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Byzantine emperor from 685 to 695 and 705 to 711
Justinian II (Greek: Ἰουστινιανός, romanized: Ioustinianós; Latin: Iustinianus; 668/69 – 4 November 711), nicknamed "the Slit-Nosed" (Greek: ὁ Ῥινότμητος
Justinian_II
Byzantine co-emperor from 705 to 711
the son of Emperor Justinian II and Theodora of Khazaria. He served as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire with his father Justinian II, from 706 to 711
Tiberius (son of Justinian II)
Tiberius_(son_of_Justinian_II)
Roman emperor from 565 to 578
until 578. He was the nephew of Justinian I and the husband of Sophia, the niece of Justinian's wife Theodora. Justin II inherited a greatly enlarged but
Justin_II
Roman emperor from 527 to 565
Justinian I (Latin: Iustinianus, Ancient Greek: Ἰουστινιανός, romanized: Ioustinianós; 482 – 14 November 565), also known as Justinian the Great, was Roman
Justinian_I
Period of Byzantine history from 610 to 711
Constans II and Constantine IV, the Empire continued to resist Arab expansion while also confronting threats in the Balkans. Under Justinian II, Byzantine
Byzantine Empire under the Heraclian dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Heraclian_dynasty
Period of acute internal instability in the Byzantine Empire from 695 to 717
deposition of Justinian II in 695 and ended in 717, when Leo III the Isaurian took power and inaugurated the Isaurian dynasty. The reign of Justinian II (685–711)
Twenty_Years'_Anarchy
Byzantine emperor from 698 to 705
them along the eastern border with some success. In 705, former emperor Justinian II, who had been deposed by Leontius, led an army of Slavs and Bulgars from
Tiberius_III
Byzantine empress c.685–695
romanized: Evdókia) was the first empress consort of Byzantine Emperor Justinian II. The name and place of burial of Eudokia in the Church of the Holy Apostles
Eudokia (wife of Justinian II)
Eudokia_(wife_of_Justinian_II)
Khan of Bulgaria
Bulgarian Empire at the beginning of the 8th century. In 705 Emperor Justinian II named him caesar, the first foreigner to receive this title. He was raised
Tervel_of_Bulgaria
Byzantine emperor from 976 to 1025
9th–10th centuries, or the 150,000–160,000 of the field armies under Justinian I. At the same time, however, under Basil the practice began of relying
Basil_II
Byzantine emperor from 668 to 685
was born in 669, Constantine named him Justinian II, signaling a deliberate association with the earlier Justinian dynasty and its ideals of renovatio imperii
Constantine_IV
Roman emperor from 337 to 340
Constantine II (Latin: Flavius Claudius Constantinus; 316–340) was Roman emperor from 337 to 340. He was the second son of Emperor Constantine I and the
Constantine_II_(emperor)
Byzantine emperor from 695 to 698
years of Justinian II's reign, securing victory and forcing the Umayyad caliph, Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, to sue for peace. In 692, Justinian declared
Leontius
Roman emperor from 641 to 668
ISBN 978-1463211158. Pringle, Denys (1981). The Defence of Byzantine Africa from Justinian to the Arab Conquest: An Account of the Military History and Archaeology
Constans_II
Eastern Roman emperor from 402 to 450
law code of Theodosius II, summarizing edicts promulgated since Constantine, formed a basis for the law code of Emperor Justinian I, the Corpus Juris Civilis
Theodosius_II
Roman emperor from 574 to 582
his general Justinian with the eastern armies to push Khosrau and the Persians back across the Euphrates. The Byzantines led by Justinian pushed deep
Tiberius_II_Constantine
Byzantine emperor from 711 to 713
from 711 to 713. He took power in a coup against the unpopular emperor Justinian II, and was deposed in a similarly violent manner nineteen months later
Philippicus
Chariot racing factions
that Justinian's successor, Justin II, told the Blues "The emperor Justinian is dead and gone from among you", and the Greens "The emperor Justinian still
Demes_in_the_Byzantine_Empire
Byzantine emperor (1185–1195; 1203–1204)
Isaac II Angelos or Angelus (Greek: Ἰσαάκιος Κομνηνός Ἄγγελος, romanized: Isaákios Komnēnós Ángelos; September 1156 – 28 January 1204) was Byzantine Emperor
Isaac_II_Angelos
Byzantine emperor from 963 to 969
in the Hippodrome similar in style to those displayed by the emperor Justinian centuries earlier preceding the Nika riots and its violent suppression
Nikephoros_II_Phokas
Byzantine emperor from 713 to 715
Justinian II, the empire experienced a rapid succession of four rulers from 695 to 713. The fourth ruler, Philippicus, successfully deposed Justinian
Anastasius_II_(emperor)
