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Combining signals in telecommunications
In telecommunications, maximum-ratio combining (MRC), or maximal-ratio combining, is a method of diversity combining in which: the signals from each channel
Maximum-ratio_combining
Hybrid error-detection and correction code in communications
soft combining methods in HARQ: Chase combining: every re-transmission contains the same information (data and parity bits). The receiver uses maximum-ratio
Hybrid automatic repeat request
Hybrid_automatic_repeat_request
broadcasting technology. His other notable inventions include maximum ratio combining used in multiple output systems. Leonard also developed the Symmetra
Leonard_R._Kahn
Method in wireless communication systems
respect to the transmit-and-receive processes, like a maximum-ratio combining (MRC) and maximum-ratio transmission (MRT). The STLC scheme provides full diversity
Space–time_code
Number, approximately 1.618
In mathematics, two quantities are in the golden ratio if their ratio is the same as the ratio of their sum to the larger of the two quantities. Expressed
Golden_ratio
Quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of
Therapeutic_index
Combustion chamber capacity ratio
The compression ratio is the ratio between the maximum and minimum volume during the compression stage of the power cycle in a piston or Wankel engine
Compression_ratio
Building density measurement
plot. Lower maximum-allowed floor area ratios are linked to lower land values and lower housing density. Stringent limits on floor area ratios lead to less
Floor_area_ratio
Use of multiple antennas in radio
exploited using simple beamforming strategies such as maximum ratio transmission (MRT), maximum ratio-combining (MRC) or zero forcing (ZF). To achieve these benefits
MIMO
Height/width proportion of an image
The aspect ratio of an image is the ratio of its width to its height. It is expressed as two numbers separated by a colon, in the format width:height.
Aspect_ratio_(image)
Gearing that lowers engine revolutions
air resistance equals that maximum power. There is therefore one specific gear ratio at which the car can achieve its maximum speed: the one that matches
Overdrive_(mechanics)
Measure used in radio engineering and telecommunications
transmission line, and SWR is defined as the ratio of the partial standing wave's amplitude at an antinode (maximum) to the amplitude at a node (minimum) along
Standing_wave_ratio
which gives it four times the baseline data rate. Note: MRC (Maximum Ratio Combining) is vendor discretionary and improves rate and range. In WiMAX
WiMAX_MIMO
Type of space diversity
MIMO Antenna diversity Diversity schemes Diversity combining Maximum ratio combining Selective combining Diversity gain Microdiversity Many Antennas Multistatic
Macrodiversity
Statistic quantifying the association between two events
odds ratio (OR) is a statistic that quantifies the strength of the association between two events, A and B. The odds ratio is defined as the ratio of the
Odds_ratio
Maximum rate of oxygen consumption as measured during incremental exercise
3{\text{ mL}}/({\text{kg}}\cdot {\text{minute}})} This equation uses the ratio of maximum heart rate (HRmax) to resting heart rate (HRrest) to predict V̇O2 max
VO2_max
Influence on an oscillating physical system which reduces or prevents its oscillation
to gradually decay in amplitude towards zero or attenuate. The damping ratio is a dimensionless measure, amongst other measures, that characterises how
Damping
Photography genre and techniques of extreme close-up pictures
with a maximum reproduction ratio (i.e., at closest focus) of approximately 1:10 for practical and optical considerations. Reproduction ratios much greater
Macro_photography
Compression-ignition engine plus turbine connected to one drive shaft
Combined diesel and gas (CODAG) is a type of propulsion system for ships that need a maximum speed that is considerably faster than their cruise speed
Combined_diesel_and_gas
Function related to statistics and probability theory
Likelihood principle Likelihood-ratio test Likelihoodist statistics Maximum likelihood estimation Principle of maximum entropy Pseudolikelihood Score (statistics)
Likelihood_function
Automotive transmission technology
pulleys. The radial thickness of the belt is a compromise between the maximum gear ratio and torque. Steel-reinforced V-belts are sufficient for low-mass,
