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Device used in tank guns
A muzzle reference system (MRS) is a device used on most modern tank guns and some artillery systems that measures the bending of the barrel due to heat
Muzzle_reference_system
Smoothbore tank gun
provided to be adapted to a dynamic muzzle reference system to electro-optically measure the accurate position of the muzzle. The mechanical gyroscope type
CN08_120_mm_gun
British main battle tank
is fitted with a muzzle reference system and fume extractor, and is controlled by an all-electric control and stabilisation system. The turret has a
Challenger_2
Weapon
for an automatic loading system. L11A5 – This was the main production model. It introduced the integral Muzzle Reference System (MRS) and a smaller and
Royal_Ordnance_L11
British main battle tank of the 1960s-90s
suffix appended to the Mark No. The Muzzle Reference System uses a laser beam reflected from a mirror at the muzzle to measure minute dimensional changes
Chieftain_(tank)
2001 Chinese main battle tank
automatically measure, identify and correct firing errors with muzzle reference system (MRS) mounted at the tip of the gun barrel as well as position
Type_99_tank
Chinese Main battle tank
99A. Key examples are an automatic transmission system, 125 mm smoothbore cannon, muzzle reference system, FY-4 ERA, carousel-style autoloader, and overall
VT-4
South Korean main battle tank
drive system (EGTDS), and dynamic muzzle reference system (DMRS). The K2 is equipped with an advanced fire-control system linked to an Extremely High Frequency
K2_Black_Panther
American third-generation main battle tank
temperature, barometric pressure, a muzzle reference system (MRS) that determines and compensates for barrel drop at the muzzle due to gravitational pull and
M1_Abrams
North Korean main battle tank
The tank possesses a muzzle reference system to improve its accuracy when firing on the move. Hard kill active protection systems (APS) are fitted on the
Cheonma-2
Main battle tank family of German origin
included a new gun firing direction system with thermal imaging, a laser rangefinder and a muzzle reference system. At that time, four regiments were still
Leopard_1
Performance enhancing device for firearms
A muzzle booster or recoil booster is a device fixed to the muzzle of a firearm, intended to harness the energy of the escaping propellant to augment the
Muzzle_booster
Main battle tank
barrel is equipped with a gun stabilizer configured with a static muzzle reference system (SMRS).{{Citation needed}} The armor package was modified based
Altay_(tank)
Turretless main battle tank
nuclear biological chemical filter system, a new ballistic calculator able to fire on moving targets, a muzzle reference system, better damping of the suspension
Stridsvagn_103
Main battle tank
the Bharat Electronics Tank Fire-Control System AL 4420 with improved sight mounts and muzzle reference system. Plans called for 1100 Mark 1s to the Mark
Vijayanta
French tank gun
also fitted with a muzzle reference system (MRS) and the tropicalized variant of the Leclerc is fitted with a compressed air system for removing propellant
CN120-26
Indian main battle tank
ARDE-developed (Armament Research and Development Establishment) recoil system, muzzle reference system and fume extractor, which can fire a variety of guided or unguided
Arjun_(tank)
stoppages MRE – Meal Ready to Eat MRS – multiple rocket system MRS – muzzle reference system MRSI – Multiple Round Simultaneous Impact MRV(R) – Mechanised
Glossary of military abbreviations
Glossary_of_military_abbreviations
Smoothbore main battle tank gun
breech mechanism, increased chamber volume, no muzzle brake, a thermal sleeve, and a muzzle reference system (MRS) enabling it to be boresighted on a more
Rheinmetall_Rh-120
Pakistani main battle tank
citation][citation needed] It is equipped with a muzzle reference system and dual-axis stabilisation system. Elevation and azimuth control is achieved by
Al-Khalid_tank
Smoothbore tank gun
with more sophisticated gun and barrel sensors being added, a muzzle reference system would not be added as it's thought that by designers that internal
