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Specialized region in genomes of some yeast
cerevisiae, mating-type is determined by two non-homologous alleles at the mating-type locus. S. cerevisiae has the capability of undergoing mating-type switching
Mating-type_locus
Term in biology
be 9 mating types, each of which can mate with 4 other mating types. By multiplicative combination, it generates a vast number of mating types. As an
Mating_type
Biological process of yeast
cell's mating type is determined by a specific genetic locus known as MAT, which governs its mating behaviour. Haploid yeast can switch mating types through
Mating_of_yeast
Species of fungus
teleomorph) was first described in 1958. A single mating-type locus was identified the next year The mating-type locus of S. turcica follows the same naming convention
Setosphaeria_turcica
Combination of genetic material between compatible mating types
species are able to mate with themselves, while in heterothallic species only isolates of opposite mating types can mate. Mating between isogamous fungi
Mating_in_fungi
Species of slime mold, model organism
plasmodium. In laboratory strains carrying a mutation at the matA mating-type locus, the differentiation of P. polycephalum plasmodia can occur without
Physarum_polycephalum
Species of fungus
and its stress tolerance. The genome also contains a homothallic mating-type locus. Further genome sequencing of fifty A. pullulans s. str. strains showed
Aureobasidium_pullulans
Degree of similarity of the alleles in an organism
D. R. (2003-04-01). "Drug Resistance Is Not Directly Affected by Mating Type Locus Zygosity in Candida albicans". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Zygosity
Species of fungus
cell fusion. Each locus codes for a mating type sublocus (α or β) and each type is multi-allelic: the A locus has 9 alleles for the α type and an estimated
Schizophyllum_commune
Species of fungus
the mating-type locus, supporting a heterothallic lifecycle for the species, in which strains of the MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 types are required for mating. The
Ophiocordyceps_robertsii
Species of truffle
to reproduce through heterothallic means as well. As of now, the mating-type locus of T. rufum has not been characterized, the ascocarp is composed of
Tuber_rufum
Species of fungus
population genomics found evidence of recombination between strains and a mating type locus was identified in all sequenced genomes of the species. Only a limited
Wallemia_ichthyophaga
Species of fungus
doi:10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.12.071. Day PR (1960). "The structure of the mating type locus in Coprinus lagopus". Genetics. 45 (5): 641–50. doi:10.1093/genetics/45
Coprinopsis_lagopus
Mating with individuals with dissimilar phenotypes
Disassortative mating (also known as negative assortative mating or heterogamy) is a mating pattern in which individuals with dissimilar phenotypes mate with one
Disassortative_mating
characteristics including the high redundancy of pheromones in the B mating-type locus as well as strong pheromone signaling in yeasts. Male gametes have
Sexual_selection_in_fungi
Species of fungus
is at least occasionally recombining. Two versions of a putative mating-type locus have been found in the sequenced genomes, each present in approximately
Wallemia_mellicola
American biochemist
switching in Candida albicans is controlled by mating-type locus homeodomain proteins and allows efficient mating. Cell. 110(3): pgs. 293–302 Hull CM, Raisner
Alexander_D._Johnson
Variant of DNA sequence at a locus
is a variant of the sequence of nucleotides at a particular location, or locus, on a DNA molecule. Alleles can differ at a single position through single-nucleotide
Allele
American microbiologist
biofilm and a "sexual" biofilm, depending on the configuration of the mating type locus and identified the alternative pathways regulating each biofilm. From
David_R._Soll
Species of fungus
Abbate, J. L., and M. E. Hood. "Dynamic linkage relationships to the mating‐type locus in automictic fungi of the genus Microbotryum." Journal of Evolutionary
Microbotryum_silenes-dioicae
Species of fungus
mating between two individuals of the same mating type, an interaction that may be frequent in nature under stressful conditions. A very special type
Candida_albicans
British biochemist
in the phenomenon of mating-type switching in yeast. Together with Kelly Tatchell he cloned the S. cerevisiae mating-type locus and found, surprisingly
Kim_Nasmyth
Genetics behind dog coat
melanocyte which type of melanin to produce. These three loci affect different parts of this cell signaling pathway. MC1R (the E locus) is a receptor on
Dog_coat_genetics
Species of fungus
reproduction. Although it is an asexual fungus, U. botrytis possesses the mating type locus, which consists of two dissimilar DNA sequences termed MAT1-1-1 and
Ulocladium_botrytis
Species of yeast
