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American historian and educator (born 1945)
Melvyn Paul Leffler (born May 31, 1945) is an American historian and educator, currently Edward Stettinius Professor of History at the University of Virginia
Melvyn_P._Leffler
Surname list
Cathedral, Seattle (1951-1971) Marta Leffler (1903–1990), American actress better known as Marta Linden Melvyn P. Leffler, American historian, and Edward Stettinius
Leffler
Name list
canoer Melvyn P. Leffler (born 1945), American historian and professor Melvyn Levitsky (born 1938), American diplomat and former ambassador Melvyn Lorenzen
Melvyn
Global conflict (1939–1945)
(2005). "The United States, the Cold War, and the colour line". In Melvyn P. Leffler; David S. Painter (eds.). Origins of the Cold War: An International
World_War_II
Associate professor of international history
London: Routledge. 2005. ISBN 978-0-415-34109-7. (Co-editor with Melvyn P. Leffler). The Cold War: An International History. London: Routledge. 1999
David_S._Painter
Codification of beliefs
(Volume 57, Issue 4). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-09-27. Melvyn P. Leffler, "From the Truman Doctrine to the Carter Doctrine: Lessons and Dilemmas
Doctrine
Study of the methods used by historians
Peter Burke, What is Cultural History? (2nd ed. 2008), p. 140 ISBN 978-0745644103 Melvyn P. Leffler, "New Approaches, Old Interpretations, and Prospective
Historiography
1956 quote by Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev
"Khrushchev Tirade Again Irks Envoys", The New York Times, November 19, 1956, p. 1. Умер личный переводчик Хрущева и Брежнева Виктор Суходрев. Komsomolskaya
We_will_bury_you
Country in the Caribbean
Gleijeses, Piero (2010). "Cuba and the Cold War, 1959–1980". In Melvyn P. Leffler & Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume II:
Cuba
Italian economist and sociologist (1937–2009)
2005, in press. "The world economy and the Cold War, 1970–1990". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Giovanni_Arrighi
An almost immediate move to challenge Gaddis' framework came from Melvyn P. Leffler, who "demonstrated that it was not so much the actions of the Kremlin
Historiography of the Cold War
Historiography_of_the_Cold_War
American university press
National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War, by Melvyn P. Leffler (1992) Homo Sacer: Sovereign Power and Bare Life, by Giorgio Agamben
Stanford_University_Press
Group of ideologies that advocate the concept of globalization
ISBN 978-0-06-012447-2. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2010). "The emergence of an American grand strategy, 1945–1952". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds
Globalism
1952 film
complete artificiality" of the Soviet pictures based on similar themes. Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad cited it as one of the Cold War films that presented
The_Condemned_Village
Leader of the Soviet Union from 1964 to 1982
citizens. Bacon & Sandle 2002, p. 28. Service 2009, p. 417. Service 2009, p. 418. Service 2009, p. 423. P.Leffler, Melvyn (2008). For the Soul of Mankind :
Leonid_Brezhnev
1947 anti-communist article by American diplomat George F. Kennan
Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-49661-8. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2005). "National security and US foreign policy". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Painter, David S. (eds.). Origins
X_Article
U.S. foreign policy doctrine
Edelman: The Strange Career of the 1992 Defense Planning Guidance. In: Melvyn P. Leffler und Jeffrey W. Legro (Hrsg.): Uncertain Times: American Policy After
Wolfowitz_Doctrine
Post-World War II occupation of Germany
(1945) is available for free viewing and download at the Internet Archive The Struggle for Germany and the Origins of the Cold War by Melvyn P. Leffler
Allied-occupied_Germany
President of the United States from 1981 to 1989
of Afghanistan undermined the Soviet system itself. Nevertheless, Melvyn P. Leffler called Reagan "Gorbachev's minor, yet indispensable partner, setting
Ronald_Reagan
American political scientist and professor
the massive realignments before and after World Wars I and II. With Melvyn Leffler, Legro co-edited the 2008 book To Lead the World: American Strategy
Jeffrey_W._Legro
American historian and academic (born 1941)