2A46_125_mm_gun
1970s experimental British tank
monocular gunners sight incorporating a laser rangefinder and muzzle reference system, magnification ×2–3 and ×10. Backup telescope with ×8 magnification
MBT-80
Anti-recoil gunbarrel attachment
A muzzle brake or recoil compensator is a device connected to, or a feature integral (ported barrel) to the construction of, the muzzle or barrel of a
Muzzle_brake
Wheeled tank destroyer
Galileo Avionica TURMS fire control system (the same as fitted to the Italian Ariete tank), a muzzle referencing system, and a fully digital ballistic computer
Centauro_(Tank_destroyer)
Kinetic energy of a bullet
Muzzle energy is the kinetic energy of a bullet as it is expelled from the muzzle of a firearm. Without consideration of factors such as aerodynamics
Muzzle_energy
Smoothbore tank gun
with static muzzle reference system (SMRS), and Altay's turret does not have breech opening motor and automatic feeding magazine system for autoloader
MKE_120_MM_55C
Gunbarrel attachment protective against burns and blast waves
A muzzle shroud, linear compensator, blast shield, forward blast diverter, or concussion reduction device (CRD) is a sleeve (either circular or otherwise)
Muzzle_shroud
Main battle tank
shape Two additional periscopes for the driver The fitting of a Muzzle Reference System (MRS) New sprocket and wider tracks Strengthened torsion bars suspension
Vickers_MBT_Mark_3
Device which reduces sound intensity or muzzle flash on a firearm
muzzle device that suppresses the blast created when a gun (firearm or airgun) is discharged, thereby reducing the acoustic intensity of the muzzle report
Silencer_(firearms)
Tracked heavy armoured fighting vehicle
anemometer and wind vane to correct for weather effects and a muzzle referencing system to correct for gun-barrel temperature, warping and wear. Two sightings
Tank
French bullpup assault rifle
0 g) ammo it has a muzzle velocity of 3,035 ft/s (925 m/s). During training with blank ammunition, a special plug is added to the muzzle of the FAMAS. This
FAMAS
Dog type
pointed muzzle, a double coat, and a tail that curves over the back. The name derives from the German Spitz(hund), meaning "pointed (dog)", in reference to
Spitz
Artillery used as a tank's main armament
earlier weapons by computerized fire-control systems, wind sensors, thermal sleeves, and muzzle referencing systems which compensate for barrel warping, wear
Tank_gun
System of operation used to provide energy to operate autoloading firearms
attractive in early designs. The system is no longer used in modern weapons. In 1884, Hiram Maxim patented a muzzle-cup system described in U.S. patent 319
Gas-operated_reloading
U.S.-developed artillery weapon
The M224 60 mm Lightweight Company Mortar System (LWCMS) is a smoothbore, muzzle-loading, high-angle-of-fire mortar used for close-in support of ground
M224_mortar
Sniper rifle
o’ clock rails. Sound suppressor: A muzzle mounted, detachable sound suppressor. Muzzle device: A compensator/muzzle brake compatible with the sound suppressor
M110 Semi-Automatic Sniper System
M110_Semi-Automatic_Sniper_System
Sniper rifle/anti-materiel rifle
M200 Intervention features the McArthur PGRS-1 muzzle brake, which can be used to reduce recoil. The muzzle brake is also removable and can be replaced by
CheyTac_Intervention
Soviet and Russian tank ammunition
weight (including sabot): 5.67 kg Projectile weight: 3.6 kg Muzzle velocity: 1800 m/s Muzzle energy: 5.8 MJ Penetration: 245 mm at 0° at 2000 m, 140 mm
125_mm_smoothbore_ammunition
Design of cannon and anti-tank launcher
almost instant force, to maximum muzzle velocity, the Rheinmetall concept pushes a projectile out a barrel at a slower muzzle velocity.[citation needed] As
High–low_system
Bolt action sniper rifle
Winchester Magnum sniper rifle systems to 1,370 m (1,500 yd), decrease wind deflection on bullets in flight and use a reduced muzzle flash propellant that remains
M24_Sniper_Weapon_System
Semi-automatic pistol
manufacturer, development started in 2011. Main development objectives included: Muzzle velocities high enough to consistently hit a 100×100 mm (15.5-sq.in.or 3
