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Catalan novel about Mauthausen camp
K.L. Reich is a semi-autobiographical novel written by the Catalan author Joaquim Amat-Piniella. It is based on his experiences as a Spanish Republican
K.L._Reich
Catalan writer; Mauthausen concentration camp survivor
a Catalan writer. He is best known for his semi-autobiographic novel K.L. Reich, based on his experience as a prisoner in the Mauthausen concentration
Joaquim_Amat-Piniella
Book by Nikolaus Wachsmann, 2015
abbreviation for concentration camps throughout the Third Reich. For popular references to "KL", see The Times, January 24, 1935, NCC, doc. 277. Prisoners
KL – A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps
KL_–_A_History_of_the_Nazi_Concentration_Camps
of the words by authors presented here. Joaquim Amat-Piniella wrote K.L. Reich, in which he describes his time at Mauthausen camp. Jean Améry wrote At
The Holocaust in the arts and popular culture
The_Holocaust_in_the_arts_and_popular_culture
Nazi concentration camp in Poland (1941–1944)
network of concentration, slave-labor, and extermination camps and sub-camps of KL Lublin. It houses a permanent collection of rare artifacts, archival photographs
Majdanek_concentration_camp
Rosen w Rogoźnicy). Retrieved May 15, 2015. List of Subcamps of KL Auschwitz (Podobozy KL Auschwitz). Archived 2011-10-12 at the Wayback Machine The Auschwitz-Birkenau
Economy_of_Nazi_Germany
Month of 1974
Joaquim Amat-Piniella, 60, Catalan writer known for the Spanish novel K.L. Reich Fred Gómez Carrasco, 34, American criminal, shot himself, bringing an
August_1974
Naval rank of Germany
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy
Kapitänleutnant
abbreviation for concentration camps throughout the Third Reich. For popular references to "KL", see The Times, January 24, 1935, NCC, doc. 277. Prisoners
List_of_subcamps_of_Auschwitz
Aircraft
The Klemm Kl 35 is a German sporting and training aeroplane developed as a successor to the Kl 25. A product of Klemm Leichtflugzeugbau Gmbh, it shared
Klemm_Kl_35
Nazi concentration camp in German-occupied Poland during World War II
from July 1943 to August 1944. Located in the ruins of the Warsaw Ghetto, KL Warschau first functioned as a camp in its own right, but was demoted to a
Warsaw_concentration_camp
Genocide of European Jews by Nazi Germany
Penguin Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-241-38870-9. Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2015). KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
The_Holocaust
Nazi concentration camp in Oranienburg, Germany
18–23, 56–57, 186–187. ISBN 978-3938690994. Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2016). KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. ISBN 978-1408707746.[page needed]
Sachsenhausen concentration camp
Sachsenhausen_concentration_camp
Condition involving excessive deposition of fat in the legs
of Lipedema Lymphedema Steatopygia Adiposis dolorosa Lipodystrophy Herbst KL, Kahn LA, Iker E, Ehrlich C, Wright T, McHutchison L, Schwartz J, Sleigh M
Lipedema
Moravian doctor (1836–1919)
Amsterdam, in the Netherlands. Reich, was Doctor of Medicine, specialising in Hygiene. He was Legal Director and Vice President of KL-C. Academy, a member of
Eduard_Reich
Efforts of the Third Reich to ensure the protection of animals
mentions that Hitler planned to discourage slaughterhouses in the German Reich following the conclusion of World War II. The Nazi government made a law
Animal welfare in Nazi Germany
Animal_welfare_in_Nazi_Germany
1930s German monoplane
touring plane Klemm Kl 32 in the European touring plane championship Challenge 1932, the company was ordered by the German Reichs luftfahrt ministerium
Klemm_Kl_36
Nazi concentration camp in Poland (1939–1945)
archived 24 June 2013 at archive.today Several authors, Monografia KL Stutthof (KL Stutthof monograph) Organization, prisoners, subcamps, extermination
Stutthof_concentration_camp
Nazi commandant of Auschwitz (1901–1947)
Broad, Pery; Kremer, Johann Paul; Bezwińska, Jadwiga; Czech, Danuta (1984). KL Auschwitz seen by the SS. New York: H. Fertig. p. 226. ISBN 978-0-86527-346-7
Rudolf_Höss
German Nazi paramilitary organisation (1925–1945)
of the SS. Berchtold changed the title of the office to Reichsführer-SS (Reich Leader-SS). Berchtold was considered more dynamic than his predecessor but