[1972]. ISBN 978-0-231-12239-9. "Grand Strategies in the Cold War". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
John_Lewis_Gaddis
Unsuccessful 1986 Soviet-American diplomatic summit
Michael (1 October 1986). "Gorvachov to meet Reagan for 'summit'". The Times. p. 1. Lohr, Steve (1 October 1986). "Summit Diplomacy: Challenge for Little
Reykjavík_Summit
Opponents of Soviet ideology
ISBN 978-0-691-04859-8. Mitchell, Nancy (2011). "The Cold War and Jimmy Carter". In Melvyn P. Leffler; Odd Arne Westad (eds.). Volume III: Endings. The Cambridge History
Soviet_dissidents
"Decolonization, the global South, and the Cold War, 1919–1962". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Economy_of_the_Soviet_Union
Asia, 1954–1962", in The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Vol 1 in Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds. (2010), pp. 353–375 Radchenko, Sergey, and
History of Sino-Russian relations
History_of_Sino-Russian_relations
opaque, remote, distant, and inscrutable," says historian Melvyn P. Leffler. According to James P. Pfiffner, University Professor of Public Policy at George
Political positions of Ronald Reagan
Political_positions_of_Ronald_Reagan
Aftermath of WW2 until Reunification era
of the Cold War Archived 27 August 2016 at the Wayback Machine by Melvyn P. Leffler Contemporary History maintained by the Institute for Contemporary
History of Germany (1945–1990)
History_of_Germany_(1945–1990)
American historian
and the World Economy", in The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds. (3 vols., Cambridge: Cambridge University
Charles_S._Maier
Theory in international relations
p 30. Melvyn P. Leffler, "9/11 and the Past and Future of American Foreign Policy", Royal Institute of International Affairs, (79/5, October 2003), p
Balance of power (international relations)
Balance_of_power_(international_relations)
American historian (1931–2018)
Zeitschrift, JSTOR 27623126 C. H. D. Howard, History, JSTOR 24418284 Melvyn P. Leffler, The American Historical Review, doi:10.1086/ahr/87.1.191, JSTOR 1863377
Sally_Marks
History of the capital city of Lithuania
ISBN 0-7864-0371-3. Melvyn P. Leffler; Odd Arne Westad, The Cambridge History of the Cold War (vol. 1), Cambridge University Press, 2012, ISBN 978-13-16-02561-1, p. 179
History_of_Vilnius
American historian (born 1949)
"US national security policy from Eisenhower to Kennedy" (PDF). In Melvyn P. Leffler & Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume
Robert_J._McMahon
British international relations scholar
"Incredibly Swift Transition": Reflections on the End of the Cold War', in Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad (eds.), The Cambridge History of the Cold War
Adam_Roberts_(scholar)
Day of the year
128–133. Melvyn P. Leffler (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War. Stanford University Press. p. 266
January_5
(Glasgow: AD Hamilton, 1976) Melvyn P. Leffler; Odd Arne Westad (2010). The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Cambridge U.P. p. 381. ISBN 9780521837194.
Timeline of British diplomatic history
Timeline_of_British_diplomatic_history
Overview of United States foreign policy from 1993 to 2001
Crisis of Opportunity: The Clinton Administration and Russia " in Melvyn P. Leffler and Jeffrey W. Legro, eds. In uncertain times: American foreign policy
Foreign policy of the Clinton administration
Foreign_policy_of_the_Clinton_administration
Month of 1946
Francis, 2000) Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1 (Cambridge University Press, 2010) p. 140 Gene D.
August_1946
——— (2010). "The Indochina wars and the Cold War, 1945–1975". In Melvyn P. Leffler; Odd Arne Westad (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume
Bibliography of the Vietnam War
Bibliography_of_the_Vietnam_War
American political endorsements
Science, and Women's Studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison Melvyn P. Leffler, historian, Edward Stettinius Professor of History at the University
List of Kamala Harris 2024 presidential campaign non-political endorsements
List_of_Kamala_Harris_2024_presidential_campaign_non-political_endorsements
1989 deaths of Romanian leader and his wife
Publishing. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7546-8029-1. Schabas, William (2000). Genocide in International Law: The Crimes of Crimes. Cambridge University Press. p. 392.
