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Swiss mathematician and astronomer (1734–1800)
Johann Albrecht Euler (27 November 1734 – 17 September 1800) was a Swiss-Russian astronomer and mathematician who made contributions to electrostatics
Johann_Euler
Swiss mathematician (1707–1783)
was given by Johann Bernoulli, the younger brother of the deceased Jacob Bernoulli, who had taught Euler's father. Johann Bernoulli and Euler soon got to
Leonhard_Euler
Graphical set representation involving overlapping shapes
was not Euler but rather Weise; however the latter book was actually written by Johann Christian Lange, rather than Weise. He references Euler's Letters
Euler_diagram
Finnish-Swedish mathematician and astronomer (1740–1784)
me". Daniel Bernoulli also praised his work, writing in a letter to Johann Euler "I like Lexell's works, they are profound and interesting, and the value
Anders_Johan_Lexell
Complex exponential in terms of sine and cosine
Euler's formula, named after Leonhard Euler, is a mathematical formula in complex analysis that establishes the fundamental relationship between the trigonometric
Euler's_formula
Mathematical equation linking e, i and π
Euler's identity (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality e i π + 1 = 0 {\displaystyle e^{i\pi }+1=0} where e {\displaystyle e} is Euler's number
Euler's_identity
Swiss mathematician (1667–1748)
contributions to infinitesimal calculus and for educating the young Leonhard Euler. Johann was born in Basel, the son of Nicolaus Bernoulli, an apothecary, and
Johann_Bernoulli
Surname list
ornithologist Hans Heinrich Euler (1901–1941), German physicist Ingeborg Euler (1927-2005), German journalist and writer Johann Euler (1734–1800), Swiss-Russian
Euler_(surname)
Set of theories
an electric aether was proposed to explain electrostatic phenomena. Johann Euler, developed a model for electrostatic forces in 1757 based on fluid dynamics
Aether_theories
Surname list
Paper Bag Players Katharina Gsell (1707–1773), wife of Leonhard Euler, mother of Johann Euler, and daughter of Georg Lucien Laurent-Gsell (died 1944), French
Gsell
Difference between logarithm and harmonic series
computations were done by Johann von Soldner in 1809, who used the notation H. The notation γ appears nowhere in the writings of either Euler or Mascheroni, and
Euler's_constant
Diagram that shows all possible logical relations between a collection of sets
century. Pioneers in this tradition of Euler diagrams included Erhard Weigel (1625–1699) and his students Johann Christoph Sturm (1635-1703) and Gottfried
Venn_diagram
Drell Paul Erman Georg Adolf Erman Leonhard Euler List of topics named after Leonhard Euler Johann Euler William Garnett Maxwell Garnett Maxwell Garnett
List of second-generation physicists
List_of_second-generation_physicists
(1728–1803), diplomat, art agent, author, volcanologist and mineralogist Johann Euler (1734–1800), Swiss-Russian astronomer and mathematician John Julius Angerstein
List of people from Saint Petersburg
List_of_people_from_Saint_Petersburg
Quasilinear first-order ordinary differential equation
In classical mechanics, Euler's rotation equations are a vectorial quasilinear first-order ordinary differential equation describing the rotation of a
Euler's equations (rigid body dynamics)
Euler's_equations_(rigid_body_dynamics)
German mathematician (1732–1787)
situation was not as wished, and in 1763 Karsten wrote to Johann Euler, a son of Leonhard Euler, that he would like to become a lecturer in Saint Petersburg
Wenceslaus Johann Gustav Karsten
Wenceslaus_Johann_Gustav_Karsten
Extend Newton's laws of motion to rigid bodies
motion. They were formulated by Leonhard Euler about 50 years after Isaac Newton formulated his laws. Euler's first law states that the rate of change
Euler's_laws_of_motion
Calendar year
true causes of electricity including their theory" to Switzerland's Johann Euler for his paper Disquisitio de causa physica electricitatis. September
1755
Turbomachinery Equation in Fluid Dynamics
The Euler pump and turbine equations are the most fundamental equations in the field of turbomachinery. These equations govern the power, efficiencies
