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Electronic equipment for finding radio sources
High-frequency direction finding, usually known by its abbreviation HF/DF or nickname huff-duff, is a type of radio direction finder (RDF) introduced
High-frequency direction finding
High-frequency_direction_finding
Measurement of the direction from which a received signal was transmitted
Direction finding (DF), radio direction finding (RDF), or radiogoniometry is the use of radio waves to determine the direction to a radio source. The source
Direction_finding
American scientist (1908–1980)
deployment of high-frequency direction finding by the United States Navy during the Second World War. High-frequency direction finding (known as huff-duff
Maxwell_K._Goldstein
3–30 MHz range of the electromagnetic spectrum
connecting the HF transceiver. High-frequency Active Auroral Research Program High-frequency direction finding High Frequency Internet Protocol Radio propagation
High_frequency
Polish electronic engineer (1904–1980)
enabled effective high frequency (HF) radio direction finding systems to be installed on Royal Navy convoy escort ships. Such direction finding systems were
Wacław_Struszyński
Place in Nunavut, Canada
Frobisher Bay, also known as NRS Frobisher Bay, was a military high-frequency direction-finding station located on Baffin Island at what is now Iqaluit, Nunavut
CFS_Frobisher_Bay
Method of radio direction finding
Watson-Watt introduced the next major advance in direction finding, the high-frequency direction finding system, or HF/DF, also nicknamed "huff-duff". HF/DF
Doppler radio direction finding
Doppler_radio_direction_finding
British signals intelligence collection sites during WW1 and WW2
outside Delhi. Specially constructed Y stations undertook high-frequency direction finding (D/F) of wireless transmissions. This became particularly important
Y_service
Intelligence-gathering by interception of signals
was not always able to read the U-boat Enigma traffic. But high-frequency direction finding ("huff-duff") was still able to detect U-boats by analysis
Signals_intelligence
2020 American war film by Aaron Schneider
for more than two years. Three days into the "Black Pit", high-frequency direction finding intercepts a German transmission and Greyhound detects a U-boat
Greyhound_(film)
World War II around1941 with SIGINT activities beginning 1959. High-frequency direction finding and wireless interception operations supporting allied efforts
RCAF_Station_Flin_Flon
Expendable sonar system dropped/ejected from aircraft or ships
Sonar was installed on a number of ships along with radar and high-frequency direction finding ("Huff-Duff") to detect surfaced submarines. While sonar was
Sonobuoy
Scottish physicist who pioneered radio direction-finding and radar (1892–1973)
This led to the 1920s development of a system later known as high-frequency direction finding (HFDF or "huff-duff"). Although well publicized, the system's
Robert_Watson-Watt
British radio navigation system
send out a 1 kHz tone which was picked up by ground-based high-frequency direction finding (HFDF, "huff-duff") receivers. Using three HFDF measurements
Pip-squeak
British physicist (1892–1965)
pre-war research into the ionosphere also found a role in high-frequency direction finding. Appleton's home in Putney was damaged in the Blitz in September
Edward_Victor_Appleton
German World War II submarine
began searching for U-boats in the area in late May, using high-frequency direction-finding fixes ("huff-duff") and air and surface reconnaissance. At
German_submarine_U-505
about 90 (2011 Census) The community was also a site used for High Frequency Direction Finding experiments by the Royal Canadian Navy. The Navy installation
Ramsayville,_Ontario
United States Coast Guard cutter
2010-12-10. Retrieved 2010-11-16. Redgment, P. G. (1995). "High-Frequency Direction Finding in the Royal Navy: Development of Anti-U-Boat Equipment, 1941–5"
USCGC_Campbell_(WPG-32)
intelligence (ELINT) High-frequency direction finding (nicknamed huff-duff) is the common name for a type of radio direction finding employed especially
List of established military terms
List_of_established_military_terms
World War II groups of anti-submarine warships
World War II. The advances in signals intelligence such as high-frequency direction finding (Huff−Duff), in cryptological intelligence such as Ultra, and
Hunter-killer_Group
Type of amateur racing sport
direction finding (ARDF, also known as radio orienteering, radio fox hunting and radiosport) is an amateur racing sport that combines radio direction
Amateur radio direction finding
Amateur_radio_direction_finding
German submarine
shipping, improved convoy and anti-submarine tactics such as high-frequency direction finding and the Hedgehog anti-submarine system began to take a toll
U-boat
North Pacific Atoll of the United States Minor Outlying Islands
Midway Island, which was responsible for operating the AN/GRD-6 High-Frequency Direction Finding (HFDF) system. This system was integral to both the Eastern
Midway_Atoll
Royal Air Force station in the Atlantic Ocean
Station in Florida. In 1939 Ascension became important as a high-frequency direction finding radio station covering trade routes. Wideawake Airfield (named
RAF_Ascension_Island