Continuously variable transmission
Continuously_variable_transmission
Component of the Human Development Index
literacy rate (with two-thirds weighting) and the combined primary, secondary, and tertiary gross enrollment ratio (with one-third weighting). Education is a
Education_Index
Proportion of observed intensity to ideal intensity, in astronomical imaging
S} is frequently defined as the ratio of the peak aberrated image intensity from a point source compared to the maximum attainable intensity using an ideal
Strehl_ratio
of maximum bit rate, maximum luma sample rate, maximum luma picture size, minimum compression ratio, maximum number of slices allowed, and maximum number
High Efficiency Video Coding tiers and levels
High_Efficiency_Video_Coding_tiers_and_levels
Ways inequality is measured
indicates perfect equality and 1 (100%) indicates maximum inequality. The Galt score is a simple ratio of a company's CEO pay to the pay of that company's
Income_inequality_metrics
Mechanical transmission using multiple gears
of gears and gear trains include: The gear ratio of the pitch circles of mating gears defines the speed ratio and the mechanical advantage of the gear set
Gear_train
Logarithmic unit expressing the ratio of physical quantities
the ratio of two values of a power or root-power quantity on a logarithmic scale. Two signals whose levels differ by one decibel have a power ratio of
Decibel
Number of students divided by number of teachers
student–teacher ratio or student–faculty ratio refers to the number of students for every teacher in a school. For example, a student–teacher ratio of 10:1 indicates
Student–teacher_ratio
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
12-valve Compression ratio: 10.0–11.0 Maximum power: 65–68 PS (48–50 kW; 64–67 hp) at 6000 rpm 59 PS (43 kW; 58 hp) at 6000 rpm (CNG) Maximum torque: 90 N⋅m
Suzuki_K_engine
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
Naturally aspirated, the compression ratio is 10.0. Maximum output is 58 PS (57 hp; 43 kW) at 7,600 rpm and maximum torque is 57 N⋅m (42 lbf⋅ft) at 5,600 rpm
Daihatsu_J-series_engine
Probability distribution
A ratio distribution (also known as a quotient distribution) is a probability distribution constructed as the distribution of the ratio of random variables
Ratio_distribution
Distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing
The maximal total range is the maximum distance an aircraft can fly between takeoff and landing. Powered aircraft range is limited by the aviation fuel
Range_(aeronautics)
Problem in computational complexity theory
computational complexity theory, the maximum satisfiability problem (MAX-SAT) is the problem of determining the maximum number of clauses, of a given Boolean
Maximum satisfiability problem
Maximum_satisfiability_problem
Indian medical officer recruitment exam for various civil health services
duration, each carrying a maximum of 250 marks. Both papers are attempted on the same day. Paper I Maximum Marks : 250 Paper II Maximum Marks : 250 Candidates
Combined Medical Services Examination
Combined_Medical_Services_Examination
Sum for determining mortgage payments
more than a certain maximum percentage of the borrower's monthly gross income—that is, they specify maximum debt-to-income ratios (DTIs). The two DTIs
PITI
Circa 24,000–16,000 BCE; most recent era when ice sheets were at their greatest extent
The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), also referred to as the Last Glacial Coldest Period, was the most recent time during the Last Glacial Period where ice
Last_Glacial_Maximum
Topics referred to by the same term
can hold while maintaining a given potential energy Capacity factor, the ratio of the actual output of a power plant to its theoretical potential output
Capacity
Number, approximately 1.3247
In mathematics, the plastic ratio is a geometrical proportion, given by the unique real solution of the equation x3 = x + 1. Its decimal expansion begins
Plastic_ratio
Climbing athletic assessment and scouting event
BFL Climbing Combine evaluates athletes using a series of strength, power, and control-based tests. These include bench press maximums, weighted pull-ups
BFL_Climbing_Combine
Computational problem in graph theory
theory, maximum flow problems involve finding a feasible flow through a flow network that obtains the maximum possible flow rate. The maximum flow problem
Maximum_flow_problem