FK_BRNO_Field_Pistol
Semi-automatic / Straight-pull bolt action rifle
semi-automatic rifles. The rifle used a muzzle "gas-trap" system similar to the Bang rifle (other rifles including this system were the Gewehr 41 and early production
General_Liu_rifle
1974 Soviet 5.45×39mm assault rifle
Like the AK-47 and AKM, the muzzle is threaded for the installation of various muzzle devices such as the standard muzzle brake or a blank-firing adaptor
AK-74
Muzzle-loaded long gun
as the Kentucky rifle, Pennsylvania rifle, or American long rifle, is a muzzle-loading firearm used for hunting and warfare. It was one of the first commonly
Long_rifle
Breech-loading pistol
help counter the strong recoil, the Thunder had a muzzle brake and a hydraulic recoil reduction system called the nitrogen recoil controller. .50 caliber
Triple_Action_Thunder
Historic category for ships
determined a ship's rating were the carriage-mounted cannon, long-barreled, muzzle-loading guns that moved on 'trucks'—wooden wheels. The count did not include
Rating system of the Royal Navy
Rating_system_of_the_Royal_Navy
American 30mm autocannon (since 1977)
with feed system and drum, weighs 4,029 lb (1,828 kg) with a maximum ammunition load. It measures 19 ft 5+1⁄2 in (5.931 m) from the muzzle to the rearmost
GAU-8_Avenger
Sniper rifle/designated marksman rifle
The M25 Sniper Weapon System is a joint venture precision rifle built for the U.S. Army Special Forces and later adopted by the U.S. Navy SEALs. It was
M25_Sniper_Weapon_System
U.S. Army NGSW rifle
to about 9.84 lb (4.46 kg) for the original M7. SIG Sauer reported that muzzle velocity with the shorter barrel is about 2,800–2,900 feet per second, a
M7_rifle
Method to attach a weapon barrel and receiver
rifle). Muzzle threads are situated at the muzzle end of the barrel and can be used for mounting accessories such as a flash hider, suppressor or muzzle brake
Barrel_threads
British-designed medium weight mortar
to the bipod mount. The M252 is a gravity-fired smoothbore system. Attached to the muzzle of the weapon is the Blast Attenuation Device (BAD), used to
M252_mortar
Self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
utilizes two Oerlikon GDF, 90 calibres (3.15 m (10 ft 4 in)) long, with a muzzle velocity of 1,440 m/s (4,700 ft/s) (FAPDS (Frangible Armour Piercing Discarding
Flakpanzer_Gepard
Russian submachine gun
Its muzzle brake has three small rectangular ports on each side that serve to reduce muzzle rise, however their main purpose is to protect the muzzle from
PP-19-01_Vityaz
Heavy machine gun
breech block to a rotating bolt design. Additionally the gas system has been changed and the muzzle baffle redesigned. These changes give the weapon reduced
Kord_machine_gun
Man-portable multi-role weapon system
round arms after 20 to 70 m of flight, weighs 3.1 kg, and is fired at a muzzle velocity of 255 m/s. FFV448 is a programmable HE round with a Firebolt interface
Carl Gustaf 8.4 cm recoilless rifle
Carl_Gustaf_8.4_cm_recoilless_rifle
Muzzle-loading rifle
The M1841 Mississippi rifle is a muzzle-loading percussion rifle used in the Mexican–American War and the American Civil War. When Eli Whitney III took
M1841_Mississippi_rifle
25 mm rotary aircraft autocannon
minute Muzzle velocity: (HEI) 3,400 ft/s (1,040 m/s); (API) 3,280 ft/s (1,000 m/s) Projectile weight: (HEI) 6.5 oz (184 g); (API) 7.6 oz (215 g) Muzzle energy:
GAU-12_Equalizer
Type of projectile weapon
propellants for gun systems is the difficulty in getting uniform and predictable ignition and muzzle velocities. Variance with muzzle velocities affects
Combustion_light-gas_gun
German series of submachine guns/personal defence weapons
Combat) round with a 2.0-g (31 gr) projectile has a muzzle velocity of 720 m/s (2,362 ft/s) and a muzzle energy of 506 J (373 ft-lb). The DM11 round penetrates
Heckler_&_Koch_MP7
American armor-piercing tank round
7 in) DU penetrator with a 27 mm (1.1 in) rod diameter, which reaches a muzzle velocity of 1,670 meters per second (5,500 ft/s) using 8.1 kg (18 lb) of
M829
Swedish autocannon