pause site MPS1, and a novel type of chromosomal imprint, marking one of the sister chromatids at the mating-type locus mat1. In addition, work on the
Schizosaccharomyces_pombe
Genus of algae
(2008). "Identification of the minus-dominance gene ortholog in the mating-type locus of Gonium pectoral". Genetics. 178 (1): 283–294. doi:10.1534/genetics
Gonium
Species of fungus
has a mating type-dependent characterised sexual cycle. T. reesei QM6a has a MAT1-2 mating type locus. The discovery of the opposite mating type, MAT1-1
Trichoderma_reesei
SIR proteins are found at the silent mating type loci, telomeres, and at the rDNA locus. At the silent mating type loci and at the telomeres, SIR proteins
Silent information regulator protein
Silent_information_regulator_protein
Mouse assay for heritable germline mutation
The SLT measures mutation rates in a laboratory mouse by mating mutagen-exposed wild-type animals with tester-stock mice carrying recessive alleles at
Specific-locus_test
Species of lichen-forming fungus
Zippler, Undine; Honegger, Rosmarie (2005). "Characterisation of the mating-type locus in the genus Xanthoria (lichen-forming ascomycetes, Lecanoromycetes)"
Xanthoria_parietina
Genus of lichen-forming fungi
clonal, a chromosome-scale genome assembly of L. neglecta identified a mating-type locus (MAT), including conserved MAT1-2 genes and a putative MAT1-1 pseudogene
Lepraria
Colouration of animal coat/fur
the C locus allelic series. The gradient in black pigment intensity represents the relative amount of pigmentation expressed, rather than the type or specific
Acromelanism
System of plant reproduction
likely represents the S-locus as it contains S-ELF4 which establishes female morphology and mating type. In Gelsemium, the S-locus is composed of four genes
Distyly
Selective removal of alleles that are deleterious
Purifying selection can be split into purging by non-random mating (assortative mating) and purging by genetic drift. Purging by genetic drift can remove
Negative selection (natural selection)
Negative_selection_(natural_selection)
without a mating partner, as well as sexual reproduction and recombination involving cell-cell fusion between individuals of the same mating type followed
Joseph_Heitman
1968 novel by Anne McCaffrey
communities Weyrs. The Queen sets out on a Mating Flight, pursued by several bronze males; the one who wins and mates with her assumes a leading position among
Dragonflight_(novel)
syndrome Marker gene Mass spectrometry Maternal effect Maternal inheritance Mating type Medium Megabase Meiocyte Meiosis Meiospore Melanoma Melting of DNA Mendel's
Index_of_genetics_articles
Inbred strain
Coisogenic strains are one type of inbred strain that differs by a mutation at a single locus and all of the other loci are identical. There are numerous
Coisogenic_strain
Pointed structures on the penile glans and/or shaft
points per spine (strepsirrhines). Penile spine morphology may be related to mating system. Felines, especially domestic cats, are well known for having penile
Penile_spines
Species of ciliate protozoa
has 7 mating types determined by a single locus with various alleles. The mating types are named I, II, III, IV, V, VI and VII. The mating types can reproduce
Tetrahymena_thermophila
Biological system that determines the development of an organism's sex
if there are 3 alleles per locus, then there would be 9 mating types, each of which can mate with 4 other mating types. By multiplicative combination
Sex-determination_system
Genus of fungi
intestinal membranes. Rhizopus oryzae has heterothallic mating with a + and a - mating type. Rhizopus species have large genomes with evidence of full
Rhizopus
Genes on human chromosome 6
the linear sequence. Variant types for each sequence feature are defined based upon all known polymorphisms in the HLA locus being described. SFVT categorization
Human_leukocyte_antigen
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
cells display severe defects including de-repression of the silent mating type locus (HML), failure to enter Go phase, temperature sensitivity, and impaired
N-alpha-acetyltransferase_10
Method of bacterial gene transfer
referred to as spontaneous zygogenesis (Z-mating for short) is observed in certain strains of E. coli. In Z-mating there is complete genetic mixing, and unstable
Bacterial_conjugation
Sexes that reside in different individuals
means that each yeast cell is of a certain mating type and can only mate with a cell of the other mating type. During vegetative growth that ordinarily
Heterothallism
Genetic mutation affecting the colour of budgerigars
The Ino mutation is a sex-linked recessive at the ino locus on the Z chromosome. The wild-type genetic symbol is ino+ and the ino mutant allele has the
Ino_budgerigar_mutation
Genetic mutation affecting the colour of budgerigars
sex-linked, the locus of its gene being carried on the X chromosome. It is recessive to wild-type. The gene locus has the symbol op. The wild-type allele at
