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Open access mandate
The NIH Public Access Policy is an open access mandate, drafted in 2004 and mandated in 2008, requiring that research papers describing research funded
NIH_Public_Access_Policy
Policy requiring or recommending Open Access to scientific publications
that have adopted open-access mandates for grant recipients are National Institutes of Health (with the NIH Public Access Policy), Research Councils UK
Open-access_mandate
Repository of freely accessible biomedical journal articles
grown rapidly as the NIH Public Access Policy is designed to make all research funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) freely accessible to
PubMed_Central
US government medical research agency
the official date of publication. The NIH Public Access Policy was the first public access mandate for a U.S. public funding agency. In 2000, the Joint Economic
National_Institutes_of_Health
Academic journal
Perspectives was one of the few journals that fulfilled the 2024 NIH Public Access Policy without any costs for authors and readers. Upon cessation of NIEHS
Environmental Health Perspectives
Environmental_Health_Perspectives
employees of the NIH is deemed Public Domain in the US, and the US government holds copyright elsewhere. Government licensing policies may override funder
List of research funders by preprint licensing policy
List_of_research_funders_by_preprint_licensing_policy
Unrestricted availability of scholarly publications
doctoral theses open access is an increasingly popular mandate by many educational institutions. In the US, the NIH Public Access Policy has required since
Open_access
Campaign for academic journal publishing reform
journals and to promote increased access to scientific information. The campaign refers to the NIH Public Access Policy as an example of a mandate that
Access2Research
Law in Public access
submitted as a direct response to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Public Access Policy; intending to reverse it. The bill's alternate name relates it
Fair Copyright in Research Works Act
Fair_Copyright_in_Research_Works_Act
American politician (1929–2019)
in Research Works Act, a bill that would overturn the NIH Public Access Policy, an open-access mandate of the National Institutes of Health. Conyers's
John_Conyers
Primary government agency responsible for biomedical and public health research in the US
Institutes of Health (NIH) are the primary government agency responsible for biomedical and public health research. They award NIH grants through 24 grant-awarding
NIH_grant
agencies. Open access mandate NIH Public Access Policy Fair Copyright in Research Works Act Research Works Act "Federal Research Public Access Act 2006".
Federal Research Public Access Act
Federal_Research_Public_Access_Act
Journal management and publishing system
ongoing access to journal contents. Third-party plugins include Reading Tools, which point readers to related studies, media stories, and policy documents
Open_Journal_Systems
Open consortium serving academic libraries in Germany
records to adhere to the Solr index schema in place. Initiated 2011 with public funds for Saxony, Germany, as a three-year project, its scope used to be
Finc
American physician
from this source, which is in the public domain. Cho, Mildred K. (2013). "Research Ethics Consultation at the NIH Clinical Center". IRB: Ethics & Human
Marion_Danis
American public health official
Milton Joseph Rosenau (January 1, 1869 – April 9, 1946) was an American public health official and professor who was influential in the early twentieth
Milton_J._Rosenau
Open scientific research
2008. In 2008, through the Consolidated Appropriations Act, the NIH Public Access Policy was made mandatory (previously voluntary since 2004). In France
Open_science
American philosopher and open access advocate
edu. "Harvard Open Access Project". cyber.harvard.edu. Rogawski, M. A.; Suber, P. (2006). "Support for the NIH Public Access Policy". Science. 313 (5793)
Peter_Suber
Proposed US legislation
on Open Access statement by the American Library Association that "vehemently oppose[e]d the bill". "NIH Public Access Policy Details". nih.gov. Archived
Research_Works_Act
Research dataset dissemination to enable access/use by investigators
denotes the dissemination of research datasets to enable access and use by other investigators. Policies governing this practice are increasingly instituted
Data_sharing
Open access academic publisher
The Open Library of Humanities is a nonprofit, diamond open access publisher in the humanities and social sciences founded by Martin Paul Eve and Caroline
Open_Library_of_Humanities