and Ruhr area Maxwell K. Goldstein Helped develop and deploy High-frequency direction finding during World War II James Edward Henry Gordon (J.E.H. Gordon)
List_of_electrical_engineers
Female Canadian navy veteran
Moncton, New Brunswick and was part of the Canada-USA Atlantic High Frequency Direction Finding Network responsible for the collection of military intelligence
Doreen_Patterson_Reitsma
Canadian Forces base in Newfoundland and Labrador
communications station at RCAF Station Gander, Its main task was high-frequency direction finding (HFDF) and communications monitoring of German U-boat radio
CFB_Gander
Unincorporated community in Canada
which helped to fix the positions of German U-boats using high-frequency direction finding. This site, along with Portage la Prairie increased the "fix"
Rivers,_Manitoba
the Regia Marina. Operational from 1942 to 1943. H.F. D/F (High Frequency Direction Finding). – provided a radio position fix for the RAF up to 100 miles
List of World War II electronic warfare equipment
List_of_World_War_II_electronic_warfare_equipment
Type of radio direction finder
could be used to determine the direction of the transmission almost instantly. In the UK, the high-frequency direction finding (HFDF or "huff-duff") system
Bellini–Tosi_direction_finder
City in Washington, United States
government through the duration of the war for fear of espionage. A High-frequency direction finding (HFDF) station was established here by the Navy during the
Bainbridge_Island,_Washington
Place in British Columbia, Canada
became active on 23 February 1943. NRS Masset was used as a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) intercept station and a relay station for ship-to-shore
CFS_Masset
Algorithm used for frequency estimation and radio direction finding
(MUltiple SIgnal Classification) is an algorithm used for frequency estimation and radio direction finding. In many practical signal processing problems, the
MUSIC_(algorithm)
Town in Manitoba, Canada
station by the Royal Canadian Navy in support of the U-boat high-frequency direction finding (HFDF) net and became operational on 1 August 1943. Around
Churchill,_Manitoba
German grand admiral (1891–1980)
Furthermore, replies from the boats enabled the Allies to use High-frequency direction finding (HF/DF, called "Huff-Duff") to locate a U-boat using its radio
Karl_Dönitz
Soviet radar detector
system using multilateration developed in the Czech Republic High-frequency direction finding - a similar system used by the English during world war 2 to
Kolchuga_passive_sensor
Former RAF station in Angus, Scotland
reopened in 1960, forming part of the United States Navy global High Frequency Direction Finding (HFDF) network, used to track various targets around the world
RAF_Edzell
Municipal airport serving Crescent City, California, United States
Alameda. and a naval radio station at Point Saint George. High-frequency direction finding (HFDF) was used for radio intercept. These sites along the
Del_Norte_County_Airport
Decryption of World War II cipher
transmissions, thereby reducing the risk of being located by high-frequency direction finding techniques. The messages were only 22 characters long and were
Cryptanalysis_of_the_Enigma
Village in Bedfordshire, England
nearly 1,500 feet in diameter, the antenna was designed for high-frequency direction-finding during the Cold War. RAF and Forces sources describe it as
Chicksands
Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War
Convoy rescue ship bound for Halifax. Carrying equipment for High-frequency direction finding Carras (1918) Greece 5,234 Bound for Father Point, Quebec
Convoy_ON_92
Area outside airplane range in World War II
then, VLRs proved invaluable in co-operation with ship-borne high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF). Defending Convoy SC 104, VLRs guided by HF/DF drove
Mid-Atlantic_gap
Canadian Forces Station in Ottawa, Ontario
Wullenweber AN/FRD-10 circularly disposed antenna array for High-frequency direction finding CFS Leitrim Detachment Masset, British Columbia (formerly CFS
CFS_Leitrim
United States circularly disposed HF antenna array
array, built at eight locations during the Cold War for HF/DF direction finding of high priority targets. The worldwide network, known collectively as
AN/FLR-9
British coastal liner, armed boarding steamer and convoy rescue ship
as a convoy rescue ship, for which her equipment included high-frequency direction finding. In the Battle of the Atlantic she sailed in more than 60 convoys
HMS_Perth
American cryptanalyst (1912–1995)
of its wiring. In addition, the Americans saw the British high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) system, which allowed the location of radio broadcasts
Prescott_Currier
aircraft, as well as technical advances like radar and sonar. High Frequency Direction Finding (HF/DF, known as Huff-Duff) and Ultra allowed the Allies to
History_of_submarines
Weapon to be used in anti-submarine warfare
methods that are less susceptible to intercept. In World War II, high frequency direction finding (HF/DF or "Huff-duff) was used by Allied escort vessels to
Anti-submarine_weapon
Electrical switch used to transmit text messages in Morse code
Communications and U.S. Navy Communications Intelligence (Intercept and High Frequency Direction Finding) – TINA and RFP". Technical Intelligence From Allied Communications
