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Ancient Anatolian symbol
The Hittite Sun Disk or Hittite Sun Course is an ancient Anatolian symbol dating back to the 20th century BC. The disks can be divided into four distinct
Hittite_sun_disk
Memorial in Sıhhiye Square, Ankara, Turkey
The Hittite Sun Disc Monument (Turkish: Hitit Güneş Kursu Anıtı) is a memorial dedicated to Hittites created by sculptor Nusret Suman and placed in Sıhhiye
Hittite_Sun_Course_Monument
Turkish food company
Firuz Kanatlı. The company uses the Hittite sun disk as their logo. The name "Eti" is also a synonym for Hittite in Turkish. In 2003, Kanatlı started
Eti_(company)
frequent changes in bottle design and emblem, using symbols such as the Hittite Sun Disk, the Grey Wolf recognized as a national symbol among Turks, and the
Ankara_(whisky)
Turkish sports club
football motif. During the late 1960s a new roundel added the 19-ray Hittite Sun disk—an emblem of Ankara—above a central football, a design that remained
Gençlerbirliği_S.K.
Proto-Indo-European Sun and Moon deities
("Godes candel"). In a Hittite prayer, the Sun-goddess of Arinna is also called "the land of Hatti's torch." Both the Vedic sun god Savitr and the Greek
*Seh₂ul_and_*Meh₁not
Ancient Hittite site in northern Turkey
spelled as Alacahüyük, Euyuk, or Evuk) is the site of a Neolithic and Hittite settlement and is an important archaeological site. It is situated near
Alaca_Höyük
Egyptian god of the desert, storms, violence, and foreigners
or Suty. Sutekh appears, in fact, as a god of Hittites in the treaty declarations between the Hittite kings and Ramesses II after the battle of Qadesh
Set_(deity)
Alleged deciphering of unknown symbols on the Phaistos Disc
great [man] in Ahhiyawa." Vladimir Georgiev (1976) (interpretation as Hittite language, syllabic writing); side A first; reading outwards; Albert Cuny
Phaistos Disc decipherment claims
Phaistos_Disc_decipherment_claims
Sky deity who represents the Sun
Egypt, the Sun was worshiped as the deity Ra (meaning simply 'the sun'), and portrayed as a falcon-headed god surmounted by the solar disk, and surrounded
Solar_deity
it was thought that the moon descended beneath the flat disk of the earth and, like the sun, underwent a voyage through the underworld. The cosmic voyage
Ancient Near Eastern cosmology
Ancient_Near_Eastern_cosmology
Carriage using animals to provide rapid motive power
certain attestation of chariots in the Hittite empire dates to the late 17th century BC (Hattusili I). A Hittite horse-training text is attributed to Kikkuli
Chariot
Flag-like object that represents an entity
most probably consisted of a spear with a disk and crescent (points upwards), symbolising the god Baal (sun = disk) and the goddess Tanit (moon = crescent)
Vexilloid
Hurrian weather god and king of the gods
Aleppo and Ḫepat appear directly after the main triad of Hittite deities (the weather god, the sun goddess and a tutelary deity, logographically dLAMMA)
Teshub
1358–1336 BC period of the Egyptian 18th Dynasty
land grows bright once you have appeared in the Akhet, shining in the sun disk by day. When you dispel darkness and give your rays, the Two Lands are
Amarna_Period
Millennium between 2000 BC and 1001 BC
emerges with Mycenaean Greek dominance of the Aegean and the rise of the Hittite Empire. The end of the millennium sees the Bronze Age collapse and the
2nd_millennium_BC
Municipality in Turkey
during the Bronze Age, with the emergence of the Hittite Empire between 1650 and 1200 BCE. Hattusa, the Hittite capital, was located in the region owing to
Çorum
Ancient Semitic deity in the Levant
the daughter of the Pharaoh: Moabite, Ammonite, Edomite, Sidonian, and Hittite women. ... For Solomon followed Astarte the goddess of the Sidonians, and
Yahweh
Deity that represents the Moon
agriculture, navigation, and ritual timing. Kašku was the male moon god in Hittite mythology. He is described as a celestial deity who controls the moon's
Lunar_deity
Ancient Assyrian national deity
SANGA/šangû into the royal repertoire, which may have been the product of a Hittite influence. The practice for the king’s reign to be referred with "during
Ashur_(god)
Eighteenth Dynasty Egyptian pharaoh
himself adopted the royal epithet "Aten-Tjehen", which means "the Dazzling Sun Disk", in his 30th Regnal Year, showing his increased interest in the Aten god
Akhenaten
1954 film by Michael Curtiz
ankh but a solar disk emitting rays, though the rays usually ended with a hand holding out an ankh to the worshipers. The sun-disk is seen only twice;