Schutzstaffel
1920s German light aircraft
Klemm L 25, later Klemm Kl 25 is a successful German light leisure, sports and training monoplane aircraft, developed in 1928. More than 600 aircraft were
Klemm_Kl_25
German prototype light aircraft
The Klemm Kl 151 was a German prototype light passenger aircraft designed by Dr. Hanns Klemm [de] and chief engineer Carl Bucher during World War II. Only
Klemm_Kl_151
SS officer (1907–1946)
Procesy" [Responsibility for the Atrocities Committed at Stutthof. The trials.]. KL Stutthof, Monografia. Archived from the original (Internet Archive) on 22
Max_Pauly
Light single engine aircraft developed in Germany in the 1940s
The Klemm Kl 107 was a two-seat light aircraft developed in Germany in 1940. It was a conventional low-wing cantilever monoplane of wooden construction
Klemm_Kl_107
Germany. Drittes Reich – Third Reich or "Third Realm". Arthur Moeller van den Bruck coined this term for his book Das Dritte Reich published in 1923
Glossary_of_Nazi_Germany
American-Canadian comedian and actor
a Very Important Person". Autostraddle. Retrieved August 5, 2026. Wang, K.L. Connie (January 15, 2026). "Emilia Clarke Goes Undercover in in[sic] Peacock's
Vic_Michaelis
1930s German aircraft type
the new BMW XV. The future of this engine was in doubt, however, and the Reich Air Ministry (RLM) asked for the design to be resubmitted with the 485 kW
Hamburger_Flugzeugbau_Ha_137
First operational jet-powered fighter aircraft
Third Reich. Boylston, Massachusetts: Monogram Aviation Publications. ISBN 978-0-914144-27-4. Speer, Albert (1997) [1970]. Inside the Third Reich: Memoirs
Messerschmitt_Me_262
Nazi extermination camp in Poland (1942–1943)
criminals] 1946–1948". Wykaz sądzonych członków załogi KL Lublin/Majdanek [Majdanek staff put on trial]. KL Lublin. Archived from the original on 14 October
Treblinka_extermination_camp
Nazi concentration camp in Działdowo
Prussia to the semi-colonial General Government, and for slave labour to the Reich. Originally intended to be temporary, for the initial 1,000 inmates, the
Soldau_concentration_camp
First practical, functional helicopter, first flown in 1936
Helicopters of the Third Reich. Crowborough, UK: Classic Publications Ltd., 2002. ISBN 1-903223-24-5. Green, William. Aircraft of the Third Reich, Vol.1. London:
Focke-Wulf_Fw_61
Waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water
cisterns, with sizes varying from 75,000 US gallons (280 kL) to over 200,000 US gallons (760 kL) depending on location, with a total storage capacity of
Cistern
Main branch of the SS (1934–1945)
New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-42651-0. Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2015). KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
Allgemeine_SS
War crime trials after World War II
named Harvest Festival (totalling 43,000 with 2 subcamps). Notably, two KL Majdanek concentration camp commandants were put on trial by the SS themselves
Majdanek_trials
Experimental jet aircraft
with indifference from the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) (the German Reich Aviation Ministry), the company opted to start work on producing a jet fighter
Heinkel_He_280
1943 German jet bomber by Arado
compartment in the rear. Two of these served with Kommando Bonow, a Luftflotte Reich experimental test unit. Operations began in March 1945, but the aircraft
Arado_Ar_234_Blitz
1944 military flying boat by Blohm & Voss
heavy bomber like its BV 250 counterpart. Data from Aircraft of the Third Reich Vol.1, Blohm & Voss Bv 222 "Wiking" – Bv 238 General characteristics Crew:
Blohm_&_Voss_BV_238
German WWII fighter aircraft family
(C-Amt), the technical department of the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (RLM) ("Reich Aviation Ministry"), concluded a series of research projects into the future
Messerschmitt_Bf_109
German military officer and war criminal (1895–1945)
Press of Kentucky. p. 197. ISBN 0-8131-1566-3. Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2015). KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. p. 484
Oskar_Dirlewanger
German SS officer (1905–1946)
Landsberg Prison on 28 May 1946. Aleksander Lasik, 'Die Organisationsstruktur des KL Auschwitz', in Aleksander Lasik, Franciszek Piper, Piotr Setkiewicz, Irena