Euler's pump and turbine equation
Euler's_pump_and_turbine_equation
Grigory Orlov, Russian noble Nikolai Vasilyevich Repnin, Russian statesman Johann Euler, Swiss-Russian mathematician Gavriil Golovkin, Russian statesman Wills
1734_in_Russia
Swiss polymath (1728–1777)
(2007). Euler at 300 : an appreciation. [Washington, D.C.] : Mathematical Association of America. ISBN 978-0-88385-565-2. Lambert, Johann Heinrich (1761)
Johann_Heinrich_Lambert
Landmark mathematics textbook by Leonhard Euler
алгебраического вычисления. – СПб. : Имп. АН, 1768. – 8, 376 c. Euler, Leonhard; Joseph-Louis, Lagrange; Johann, Bernoulli (1771). "Vollständige Anleitung zur Algebra"
Elements_of_Algebra
Swiss mathematician and physicist (1700–1782)
the idea to explain Boyle's law. He worked with Euler on elasticity and the development of the Euler–Bernoulli beam equation. Bernoulli's principle is
Daniel_Bernoulli
Hungarian scientist (1704–1777)
Johann Andreas von Segner (Hungarian: Segner János András, German: Johann Andreas von Segner, Slovak: Ján Andrej Segner, Latin: Iohannes Andreas de Segner;
Johann_Andreas_Segner
on botany and natural history. Johann Heinrich Samuel Formey Henri-Sébastien Dupuy de Bordes Leonhard Euler Johann Euler André Ferry Hieronymus David Gaubius
Encyclopedia_of_Yverdon
German mathematician (1712-1757)
period. König is remembered largely for his disagreements with Leonhard Euler, concerning the principle of least action. He is also remembered as a tutor
Johann_Samuel_König
electricity including their theory"; the prize will be won in 1755 by Johann Euler. February 17 – The concept of electrical telegraphy is first published
1753_in_science
German polymath and scholar (1777–1855)
Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss (/ɡaʊs/ ; German: Gauß; 30 April 1777 – 23 February 1855) was a German mathematician, astronomer, geodesist, and physicist
Carl_Friedrich_Gauss
Leonhard Euler Unpublished. First published appearance was in Euler's Mechanica (1736). ≠ inequality sign (not equal to) unknown Leonhard Euler x′ prime
Table of mathematical symbols by introduction date
Table_of_mathematical_symbols_by_introduction_date
born 1761 May 18 - Alexander Suvorov, general, born 1730 September 17 - Johann Euler, astronomer and mathematician, born 1734 October 8 - Salawat Yulayev
1800_in_Russia
Decade
true causes of electricity including their theory" to Switzerland's Johann Euler for his paper Disquisitio de causa physica electricitatis. September
1750s
Genevan astronomer (1740–1790)
communication with Mallet, including Johann Bernoulli, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, Jean Hyacinthe de Magellan, Johann Euler, and Charles Messier. After his death
Jacques-André_Mallet
German mathematician (1690–1764)
mathematicians like Leonhard Euler, Daniel Bernoulli, Johann Bernoulli, and Jean le Rond d'Alembert. Goldbach also played a part in Euler's decision to academically
Christian_Goldbach
Direction and rate of rotation
angular velocity pseudovector were first calculated by Leonhard Euler using his Euler angles and the use of an intermediate frame: One axis of the reference
Angular_velocity
German engineer
belts and examined the forces involved, developing on the theory of Euler. The Euler-Eytelwein Formula, also known as the capstan equation was one of the
Johann_Albert_Eytelwein
Bernoulli in 1683. More than half a century later, Euler, who had been a student of Jacob's younger brother Johann, proved that e is irrational; that is, that
Proof_that_e_is_irrational
Erdős–Borwein constant Euler–Mascheroni constant ( γ {\displaystyle \gamma } ) – Leonhard Euler and Lorenzo Mascheroni Euler's number ( e {\displaystyle
List of scientific constants named after people
List_of_scientific_constants_named_after_people
Italian-French scientist (1736–1813)
mechanics. In 1766, on the recommendation of Leonhard Euler and d'Alembert, Lagrange succeeded Euler as the director of mathematics at the Prussian Academy
Joseph-Louis_Lagrange
German organ builder (c.1775–1846)