Trial and execution of Nicolae and Elena Ceaușescu
Trial_and_execution_of_Nicolae_and_Elena_Ceaușescu
Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the Medieval Academy of America Melvyn P. Leffler (B.S. 1966) – Edward Stettinius Professor and former chairman of the
List of Cornell University alumni
List_of_Cornell_University_alumni
German communist and propagandist
Cold War after Mao," in The Cambridge History of the Cold War, ed. Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010)
Eugenia_Nobel
Italian historian (born 1944)
1978. ISBN 978-0-801-82025-0. "Cuba and the Cold War, 1959–1980". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Piero_Gleijeses
(1984): 319–338. Melvyn P. Leffler (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration, and the Cold War. p. 102. ISBN 9780804722186
History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom
History_of_the_foreign_relations_of_the_United_Kingdom
Affairs. Retrieved 30 August 2013. >Washington Post, July 1990 Review by Melvyn P Leffler The International history review. 26, no. 1, (2004): 221 Review by
Henry_R._Nau
Russian defector to Canada (1919–1982)
Vancouver Sun. June 29, 1982. p. 11. Picton, John (June 30, 1982). "He Trusted Reporters More Than Mounties". The Toronto Star. p. 14. "Gouzenko honoured by
Igor_Gouzenko
Crisis of Opportunity: The Clinton Administration and Russia" in Melvyn P. Leffler and Jeffrey W. Legro, eds. In uncertain times: American foreign policy
History of the foreign policy of the United States
History_of_the_foreign_policy_of_the_United_States
40-year sentence for espionage committed at NSA station in Germany Robert P. Hanssen, FBI agent given 15 consecutive life sentences; betrayed existence
List of Eastern Bloc agents in the United States
List_of_Eastern_Bloc_agents_in_the_United_States
American politician (1927–2024)
Fredrik (2010). "The Indochina wars and the Cold War, 1945–1975". In Melvyn P. Leffler and Odd Arne Westad, eds., The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Pete_McCloskey
Professorship at the University of Oxford
(1998) Robin W. Winks (1999) T. H. Breen (2000) David Hollinger (2001) Melvyn P. Leffler (2002) Richard R. Beeman (2003) Joel H. Silbey (2004) Kathryn Kish
Harold Vyvyan Harmsworth Professor of American History
Harold_Vyvyan_Harmsworth_Professor_of_American_History
American award for scholarship on European international history since 1895
Liberation of Europe 2008 — Melvyn P. Leffler, For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War 2007 — J.P. Daughton, An Empire
AHA Prize in European International History
AHA_Prize_in_European_International_History
Self-perpetuating system with no other purpose
2009). "CON TEXT: SELF-LICKING ICE CREAM CONE". The Irish Times. Leffler, Melvyn P.; Legro, Jeffrey W. (May 15, 2011). In Uncertain Times: American Foreign
Self-licking_ice_cream_cone
the People's Republic of China and the road to the Korean War". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War.
List of wars involving the People's Republic of China
List_of_wars_involving_the_People's_Republic_of_China
1946 US proposal for international control of nuclear energy
could almost always be outvoted. Scholars such as David S. Painter, Melvyn Leffler, and James Carroll have questioned whether or not the Baruch Plan was
Baruch_Plan
1966, p. 152 Leffler, Melvyn P. (2007). For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War. New York: Hill and Wang. p. 192
List of dignitaries at the state funeral of John F. Kennedy
List_of_dignitaries_at_the_state_funeral_of_John_F._Kennedy
Bilateral relations
ISSN 0026-3206. JSTOR 4284040. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1985).pp. 821–822 Lippe, John M. Vander (2000), pp. 95–96 Leffler, Melvyn P. (1985).pp. 822 – 824 NATO
Turkey_in_NATO
Anti-Communist repression period in Greece 1945–1946
Rajak, Svetoslav (2010). "The Cold War in the Balkans, 1945–1956". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
White_Terror_(Greece)
1945 WWII allied discussion of postwar reorganization
Retrieved November 7, 2022. Melvyn Leffler, Cambridge History of the Cold War, Volume 1 (Cambridge University Press, 2012), p. 175. Diana Preston, Eight
Yalta_Conference
American intelligence officer (1907–1972)
Montague: 25 Year Re-Review" (PDF). CIA Reading Room. March 4, 2009. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1994). "Review of General Walter Bedell Smith as Director of Central
Ludwell_Lee_Montague
Military doctrine focusing on using more force in retaliation to an attack
"Washington: "Massive Retaliation" Is "2X" Now". The New York Times. Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne, eds. (2010), The Cambridge History of the Cold
Massive_retaliation
