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Space probe that can travel out of the Solar System
An interstellar probe is a space probe that has left—or is expected to leave—the Solar System and enter interstellar space, which is typically defined
Interstellar_probe
Proposed NASA space probe to travel 1000 AU from the Sun
Interstellar Probe (ISP) is a proposed NASA space probe designed to explore and characterize the heliosphere and interstellar space. The study was originally
Interstellar Probe (spacecraft)
Interstellar_Probe_(spacecraft)
Ongoing NASA interstellar program
Voyager program is an American scientific program that employs two interstellar probes, Voyager 1 and Voyager 2. They were launched in 1977 to take advantage
Voyager_program
Hypothetical space probe
Ronald N. Bracewell in 1960, a Bracewell probe is defined as a hypothetical autonomous interstellar space probe designed for communication with alien civilizations
Bracewell_probe
UCSB study of fleet of small laser light sail interstellar probes
California, Santa Barbara to develop a fleet of laser beam-propelled interstellar probes and sending them to a star neighboring the Solar System, potentially
Starlight (interstellar probe)
Starlight_(interstellar_probe)
Space exploration concept
Asteroid mining Astrochicken Bracewell probe Embryo space colonization Generation ship Interstellar ark Interstellar travel Self-replicating machine Sleeper
Self-replicating_spacecraft
1999 NASA space probe concept
Interstellar Probe is the name of a 1999 space probe concept by NASA intended to travel out 200 AU in 15 years. This 1999 study by Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Interstellar_Probe_(1999)
2009 project to update design of Project Daedalus
at designing a credible, mainly nuclear fusion-based, uncrewed interstellar space probe. Project Icarus was an initiative of members of the British Interplanetary
Project_Icarus_(interstellar)
Hypothetical travel between stars or planetary systems
uncrewed interstellar probe (1985). Project Longshot, uncrewed interstellar probe (1987–1988). Starseed/launcher, fleet of uncrewed interstellar probes (1996)
Interstellar_travel
Unmanned robotic spacecraft
asteroids, comets, the Sun, and interstellar space. Unlike artificial satellites, which usually remain in orbit around Earth, probes are sent beyond Earth orbit
Space_probe
Spacecraft designed for interstellar travel
Oahspe: A New Bible. While NASA's Voyager and Pioneer probes have traveled into local interstellar space, the purpose of these uncrewed craft was specifically
Starship
NASA heliophysics mission
The Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) is a heliophysics mission that simultaneously investigates two important and coupled science topics
Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe
Interstellar_Mapping_and_Acceleration_Probe
NASA space probe launched in 1977
is a space probe launched by NASA on September 5, 1977, as part of the Voyager program, to study the outer Solar System and the interstellar space beyond
Voyager_1
Topics referred to by the same term
medium Interstellar travel Interstellar communication Interstellar probe Interstellar Probe (spacecraft) (ISP), a NASA probe proposed in 2018 for launch
Interstellar
Proposed Chinese interstellar space probes
heliosphere science. The heliosphere and the interstellar medium have so far been explored by only three NASA probes: Voyager 1, Voyager 2, and New Horizons
Shensuo
Interstellar probe project
Initiatives program to develop a proof-of-concept fleet of light sail interstellar probes named Starchip, to be capable of making the journey to the Alpha
Breakthrough_Starshot
1970s proposal for an interstellar probe
Interplanetary Society to design a plausible uncrewed interstellar probe. Intended mainly as a scientific probe, the design criteria specified that the spacecraft
Project_Daedalus
Interstellar cloud in the Milky Way Galaxy
part of the Very Local Interstellar Medium which begins where the heliosphere and interplanetary medium end, the furthest that probes have traveled. The Solar
Local_Interstellar_Cloud
Communication between planetary systems
bandwidth. The possibility of using interstellar messenger probes for interstellar communication — known as Bracewell probes — was first suggested by Ronald
Interstellar_communication
Discrepancy of the lack of evidence for alien life despite its apparent likelihood
conjecture is a form of contraposition which states that because no interstellar probes have been detected, there likely is no other intelligent life in
Fermi_paradox
1985 proposal for microwave sail flyby of a nearby star
Starwisp is a hypothetical unmanned interstellar probe design proposed by the late Robert L. Forward. It is propelled by a microwave sail, similar to a
Starwisp
British nonprofit