Heeren's son-in-law Johann Friedrich Euler in 1795, Kuhlmann married Heeren's daughter Anna Elisabeth. Heeren's son Johann Christoph worked in the workshop
Johann_Dietrich_Kuhlmann
20th-century German politician
Ignaz Euler (20 February 1804 – 27 October 1886) was a Prussian notary and politician of the democratic movement [de]. Born in Düsseldorf, Euler was a
Joseph_Euler
Johann Daniel Schumacher (Russian: Ива́н Дани́лович Шума́хер; German: Johann Daniel von Schumacher; 5 February 1690 – 14 June 1761) was the secretary of
Johann_Daniel_Schumacher
Branch of mathematics
17th century envisioned the geometria situs and analysis situs. Leonhard Euler's Seven Bridges of Königsberg problem and polyhedron formula are arguably
Topology
German mathematician (1733–1813)
at the University of Utrecht. He was a significant student of Leonhard Euler. He was known for his inclination towards the British school of philosophy
Johann_Friedrich_Hennert
German mathematician and theologian
Johann Friedrich Schultz, also known as Johann Schultz (11 June 1739, Mühlhausen – 27 June 1805, Königsberg), was a German Enlightenment Protestant theologian
Johann_Friedrich_Schultz
Former brewery in Munich, Germany
Proebst, the latter being succeeded by Konrad Euler. First Brewery Inspectors and Master Brewers were Johann Baptist Kuttendreier and Ludwig Bauer. On December
Bürgerliches_Brauhaus
German astronomer and mathematician
of which were written by Kies. The crater Kies on the Moon is named after him. (in French) Imago Mundi: Johann Kies (in English) Euler’s Correspondents
Johann_Kies
Type of inertial force
the rate of rotation of the frame changes, a third fictitious force (the Euler force) is required. These fictitious forces are necessary for the formulation
Centrifugal_force
Concept in classical mechanics
the Coriolis force, and, for non-uniformly rotating reference frames, the Euler force. Scientists in a rotating box can measure the rotation speed and axis
Rotating_reference_frame
Fundamental principle of classical physics
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Inertia
Topics referred to by the same term
are named Jacob II Bernoulli (1759–1789) Johann Bernoulli (1667–1748) Johann II Bernoulli (1710–1790) Johann III Bernoulli (1744–1807), also known as
Bernoulli
Number, approximately 3.14
"Estimating π" (PDF). How Euler Did It. Reprinted in How Euler Did Even More. Mathematical Association of America. 2014. pp. 109–118. Euler, Leonhard (1755).
Pi
Formulation of the principle of stationary action
called the Euler–Lagrange equations for the variational problem. Trivial examples help to appreciate the use of the action principle via the Euler–Lagrange
Hamilton's_principle
Rational number sequence
formula for the sum of m-th powers of the first n positive integers, in the Euler–Maclaurin formula, and in expressions for certain values of the Riemann
Bernoulli_number
Rigid body equations in classical mechanics
the Newton–Euler equations describe the combined translational and rotational dynamics of a rigid body. Traditionally the Newton–Euler equations is
Newton–Euler_equations
Italian mathematician (1750–1800)
figure was corrected by Johann Georg von Soldner in 1809. Mascheroni's Adnotationes have been reprinted as an appendix in Euler's Opera Omnia. Asteroid
Lorenzo_Mascheroni
Theorem in differential geometry
and ds is the line element along the boundary of M. Here, χ(M) is the Euler characteristic of M. If the boundary ∂M is piecewise smooth, then we interpret
Gauss–Bonnet_theorem
Collection of all creative works of a person or group
Werke (of Johann Sebastian Bach) published 1851 to 1926 by the Bach Gesellschaft at Leipzig, in 46 volumes. The Opera Omnia Leonhard Euler, a compilation
Complete_works
Swiss mathematician (1755–1826)
Benedikte Philippine Luise Euler (1766–1822). Albertine Euler was the daughter of Leonhard Euler's eldest son, Johann Albrecht Euler (1734–1800), and his wife
Nicolas_Fuss
European scientific journal (1682–1782)
(apart from Leibniz) from, e.g., Jakob Bernoulli, Humphry Ditton, Leonhard Euler, Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, Pierre-Simon Laplace and Jérôme Lalande