American historian (1932–2014)
(2): 869–871. doi:10.2307/1959625. JSTOR 1959625. S2CID 263531913. Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne, eds. (2010a). The Cambridge History of the Cold
Gabriel_Kolko
Mass killing during the Greek Civil War
Rajak, Svetoslav (2010). "The Cold War in the Balkans, 1945–1956". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Massacre of the First Sapper Battalion
Massacre_of_the_First_Sapper_Battalion
American economist and U.S. government official
Dollar Diplomacy, 1900–1930. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. p. 108. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1979). The Elusive Quest: America's Pursuit of European Stability
Arthur_N._Young
World War II summit
1944–1953". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). Origins. The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press. p. 175. doi:10
Moscow_Conference_(1944)
Norwegian historian (born 1960)
co-edited the three-volume Cambridge History of the Cold War (2010) with Melvyn Leffler. His Restless Empire: China and the World since 1750 (2012) surveys
Odd_Arne_Westad
No.16., p.14. Acheson, Dean 1969 “Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department.” W.W. Norton & Company, p.435. Leffler, Melvyn “The Struggle
North Atlantic Council Fifth Session
North_Atlantic_Council_Fifth_Session
Founder of al-Qaeda (1957–2011)
'terror' plots in 2010". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 25 December 2025. Leffler, Melvyn P. (23 January 2023). "What Really Took America to War in Iraq". The
Osama_bin_Laden
1947–1991 geopolitical rivalry between US and USSR
aspects of international law. M. Nijhoff. ISBN 978-0-7923-1379-3. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2008). For The Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union
Cold_War
Terrorism allegations against the U.S.
1975–1991". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Vol. 3. Cambridge University Press. p. 230. ISBN 978-1107602311
United States and state terrorism
United_States_and_state_terrorism
United States foreign policy regarding authoritarian governments
view. Chirico 2014, p. 70. Vine 2017. Coatsworth, John Henry (2012). "The Cold War in Central America, 1975–1991". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne
U.S. policy towards authoritarianism
U.S._policy_towards_authoritarianism
Group of states aligned with the United States during the Cold War
('Iron Curtain' Speech)". Winston Churchill. Retrieved 20 May 2025. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration
Western_Bloc
Anti-Soviet U.S. Cold War foreign policy
Policy, 1945–1954. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 978-0-06-012447-2. Leffler, Melvyn P. "Strategy, Diplomacy, and the Cold War: the United States, Turkey
Truman_Doctrine
American judge and politician (1876–1954)
American Communist Hunt, Hanover: Steerforth Press, 2004 page 475 Leffler, Melvyn P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration
Pat_McCarran
Political and economic system
doi:10.1177/0003603X1305800409. ISSN 0003-603X. S2CID 153333622. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2017-08-02). Safeguarding Democratic Capitalism. Princeton University
Democratic_capitalism
Communists were excluded from government in Italy and France
from the 20th to the 21st Century. Psychology Press. p. 514. ISBN 978-0-415-28954-2. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power: National Security
May_1947_crises
Former leader of the French Communist Party (1900–1964)
(1900–1964)". Université du Québec à Montréal. Retrieved 15 July 2026. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1992). A Preponderance of Power. National Security, the Truman Administration
Maurice_Thorez
2001–2009 U.S. presidential administration
(2): 207–224. doi:10.1111/j.1741-5705.2010.03755.x. JSTOR 23044817. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2011). "9/11 in Retrospect: George W. Bush's Grand Strategy, Reconsidered"
Presidency_of_George_W._Bush
War (3 vol. 2010) online Archived 2016-08-20 at the Wayback Machine Leffler, Melvyn P. and Odd Arne Westad, eds. The Cambridge History of the Cold War:
Bibliography_of_the_Cold_War
Current period of history
Third Reich at War. Penguin. pp. 251–255. ISBN 978-1-59420-206-3. Leffler, Melvyn P. (1993). A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration
Modern_era
International spending of petroleum export revenues
"Soviet foreign policy from détente to Gorbachev, 1975–1985". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War:
Petrodollar_recycling
Western European political ideology
Archive. Pons, Silvio (2010). "The rise and fall of Eurocommunism". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War.