challenges of interstellar travel. It pioneered concepts of small-scale laser sail interstellar probes (Project Dragonfly) and missions to interstellar objects
Initiative for Interstellar Studies
Initiative_for_Interstellar_Studies
NASA space probe launched in 1977
studying the interstellar medium. It is at a distance of 143.05 AU (21.4 billion km; 13.3 billion mi) from Earth as of February 2026[update]. The probe entered
Voyager_2
Feasibility study of a small laser-propelled interstellar probe
a laser-propelled interstellar probe, conducted by the Initiative for Interstellar Studies. Contrary to past unmanned interstellar mission studies such
Project Dragonfly (space study)
Project_Dragonfly_(space_study)
Saturn in 1981, Uranus in 1986, and Neptune in 1989. The probe left the heliosphere for interstellar space at 119 AU on November 5, 2018. Voyager 2 is still
List of artificial objects leaving the Solar System
List_of_artificial_objects_leaving_the_Solar_System
NASA proposed space probe to 1000 AU from the Sun
The project is a study of a proposed interstellar precursor mission that would probe the nearby interstellar medium and measure the properties of magnetic
Innovative Interstellar Explorer
Innovative_Interstellar_Explorer
Electrical generator that uses heat from radioactive decay
original (PDF) on 3 June 2013. "Innovative Interstellar Probe". JHU/APL. Retrieved 22 October 2010. "Interstellar Probe". NASA/JPL. 5 February 2002. Archived
Radioisotope thermoelectric generator
Radioisotope_thermoelectric_generator
Topic in futurism
"dead" probe would not pose an imminent threat to humanity, but would prove that interstellar flight is possible. However, if an active probe were to
Potential cultural impact of extraterrestrial contact
Potential_cultural_impact_of_extraterrestrial_contact
Canadian novelist
challenges of coordinating an ever-growing, decentralized intelligence across interstellar distances. In 2025 it was announced that the film adaptation rights for
Dennis_E._Taylor
NASA concept for uncrewed probe - possibly a light sail
NASA released a mission concept involving the launch, in 2069, of an interstellar probe to search for signs of life on planets orbiting stars in and around
2069_Alpha_Centauri_mission
Hypothetical war between combatants from different planetary systems
000 years, perhaps much longer. Freitas, Robert A. (March 1980). "Interstellar Probes: A New Approach to SETI". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society
Interstellar_war
Planetary system consisting of the Sun and objects orbiting it
13 December 2018. "Our Local Galactic Neighborhood". interstellar.jpl.nasa.gov. Interstellar Probe Project. NASA. 2000. Archived from the original on 21
Solar_System
Cancelled NASA space probe to travel 1000 AU from the Sun
TAU (Thousand Astronomical Units) was a proposed uncrewed interstellar probe that would go to a distance of one thousand astronomical units (1000 AU) from
TAU_(spacecraft)
Spacecraft design
Project Longshot was a conceptual interstellar spacecraft design. It would have been an uncrewed starship (about 400 tonnes), intended to fly to and enter
Project_Longshot
Matter and radiation in the space between the star systems in a galaxy
The interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy. This matter includes gas in ionic
Interstellar_medium
Region of space dominated by the Sun
Historic Journey Into Interstellar Space". NASA. 12 September 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2016. "NASA's Voyager 2 Probe Enters Interstellar Space". NASA Jet Propulsion
Heliosphere
section future missions. Launched probes are in the List of Solar System probes and the List of active Solar System probes. The following missions were suspended
List of proposed Solar System probes
List_of_proposed_Solar_System_probes
American sci-fi television series
insufficient nuclear bombs for use as propulsion, the maximum payload of the interstellar probe will only be enough to hold a human brain. Auggie makes her nanofiber
3_Body_Problem_(TV_series)
Idea that any intelligent life is destroyed by aliens
Berserker hypothesis, an absence of such probes is not evidence of life's absence, since interstellar probes could "go berserk" and destroy other civilizations
Berserker_hypothesis
NASA spacecraft (2006–present)
New Horizons probe?". Space.com. Retrieved August 2, 2022. Talbert, Tricia (July 10, 2020). "New Horizons Conducts the First Interstellar Parallax Experiment"
New_Horizons
NASA probe of the Sun's outer corona
The Parker Solar Probe (PSP; previously Solar Probe, Solar Probe Plus or Solar Probe+) is a NASA space probe launched in 2018 to make observations of
Parker_Solar_Probe
Vehicle or machine designed to fly in space
space probes. Robotic spacecraft that remain in orbit around a planetary body are artificial satellites. To date, only a handful of interstellar probes, such