Vinzenz_Schöttl
Compound noun meaning "labor camp" in the German language
In some cases the two types were physically adjacent, when both POWs and KL-inmates were working at a large facility such as a coal mine or chemical plant
Arbeitslager
German SS officer (1903–1986)
commander of the Trawniki concentration camp – one of the subcamps of the KL Lublin system of Nazi concentration camps in occupied Poland during World
Karl_Streibel
German fighter-bomber
Allied forces. From mid-1944, all Me 410s were withdrawn from Defence of the Reich duties and production was phased out in favour of heavily armed single-engine
Messerschmitt_Me_410_Hornisse
German rocket-powered interceptor prototype
manned version of the surface-to-air missiles under development in the Reich. A typical mission profile started with a rapid vertical take-off (the time
Bachem_Ba_349_Natter
German SS soldier
Here is an example: ″We Germans have no pity on the enemies of the Third Reich, like you. With joy we will hound you all through the chimneys of the crematoria
Gerhard_Palitzsch
Polish scholar, historian and author (born 1941)
ISBN 8385047565 Żydzi w KL Auschwitz, Państwowe Muzeum Auschwitz-Birkenau, 2015, Głosy Pamięci Series: 9, ISBN 9788377040812 Ilu ludzi zginęło w KL Auschwitz, Wydawn
Franciszek_Piper
Twinjet bomber project for the Luftwaffe
Focke-Wulf aircraft manufacturing company during the last years of the Third Reich. Their designation meant that these bombers would be able to carry a bomb
Focke-Wulf_1000x1000x1000
1930s aircraft built by Bücker Flugzeugbau
led to the development of the Bü 180 along with other aircraft, such as the Kl 105, Fi 253, Si 202, and the Go 150. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane
Bücker_Bü_180_Student
Interceptor jet aircraft, German, WW2
very short supply and prioritised for other aircraft. Volksjäger was the Reich Air Ministry's official name for the government design program competition
Heinkel_He_162_Volksjäger
Structure of German air force
forces existing within the combined Wehrmacht German armed forces of the Reich. This made the Luftwaffe one of the most powerful air forces in Europe during
Organization of the Luftwaffe (1933–1945)
Organization_of_the_Luftwaffe_(1933–1945)
1922 multi-role flying boat family by Dornier
manufactured in five countries. The Do J was designated the Do 16 by the Reich Air Ministry (Reichsluftfahrtministerium – RLM) under its aircraft designation
Dornier_Do_J_Wal
Type of aircraft
The Klemm Kl 31 was a touring aircraft, developed in Germany in the early 1930s. It was a conventional, low-wing cantilever monoplane with four seats in
Klemm_Kl_31
Anti-Polish extermination actions by Nazi Germany
The list was compiled by the Gestapo, the secret police agency under the Reich Security Main Office, with the assistance of members of the German minority
Operation_Tannenberg
Nazi concentration camp in Poland (1940–1945)
On 15 September 1935, the Reichstag passed the Nuremberg Laws. One, the Reich Citizenship Law, defined as citizens those of "German or related blood who
Auschwitz_concentration_camp
German prototype long-range aircraft of WW2
respected Warplanes of the Second World War (1968) and Warplanes of the Third Reich (1970) but without ever citing sources. Further authors then cited Green's
Junkers_Ju_390
German World War II cruise missile
1, lit. 'Vengeance Weapon 1') was an early cruise missile. Its official Reich Aviation Ministry (RLM) name was Fieseler Fi 103 and its suggestive name
V-1_flying_bomb
Bomber aircraft in Nazi Germany
cancelled at the end of 1944. In 1942, the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (Reich Air Ministry, RLM) put forward an initiative to obtain a long-range bomber
Arado_E.555
Luftwaffe: Secret Designs of the Third Reich. Mortons, pp. 108-115. Green, W.; Warplanes of the Third Reich, Macdonald and Jane's, 1970. Michulec, Robert
Messerschmitt_Bf_109_variants
German WWII transport glider
combination more vulnerable to attack. Data from Aircraft of the Third Reich, German Aircraft of the Second World War General characteristics Crew: 1
DFS_230
Helicopter in Nazi Germany
595. ISBN 0-370-00024-2. Green, William (2010). Aircraft of the Third Reich. Vol. 1 (1st ed.). London: Aerospace Publishing Limited. pp. 328–329.