Exhaust-powered forced-induction device for engines
optimum aspect ratio at low engine speeds is very different from that at high engine speeds. An electrically-assisted turbocharger combines a traditional
Turbocharger
British sports car developed by McLaren Automotive
maximum power output of 1,275 PS (938 kW; 1,258 hp), resulting in a power-to-weight ratio of 911 PS/tonne. It features a hybrid powertrain, combining
McLaren_W1
Device to couple energy between circuits
transformer, with voltage ratio and winding turns ratio both being inversely proportional to the corresponding current ratio. The load impedance referred
Transformer
Turbojet engine component
and dry when not. An engine producing maximum thrust wet is at maximum power, while an engine producing maximum thrust dry is at military power. The first
Afterburner
Prevention and recovery from threats to a company
Organisations. It covers 11 categories, each having 5 to 7 questions. A Resilience Ratio summarizes this evaluation. Plans and procedures are used in business continuity
Business_continuity_planning
World's first longitudinal 9-speed automatic from 2013
epicyclic gearing have been combined with parallel epicyclic gearing. The resulting progress is reflected in an even better ratio between the number of gears
Mercedes-Benz 9G-Tronic transmission
Mercedes-Benz_9G-Tronic_transmission
Dimensionless number; ratio of a fluid's flow inertia to the external field
after William Froude, /ˈfruːd/) is a dimensionless number defined as the ratio of the flow inertia to the external force field (the latter in many applications
Froude_number
Mathematical formula for queueing
QROT formula follows. The arrival rate is the ratio of the total number of customers N and the maximum time needed to finish the queue T. λ = N T {\displaystyle
Queuing_Rule_of_Thumb
Assembly of heat engines that work in tandem from the same source of heat
also used for marine propulsion, where it is called a combined gas and steam (COGAS) plant. Combining two or more thermodynamic cycles improves overall efficiency
Combined-cycle_power_plant
Bore x Stroke: 72.5 mm × 80.5 mm Compression Ratio: 11–11.5:1 Maximum Power: 95–98 PS @ 6000rpm Maximum Torque: 120–122 N⋅m @ 4000–4200rpm Applications:
List_of_Daihatsu_engines
Parameter in radar systems
In radar systems, the blip-to-scan ratio, or blip/scan, is the ratio of the number of times a target appears on a radar display to the number of times
Blip-to-scan_ratio
Measurement of wheeled motor vehicles
passengers or cargo. The gross vehicle weight is larger and includes the maximum payload of passengers and cargo. This definition differs from definitions
Vehicle_weight
Kind of engine made by Nissan
thermal efficiency. While turbocharged, it has a very high compression ratio of 13.5 to 1. Applications: 2025- Nissan Qashqai ZR15DDTe engine The MR16DDT
Nissan_MR_engine
Calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources
Power-to-weight ratio (PWR, also called specific power, or power-to-mass ratio) is a calculation commonly applied to engines and mobile power sources to
Power-to-weight_ratio
DSL service where downstream bandwidth exceeds upstream bandwidth
bins combined. Higher signal-to-noise ratios and more bins being in use gives a higher total link capacity, while lower signal-to-noise ratios or fewer
ADSL
8-speed automatic from 2008
gear, large gear wheels are advantageous for durability. As the very high ratio 1st gear is formed exclusively by gearset 4, its sun gear is unusually small
ZF_8HP_transmission
Large-screen film format
limited to the 1.90:1 aspect ratio. Another disadvantage is the much lower resolution of IMAX Digital. The technology has a maximum perceived resolution of
IMAX
1940s British turboprop aircraft engine
Combustors: Six combustion chambers (×2) Maximum power output: 2,960 eshp (2,207 kW) Overall pressure ratio: 5.35:1 Air mass flow: 18.5 lb/sec (8.4 kg/s)
Armstrong Siddeley Double Mamba
Armstrong_Siddeley_Double_Mamba
Work done divided by heat provided
a vehicle's fuel efficiency. The efficiency of an engine is defined as ratio of the useful work done to the heat provided. η = w o r k d o n e h e
Engine_efficiency
Relative deformation of a physical body
its maximum divided by the perpendicular length in the plane of force application, which sometimes makes it easier to calculate. The stretch ratio or extension
Strain_(mechanics)
British single-seat glider, 1948