doi:10.2307/300873. JSTOR 300873. S2CID 162435434. Sarris, Peter (2023). Justinian: Emperor, Soldier, Saint. New York: Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-213-76478-4
List_of_Byzantine_emperors
Byzantine emperor from 959 to 963
Romanos II (Greek: Ῥωμανός, romanized: Rōmanos; 938 – 15 March 963) was Byzantine Emperor from 959 to 963. He succeeded his father Constantine VII at the
Romanos_II
Period of Byzantine history from 518 to 602
under the Justinian dynasty began in 518 AD with the accession of Justin I. Under the Justinian dynasty, particularly the reign of Justinian I, the empire
Byzantine Empire under the Justinian dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Justinian_dynasty
Byzantine domination of the Roman papacy, 537 to 752
emperor) or the inhabitants of Byzantine-ruled Greece, Syria, or Sicily. Justinian I reconquered the Italian peninsula in the Gothic War (535–554) and appointed
Byzantine_Papacy
Byzantine emperor from 1118 to 1143
form of a heroon; this emulates the older mausolea of Constantine and Justinian in the Church of the Holy Apostles. Very active persecution of the followers
John_II_Komnenos
16-year-old son and successor, Justinian II. With the caliphate of Abd al-Malik still mired in the second Fitna, Justinian exploited the situation to attain
Cilician Campaign of Constantine IV
Cilician_Campaign_of_Constantine_IV
692 CE Battle between the Umayyad Caliphate and the Byzantine empire
established in 680, came to an end. Justinian II sought to restore the territorial extent of the Roman Empire under Justinian I by pursuing military campaigns
Battle_of_Sebastopolis
portion of Italy was conquered by the Lombards already under Justinian I's successor, Justin II. Rome and its surroundings remained under imperial control
List_of_Roman_emperors
Eastern Roman emperor in 474
Croke, Brian (2021). "The Imperial Reigns of Leo II". Roman Emperors in Context: Theodosius to Justinian. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-000-38830-5. Freely, John
Leo_II_(emperor)
686–88 Byzantine defeat of the Umayyads
were major military offensive orchestrated by the Byzantine Emperor Justinian II into Transcaucasia, and commanded by the general Leontius. The expedition
Caucasian Campaigns of Leontius
Caucasian_Campaigns_of_Leontius
Byzantine emperor from 867 to 886
legislative work which Basil I undertook, he is often called the "second Justinian". Basil's laws were collected in the Basilika, consisting of sixty books
Basil_I
Byzantine emperor from 1180 to 1183
Alexios II Komnenos (Greek: Ἀλέξιος Κομνηνός, romanized: Aléxios Komnēnós; 14 September 1169 – September 1183), Latinized Alexius II Comnenus, was Byzantine
Alexios_II_Komnenos
Byzantine emperor from 820 to 829
Michael II (Greek: Μιχαήλ, Mikhaḗl; 770 – 2 October 829), called the Amorian (ὁ ἐξ Ἀμορίου, ho ex Amoríou) and the Stammerer (ὁ Τραυλός, o Travlós or ὁ
Michael_II
Roman emperor from 268 to 270
Claudius "Gothicus" (10 May 214 – August/September 270), also known as Claudius II, was Roman emperor from 268 to 270. During his reign he fought successfully
Claudius_Gothicus
Roman emperor from 217 to 218
by returning the crown and loot to Khosrov's son and successor Tiridates II and releasing his mother from prison, and by restoring Armenia to its status
Macrinus
Byzantine emperor from 1391 to 1425
Manuel II Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Μανουὴλ Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Manouḗl Palaiológos, pronounced [ma.nuˈil pa.le.oˈlo.ɣos]; 27 June 1350 –
Manuel_II_Palaiologos
Byzantine emperor from 715 to 717
peace between each other. Hostilities were resumed by Byzantine Emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695, 705–711), resulting in a string of Arab victories. As a
Theodosius_III
Roman empress from 527 to 548
548) was the wife of emperor Justinian I and Eastern Roman empress from 527 until her death. Theodora was one of Justinian's chief political advisers. She
Theodora (wife of Justinian I)
Theodora_(wife_of_Justinian_I)
Roman emperor from 375 to 392
Valentinian II (Latin: Valentinianus; 371 – 15 May 392) was a Roman emperor in the western part of the Roman Empire between AD 375 and 392. He was at first
Valentinian_II
Bulgar general
South Slavic military commander in the service of the Byzantine Emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695 and 705–711). Around 690, Neboulos was appointed commander
Neboulos
Topics referred to by the same term
Saint Justinian is the name of: Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I (483–565), saint in the Eastern Orthodox tradition Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian II (668/669–711)
Saint_Justinian
Roman emperor from 518 to 527