The_Egyptian_(film)
Ancient Mesopotamian goddess
and male deity in Hurro-Hittite sources. Šauška Her name was frequently written with the logogram dIŠTAR in Hurrian and Hittite sources, while Mesopotamian
Inanna
Wife of the Egyptian pharaoh Ramesses II
prominence at court is further supported by cuneiform tablets from the Hittite city of Hattusas (today Boghazkoy, Turkey), containing Nefertari's correspondence
Nefertari
form the universe out of primordial chaos; the stories of the reign of the sun god Ra upon the earth; and the Osiris myth, concerning the struggles of the
Egyptian_mythology
Bronze Age archaeological culture in Central Europe
ingot torcs, flat axes, flat triangular daggers, bracelets with spiral ends, disk- and paddle-headed pins, and curl rings, which are distributed over a wide
Únětice_culture
Chalcolithic European archaeological culture
Germanic peoples. 'Allunda Moose' ceremonial axe, Sweden, c. 2500 BC Amber 'sun discs'. Deocrated pottery and axes from Estonia A genetic study published
Battle_Axe_culture
Symbol
the star with Ishtar (Inanna, i.e. Venus), often placed alongside the sun disk of Shamash. In Late Bronze Age Canaan, star and crescent moon motifs are
Star_and_crescent
Belief system adopted in the ancient state of Urartu
discovered so far. Urartian religious practices were similar to Assyrian and Hittite ones. This circumstance makes it easier for researchers to understand some
Urartian_religion
c. 1300–750 BC archaeological culture of Central Europe
development of the sun-bird-ship motif of the Urnfield Culture. The origin of this motif, which featured bird-headed ships embellished with solar disks, is not known
Urnfield_culture
People of the ancient Near East
(short chronology). The Kassites gained control of Babylonia after the Hittite sack of Babylon in 1531 BC, and established a dynasty generally assumed
Kassites
City in Aleppo Governorate, Syria
became a key city of the Amorite state, who referred to it as Ḥalab. The Hittites, a contemporary Anatolian Empire within the region, referred to the city
Aleppo
Land'. However, since the Greek name Asia is in all likelihood related to Hittite Assuwa, the etymology of one has to account for the other as well. It is
List of continent name etymologies
List_of_continent_name_etymologies
European archaeological culture, 2800–1800 BC
(August 2011). "Provenance of the gold of the Early Bronze Age Nebra Sky Disk, central Germany: Geochemical characterization of natural gold from Cornwall"
Bell_Beaker_culture
Babylonian kings
Akhenaten. The latter were found at Boğazköy, on the site of the ancient Hittite capital, Hattusa. The type of textual source concerning the administrative
Kassite_dynasty
State in Mesopotamia (c. 2334–2154 BC)
Naram-Suen", now in the Louvre. Hittite sources claim Naram-Sin of Akkad even ventured into Anatolia, battling the Hittite and Hurrian kings Pamba of Hatti
Akkadian_Empire
Ninth Pharaoh of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt
palace was known as the Tjehen-Aten or "the City of the dazzling Aten" or Sun Disk under Amenhotep III. Built mostly out of mud-brick, it was Amenhotep's
Amenhotep_III
Village in Syria
Tuba, beloved of Istar, seal of .... s". The seal iconography is "Winged sun disk hovering over a Syrian prince with tall oval headdress and draped garment
Umm_el-Marra
Rediscovery of a language or script's meaning
Examples include the Archanes script and the Archanes formula, Phaistos disk, Cretan hieroglyphs, and Cypro-Minoan syllabary. When this situation occurs
Decipherment
Akhenaten abolished the official worship of other gods in favor of the sun-disk Aten. This is often seen as the first instance of true monotheism in history
Ancient_Egyptian_religion
Proto-Indo-European dawn goddess
in Belarusian folk songs, the Sun is called Sonca and referred to as a 'mother'. This reflex may also exist with Hittite verbs uhhi, uskizzi and aus-zi
*H₂éwsōs
Mesopotamian language, Akkadian, and from that to others such as Hurrian, and Hittite. Scripts similar in appearance to this writing system include those for
History_of_communication
Ancient Mesopotamian civilization from 3300 to 1900 BC
the term šumerû is uncertain. Hebrew שִׁנְעָר Šinʿar, Egyptian Sngr, and Hittite Šanhar(a), all referring to southern Mesopotamia, could potentailly be
Sumer
Middle Eastern goddess, worshipped from the Bronze Age through classical antiquity