Opaline_budgerigar_mutation
Principle in genetics
single locus with two alleles denoted A and a with frequencies f(A) = p and f(a) = q, respectively, the expected genotype frequencies under random mating are
Hardy–Weinberg_principle
American writer (1945–2017)
"Sfadb: Locus Awards 1980". "Sfadb: Locus Awards 1981". "Sfadb: Locus Awards 1981". "Sfadb: Locus Awards 1982". "Sfadb: Locus Awards 1982". "Sfadb: Locus Awards
Edward_Bryant
2015 collection of short stories by Dale Bailey
the End-of-the-World Café" placed twelfth in the 2011 Locus Poll Award for Best Novelette. "Mating Habits of the Late Cretaceous" placed fourth in the 2013
The End of the End of Everything: Stories
The_End_of_the_End_of_Everything:_Stories
One gene variant masking the effect of another in the other copy of the gene
blood cells and thus have type AB blood, so the IA and IB alleles are said to be co-dominant. Another example occurs at the locus for the beta-globin component
Dominance_(genetics)
Type of pattern of inheritance
only transfer from cell to cell when their host undergoes mating. All progeny of a mating involving a doubly infected yeast cell will also be infected
Non-Mendelian_inheritance
Hematoma usually associated with traumatic brain injury
arteries, resulting in a build-up of blood between the dura mater and the skull. The third type of brain hemorrhage, known as a subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
Subdural_hematoma
alternative mating strategy is a strategy used by male or female animals, often with distinct phenotypes, that differs from the prevailing mating strategy
Alternative_mating_strategy
Cell surface proteins, part of the acquired immune system
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA containing a set of closely linked polymorphic genes that code for cell
Major histocompatibility complex
Major_histocompatibility_complex
Genus of fungi
subnudus), the mating patterns of gymnopus all seem to be bifactorial, meaning that there is more than one locus responsible for regulating mating compatibility
Gymnopus
American mycologist
Her thesis was titled "Identification and characterization of a mating type-like locus in the "asexual" pathogenic yeast Candida albicans". She then went
Christina_M._Hull
Concept in evolutionary biology
variation. In nature, mating is likely most often between closely related yeast cells. Mating occurs when haploid cells of opposite mating type MATa and MATα
Red_Queen_hypothesis
Mutation affecting the colour of budgerigars
Cinnamon mutation is sex-linked, the locus of its gene being carried on the Z chromosome, and recessive to wild-type. This was determined first by Cyril
Cinnamon_budgerigar_mutation
Chicken plumage color pattern
pattern locus in the fowl. Iowa State J. Sci. 40:51-64. Smyth, J.R. Jr. 1965 Allelic relationship of genes determining extended black, wild type and brown
Solid_black_(chicken_plumage)
the S locus (Ssmm or SsMm), whereas in the mid-styled morph the dominant allele is at the M locus (ssMm). The S locus is epistatic to the M locus such
Tristyly
Biological system where sex is determined by the number of sets of chromosomes
than two generations of brother-sister mating. Sex determination in honey bees is initially due to a single locus, called the complementary sex determiner
Haplodiploidy
Type of sexual conflict
quantities. Consequently, males invest more energy into mating frequency, while females are choosier with mates and invest their energy into offspring quality
Interlocus_sexual_conflict
Species of single-celled organism
stable type is genetically determined by a single genetic locus mat with three alleles, one for each type, with type I being dominant over type II, and
Dileptus_margaritifer
American psychologist
psychologist known for developing social learning theory and research into locus of control. He was a faculty member at Ohio State University and then the
Julian_Rotter
neutral locus to a selectively maintained polymorphism causes the heterozygosity of the neutral locus to increase. assortative mating A mating system in
Glossary of genetics and evolutionary biology
Glossary_of_genetics_and_evolutionary_biology
Scottish breed of cattle
coat colours are caused by alleles at the MC1R gene (E locus) and the PMEL or SILV gene (D locus). They have an unusual double coat of hair. On the outside
Highland_cattle
Tall African hoofed mammal
combat bouts in which they use the neck as a weapon. Dominant males gain mating access to females, which bear sole responsibility for rearing the young
Giraffe
Ovulation in response to an external stimulus
presence of a male and mating itself are requirements for induced ovulation. However, there are some suggestions that mating is not as strict a requirement
Induced_ovulation_(animals)
Chinese science fiction writer (born 1963)
2015 Hugo Award for his novel The Three-Body Problem, as well as the 2017 Locus Award for Death's End. He is also a winner of the Chinese Nebula Award.