Acta_Eruditorum
Type of permutation
are variously known as Euler numbers, zigzag numbers, up/down numbers, or by some combinations of these names. The name Euler numbers in particular is
Alternating_permutation
Swiss mathematician and crystallographer (1903–2006)
Johann Jakob Burckhardt (13 July 1903 – 5 November 2006) was a Swiss mathematician and crystallographer. He was an invited speaker at the International
Johann_Jakob_Burckhardt
Change in the position of an object
objects (such as helium, protons, and electrons). Historically, Newton and Euler formulated three laws of classical mechanics: Classical mechanics is used
Motion
Constant equal to twice pi
Leonhard Euler initially used the single letter π to denote the constant 6.28... in his 1727 Essay Explaining the Properties of Air. Euler would later
Tau_(mathematics)
Differential calculus on function spaces
Functions that maximize or minimize functionals may be found using the Euler–Lagrange equation of the calculus of variations. A simple example of such
Calculus_of_variations
Study of the effects of forces on undeformable bodies
intrinsic rotation. Diagram of the Euler angles Intrinsic rotation of a ball about a fixed axis Motion of a top in the Euler angles These are three angles
Rigid_body_dynamics
German mathematician (1765–1825)
Johann Friedrich Pfaff (sometimes spelled Friederich; 22 December 1765 – 21 April 1825) was a German mathematician. He is best known for his work on differential
Johann_Friedrich_Pfaff
Divergent sum of positive unit fractions
natural logarithm and γ ≈ 0.577 {\displaystyle \gamma \approx 0.577} is the Euler–Mascheroni constant. Because the logarithm has arbitrarily large values
Harmonic_series_(mathematics)
Swiss mathematician (1695–1726)
equations, and probability. He was a friend and contemporary of Leonhard Euler, who studied under Nicolaus' father. He also contributed to fluid dynamics
Nicolaus_II_Bernoulli
German philosopher (1713–1751)
never appeared in the profuse correspondence between Knutzen and Leonhard Euler, which is evidence of in what little esteem Knutzen held Kant. Knutzen was
Martin_Knutzen
Study of forces and their effect on motion
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Dynamics_(mechanics)
18th-century German astronomer (1723–1762)
of Sciences at Göttingen), and published in their transactions. Leonard Euler recommended him for a post at the Imperial Russian Academy of Sciences in
Tobias_Mayer
Fastest curve descent without friction
problem. In solving it, he developed new methods that Leonhard Euler refined into what Euler called (in 1766) the calculus of variations. Joseph-Louis Lagrange
Brachistochrone_curve
Swiss physicist (1759-1789)
October 1759, Basel – 3 July 1789, Saint Petersburg), younger brother of Johann III Bernoulli, was a Swiss physicist. Having finished his literary studies
Jakob_II_Bernoulli
Amount of energy transferred or converted per unit time
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Power_(physics)
Russian mathematician (1796–1866)
Steffens, Karl-Georg (2007), The History of Approximation Theory: From Euler to Bernstein, Springer, p. 22, ISBN 9780817644758. A. Andreev; D. Tsygankov
Nikolai_Brashman
How quickly an object undergoes movement in a circular path
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Tangential_speed
Formulation of classical mechanics
r . {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial S}{\partial \alpha _{r}}}=Q_{r}.} Euler's equations provide an excellent illustration of Appell's formulation. Consider
Appell's_equation_of_motion
Mathematical expression
1748 Euler published a theorem showing that a particular kind of continued fraction is equivalent to a certain very general infinite series. Euler's continued
Continued_fraction
Influence on an oscillating physical system which reduces or prevents its oscillation
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Damping
kinetic energy T of the system. Leonhard Euler corresponded with Maupertuis from 1740 to 1744; in 1744 Euler proposed a refined formulation of the least
History of variational principles in physics