standards electric turret drive system and digital fire control system with thermal imaging cameras, laser range finder, muzzle velocity radar for accurate
Bofors 40 mm Automatic Gun L/70
Bofors_40_mm_Automatic_Gun_L/70
American firearms manufacturer
American company that develops and manufactures firearms, firearm suppressors, muzzle devices and related accessories. Kevin Brittingham founded Advanced Armament
Advanced_Armament_Corporation
Semi-automatic pistol
and utilizes the same Super V System as the KRISS Vector, but in a much smaller package to minimize recoil and muzzle rise. It does not have a blowback
KRISS_KARD
Swedish 155 mm self-propelled howitzer
artillery system, or Archer – FH77 BW L52, or Artillerisystem 08, is a Swedish self-propelled howitzer system. The main piece of the system is a fully
Archer_artillery_system
Backward momentum of a gun when it is discharged
the weight of the firearm, and whether recoil buffering systems and muzzle devices (muzzle brake or suppressor) are employed. For this reason, establishing
Recoil
Small arms cartridge data
occur in the same load (e.g. the highest muzzle energy might not be in the same load as the highest muzzle velocity, since the bullet weights can differ
Table of handgun and rifle cartridges
Table_of_handgun_and_rifle_cartridges
Revolver used in the Russian Empire
close the gap between the cylinder and the barrel, providing a boost to the muzzle velocity of the bullet and allowing the weapon to be suppressed. Its design
Nagant_M1895
Soviet light support weapon and variants
of muzzle devices such as flash hiders, compensators, and blank-firing adapters. When a muzzle device is not being used, the threads on the muzzle can
RPK
Prussian bolt-action rifle
this ignition system with a bolt-action breech-loading design. This allowed the rifle to be loaded from the rear rather than the muzzle, significantly
Dreyse_needle_gun
System that detects and conveys the location of gunfire or other weapon fire
alerted to the position of enemy fire. A system that can hear minute differences in the arrival time of the muzzle blast and also hear a projectile's shockwave
Gunfire_locator
Muzzle-loading rifle
bayonet, similar to that of the Jäger rifle. The Baker was 45 inches from muzzle to butt, 12 inches shorter than the infantry musket, and weighed almost
Baker_rifle
Sniper rifle
The sniper rifles are mounted with a muzzle brake in order to help reduce the recoil, muzzle raise and muzzle flash of the weapon. Each country's rifles
Accuracy International Arctic Warfare
Accuracy_International_Arctic_Warfare
20 mm autocannon
closed until the projectile has exited from the barrel. This maximizes muzzle velocity and since the bolt was locked during firing, it could be lighter
Hispano-Suiza_HS.404
Revolver
containment system) ejected fifteen tungsten balls from the special cartridges, weighing 7.5 grain (0.5 grams) each, exiting at a muzzle velocity of around
OTs-38 Stechkin silent revolver
OTs-38_Stechkin_silent_revolver
Carbine of the United States
substantially lower muzzle velocity and greater muzzle flash, in comparison to longer M16 rifles and carbines. The lower muzzle velocity can reduce carbines'
CAR-15
Brand of semi-automatic rifles and carbines based on the AR-15 platform
- Shorty variant with 14.5-inch carbine SBR barrel with an AK-74-style muzzle brake permanently welded to the end to increase the overall length to 16
Bushmaster_XM-15
Bullet-resistant body armor system
more than a 50% chance of penetration. (An unlikely prospect, given the muzzle velocity of a typical 9mm handgun or submachine gun). The Interceptor cannot
Interceptor multi-threat body armor system
Interceptor_multi-threat_body_armor_system
Autocannon
Rheinmetall Air Defence AG following the merger with Rheinmetall in 2009). The system was originally designated 2 ZLA/353 ML but this was later changed to GDF-001
Oerlikon_GDF
.22 caliber rimfire cartridge used in rifles, pistols, revolvers, and submachine guns
a 40-grain (2.6 g) bullet, giving it a longer overall length, a higher muzzle velocity, and superior performance as a hunting and target round, rendering
.22_long_rifle
PDW cartridge designed for HK MP7