Eurocommunism
Leader of Yugoslavia from 1943 to 1980
1668. ISBN 978-0-313-32383-6. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2009). The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Cambridge University Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-521-83719-4
Josip_Broz_Tito
Phase of the Cold War
Xue Litai, Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao and the Korean War (1993) Leffler, Melvyn. A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration
Cold_War_(1948–1953)
1980 U.S. foreign policy
(1): 117–146. doi:10.2307/2148118. ISSN 0032-3195. JSTOR 2148118. LEFFLER, MELVYN P. (1983). "From the Truman Doctrine to the Carter Doctrine: Lessons
Carter_Doctrine
American politician and lawyer (1893–1971)
Averell Harriman, George Kennan, Robert Lovett, and John J. McCloy. Leffler, Melvyn P. "Strategy, Diplomacy, and the Cold War: the United States, Turkey
Dean_Acheson
Soviet statesman (1902–1982)
Group. p. 126. ISBN 978-0-275-97036-9. Leffler, Melvyn P. (2009). The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Vol. 1. Cambridge University Press. p. 369.
Mikhail_Suslov
Expansion of American political, economic, and military influence
the International History of the 1940s. OUP Oxford. p. 304. ISBN 978-0-19-160866-7. Leffler, Melvyn P. (April 1, 1984). "The American Conception of National
American_imperialism
Informal agreement
1944–1953". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). Origins. The Cambridge History of the Cold War. Vol. I. Cambridge University Press. p. 175. doi:10
Percentages_agreement
Battle of the Greek Civil War (1948)
Rajak, Svetoslav (2010). "The Cold War in the Balkans, 1945–1956". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War,
Battle_of_Kalavryta
1948–1954: A period of tension and disputes between Albania and Yugoslavia
border closure transformed the 1913 grievance into a collective trauma Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (2010-03-25). The Cambridge History of the Cold
Albanian–Yugoslav border conflict (1948–1954)
Albanian–Yugoslav_border_conflict_(1948–1954)
American diplomat and international relations scholar (born 1954)
Zelikow, Philip (2011). "U.S. Strategic Planning in 2001–2002". In Melvyn Leffler & Jeffrey Legro (ed.). In Uncertain Times: American Foreign Policy After
Philip_Zelikow
University Press. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-674-05866-8. Pravda, Alex (2010). "The collapse of the Soviet Union, 1990–1991". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne
Consequences and legacy of the Soviet–Afghan War
Consequences_and_legacy_of_the_Soviet–Afghan_War
Statement based on repeated empirical observations that describes some natural phenomenon
corresponds to the structure at the top of the energy barrier. The Hammond–Leffler postulate states that this structure looks most similar to the product
Scientific_law
Turkish politician (1883–1986)
Political development 1919–1969. Istanbul: Fakültler Matbaasi. p. 77. P. Leffler, Melvyn (1 March 1985). "Strategy, Diplomacy, and the Cold War: The United
Celâl_Bayar
1945 Allied meeting on the postwar world
Archive. Leffler, Melvyn P., "For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and the Cold War, First Edition, (New York, 2007) p. 31. Miscamble
Potsdam_Conference
Final phase of the Cold War
Poland, the Philippines, Chile, South Africa, Ukraine, and China Leffler, Melvyn P. For the Soul of Mankind: The United States, the Soviet Union, and
Cold_War_(1985–1991)
Top-secret policy paper
an accurate picture of a genuine and growing threat. Cold War expert Melvyn Leffler describes the characterization of the Soviet threat in the document
NSC_68
Period within the Cold War
Xue Litai, Uncertain Partners: Stalin, Mao and the Korean War (1993) Leffler, Melvyn. A Preponderance of Power: National Security, the Truman Administration
Cold_War_(1947–1948)
IMF and World Bank loans to countries in crisis
Giovanni (2010). "The world economy and the Cold War, 1970–1990". In Leffler, Melvyn P.; Westad, Odd Arne (eds.). The Cambridge History of the Cold War.
Structural_adjustment
Land warfare branch of the Soviet Armed Forces (1946–1992)
April 2025. Urban 1985. House 1984, p. 142. Feskov et al 2013, pp. 146, 147. Feskov et al 2013, p. 119. P. Leffler, Melvyn (1 March 1985). "Strategy, Diplomacy
Soviet_Army
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