Liu_Cixin
Genetic mutation affecting the colour of budgerigars
progeny, with Dark Green/blue Type II and Skyblues resulting rarely from a cross-over. Type II Dark Green/blues are bred by mating Skyblues to Olives and have
Dark_budgerigar_mutation
Protein filament that grows from follicles found in the dermis, or skin
animals; for others it provides signals to other animals such as warnings, mating, or other communicative displays; and for some animals hair provides defensive
Hair
Species of single-celled organism
populations are grouped into clonal lineages of these mating types and includes: A1 produces a mating hormone, a diterpene α1. Clonal lineages of A1 include:
Phytophthora_infestans
Genus of birds
song (called a duet) at one of many traditionally fixed mating sites; the area where mating takes place can be described as an exploded lek. In some
Chiroxiphia
Species having two or more distinct forms
suffers less from mating attempt than the common morph. The reasons why females try to avoid male sexual harassment are that male mating attempt can reduce
Polymorphism_(biology)
1971 novel by Anne McCaffrey
Fiction Convention) and it placed fifth for the 1972 Locus Award for Best Novel (voted by Locus magazine readers). The American Library Association in
Dragonquest
Medical condition
the correct medical attention and scans. There are five types of the syndrome, designated types I through V, caused by mutations in TGFBR1, TGFBR2, SMAD3
Loeys–Dietz_syndrome
Type of genetic recombination
that locus. This results in twin spotting, where one cell presents the homozygous recessive phenotype and the other cell has the homozygous wild type phenotype
Mitotic_recombination
Genetics behind Labrador Retriever coat colour
dogs possessing wild-type alleles at MC1R and Agouti. The E locus also determines whether the phenotype due to the third genetic locus affecting coat colour
Labrador Retriever coat colour genetics
Labrador_Retriever_coat_colour_genetics
Evolutionary mechanism for speciation
carry out the complex mating rituals and finally copulate or release their gametes into the environment in order to breed. Mating dances, the songs of
Reproductive_isolation
Species of spider in the family Theridiidae
potential female mates. Copulation occurs at night, while both spiders hang from the underside of the leaf. Males die soon after mating, but females live
Theridion_grallator
Population of Giraffe
friendly, but the males are known to engage in fights for mating. Since this species can mate all year long, those battles seem to be frequent. As of 2018
Rothschild's_giraffe
Dog breed
corresponds to the X-linked PRA type 3 in humans. Short legs in conjunction with eye abnormalities: a genetic defect at the COL2A1 locus leads to disproportionate
Samoyed_dog
Subfield of genetics devoted to the study of microorganisms
cells undergo meiosis to form haploid spores. Mating occurs when haploid cells of opposite mating types MATa and MATα come into contact. Ruderfer et al
Microbial_genetics
Bleeding within the skull
Intracranial hemorrhages are broadly classified into intra-axial and extra-axial types, based on the location of the bleeding relative to the brain tissue. Intra-axial
Intracranial_hemorrhage
Serious trauma to the cranium
artery, most commonly the middle meningeal artery. This is a very dangerous type of injury because the bleed is from a high-pressure system and deadly increases
Head_injury
Technique of crossing between different breeds
studies even show that fungi favor outcrossing in comparison to other mating types. In a study performed with the commercial button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus
Outcrossing
conditioning influence of her father's song type and there is no evidence of assortative mating by bill type... Hence there is no direct evidence of reproductive
List_of_polymorphisms
American science fiction writer (1947–2006)
speculative fiction author who won several awards for her works, including Hugo, Locus, and Nebula awards. In 1995, Butler became the first science-fiction writer
Octavia_E._Butler
Family of amphibians
eggs in order to make sure that the male they mated with is receptive and that it scares the male from mating with other females. The poison dart frog is
Poison_dart_frog
Species of slime mould
discoideum has three different mating types and studies have identified the sex locus that specifies these three mating types. Type I strains are specified by
Dictyostelium_discoideum
Branch of psychology focused on personality
attributional style and locus of control. Locus of control scales include those used by Rotter and Duttweiler, as well as the Locus of Control Scale for
Personality_psychology
Protein
humans is encoded by the SIRT1 gene. SIRT1 stands for sirtuin (silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog) 1 (S. cerevisiae), referring to the
Sirtuin_1
Species of bird
previously thought, influence mating strategy; rather, the inherited mating strategy influences body size. Resident-type chicks will, if provided with
Ruff_(bird)
British breed of dog
or simply the Mastiff, is a British breed of very large dog of mastiff type. It is likely descended from the ancient Alaunt and Pugnax Britanniae, with
English_Mastiff
Subfield of genetics
example, in the simplest case of a single locus with two alleles denoted A and a at frequencies p and q, random mating predicts freq(AA) = p2 for the AA homozygotes
Population_genetics
Genetically determined delay in first weeks of feather growing
be mated with fast normal-feathering male parent breeders in order to obtain sexable female chicks of the fast normal-feathering type. In meat-type breeds
Delayed feathering in chickens
Delayed_feathering_in_chickens
(genetic flow) No natural selection on that locus or trait Random mating (panmixis) It can describe other types of equilibrium as well, especially in modeling
Genetic_equilibrium
Autoimmune diseases of the skin
MHC, which controls important immune functions. Three genes in the PSORS1 locus have a strong association with psoriasis vulgaris: HLA-C variant HLA-Cw6
Psoriasis
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