Flettner_Fl_282
heavy bomber (prototype) Klemm Kl 31 single-engine transport, 1931 Klemm Kl 32 single-engine transport, 1931 Klemm Kl 33 (Klemm L33), single-seat ultra-light
List of military aircraft of Nazi Germany
List_of_military_aircraft_of_Nazi_Germany
1936 heavy fighter family by Messerschmitt
them increasingly vulnerable to developing American air supremacy over the Reich as 1944 began. During the Balkans and North African campaigns and on the
Messerschmitt_Bf_110
1930s German monoplane
The Klemm Kl 32 was a touring aircraft, developed in Germany in 1932, based on the Klemm Kl 31 as a competitor in the Challenge 1932 touring aircraft
Klemm_Kl_32
1940 helicopter series by Focke-Achgelis
EADS. Archived from the original on 2009-03-30. The Warplanes of the Third Reich, p172, 2nd col. 2nd para. The Sovereign State of ITT, Anthony Sampson, ISBN 0-8128-1537-8;
Focke-Achgelis_Fa_223_Drache
Code name for the creation of German extermination camps in Poland in World War II
January 2015. KL Lublin Museum (13 September 2013). "Trials of war criminals 1946–1948" [Procesy zbrodniarzy]. Wykaz sądzonych członków załogi KL Lublin/Majdanek
Operation_Reinhard
Personality disorder
(online version Archived October 30, 2021, at the Wayback Machine) Gratz KL, Tull MT (August 30, 2012). "Exploring the relationship between posttraumatic
Avoidant_personality_disorder
German SS officer
Chris Webb, Carmelo Lisciotto (2007). "Majdanek Concentration Camp (a.k.a. KL Lublin)". H.E.A.R.T, Holocaust Research Project.org. Retrieved 11 August 2013
Martin_Gottfried_Weiss
Austrian military officer and war criminal (1908–1946)
Wieliński, Bartosz T. (10 July 2012). "Amon Göth myśliwy z KL Płaszów" [Amon Göth, the hunter of KL Płaszów]. Column alehistoria (in Polish). Gazeta Wyborcza
Amon_Göth
German heavy fighter
Data from Messerschmitt Me 210/410 in action, The warplanes of the Third Reich, German Combat Planes General characteristics Crew: two Length: 12.2 m (40 ft
Messerschmitt_Me_210
German prototype jet powered flying wing fighter (1944)
Salamander. ISBN 1-85833-777-1. Green, William (1970). Warplanes of the Third Reich. London, UK: Macdonald and Jane's Publishers Ltd. ISBN 0-356-02382-6. Horten
Horten_Ho_229
Transport aircraft in Nazi Germany
which, having received financing from the Reichsluftfahrtministerium (Reich Air Ministry), was taken forward to the construction stage. Structurally
Junkers_G.38
Jet powered interceptor concept aircraft
from an illustrated story in 1867 by Wilhelm Busch. In early 1944, the Reich Air Ministry (RLM, for Reichsluftfahrtministerium) became aware of Allied
Focke-Wulf_Ta_183
German sportplane of the 1930s
The F5 was powered by the Hirth HM 60 engine. It competed with the Klemm Kl 25, but with the F5's shorter wings and different handling that experienced
Fieseler_Fi_5
1935 dive bomber aircraft family by Junkers
This was not achievable due to the insufficient production capacity in the Reich. The RLM considered setting up production facilities in Slovakia. But this
Junkers_Ju_87
German aircraft system
designation which was an attempt by the aviation authorities of the Third Reich to standardize and produce an identifier for each airframe type produced
RLM aircraft designation system
RLM_aircraft_designation_system
Nazi officer (1895–1946)
Chris Webb, Carmelo Lisciotto (2007). "Majdanek Concentration Camp (a.k.a. KL Lublin)". H.E.A.R.T, Holocaust Research Project.org. Retrieved 11 August 2013
Max_Koegel
List of Nazi German extermination camps and euthanasia centers
Doubleday. ISBN 978-0394710358. Wachsmann, Nikolaus (2015). Chapters 5 – 6. In KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux
List of Nazi extermination camps and euthanasia centers
List_of_Nazi_extermination_camps_and_euthanasia_centers
Personality disorder
situations have been described as self-fulfilling prophecies. Dixon-Gordon KL, Peters JR, Fertuck EA, Yen S (2017). "Emotional Processes in Borderline Personality
Borderline personality disorder
Borderline_personality_disorder
German WWII anti-ship glide bomb
Wizards: Development and Defeat of Radio-Controlled Glide Bombs of the Third Reich, Annapolis: Naval Institute Press(2010). Christopher, p.135. "HS-294 A-O"
Henschel_Hs_293
German war criminal (1906–1967)