"What are indirect research costs? A quick explainer in light of NIH's sweeping policy change". STAT. Retrieved 2025-02-09. Bush, Evan; Bendix, Aria; Chow
Science policy of the second Trump administration
Science_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Open access academic publishing model
model used by peer-reviewed scholarly journals to provide readers with open access (OA) to the journal’s content, without charging costs to authors. S2O converts
Subscribe_to_Open
American librarian (1908–1990)
(2008). “Publishers did not take bait,”: A forgotten precursor to NIH Public Access Policy. Archived 2008-11-05 at the Wayback Machine Presented at Florida
Stephen_A._McCarthy
Type of health care system
Flourishing and Healthy Life: Issues for Healthy Public Policy"". International Journal of Health Policy and Management. 4 (1): 49–51. doi:10.15171/ijhpm
Universal_health_care
"What are indirect research costs? A quick explainer in light of NIH's sweeping policy change". STAT. Retrieved February 9, 2025. Bush, Evan; Bendix, Aria;
Domestic policy of the second Trump administration
Domestic_policy_of_the_second_Trump_administration
Thomas A. LaVeist is an American public health scholar, academic administrator, and policy expert. He is the dean and Weatherhead Presidential Chair at
Thomas_A._LaVeist
in 1994. The term "open access" itself was first formulated in three public statements in the 2000s: the Budapest Open Access Initiative in February 2002
History_of_open_access
American scientific society
an open access chemical database developed by the NIH's National Center for Biotechnology Information. The ACS raised concerns that the publicly supported
American_Chemical_Society
requested a review of the NIH's guidelines, and after a policy discussion within his circle of supporters, implemented a policy in August of that year to
Stem cell laws and policy in the United States
Stem_cell_laws_and_policy_in_the_United_States
American physician-scientist (born 1950)
Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland, from 17 August 2009 to 19 December 2021, serving under three presidents. Collins announced his retirement publicly from
Francis_Collins
Federal uniformed service
"U.S. Public Health Service March". www.jwpepper.com. Retrieved 15 July 2024. King III, George. "U.S. Public Health Service March". www.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved
United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps
United_States_Public_Health_Service_Commissioned_Corps
Government support and limits of scientific research
science policy of the United States is the responsibility of many organizations throughout the federal government. Much of the large-scale policy is made
Science policy of the United States
Science_policy_of_the_United_States
United States law regarding patent rights and government research
Act to promote access to Ritonavir" (PDF). Retrieved 9 September 2023. "Policies & Reports | Technology Transfer" (PDF). www.ott.nih.gov. Archived from
Bayh–Dole_Act
equity, and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, gender identity, public health research, environmental policy, and various social programs, and other topics Trump
2025 United States government online resource removals
2025_United_States_government_online_resource_removals
Academic journal
Institutes of Health (NIH), for release 12 months from publication, enabling authors to comply with the NIH Public Access Policy. Endocrine-Related Cancer
Endocrine-Related_Cancer
Free licensed works in any field
November 2010. Retrieved 22 March 2009. "Policy on Enhancing Public Access to Archived Publications Resulting from NIH-Funded Research". Archived from the
Free_content
American politician (born 1953)
2011, all of which aim at a reversal of the NIH's Public Access Policy, which mandates open access to NIH-funded research. Issa voted against the Tax
Darrell_Issa
Harvard University branch in Boston, Massachusetts, US
Public Health". 2024-08-07. Archived from the original on 2024-12-09. Retrieved 2024-12-25. "Changing the Face of Medicine | AliceHamilton". Nlm.nih.gov
Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
Harvard_T.H._Chan_School_of_Public_Health
the domestic policy of Donald Trump as the 45th president of the United States. Trump had mixed success in delivering on his domestic policy campaign promises
Domestic policy of the first Trump administration
Domestic_policy_of_the_first_Trump_administration
United States bill
providing open access to research publications produced as a result of all taxpayer-funded research. Previously the NIH Public Access Policy had issued an
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2014