Spacecraft
Effort to find civilizations not from Earth
with the interstellar medium; other interstellar spacecraft designs may be detectable at more modest distances. In addition, robotic probes within the
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
Search_for_extraterrestrial_intelligence
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
"Laser-Powered Interstellar Probe". APS Bulletin. 36 (5): 1687–1688. Landis, Geoffrey A. (1994). "Laser-powered Interstellar Probe". GeoffreyLandis
Ion_thruster
Ringed dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt
sequence of four images of Quaoar from a distance of about 14 AU. Interstellar Probe, a concept by Pontus Brandt and his colleagues at Johns Hopkins Applied
Quaoar
Brandt, Pontus; Kinnison, Jim. "Interstellar Probe: Humanity's Journey to Interstellar Space" (PDF). Interstellar Probe. Johns Hopkins Applied Physics
List of proposed missions to the outer planets
List_of_proposed_missions_to_the_outer_planets
a list of active space probes which have escaped Earth orbit. It includes lunar space probes, but does not include space probes orbiting at the Sun–Earth
List of active Solar System probes
List_of_active_Solar_System_probes
Hypothetical form of archaeology of remnants of alien civilizations
Robert Freitas, Christopher Rose and Gregory Wright have argued that interstellar probes can be a more energy-efficient means of communication than electromagnetic
Xenoarchaeology
Cancelled project of a space probe to reach 10,000 AU from the Sun
phase (roughly 1/300th of the speed of light). The probe would be able to study the interstellar medium as well as reach Alpha Centauri. The project
AIMStar
extraterrestrial orbiters Interstellar probe List of artificial objects leaving the Solar System List of proposed Solar System probes Kuiper belt (approx.
List of missions to the outer planets
List_of_missions_to_the_outer_planets
Device able to make copies of itself
Texas: Landes Bioscience. ISBN 978-1-57059-690-2. "3.11 Freitas Interstellar Probe Replicator (1979-1980)". Molecularassembler.com. 2005-08-01. Retrieved
Self-replicating_machine
Interstellar cloud located next to the Local Interstellar Cloud
Local Interstellar Cloud: An Overview". ThoughtCo.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link) "Our Local Galactic Neighborhood". Interstellar Probe Project
G-Cloud
Proposed spacecraft propulsion method
method of spacecraft propulsion for interstellar travel. A fast moving spacecraft scoops up hydrogen from the interstellar medium using an enormous funnel-shaped
Bussard_ramjet
First NASA mission to orbit Jupiter (1989–2003)
Galileo was an American robotic space probe that studied the planet Jupiter and its moons, as well as the asteroids Gaspra and Ida. Named after the Italian
Galileo_(spacecraft)
American gospel blues musician (1897–1945)
was included in the golden phonograph records aboard the Voyager interstellar probes launched in 1977 by NASA. Other recordings by Johnson include "Jesus
Blind_Willie_Johnson
NASA federally funded research and development center
Liewer, P. (August 22, 2000). "An interstellar probe mission to the boundaries of the heliosphere and nearby interstellar space". Space 2000 Conference and
Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory
Two phonograph records on board Voyager spacecraft
" The Voyager 1 probe is currently the farthest human-made object from Earth. Both Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 have reached interstellar space, the region
Voyager_Golden_Record
Spacecraft without people on board
Moon two years later. The first interstellar probe was Voyager 1, launched 5 September 1977. It entered interstellar space on 25 August 2012, followed
Uncrewed_spacecraft
NASA sample-return mission to Comet 81P/Wild 2 (1999–2011)
captured by the Stardust probe. Glycine has been detected in meteorites before and there are also observations in interstellar gas clouds, but the Stardust
Stardust_(spacecraft)
Interstellar object that passed near Earth in 2017
1I/ʻOumuamua is the first confirmed interstellar object detected passing through the Solar System. Formally designated 1I/2017 U1, it was discovered by
1I/ʻOumuamua
NASA orbiter mission concept to study the Neptune system
Space Administration's Interstellar Express, a trio of probes designed to explore the heliosphere, would have its second probe (IHP-2) explore Neptune
Neptune_Odyssey
Conceptual space vehicle for interstellar travel
time spans involved in interstellar travel through the desert of space. The longest-lived space probes are the Voyager program probes, which use radioisotope
Interstellar_ark
Solar system objects beyond Neptune
Wild 'Interstellar Probe' Mission Idea Is Gaining Momentum". Space.com. Retrieved 22 April 2025. Bradnt, P.C.; et al. "The Interstellar Probe Mission