His reign is significant for the founding of the Justinian dynasty that included his nephew, Justinian I, and three succeeding emperors. His consort was
Justin_I
695 CE and 705 CE. Justinian II was both the last ruler before the interregnum and the first ruler after the interregnum. Justinian II and Tiberius reigned
List_of_Roman_dynasties
Head of the Catholic Church from 708 to 715
letter from Pope Leo II to Emperor Constantine IV in 682. He met and developed a rapport with Constantine IV's son Justinian II on both occasions. Constantine's
Pope_Constantine
Byzantine co-emperor from 659–681
ensure that his son, Justinian II, would succeed him. After this point, neither are mentioned again by history. ODB, "Constans II" (P. A. Hollingsworth
Heraclius (son of Constans II)
Heraclius_(son_of_Constans_II)
Roman emperor from 256 to 258
Publius Licinius Cornelius Valerianus (died 258), also known as Valerian II (/vəˈlɪəriən/), was the eldest son of Roman Emperor Gallienus and Augusta Cornelia
Valerian_II
Province of the Byzantine Empire
dated to sometime between 687 and 695, during the first reign of Emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695, 705–711), probably as a direct result of his 688/689 campaign
Hellas_(theme)
Ruler of the Roman Empire
the East, the title finally lost its imperial character in 705, when Justinian II awarded it to Tervel of Bulgaria. After this it became a court title
Roman_emperor
Byzantine emperor from 610 to 641
loss of one of the provinces that had been conquered by the armies of Justinian I. In 626 the Avars and Slavs supported by a Persian army commanded by
Heraclius
Byzantine emperor in 641
Ed. Weberi. Stratos, A. N. (1980). Byzantium in the Seventh Century: Justinian II, Leontius and Tiberius 685-711. Amsterdam: Hakkert. ISBN 978-9-025-60852-1
Heraclonas
Umayyad caliph from 685 to 705
000 gold coins, a horse and a slave for every day of the year. Under Justinian II (r. 685–695, 705–711), the Byzantines became more aggressive, though
Abd_al-Malik_ibn_Marwan
Byzantine emperor from 1282 to 1328
Andronikos II Palaiologos (Byzantine Greek: Ἀνδρόνικος Δούκας Ἄγγελος Κομνηνὸς Παλαιολόγος, romanized: Andrónikos Doúkās Ángelos Komnēnós Palaiológos;
Andronikos_II_Palaiologos
Byzantine emperor from 717 to 741
whose nickname was based on his mother's origin). After the victory of Justinian II, Konon was dispatched on a diplomatic mission to Alania and Lazica to
Leo_III_the_Isaurian
palace coup occurred in Constantinople in 705. This coup returned Emperor Justinian II to power who was very hostile to the inhabitants of Crimea. A tudun appointed
Khazar Protectorate over Cherson
Khazar_Protectorate_over_Cherson
Byzantine co-emperor from 659–681
eyes; also, the emperor was keen to raise up his own son, the future Justinian II. Sometime between 16 September and 21 December 681, Constantine ordered
Tiberius_(son_of_Constans_II)
Roman emperor from 198 to 217
until at least the 2nd century AD. As a consequence, the phalangarii of Legio II Parthica may not have been pikemen, but rather standard battle line troops
Caracalla
Byzantine code of law promulgated likely during the reign of emperor Justinian II (r. 685–695 and 705–711), which has survived in dozens of 10th-century
Nomos_Georgikos
Roman emperor from 363 to 364
Athanasius. Routledge. ISBN 978-0415202039. Barker, John W. (1966). Justinian and the Later Roman Empire. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0299039448
Jovian_(emperor)
Roman emperor in 276
Constans II Constantine IV (w. Heraclius & Tiberius) Justinian II Leontius Tiberius III Justinian II (w. Tiberius IV) Philippicus Anastasius II Theodosius
Florianus
Third Century (235–285) Coin exchange crisis of 692. Byzantine emperor Justinian II refuses to accept tribute from the Umayyad Caliphate with new Arab gold
List_of_economic_crises
Front and back sides of coins and other two-sided objects
considered the reverse. The introduction of this style in the gold coins of Justinian II from the year 695 provoked the Islamic Caliph, Abd al-Malik, who previously
Obverse_and_reverse
Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185
Andronicus I Comnenus, was Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185. A nephew of John II Komnenos (r. 1118–1143), Andronikos rose to fame in the reign of his cousin
Andronikos_I_Komnenos
Head of the Catholic Church from 705 to 707
relations with the Lombards, who ruled much of Italy, than with Emperor Justinian II, who ruled the rest. John was an ethnic Greek, a native of Rossano in
Pope_John_VII
Roman emperor from 337 to 361
August 2009. Codex Justinianus. Scott, Samuel P., trans. The Code of Justinian, in The Civil Law. 17 vols. 1932. Online at the Constitution Society.