Consolidated_Appropriations_Act,_2014
Conservative political initiative in the United States
Project 2025's policy recommendations constitute not restrictions but rather "medical safeguards" for women. Waters said she wanted the NIH to investigate
Project_2025
American medical researcher (1927-1995)
Accessed via NewsBank. "NIH Record," National Institutes of Health, January 4, 1972. Available via NIH: https://nihrecord.nih.gov/sites/recordNIH
George_G._Glenner
implemented in the 2017 NIH Certificates of Confidentiality Policy, all ongoing or new research funded wholly or in part by NIH as of December 13, 2016
Certificate of confidentiality
Certificate_of_confidentiality
Nonprofit open-access publisher
PLOS (for Public Library of Science; PLoS until 2012) is a nonprofit publisher of open-access journals in science, technology, and medicine and other
PLOS
and free markets, passed policies to encourage development of private business, and routinely criticized and defunded the public sector. Despite his support
Domestic policy of the Reagan administration
Domestic_policy_of_the_Reagan_administration
United States government agency
established as the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) in 1989 as a constituent unit of the Public Health Service (PHS) to enhance the quality
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
Agency_for_Healthcare_Research_and_Quality
American AIDS researcher and activist
intermediary between the two. The first major policy victory for Harrington and TAG was the report AIDS Research at the NIH: A Critical Review. Drafted in 1992
Mark Harrington (HIV/AIDS activist)
Mark_Harrington_(HIV/AIDS_activist)
American epidemiologist
specializing in open science, data science, and public access. In 2024 Paltoo was named acting deputy director of policy and external affairs, National Library
Dina_N._Paltoo
American politician (born 1946)
introduced in 2011. Both bills aim to reverse the NIH's Public Access Policy, which mandates open access to NIH-funded research. Some scientists criticized
Carolyn_Maloney
United States health survey
"Population measures of subjective cognitive decline: A means of advancing public health policy to address cognitive health". Alzheimer's & Dementia: Translational
Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System
Behavioral_Risk_Factor_Surveillance_System
World's largest medical library
of Medicine under Public Health Service administration in 1956. "Dr. Martin Cummings, NLM Director, To Retire Oct. 1" (PDF). The NIH Record. 35 (20): 9
United States National Library of Medicine
United_States_National_Library_of_Medicine
Online biomedical database
PubMed system was offered free to the public starting in June 1997. In addition to MEDLINE, PubMed provides access to: older references from the print version
PubMed
Overview of the vaccination policy in the United States of America
Vaccination policy of the United States is the subset of U.S. federal health policy that deals with immunization against infectious disease. It is decided
Vaccination policy of the United States
Vaccination_policy_of_the_United_States
U.S. health institute
Institutes of Health (NIH) in 2000, is located in Bethesda, Maryland. It is one of 27 institutes and centers that are part of NIH, an agency of the U.S
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
National_Institute_of_Biomedical_Imaging_and_Bioengineering
Algerian-American radiologist (born 1951)
criticism from a Republican Congress. Zerhouni implemented a policy requiring public access to NIH-funded research results. Zerhouni is on the board of the
Elias_Zerhouni
Symptoms reported by US and Canadian officials abroad
National Intelligence (ODNI) (2023), and National Institutes of Health (NIH) (2024).[citation needed] Several news organizations have also conducted
Havana_syndrome
Nonprofit organisation
activities are education, membership services, certification programs, public policy initiatives, and professional development programs. The key constituencies
Public Responsibility in Medicine and Research
Public_Responsibility_in_Medicine_and_Research
US government agency
under the Public Health Service Act; (3) carry out drills and operational exercises to identify, inform, and address gaps in and policies related to
Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response
Administration_for_Strategic_Preparedness_and_Response
American pediatric surgeon and public health administrator (1916–2013)
nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved on 2013-02-27. "The C. Everett Koop Papers: AIDS, the Surgeon General, and the Politics of Public Health". Profiles.nlm.nih.gov
C._Everett_Koop
Sequencing all the DNA of an individual at once