Trans-Neptunian_object
Space propulsion method using Sun radiation
Options for the Interstellar Probe: Mathematical Theory and Numerical Results", the Chapter IV of NASA/CR-2002-211730, The Interstellar Probe (ISP): Pre-Perihelion
Solar_sail
First spacecraft to land on Titan
Huygens (/ˈhɔɪɡənz/ HOY-gənz) was an atmospheric entry robotic space probe that landed successfully on Saturn's moon Titan in 2005. Built and operated
Huygens_(spacecraft)
Star in the constellation Eridanus
Eridani have also made it the subject of multiple studies on whether an interstellar probe can be sent to Epsilon Eridani. The orbital radius at which the stellar
Epsilon_Eridani
Concept for a crewed interstellar spacecraft
assembled in Earth orbit as part of a larger project preceded by interstellar probes and telescopic observation of target star systems. The rest of the
Enzmann_starship
Void between celestial bodies
galaxy. Interstellar space contains an interstellar medium of sparse matter and radiation. The boundary between an astrosphere and interstellar space is
Outer_space
Classical Kuiper belt object
for future missions to the Kuiper belt and beyond, such as NASA's Interstellar Probe concept. A 2019 study by Amanda Zangari and collaborators identified
307261_Máni
2002 The interstellar probe Nomad is launched. 2004 The past events of "Carpenter Street" (ENT). 2009 The first successful Earth-Saturn probe takes place
Timeline_of_Star_Trek
Mass per unit volume
Factbook". hypertextbook.com. "Our Local Galactic Neighborhood". Interstellar Probe Project. NASA. 2000. Archived from the original on November 21, 2013
Density
Device claimed to be a propellantless spacecraft thruster
"Second generation EmDrive propulsion applied to SSTO launcher and interstellar probe" (PDF). Acta Astronautica. 116: 166–174. doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2015
EmDrive
Propulsion system creating motion without propellant
used it to develop improved thrusters and the conceptual SSI Lambda interstellar probe. The same report described the device as an electricity-powered propulsion
Reactionless_drive
American space and aeronautics agency
agreement which entailed that a magnetometer ion the Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe would be designed by Imperial College London. The United
NASA
Conceptual interstellar ship
space for cargo, crew and equipment. Breakthrough Starshot Interstellar probe Interstellar travel Project Icarus Project Longshot Quantum vacuum plasma
IXS_Enterprise
enhanced energetic neutral atom (ENA) emissions discovered by NASA’s Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission in 2009. The ribbon is a significant
IBEX_ribbon
Form of beam-powered propulsion
The laser-pushed sail is proposed as a method of propelling a small interstellar probe by the Breakthrough Starshot project. Another method of moving a much
Laser_propulsion
Rockets using antimatter as their power source
Study of Matter-Antimatter Annihilation as Source of Energy to Power Interstellar Probe. UTA Physics Colloquium - Spring Semester 2024. The University of
Antimatter propulsion spacecraft
Antimatter_propulsion_spacecraft
Theorem in electromagnetic theory of antennas
impulse for an interstellar probe (an application of beam-powered propulsion), can be found in Robert Forward's paper "Roundtrip Interstellar Travel Using
Thinned-array_curse
Jupiter, the dwarf planet Quaoar, and its moon Weywot, before heading into interstellar space. IHP-1 is set to launch with IHP-2 and the proposed IHP-3. IHP-1
Exploration_of_dwarf_planets
Topics referred to by the same term
Dragonfly (space study), a conceptual design study for a laser-propelled interstellar probe DragonFly BSD, an operating system Opera Dragonfly, a web developer
Dragonfly_(disambiguation)
2001 novel by Robert Charles Wilson
research. At the end of the story he and Kaitlin watch the launch of an interstellar probe that seems to be based on this research. "2002 Award Winners & Nominees"
The_Chronoliths
Fifth planet from the Sun
system and possibly Callisto around 2035, and CNSA's Interstellar Express and NASA's Interstellar Probe, which would both use Jupiter's gravity to help them
Jupiter
Science-based program founded in 2015
nano crafts. Communication with extraterrestrial intelligence Interstellar probe Interstellar travel IXS Enterprise Nexus for Exoplanet System Science Ohio
Breakthrough_Initiatives
Idea that humanity is the first intelligent life
the Hart–Tipler conjecture (the idea that the lack of evidence for interstellar probes is evidence that no intelligent life other than humanity exists in
Firstborn_hypothesis
Helium isotope with two protons and one neutron
The British Interplanetary Society's hypothetical Project Daedalus interstellar probe design was fueled by helium-3 mines in the atmosphere of Jupiter,