University Press. pp. 149–150, 277–279. ISBN 9780674249189. Nikolas Wachsmann, 'KL: A History of the Nazi Concentration Camps' (New York: F, S & G, 2015), p
Ilse_Koch
Nazi fighter plane
prototype long-range reconnaissance and heavy night fighter commissioned by the Reich Air Ministry in late 1944. The project stopped after an air raid destroyed
Hütter_Hü_211
German training aircraft
The Klemm L 26, later Klemm Kl 26, was a low-wing trainer aircraft built by Klemm. The L 26 was a larger, reinforced development of the Klemm L 25. Like
Klemm_Kl_26
German SS officer (1897–1945)
Chris Webb, Carmelo Lisciotto (2007). "Majdanek Concentration Camp (a.k.a. KL Lublin)". H.E.A.R.T, Holocaust Research Project.org. Retrieved 11 August 2013
Karl-Otto_Koch
1930s German monoplane
The Klemm Kl 105 was a two-seat sport aircraft developed in Germany in 1938. It was a low-wing cantilever monoplane of conventional design with fixed,
Klemm_Kl_105
SS officer in Nazi Germany (1903–c. 1945)
are not human, but a pile of dung (...). For such enemies of the Third Reich as you, the Germans will have no favor and no mercy. We will be delighted
Karl_Fritzsch
German SS officer (1892–1943)
"mentally unbalanced," Himmler arranged his release, paid his family 200 Reich marks as a gift, reinstated him into the SS, and promoted him to SS-Oberführer
Theodor_Eicke
German rocket-powered interceptor
of Erprobungsstelle-designated military aviation test facilities of the Reich. Although the engine proved to be extremely unreliable, the aircraft had
Messerschmitt_Me_163_Komet
Prototype aircraft by Fieseler
to the Henschel Hs 123. Fieseler developed the model in response to the Reich Air Ministry specification of 11 February 1934 calling for a robust biplane
Fieseler_Fi_98
Brazilian heavy metal band
Material On The Road". Archived from the original on August 8, 2010. Prakash KL (August 3, 2010). "Sepultura's new album is in pipeline – oneindia entertainment"
Sepultura
1936 maritime reconnaissance floatplane family by Arado
Do 24 8-257 Do 253 Kl 25 8-267 Do 26 Kl 26 8-277 8-27 Do 273 Kl 275 8-281 8-297 8-29 Do 29 Fw 30 Kl 31 Kl 32 Ju 33 Ju 34 Kl 35 Kl 36 He 373 8-387 He 38
Arado_Ar_196
1935 multi-role flying boat family by Dornier
Germany Deutsche Luft Hansa Luftwaffe Data from Aircraft of the Third Reich Volume one, German Aircraft of the Second World War, The Do 18...Dornier's
Dornier_Do_18
230F-1 The proposed production version Data from Aircraft of the Third Reich, Fighting gliders of World War II, German gliders in World War II General
DFS_230F
German physician and war criminal (1911–1978)
ISBN 978-3-319-05702-6. Roland, Paul (2018-07-31). Nazi Women of the Third Reich: Serving the Swastika. London: Arcturus Publishing. ISBN 978-1-78888-726-7
Herta_Oberheuser
Long-range, heavy jet bomber design project
Voss aircraft manufacturing division during the last years of the Third Reich. It featured a novel W-wing planform with variable incidence. The project
Blohm_&_Voss_P_188
Polish Roman Catholic priest and martyr
20 February 1940(1940-02-20) (aged 34) Fort VII (KL Posen), Poznań, Reichsgau Wartheland, German Reich (now Poland) Venerated in Roman Catholic Church
Ludwik_Mzyk
German monoplane
two were flown in the aerial reconnaissance role by KüFlGr 406 and 2./AuKlGr ob d L, while the other two were used for logistical support with KGzbV
Blohm_&_Voss_Ha_142
Nazi German governmental task force on the production of fighter aircraft
Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of the Jägerstab, which superseded the Reich Aviation Ministry with the aim of increasing fighter aircraft production
Jägerstab
1938 reconnaissance aircraft family by Focke-Wulf
authors list (link) Green, William (1979) [1970]. Warplanes of the Third Reich (4th ed.). London: Macdonald and Jane's. ISBN 0-356-02382-6. Green, William;
Focke-Wulf_Fw_189_Uhu
Major branch of the SS (1936–1945)
the Holocaust; perpetrated by the SS within the command structure of the Reich Security Main Office, subordinate to Heinrich Himmler, and the SS Economic
SS-Totenkopfverbände
German ramjet interceptor project
Do 24 8-257 Do 253 Kl 25 8-267 Do 26 Kl 26 8-277 8-27 Do 273 Kl 275 8-281 8-297 8-29 Do 29 Fw 30 Kl 31 Kl 32 Ju 33 Ju 34 Kl 35 Kl 36 He 373 8-387 He 38
Focke-Wulf_Ta_283
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