screening tool were deliberated and in 2021, further discussed.In 2021, the NIH funded BabySeq2, an implementation study that expanded the BabySeq project
Whole_genome_sequencing
Social equity in health
health. Disparities in health outcomes can be related to differences in access to social determinants of health, specifically from wealth, power and prestige
Health_equity
Prevention of oral disease and promotion of oral health
dental disease. Implementation of policies and principles varies due to availability of resources. Similar to public health, an understanding of the many
Dental_public_health
US response to the AIDS crisis
military, part of an economic policy which came to be known as Reaganomics, and public health agencies such as the CDC and NIH were no exception to these
Ronald_Reagan_and_AIDS
American ophthalmologist
the disability community are key for public health strategies. She co-chaired the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Advisory Committee to the Director
Bonnielin_Swenor
Government consumptions, investments, and transfer payments
spending are a major component of fiscal policy used to stabilize the macroeconomic business cycle. Public expenditure is spending made by the government
Government_spending
europepmc.org. Retrieved 2016-10-21. "PMC International". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2016-10-21. EMBL-EBI. "EMBL European Bioinformatics Institute"
List of academic databases and search engines
List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines
American scientist (born 1939)
374. doi:10.1093/jnci/92.5.374. ISSN 0027-8874. PMID 10699067. "Public access to NIH research made law". www.sciencecodex.com. Archived from the original
Harold_E._Varmus
Suicide method
Janet (2012). "Gun utopias? Firearm access and ownership in Israel and Switzerland". Journal of Public Health Policy. 33 (1): 46–58. doi:10.1057/jphp.2011
Suicide_by_firearm
Concept in research ethics
National Institutes of Health (NIH). Archived from the original on October 31, 2015. Retrieved 2023-10-10. NIH Policies and Procedures for Promoting Scientific
Scientific_integrity
Medical school in Madison, Wisconsin, US
in 2015–16. In 2019, the school ranked 28th among U.S. medical schools in NIH research grant funding received, with US$229 million received. Grants to
School of Medicine and Public Health (University of Wisconsin–Madison)
School_of_Medicine_and_Public_Health_(University_of_Wisconsin–Madison)
Nigerian social justice activist
mobilisation, and policy formulation related to AMR. Alongside her national appointment, Alakija currently to serve as Special Envoy for the Access to COVID-19
Ayoade_Olatunbosun-Alakija
in both at NIH and at NIH-funded institutions worldwide. The NIH HIV/AIDS Research Program, represents the world's largest public investment in AIDS research
Epidemiology_of_HIV/AIDS
Nigerian-American scientist (born 1978)
and specialist in maternal-fetal medicine. He is a 2024 recipient of the NIH Director's Pioneer Award, and has led influential pharmacologic research
Ahizechukwu_Eke
Public health school in Minneapolis, Minnesota, US
research powerhouse. With the growth of NIH and the increasing availability of substantial federal funding for public health research, Dean Stauffer recognized
University of Minnesota School of Public Health
University_of_Minnesota_School_of_Public_Health
US government agency funding alternative medicine research
President of the North Carolina Medical Association publicly called for shutting down the OAM. In 1998, NIH director and Nobel laureate Harold Varmus came
National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health
National_Center_for_Complementary_and_Integrative_Health
Defunct US government agency
assisted with immigration enforcement. Reports indicated that DOGE accessed and copied public and classified data from government databases to private servers
Department of Government Efficiency
Department_of_Government_Efficiency
U.S. presidential administration since 2025
gave were granted access to the president and shortly afterward several received presidential pardons, favorable regulatory and policy actions, or appointments
Second presidency of Donald Trump
Second_presidency_of_Donald_Trump
Country primarily in North America
North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-1-4696-4973-3. Smeeding, T. M. (2005). "Public Policy: Economic Inequality and Poverty: The United States in Comparative Perspective"
United_States
Means by which a person dies by suicide
include restricting access to pesticides, firearms, and commonly used drugs. Other important measures are the introduction of policies that address the misuse
Suicide_methods