Telegraph_key
Town in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada
established a High Frequency Direction Finding wireless station on the airfield. Consisting of an Operations Building and a Direction Finding shack, the
Harbour_Grace
French battleship
in addition to other equipment, including an FV1 jammer and high-frequency direction finding gear. On 23 January 1945, Richelieu left Casablanca for Gibraltar
French_battleship_Richelieu
Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War
The small number of escorts suffered failures of radar and high-frequency direction finding (Huff-Duff) sets that inhibited their effectiveness and despite
Convoy_TM_1
WWII UK air defence network
were flying at high altitude. To address the problem of identification, Dowding pressed for a supply of high-frequency direction finding (huff-duff) sets
Dowding_system
German World War II submarine
" After ten days of hunting, on 17 June Huff-Duff (HF/DF, high frequency direction finding) picked up a weather report from U-853 only 30 nautical miles
German_submarine_U-853
Radio transmissions consisting of only a single repeating Morse code letter
"Single Letter Beacons" SLHFB, or "Single Letter High Frequency Beacons" SLHFM, or "Single Letter High Frequency Markers" Cluster beacons MX — an ENIGMA and
Letter_beacon
cover for the work, meaning Range and Direction Finding but suggesting the already well-known Radio Direction Finding. Late in 1935, responding to Lindemann's
History_of_radar
Conflicts over the control of meteorological data during the Second World War
radio reports exposed their location to the superior British High-frequency direction finding system and their encryption provided additional fodder for
North_Atlantic_weather_war
Branch of underwater warfare
convoy with air cover, as well as close the mid-Atlantic gap. High frequency direction finding (HF/DF), including shipborne sets, to pinpoint the location
Anti-submarine_warfare
US Navy circularly disposed HF/DF antenna array
built at a number of locations during the Cold War for high frequency radio direction finding (HF/DF) and signals intelligence (SIGINT). 14 sites were
AN/FRD-10
Historic site in Queensland, Australia
Radio direction finder stations and high frequency direction finding (HF/DF) stations in the Townsville and Charters Towers area. The role of high frequency
Operations and Signals Bunker, Wulguru
Operations_and_Signals_Bunker,_Wulguru
Attempt by Germany during World War II to cut supply lines to Britain
important developments was ship-borne direction-finding radio equipment, known as HF/DF (high-frequency direction-finding, or Huff-Duff), which started to
Battle_of_the_Atlantic
United States Coast Guard operation in World War II
landed 41 men with thirty tons of equipment to establish a high-frequency direction finding station on Jan Mayen in November 1942. The sledge patrol attacked
Greenland_Patrol
WW2 Royal Navy command position, based in Liverpool, England
hunt submarines spotted by reconnaissance or picked up by high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF). In situations where the regular escorts would have
Commander-in-Chief, Western Approaches
Commander-in-Chief,_Western_Approaches
Class of Royal Navy destroyers built late in World War I
Type 291 air warning radar was added at the masthead, with High Frequency Direction Finding (HF/DF) fitted in some ships. The maximum speed of the conversions
V_and_W-class_destroyer
Scientific radar
dynamics applications radar (CODAR) is a type of portable, land-based, high frequency (HF) radar developed between 1973 and 1983 at NOAA's Wave Propagation
Coastal ocean dynamics applications radar
Coastal_ocean_dynamics_applications_radar
1943 S-class destroyer of the Royal Navy
Swift was fitted with a Type 272 surface warning radar and a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial on the ship's tripod foremast, with a Type 291
HMS_Swift_(G46)
U-class destroyer converted to Type 15 frigate of the Royal Navy
foremast, together with a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial. A Type 285 fire control radar integrated with the ship's high-angle gun director,
HMS_Undaunted_(R53)
City in Manitoba, Canada
station was controlled by the RCAF but used naval personnel as high-frequency direction finding operators. The station's priority was German U-boat traffic
Portage_la_Prairie
French electrical engineer (1905–1981)
instrumental in radio direction finding, including four secret patents relating to the automatic high-frequency direction finding (Huff-Duff) system used
Henri_G._Busignies
Radar defence system in Britain in World War II
The combined system, later known as huff-duff (from HF/DF, high frequency direction finding), allowed the almost instantaneous determination of the bearing
Chain_Home
United States historic place
Navy established Station I at Mare Island as one of four High Frequency Direction Finding (HFDF) stations on the Pacific mainland to track Japanese naval
Mare_Island_Naval_Shipyard
Signal processing effect
changed its apparent frequency of rotation. A reversal of direction can be described as a negative frequency. Temporal aliasing frequencies in video and cinematography
Aliasing
Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War
