). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of the Planetary Mass Companion TWA 27B". The Astrophysical
Sub-brown_dwarf
Trans-Neptunian dwarf planet
Grundy, William M.; Stansberry, John A.; et al. (December 2025). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of Salacia-Actaea and Máni: Exploring Population-level Trends
Orcus_(dwarf_planet)
Galaxy in the constellation Fornax
the galaxy was observed with the JWST camera NIRCam and spectrograph NIRSpec/MSA as part of the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES), which
JADES-GS-z7-01-QU
Large plutino with moon
Grundy, William M.; Stansberry, John A.; et al. (December 2025). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of Salacia-Actaea and Máni: Exploring Population-level Trends
208996_Achlys
Galaxy cluster in the constellation Volans
archive.stsci.edu. Retrieved 12 July 2022. "Webb's First Deep Field (NIRSpec MSA Emission Spectra)". WebbTelescope.org. Retrieved 14 July 2022. Repp
SMACS_0723
Possible free-floating planet
proposal includes it in its proposed spectroscopic observations with both NIRSpec and MIRI. List of Y-dwarfs CWISE J1055+5443 another Y-dwarf discovered
WISE_J0830+2837
Star in the constellation Reticulum
energy distribution measured by JWST. This includes a spectrum taken by NIRSpec and MIRI LRS at 1 to 12 μm, as well as MIRI photometry at 15, 18 and 21
WISE_0359−5401
Red dwarf star in the constellation Aquarius
Tony; van der Marel, Roeland P. (10 September 2025). "JWST-TST DREAMS: NIRSpec/PRISM Transmission Spectroscopy of the Habitable Zone Planet TRAPPIST-1
TRAPPIST-1
Brown dwarf in the constellation Libra
J1446−2317 with JWST were published. These observations were carried out with NIRSpec and MIRI spectroscopy. These observations established this object to have
CWISEP_J1446−2317
Astronomical observatory in Hawaii
provides simultaneous coverage of wavelengths from 0.94 to 2.45 microns. NIRSPEC The Near Infrared Spectrometer studies very high redshift radio galaxies
W._M._Keck_Observatory
Former aerospace manufacturer
Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) Solar Orbiter Ulysses Venus Express XMM-Newton NIRSpec European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) Galileo Astrium
Astrium
Ramachandran, V.; Sabbi, E.; Sander, A. A. C. (10 May 2025). "First JWST/NIRSpec Spectroscopy of O Stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud". The Astrophysical
List_of_most_massive_stars
Exoplanet orbiting the star Gliese 504
published the first spectral observations of Gliese 504 b, made using the NIRSpec instrument aboard the James Webb Space Telescope, showing an unusual metal-rich
Gliese_504_b
Lyman-break galaxy that is one of the oldest galaxies known
observed again in October 2023 by the James Webb Space Telescope with the NIRSpec and MIRI spectrographs, making it the most distant redshift galaxy of z
GHZ2
American astrophysicist
In collaboration with Livia Origlia from 2002 to 2018, Rich used the NIRSpec infrared spectrograph on Keck II to obtain high resolution spectra of stars
R._Michael_Rich
Star in the constellation Eridanus
Spectroscopic Characterization of the Benchmark Brown Dwarf HD 19467 B with the NIRSpec Integral Field Spectrograph", The Astronomical Journal, 168 (4): 187, arXiv:2408
HD_19467
R.; Teske, Johanna; Scarsdale, Nicholas (2025-07-09). "JWST COMPASS: A NIRSpec G395H Transmission Spectrum of the Super-Earth GJ 357 b". The Astronomical
List of terrestrial exoplanet candidates for atmosphere detection
List_of_terrestrial_exoplanet_candidates_for_atmosphere_detection
Moon of Saturn
body. The James Webb Space Telescope took the spectrum of Albiorix with NIRSpec, detecting a 3.0 micron absorption feature associated with hydrated minerals
Albiorix_(moon)