area: 180 sq ft (17 m2) Aspect ratio: 6:1 Empty weight: 250 lb (113 kg) Max takeoff weight: 490 lb (222 kg) Performance Maximum speed: 73 mph (117 km/h, 63 kn)
Elliotts_Primary_EoN
Maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star
The Chandrasekhar limit (/ˌtʃəndrəˈʃeɪkər/) is the maximum mass of a stable white dwarf star. These stars resist gravitational collapse primarily through
Chandrasekhar_limit
Concentration of water vapour in the air
state of absolute humidity relative to a maximum humidity given the same temperature. Specific humidity is the ratio of water vapor mass to total moist air
Humidity
Ratio between the largest and smallest values that a certain quantity can assume
quantization error. The maximum achievable dynamic range for a digital audio system with Q-bit uniform quantization is calculated as the ratio of the largest sine-wave
Dynamic_range
Maximum stress soil has experience in the past
Preconsolidation pressure is the maximum effective vertical overburden stress that a particular soil sample has sustained in the past. This quantity is
Preconsolidation_pressure
Airbreathing jet engine designed to provide thrust by driving a fan
The ratio of the mass-flow of air bypassing the engine core to the mass-flow of air passing through the core is referred to as the bypass ratio. The
Turbofan
Mode of flight
constant. A glider's glide ratio varies with airspeed, but there is a maximum value which is frequently quoted. Glide ratio usually varies little with
Gliding_flight
Volleyball competition held in Japan
the hosts who ranked 4th. Number of matches won Match points Sets ratio Points ratio Result of the last match between the tied teams Match won 3–0 or 3–1:
2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup
2015_FIVB_Volleyball_Women's_World_Cup
Carbon-titanium composite material
strength and moduli of elasticity ratio. When the combination is adhesively bonded, both parts will approach maximum yield strength and fail at a similar
Carbotanium
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
and exhaust, air-fuel ratio, ignition timing, VTC and other specs have been optimized for street use. The engine produces maximum power of 257 kW (345 hp;
Nissan_VQ_engine
Measure used in digital signal processing to characterize an audio spectrum
generally not empty. The ratio produced by this calculation is often converted to a decibel scale for reporting, with a maximum of 0 dB and a minimum of
Spectral_flatness
Guidelines for municipal parking
yielding a ratio of 2.5 to 7 times as many parking spaces as registered vehicles. Adoption of parking minimums by municipalities based on ratios from Parking
Parking_mandates
Calculation of relative masses of reactants and products in chemical reactions
law of reciprocal proportions. In general chemical reactions combine in definite ratios of chemicals. Since chemical reactions can neither create nor
Stoichiometry
High-thrust turbofan jet engine
"triple redline" test at maximum EGT and both rotor speeds, as modern high-bypass ratio engines cannot achieve all maximum conditions near sea level
General_Electric_GE9X
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
cross-pattern exhaust manifold for improved turbo charger pressure by combining exhaust pulses which comes at an expense of sound alternation, making
BMW_S68
Turboshaft aircraft engine
sump Maximum power output: 317 hp (236 kW) for take-off, Sea Level 59 °F (15 °C), 51,600 rpm NH, 35,000 rpm NL, 6,000 rpm Nout Overall pressure ratio: 6
Allison_Model_250
Medium Tank/heavy tank (lowered variant)
injection combined with spark ignition. The project goal was to bring the engine output to 1200 hp, implying a very favourable hp/litre ratio of over forty
AMX-50
Brightness of a celestial object observed from the Earth
number. A difference of 1.0 in magnitude corresponds to the brightness ratio of 100 5 {\displaystyle {\sqrt[{5}]{100}}} , or about 2.512. For example
Apparent_magnitude
Electronic moving image
dissemination worldwide. Video systems vary in display resolution, aspect ratio, refresh rate, color reproduction, and other qualities. Both analog and
Video
German motor glider, 1969
Range: 670 km (415 mi, 361 nmi) Service ceiling: 6,000 m (19,700 ft) Maximum glide ratio: 29:1 Rate of climb: 3.0 m/s (590 ft/min) Taylor 1973, p.560 Taylor
Sportavia-Pützer_SFS_31_Milan
Task of computing complete subgraphs
Locatelli, M.; Della Croce, F. (2004), "Combining swaps and node weights in an adaptive greedy approach for the maximum clique problem", Journal of Heuristics