Helium-3
Ice that forms in the interstellar medium
Interstellar ice consists of grains of volatiles in the ice phase that form in the interstellar medium. Ice and dust grains form the primary material
Interstellar_ice
Reusable robotic spaceplane used by US military since 2010
"Second generation EmDrive propulsion applied to SSTO launcher and interstellar probe" (PDF). Acta Astronautica. 116. IAA/Elsevier: 166–174. doi:10.1016/j
Boeing_X-37
Scientific workgroup at Technical University of Munich
development of a laser propelled interstellar probe for the Project Dragonfly Design Competition, held by the Initiative for Interstellar Studies (I4IS). The WARR
Scientific Workgroup for Rocketry and Spaceflight
Scientific_Workgroup_for_Rocketry_and_Spaceflight
Property that provides scientific evidence for the presence of technology
strategies to detecting local ET probes such as detecting emitted optical messages. He also finds that due to interstellar networks of communications nodes
Technosignature
American physicist (1941–2025)
used it to develop improved thrusters and the conceptual SSI Lambda interstellar probe. The same report described the device as an electricity-powered propulsion
James_Woodward_(physicist)
Dust floating in space
further distinguished by its astronomical location: intergalactic dust, interstellar dust, interplanetary dust (as in the zodiacal cloud), and circumplanetary
Cosmic_dust
Area of the Solar System beyond the planets, comprising small bodies
Quaoar has been considered as a flyby target for a probe tasked with exploring the interstellar medium, as it currently lies near the heliospheric nose;
Kuiper_belt
Calendar year
Interstellar space, and to an extent, becoming the first Interstellar probe, pioneering Interstellar exploration. August 31 – Armenia severs diplomatic relations
2012
Topics referred to by the same term
crossover SUV Wuling Starlight 730, a mid-size minivan Starlight (interstellar probe) STARlight, a physics computer program Starlight (clipper) Starlight
Starlight_(disambiguation)
Cavity of hot gas blown from a star
relatively dense shell around the hot, shocked wind. The proposed Shensuo interstellar probes of the China National Space Administration aim to investigate the
Stellar-wind_bubble
Study of molecules in the Universe and their reactions
The term may refer to studies within both the Solar System and the interstellar medium. The investigation of elemental abundances and isotope ratios
Astrochemistry
American physicist and writer (1932–2002)
while working for Hughes Aircraft. Starwisp, an ultralightweight interstellar probe proposed by Forward in 1985 "Left to Right", a short story by Isaac
Robert_L._Forward
Search for extraterrestrial intelligence
new telescopes to systematically look for artifacts in Earth's orbit, interstellar objects, and unexplained craft, sometimes called "anomalous aerial vehicles"
The_Galileo_Project
Science fiction concept
the atmospheres of Jupiter refining helium-3 to produce fuel for an interstellar probe. Michael McCollum notes that the "surface" gravity of Saturn (that
Floating cities and islands in fiction
Floating_cities_and_islands_in_fiction
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
INTERSTELLAR PROBE
n.
See Porbeagle.
a.
Between or among constellations or stars; interstellar.
v. t.
A grooved director for a probe or knife.
v. t.
To examine or explore by feeling with an instrument; to probe; as, to search a wound.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Probe
n.
An instrument for examining wounds and fistulas, and for passing setons, and the like; a probe, -- called also specillum.
a.
Interstellar.
n.
An instrument for examining the depth or other circumstances of a wound, ulcer, or cavity, or the direction of a sinus, of for exploring for bullets, for stones in the bladder, etc.
n.
A probe for searching a wound.
a.
Having a blunt or button-shaped extremity; -- said of cutting instruments.
v. t.
Fig.: To ascertain, or try to ascertain, the thoughts, motives, and purposes of (a person); to examine; to try; to test; to probe.
a.
Between or among the stars; as, interstellar space.
v. t.
To examine, as a wound, an ulcer, or some cavity of the body, with a probe.
v. t.
To probe or to search with a tent; to keep open with a tent; as, to tent a wound. Used also figuratively.
imp. & p. p.
of Probe
v. t.
To put (something into a place); to insert; as, to introduce the finger, or a probe.
v. t.
Fig.: to search to the bottom; to scrutinize or examine thoroughly.
n.
The novitiate which a person must pass in a convent, to probe his or her virtue and ability to bear the severities of the rule.
n.
Any elongated instrument or probe, usually metallic, by which cavities of the body are sounded or explored, especially the bladder for stone, or the urethra for a stricture.