American scientist, pediatrician, and advocate (born 1958)
November 17, 2017. "New NIH Council of Councils members named, April 26, 2011 News Release – National Institutes of Health (NIH)". Nih.gov. April 26, 2011
Peter_Hotez
President of the United States (2017–2021; since 2025)
unprecedented policy sparked public outrage in the country. Despite Trump initially blaming Democrats and insisting he could not stop the policy with an executive
Donald_Trump
Database of medical images for cancer research
archival service (link) "Data Usage Policies and Restrictions - The Cancer Imaging Archive (TCIA) Public Access - Cancer Imaging Archive Wiki". wiki
The_Cancer_Imaging_Archive
Exposing of scandalous activity
numerous decisions encourage and protect whistleblowing on grounds of public policy. Statutes state that an employer shall not take any adverse employment
Whistleblowing
US government division assisting the NIH
Stephen; Meyer, Payam; Santangelo, George (2019). "The NIH Open Citation Collection: A public access, broad coverage resource". PLOS Biol. 17 (10) e3000385
Office_of_Portfolio_Analysis
Database of toxic compounds
toxic chemicals by U.S. facilities CTD: Comparative Toxicogenomics Database Access to scientific data describing relationships between chemicals, genes and
Hazardous Substances Data Bank
Hazardous_Substances_Data_Bank
American politician (born 1954)
His tenure has been marked by controversial actions on vaccines, public health policy, and agency leadership that have drawn significant legal, scientific
Robert_F._Kennedy_Jr.
American university president (born 1955)
centers in Iowa and Illinois focusing on energy and policy research, while earning a Master of Public Administration from Southern Illinois University Carbondale
Michael_M._Crow
U.S. health research institute
original on 21 February 2014. Retrieved 14 February 2014. "Drug Policy Alliance: Souder to NIH: Harm Reduction Causes Harm". drugpolicy.org. 2 January 2008
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National_Institute_on_Drug_Abuse
The space policy of the United States includes the making of space policy through the legislative process and the implementation of that policy in the U
Space policy of the United States
Space_policy_of_the_United_States
Discredited academic publishing company
OMICS Publishing Group is a predatory publisher of open access academic journals. It started publishing its first journal in 2008. By 2015, it claimed
OMICS_Publishing_Group
Medicine and public health supported by mobile devices
diagnose and track diseases; timelier, more actionable public health information; and expanded access to ongoing medical education and training for health
MHealth
Physician, author and public health advocate
directed the city's public health recovery efforts after the 2015 Baltimore riots, including ensuring prescription medication access to seniors after the
Leana_Wen
Method of providing drug users with uninfected equipment
Some, such as the Columbus Public Health in Ohio weigh the returned sharps rather than counting. The practices and policies vary between needle and syringe
Needle_and_syringe_programmes
Academic paper prior to journal publication
Reporting Preprints and Other Interim Research Products". grants.nih.gov. Retrieved 2017-03-25. "NIH enables investigators to include draft preprints in grant
Preprint
Public university in Albany, New York, US
and public policy, to master's programs in political science, public administration and public policy, to doctorates in political science and public administration
University_at_Albany
audit was successfully released at an NIH re-authorization hearing in June 1990. It concluded that the NIH policy of 1986, which encouraged the inclusion
Society for Women's Health Research
Society_for_Women's_Health_Research
Pejorative term used to describe negative reactions to President Donald Trump
the world. However, according to Kathleen Hall Jamieson of Annenberg Public Policy Center, the term could backfire on Trump supporters because people might
Trump_derangement_syndrome
Extended family and heritage of Kamala Harris
earned a J.D. degree from Stanford Law School. She works as a lawyer, public policy advocate, and a television commentator. Harris married lawyer Tony West
Family_of_Kamala_Harris
Swiss academic publisher of open access journals
NCBI". www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 17 February 2024. Retrieved 8 June 2023. "Journals". Directory of Open Access Journals. Archived
Frontiers_Media
NIH PUBLIC-ACCESS-POLICY
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NIH PUBLIC-ACCESS-POLICY
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NIH PUBLIC-ACCESS-POLICY