Clique_problem
Right triangle related to the golden ratio
special right triangle with edge lengths in geometric progression. The ratio of the progression is φ {\displaystyle {\sqrt {\varphi }}} where φ = ( 1
Kepler_triangle
Factor influencing processor clock speed
computing, a clock multiplier (also known as a CPU multiplier or bus/core ratio) determines how many times faster the processor’s internal clock runs compared
CPU_multiplier
Theorem in electrical engineering
In electrical engineering, the maximum power transfer theorem states that, to obtain maximum external power from a power source with internal resistance
Maximum power transfer theorem
Maximum_power_transfer_theorem
Period of long-term reduction in temperature of Earth's surface and atmosphere
The most severe cold period of the LGP was the Last Glacial Maximum, which reached its maximum between 26,000 and 20,000 years ago. The most recent glaciation
Ice_age
Number, approximately 3.14
is a mathematical constant, approximately equal to 3.14159, that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It appears in many formulae
Pi
International volleyball tournament
seen in the article below. Match points Number of matches won Sets ratio Points ratio Result of the last match between the tied teams Match won 3–0 or 3–1:
2015 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Cup
2015_FIVB_Volleyball_Men's_World_Cup
Theorem that tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted
In information theory, the Shannon–Hartley theorem tells the maximum rate at which information can be transmitted over a communications channel of a specified
Shannon–Hartley_theorem
Method to determine the age of an object
isotope of carbon. Radiocarbon dating methods produce data based on the ratios of different carbon isotopes in a sample that must then be further manipulated
Calculation of radiocarbon dates
Calculation_of_radiocarbon_dates
Graph in economics
horizontally, equals the ratio of unit costs of labour and capital. The slope is: − w / r . {\displaystyle -w/r.\,} The isocost line is combined with the isoquant
Isocost
Concept in computational geometry
collection of fat objects of roughly the same size (i.e., when the maximum-to-minimum size ratio is bounded by a constant). Let C be a set of n fat objects,
Maximum_disjoint_set
Hole or opening through which light travels
or as the dimensionless ratio between that measure and the focal length. In other photography, it is usually given as a ratio. A usual expectation is
Aperture
Range of efficient operating speeds of an engine or motor
develop maximum torque below 2,000 RPM with the power peak ~ 4,000 RPM or below. A mechanical transmission with a selection of different gear ratios is designed
Power_band
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
combustion. Both versions have same compression ratio 18.3:1. Torque output (both versions have same maximum 310 N⋅m (229 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm), fuel efficiency
Mazda_diesel_engines
Measure of performance of heat engines
relative to its performance in reversible conditions. It is defined as the ratio of the thermal efficiency of an actual system compared to an idealized or
Exergy_efficiency
Converts output of a photovoltaic panel into a utility frequency alternating current
(Isc) of the panel, determines the maximum power from a solar cell. Fill factor is defined as the ratio of the maximum power from the solar cell to the
Solar_inverter
British diesel aircraft engine
3-stage axial flow Maximum thrust: 250 lbf (1.1 kN) residual at 18,200 rpm Overall pressure ratio: 8.25:1 (compressor pressure ratio) Air mass flow: 13
Napier_Nomad
financial policy (target debt to equity ratio, target dividend payout ratio, target profit margin, target ratio of total assets to net sales). This concept
Sustainable_growth_rate
Ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity
Ludwig Prandtl. It is defined as the ratio of momentum diffusivity to thermal diffusivity. The Prandtl number is a ratio of physical properties that may be
Prandtl_number
12-cylinder mid-engine sports car manufactured by Ferrari
engine has a compression ratio of 9.30:1. These combine to provide a maximum power of 287 kW (390 PS; 385 hp) at 6,300 rpm and maximum torque of 490 N⋅m (361 lb⋅ft)
Ferrari_Testarossa
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