Part of the James Webb Space Telescope
instruments: Near-Infrared Camera, or NIRCam Near-Infrared Spectrograph, or NIRSpec. Mid-Infrared Instrument, or MIRI Fine Guidance Sensor/ Near InfraRed Imager
Integrated Science Instrument Module
Integrated_Science_Instrument_Module
Research institute
echelle SPECtrograph (NIRSPEC). KOA first released archived HIRES data on August 18, 2004 and the data extend back to 1994. The NIRSPEC data were first released
NASA Exoplanet Science Institute
NASA_Exoplanet_Science_Institute
Science park in County Durham, England
Instrumentation, which built some of the optics for the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec instrument at NETPark Filtronic, a maker of satellite communications, 5G
NETPark
Accumulation of matter around a planet
to have a circumplanetary disk in the past. New observations from JWST/NIRSpec were able to confirm accretion from an unseen disk by detecting emission
Circumplanetary_disk
List of largest planets by size
G.; Lützgendorf, N.; Rauscher, B. J.; Sirianni, M. (2023-06-01). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of the Planetary Mass Companion TWA 27B*". The Astrophysical
List_of_largest_exoplanets
Second brightest star in the southern constellation of Pictor
instrument at the VLT and other archival imaging, and one using the JWST NIRSpec integral field unit. Analysis of archival VLT and JWST data detected the
Beta_Pictoris
Brown dwarf in the constellation Ophiuchus
same time. SDSS 1624+00 was one of the few T-dwarfs observed with JWST NIRSpec and MIRI spectroscopy, which revealed additional molecules in its atmosphere
SDSS_1624+00
installed in ISIM. March 2014: NIRCam installed in ISIM 24–25 March 2014: NIRSpec integrated into ISIM. June 2014: first combined test of all four instruments
Timeline of the James Webb Space Telescope
Timeline_of_the_James_Webb_Space_Telescope
Daniel; Hjorth, Jens (November 2023). "Little Red Dots or Brown Dwarfs? NIRSpec Discovery of Three Distant Brown Dwarfs Masquerading as NIRCam-selected
List_of_exoplanet_extremes
Chabrier, G.; Manjavacas, E.; Parker, R. J.; Valenti, J. (2023-12-05). "JWST/NIRSpec Observations of the Coldest Known Brown Dwarf*". The Astronomical Journal
List_of_coolest_stars
Planets found orbiting pulsars
explain why the planet has survived to this day. Observations with JWST NIRSpec found a windy (westwards) atmosphere rich in molecular carbon (C3, C2)
Pulsar_planet
Brown dwarf star in the constellation Eridanus
brown dwarf to be 0.03 solar masses. 2MASS 0415-0935 was observed with NIRSpec on JWST. The observation constrained the abundances of water vapor (H2O)
2MASS_J04151954−0935066
One of the farthest known galaxies from the Earth in the constellation Camelopardalis
be needed to accurately confirm the redshift of MACS0647-JD. NIRCam and NIRSpec observations of MACS0647-JD were performed in 2023 by the James Webb space
MACS0647-JD
Possible dwarf planet
at the surface on 31 August 2023 using the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope. Observed under Guaranteed Time Observations
120347_Salacia
Terrestrial planet orbiting L 98-59
Transmission spectroscopy observations with the James Webb Space Telescope NIRSpec published in 2025 favor the presence of a sulfur dioxide atmosphere. This
L_98-59_b
Fourth-largest asteroid
Quantitative Compositional Analysis of Ceres, Pallas, and Hygiea Using JWST/NIRSpec". The Planetary Science Journal. 6 (1). Bibcode:2025PSJ.....6....9R. doi:10
10_Hygiea
Binary systems of planetary-mass objects
that are too faint for useful photometry. Another work by Luhman used NIRSpec spectroscopy, showing that for 7 JuMBOs (number 3, 5, 6, 10, 11, 14, 18)
Jupiter-mass_binary_object
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC
NIRSPEC