Constantius_II
Byzantine empress from 705 to 711
wife of Justinian II. She was a sister of Busir, khagan of the Khazars. Justinian II had first succeeded to the throne in 685. In 695, Justinian was deposed
Theodora_of_Khazaria
Roman emperor in 193
Herodian, ii.12.3. Herodian, ii.11.6. Cassius Dio, lxxiv, 17.3. Cassius Dio, lxxiv, 17.4; Historia Augusta, Didius Julianus, 8.7; Herodian, ii.12.6. Historia
Didius_Julianus
541–549 AD in the Byzantine Empire, later northern Europe
The plague of Justinian or Justinianic plague (AD 541–549) was an epidemic of plague that afflicted the entire Mediterranean Basin, Europe, and the Near
Plague_of_Justinian
Criminal punishment used against rivals
would disqualify an individual from taking the throne. An exception was Justinian II (ὁ Ῥινότμητος, "the slit-nosed"), who had his nose cut off when he was
Political mutilation in Byzantine culture
Political_mutilation_in_Byzantine_culture
Western Roman emperor from 455 to 456
the Later Roman Empire from the Death of Theodosius I to the Death of Justinian (1923) suggested "Marcus Maecilius Flavius Eparchius Avitus". Avitus was
Avitus
Eastern Roman emperor from 457 to 474
the Later Roman Empire: from the death of Theodosius I to the death of Justinian. Dover books. Vol. 1. Dover Publications. Friell, Gerard (1998). The Rome
Leo_I_(emperor)
Head of the Catholic Church from 684 to 685
exarch of Ravenna. Benedict symbolically adopted Constantine's sons, Justinian II and Heraclius. To help to suppress Monothelitism, Benedict endeavoured
Pope_Benedict_II
Roman emperor from AD 14 to 37
Annales, II.46. Tacitus, Annales, II.41. Shotter 2004, pp. 35–37. Tacitus, Annales, II.26. Tacitus, Annales, II.43. Tacitus, Annales, II.71. Tacitus
Tiberius
One hundred years, from 701 to 800
the reign of China's first and only sole-ruling empress ends. 705: Justinian II is forced to give the title Caesar of Byzantium to the Bulgarian Emperor
8th_century
Roman emperor from AD 37 to 41
Barrett 2015, p. 77. Philo, On the Embassy II.10. Suet. Calig., 13. Suet. Calig., 14. Philo, On the Embassy II.12–13. Barrett & Yardley 2023, p. 99. Josephus
Caligula
Guaram transferred his allegiance from the Umayyads to the emperor Justinian II and was conferred with the title of curopalates. He must have been succeeded
Guaram_II
Collection of legal works codified by Justinian I of Byzantium
order of Roman Emperor Justinian I. It is also sometimes referred to metonymically after one of its parts, the Code of Justinian. The work as planned had
Corpus_Juris_Civilis
Roman emperor from 177 to 192
M. D. (2024). A History of the Roman World from A.D. 138 to 337. Chapter II, note 77. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-040-03539-9. Historia Augusta 12 Historia
Commodus
Variant of the Christian cross
of the Byzantine Empire starting with the second reign of the Emperor Justinian II, whose second reign was from 705–711. At the beginning of the second
Patriarchal_cross
Series of wars between the 7th and 11th centuries
with the death of the rebel leader Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr. The wars of Justinian II (r. 685–695 and 705–711), last emperor of the Heraclian Dynasty, "reflected
Arab–Byzantine_wars
Topics referred to by the same term
Justinian II Rhinotmetus (669–711), Byzantine Emperor Justinian (magister militum per Orientem) (c. 525–582), Byzantine general, nephew of Justinian I
Justinian_(disambiguation)
Imperial title in the Roman and Byzantine Empires
independent rulers. Tervel, khan of the Bulgars, named in 705 by Justinian II George II of Georgia, named in 1081 by his brother-in-law Nikephoros III Hrelja
Caesar_(title)
Byzantine emperor in 641
Constantine and Gregoria married and gave birth to a son Constantine (Constans II) on 7 November 630, the same day as Heraclius Constantine's own half-brother