and she appears to have been popular enough in northern Syria and the Hittite Empire that she was worshipped in Hatti, where her name was written as
Astarte
Dynasty of Egypt from c. 1550 to 1292 BCE
he named Akhetaten. During the reign of Akhenaten, the Aten (jtn, the sun disk) became, first, the most prominent deity, and eventually came to be considered
Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt
Similarly the Sumerian moon god Nanna became the Akkadian Sîn while the Sumerian sun god Utu became the Akkadian Shamash. One of the most notable goddesses was
Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion
Body of myths originating in ancient Greece
was viewed as a flat disk afloat on the river of Oceanus and overlooked by a hemispherical sky with sun, moon, and stars. The Sun (Helios) traversed the
Greek_mythology
Major deity in the Phoenician and Punic pantheons
shaking from his head of the waters of his bath in the eastern Ocean. His Sun-disk is praised as the cause of growth in plants. Then, in a climactic burst
Melqart
Archaeological period in Northern Europe
Cultural connections with the Hittites have also been suggested. These include a sign or symbol akin to the Hittite hieroglyph meaning 'divine' found
Nordic_Bronze_Age
In Greek mythology Apollo was often represented encircled by a radiant disk, illustrating the symbolic link between light, aesthetics, and intellectual
Light_in_painting
Tutelary goddess of Byblos
holding an Egyptian scepter and wearing a horned crown decorated with the sun disk. Greek authors seemingly regarded Baalat Gebal as analogous to Aphrodite
Baalat_Gebal
European Bronze Age culture
lunulae from Belarus. Middle Dnieper culture Amber disks and beads from Denmark Amber disc with sun cross symbol (illustration) Rings made from copper
Corded_Ware_culture
through the absorption of the technological principles obtained from the Hittites about 1200 BC, finally arriving in Northern Europe by 500 BC. During the
Prehistoric_Europe
Sounds and pronunciation of Catalan
Gujarati Hawaiian Hebrew Modern Biblical Tiberian Samaritan Hindustani Hittite Hungarian Icelandic Ingrian Inuit Greenlandic Irish Italian Japanese Kiowa
Catalan_phonology
gold can be purified through a process called refining, and due to the Hittite derivation of the Greek word, it is believed that the ancient peoples of
Medieval_jewelry
Ancient Indo-European people from Paeonia
Phrygians, Western and Eastern Mushki). They worshipped the Sun in the form of a small round disk fixed on the top of a pole. They adopted the cult of Dionysus
Paeonians
Aten himself. Since the sun disk was worshiped as the ultimate life-giving power in this new theology, anything the sun's rays touched was blessed by
Art_of_ancient_Egypt
Hellenistic-era Greek state in Egypt (305–30 BC)
usually had either a small throne as her headdress or the more traditional sun disk between two horns. Reflecting Greek preferences, the traditional table
Ptolemaic_Kingdom
Use of ancient Eurasian religious symbol
Indo-Iranian cultures. Later discoveries of the motif among the remains of the Hittites and of ancient Iran seemed to confirm this theory, but the symbol was also
Western use of the swastika in the early 20th century
Western_use_of_the_swastika_in_the_early_20th_century
valley. Excavations of Chu tombs have found painted wooden sculptures, jade disks, glass beads, musical instruments, and an assortment of lacquerware. Many
Chinese_art
Literature written in the Egyptian language
tombs of Amarna, including the tomb of Ay—was written to the Aten, the sun-disk deity given exclusive patronage during his reign. Simpson compares this
Ancient_Egyptian_literature
5th–1st BC Nort Arabian kingdom in Western Saudi Arabia
through iconography, featuring motifs like the Udjat eye and the winged sun-disk. Similarly, al-Ḥamrāʾ cube, found in the same context, also displays strong
Lihyan
(397–439), one of the earliest caves. The crossed ankle figure with a three-disk crown shows influence from Kushan art. Mogao Caves The Afrasiab paintings
Central_Asian_art
Study of language comparison using quantitative methods
morphological and phonological features (extended in 1939 by the inclusion of Hittite). Ross in 1950 carried out an investigation into the theoretical basis
Quantitative comparative linguistics
Quantitative_comparative_linguistics
ending), bænk, bøg, bør, båd, bås, dag, dal, damp, dans, degn, dej, del, dirk, disk (also -s in the computer sense), dolk, dorg, dorn, dreng, duft, dug, duks
Danish_grammar
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