History_of_variational_principles_in_physics
Force in which the work done in moving an object depends only on its displacement
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Conservative_force
German writer (1642–1708)
the Euler diagram, was the precursor of the Venn diagram. The circles appeared in Nucleus Logicae Weisianae (1712), a treatise written by Johann Christian
Christian_Weise
German mathematician (1805–1859)
Johann Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet (/ˌdɪərɪˈkleɪ/; German: [ləˈʒœn diʁiˈkleː]; 13 February 1805 – 5 May 1859) was a German mathematician. In number
Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet
Peter_Gustav_Lejeune_Dirichlet
Swiss mathematician and professor (1710–1790)
result—though it overshot the correct factor. His father, Johann I, sent the essay to Leonhard Euler, who remained sceptical, while his brother Daniel Bernoulli
Johann_II_Bernoulli
Scottish minister (1741–1802)
minister who translated the works of noted scholars including Leonard Euler and Johann Kaspar Lavater. Henry Hunter was born at Culross on the Firth of Forth
Henry_Hunter_(divine)
Vector relating the initial and the final positions of a moving point
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Displacement_(geometry)
German astronomer and mathematician (1571–1630)
(in Latin). Linz: Johann Planck. 1618. Epitome astronomiae Copernicanae. 1–3, De doctrina sphaerica (in Latin). Vol. 44199. Linz: Johann Planck. 1618. Epitome
Johannes_Kepler
Physical object which does not deform when forces or moments are exerted on it
numerically describe the orientation of a rigid body, including a set of three Euler angles, a quaternion, or a direction cosine matrix (also referred to as
Rigid_body
Swiss mathematician (1655–1705)
{1}{n^{2}}}} , but he did show that it converged to a finite limit less than 2. Euler was the first to find the limit of this series in 1737. Bernoulli also studied
Jacob_Bernoulli
Swiss mathematician and physicist (1744–1807)
Johann III Bernoulli (also known as Jean; 4 November 1744 in Basel – 13 July 1807 in Berlin), grandson of Johann Bernoulli and son of Johann II Bernoulli
Johann_III_Bernoulli
2022 historical drama series
Gabriele von Metternich-Zichy, Princess Charlotte's lady-in-waiting Leonie Euler as Baroness Caroline von Bransner, Princess Charlotte's lady-in-waiting
The_Empress_(TV_series)
Subfield of physics
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Kinetics_(physics)
Formulation of classical mechanics
{L}}}{\partial {\dot {q}}^{i}\partial t}},\qquad i=1,\ldots ,n,} shows that the Euler–Lagrange equations form a n × n {\displaystyle n\times n} system of second-order
Hamilton–Jacobi_equation
Property of a mass in motion
system is: p = m v cm . {\displaystyle p=mv_{\text{cm}}.} This is known as Euler's first law. If the net force F applied to a particle is constant, and is
Momentum
Speed and direction of a motion
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Velocity
Process of energy transfer to an object via force application through displacement
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Work_(physics)
Displacement measured angle-wise when a body is showing circular or rotational motion
appears. Several ways to describe rotations exist, like rotation matrices or Euler angles. See charts on SO(3) for others. Given that any frame in the space
Angular_displacement
Measure of sustained displacement of an object from its initial position
Galileo Huygens Newton Horrocks Halley Maupertuis Daniel Bernoulli Johann Bernoulli Euler d'Alembert Clairaut Lagrange Laplace Poisson Hamilton Jacobi Cauchy
Absement
Branch of mathematics
studied by Gauss and others. Around this same time, Leonhard Euler, originally a student of Johann Bernoulli, provided many significant contributions not just
Differential_geometry
1738 book on fluid mechanics by Daniel Bernoulli
Euler's work on fluids was too abstract and did not describe the real world. A rivalry priority dispute started between Daniel and his father Johann Bernoulli
Hydrodynamica
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