uses a 2-g copper-plated steel bullet projectile at 720 m/s (2,362 ft/s) muzzle velocity. The DM11 Penetrator cartridge is designed for the MP7. The Ultimate
HK_4.6×30mm
Firearms brand
scope H&R Ultra-Varmint-Rifle .223 Rem with red dot sight H&R produced muzzle loading firearms under the Huntsman and Sidekick models, during two different
Harrington_&_Richardson
Russian submachine gun
rifling pitch. The gun's muzzle device has a large rectangular port on each side of dead center that serves to reduce muzzle jump, although the main purpose
PP-19_Bizon
Revolver
meters per second), generating 2,416 foot-pounds force (3,276 joules) of muzzle energy. This revolver uses gain-twist rifling, starting with a slow twist
Smith_&_Wesson_Model_460
Electromagnetic projectile launcher
power systems, and disc generators. For potential military applications, railguns are usually of interest because they can achieve much greater muzzle velocities
Railgun
Italian breed of mastiff
well-defined stop. The top of the cranium is flat and slightly convergent to the muzzle. The eyes are oval in shape, and set well apart. The iris of the eye should
Cane_Corso
Bullpup anti materiel rifle
Hunter is a bolt-action bullpup with a rotating bolt, and is equipped with a muzzle brake. The bolt has a special flag indicator that allows controlling the
Snipex_Rhino_Hunter
Russian large-caliber bullpup rifle
below the fore end or a 40mm underbarrel grenade launcher. Muzzle devices include a muzzle brake or a quickly-detachable suppressor.[citation needed]
ShAK-12
Austrian bullpup assault rifle
constructed from multiple polymers and aluminium components. The AUG comes with a muzzle cap, spare bolt for left-handed shooters, blank-firing adaptor, cleaning
Steyr_AUG
Russian shotgun
factory Picatinny rails. Additionally, it includes a specially designed muzzle device that allows the use of "breaching" ammunition (for breaking door
Saiga-12
German service rifle from 1898 to 1935
bayonet lug eliminated the addition of a muzzle ring. The advantage of this solution lies in the fact that muzzle rings can interfere with barrel oscillation
Gewehr_98
Swedish musket
The Swedish infantry musket, or the Swedish Land Pattern Musket, was a muzzle-loaded 0.63 (16.002 mm) to 0.81 (20.7mm)-inch calibre smoothbored long gun
Swedish_Land_Pattern_Musket
Assault rifle
by shifting mass toward the muzzle of the rifle as the bolt and bolt carrier recoil rearward. The AL-7 and its BARS system were never adopted by the Soviet
AL-7
Type of close-in weapon system
The Rheinmetall Sea Snake 30 mm is a close-in weapon system designed by Rheinmetall Air Defence AG for mounting on ships. It is based on the KCE30 30 mm
Rheinmetall_Sea_Snake_30_mm
Belgian bullpup assault rifle
the right of the muzzle. Any cases remaining after firing has ceased, can be cleared by tilting the rifle muzzle down. This system is patent protected
FN_F2000
Rifle cartridge
Magnum sniper rifle systems to 1,500 yards (1,370 m), decrease wind deflection on bullets in flight and use Hodgdon H1000, a reduced muzzle flash propellant
.300_Winchester_Magnum
Swiss experimental battle rifle
with a gas-operated action and a tilting-bolt locking system, and could be fitted with a muzzle device for launching rifle grenades. The later Sturmgewehr
Sturmgewehr_52
Close-in weapon system
greater destructive power and significantly increased range with similar muzzle velocity. The 30x173mm MPDS cartridge has a discarding nylon sleeve (sabot)
Goalkeeper_CIWS
Semi-automatic rifle
the .30-06 Springfield round. It was gas operated, using a sliding muzzle cup system blown forward by the combustion gases while the bullet emerged from
M1922_Bang_rifle
Indian 155 mm howitzer
positioning system, auto laying system, muzzle velocity radar, safety interlocks and redundancy systems.The gun can fire up to Zone 7 bi-modular charge system. The
ATAGS_(howitzer)
Designated marksman rifle
This same scope mounting system is used on the HK21E, HK23E, and G41 (discontinued) series. The barrel is weighted at the muzzle to aid stabilization of
Heckler_&_Koch_PSG1
MUZZLE REFERENCE-SYSTEM
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MUZZLE REFERENCE-SYSTEM