Heraclius_Constantine
694 Byzantine defeat in Lebanon by Maronites
in 685. This move was done without approval of the Byzantine emperor Justinian II and in retaliation for what he viewed as an act against his authority
Battle_of_Amioun
Roman emperor from 247 to 249
Philip II (Latin: Marcus Julius Severus Philippus; 237 – 249), also known as Philip the Younger, was the son and heir of the Roman emperor Philip the Arab
Philip_II_(Roman_emperor)
Byzantine emperor from 1425 to 1448
who would become the final emperor. John VIII was the eldest son of Manuel II Palaiologos and Helena Dragaš, the daughter of the Serbian prince Constantine
John_VIII_Palaiologos
Roman emperor in 251
Constans II Constantine IV (w. Heraclius & Tiberius) Justinian II Leontius Tiberius III Justinian II (w. Tiberius IV) Philippicus Anastasius II Theodosius
Licinian
Period of Byzantine history from 717 to 802
the Danube. With the first deposition of Constantine IV's son and heir Justinian II in 695 began a period of troubles that lasted almost a quarter-century
Byzantine Empire under the Isaurian dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Isaurian_dynasty
Byzantine emperor from 802 to 811
Bardanes, Generals Leo (later Emperor Leo V) and Michael (later Emperor Michael II), defected to Nikephoros, receiving major promotions as a reward. Bardanes
Nikephoros_I
Type of physical punishment
fell out of use, with the last event being the cutting of the nose of Justinian II in 695. Nose-cutting was a tradition adopted from the East, with Ancient
Blinding_(punishment)
Western Roman emperor from 467 to 472
Ariadne and Leontia, and later became Praetorian prefect of the East. Justinian code, I.11.8, issued on 1 July 472, cited in Mathisen. Sidonius Apollinaris
Anthemius
History of Anatolia under the Byzantine Empire
son, Justinian II (685–695, 705–711), co-emperor since 681. Justinian was an ambitious ruler eager to emulate his illustrious ancestor, Justinian I. However
Byzantine_Anatolia
7th-century church council
Penthekte Synod, was a church council held in 692 at Constantinople under Justinian II. The synod is known as the "Council in Trullo" because, like the Sixth
Quinisext_Council
Byzantine emperor from 886 to 912
Basilika, the Greek translation and update of the law code issued by Justinian I, which had been started during the reign of Basil. Bishop Liutprand
Leo_VI_the_Wise
Roman emperor from 218 to 222
(1885–1886). Monnaies Consulaires II. Bologna: Forni. pp. 63–69. Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum, CIL II, 1409, CIL II, 1410, CIL II, 1413, and CIL III: 564–589
Elagabalus
Western Roman emperor from 475 to 476
Morris, John, eds. (1980). The Prospography of the Later Roman Empire: Volume II: AD 395–527. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-20159-9. Kos, Marjeta
Romulus_Augustulus
Amputation of the nose
unfaithful was instructed to act as executioner". Emperor of the Romans Justinian II had his nose removed by the general who deposed him. He returned with
Rhinotomy
Stoic philosopher, Roman emperor from 161 to 180
to the Historia Augusta) ex-praetor; his grandfather Marcus Annius Verus (II) was made patrician in 73–74. Through his grandmother Rupilia Faustina, Marcus
Marcus_Aurelius
Roman emperor from 306 to 307
Flavius Valerius Severus (died September 307), also called Severus II, was a Roman emperor from 306 to 307, and a member of the Tetrarchy. He shared control
Severus_II
Roman emperor from 383 to 408
Commons has media related to Arcadius. Laws of Arcadius, extracted from Justinian's Corpus Juris Civilis Watts, Edward, "the motifs of Imperial authority
Arcadius
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