centimeter-wavelength radar. None of the ships carried HF/DF high-frequency direction finding sets. As western Atlantic coastal convoys brought an end to
Convoy_ON_127
Landform in Santa Barbara County, California
California. USS Edith wrecked off Point Argüello in 1849. A High-frequency direction finding (HFDF) was established here by the Navy during World War II
Point_Arguello
Allied oceangoing convoys
the North Atlantic with very long range aircraft, Huff-Duff (high-frequency direction finding) improved airborne centimetric radar was introduced and convoys
Arctic convoys of World War II
Arctic_convoys_of_World_War_II
Aspect of naval history
and radar, and the development of new technologies such as high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF). In the North Sea and Atlantic, Germany lacked the
Naval tactics in the Age of Steam
Naval_tactics_in_the_Age_of_Steam
Group of islands off the coast of California, United States
Malahat as one possible site for Rum Row during Prohibition. A high-frequency direction finding (HFDF) station was established here by the Navy during World
Farallon_Islands
Sloop of the Royal Navy
detected radio signals from a German submarine with the ship's High-frequency direction finding gear, and running down the bearing found U-333, and carried
HMS_Folkestone_(L22)
Decommissioned Royal Navy corvette of the Castle class
Type 272 or Type 277 surface search radar was fitted, as was high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) gear. The ships' sonar outfit was Type 145 and Type
HMS_Oakham_Castle
S-class destroyer, British Royal Navy (1943)
Serapis was fitted with a Type 272 surface warning radar and a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial on the ship's lattice foremast, together with
HMS_Serapis_(G94)
Allied WWII freighter convoy to the Soviet Union
and hits often failed to penetrate. During the day, escorts' High-frequency direction finding equipment (Huff-Duff) detected U-boat wireless transmissions
Convoy_PQ_18
Month of 1962
as part of the MSC's Integrated Mission Control Center. A high frequency direction finding system study was initiated for Project Mercury. Born: Per-Erik
October_1962
HMCS Coverdale (Coverdale, New Brunswick) – intercept and high-frequency direction-finding station 1944-1971; sold to New Brunswick government and now
List of Royal Canadian Navy bases (1911–1968)
List_of_Royal_Canadian_Navy_bases_(1911–1968)
French engineer, executive and technical director
Deloraine set up a direction-finding division within which, in 1940, he developed the process known as "HF/DF" or High-frequency direction finding, revolutionary
Maurice_Deloraine
Type 272 or Type 277 surface search radar was fitted, as was high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) gear. The ships' sonar outfit was Type 145 and Type
HMS_Berkeley_Castle_(K387)
Corvette in UK Royal Navy
Type 272 or Type 277 surface search radar was fitted, as was high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) gear. The ships' sonar outfit was Type 145 and Type
HMS_Launceston_Castle
Sloop of the Royal Navy
60–90. Other wartime changes included the fitting of radar and High-frequency direction finding gear. Weston, which was nicknamed "Aggie on Horseback" in service
HMS_Weston
T-class destroyer converted to Type 15 frigate of the Royal Navy
fire control radar integrated with the ship's high-angle gun director. A high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial was fitted to a lattice mainmast
HMS_Troubridge
Type of radio antenna array, used mainly for early radio navigation
for radio direction finding. In the late 1920s, the Adcock antenna was adopted for aerial navigation, in what became known as the low frequency radio range
Adcock_antenna
H-class destroyer
surface warning radar was added at the top of the foremast. A High frequency direction finding system was added on a pole mast aft. The ship also received
HMS_Hotspur_(H01)
Aspect of military history
bearings on the high frequency radio transmissions used by the German Kriegsmarine. The engineering of such high frequency direction finding systems for operation
Military history of Poland during World War II
Military_history_of_Poland_during_World_War_II
Designation given to 78 frigates of the Royal Navy
Captains. A medium frequency direction finding antenna (MF/DF) was fitted in front of the bridge and a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF, "Huffduff")
Captain-class_frigate
Navy in 1944. The station conducted operations pertaining to high-frequency direction finding, which was used to monitor German communications during World
Mill_Creek_Nature_Park
Imperial Japanese Navy Junsen III type submarine
Allied signals intelligence detected her transmission and used high-frequency direction finding to plot her position. The next day, an Allied antisubmarine
Japanese_submarine_I-8
Neighbourhood in Charlotte, New Brunswick, Canada
allowed the Royal Canadian Navy to use their equipment for High Frequency Direction Finding activities against German submarines in the Atlantic. In October
Pennfield,_New_Brunswick
Destroyer of the Royal Navy
latest Wireless telegraphy (W/T), Radio transmitter (R/T) and High-frequency direction finding (H/F D/F) equipment was installed; and Carley rafts were fitted
HMS_Wanderer_(D74)
W-class destroyer converted to Type 15 frigate of the Royal Navy
warning radar on the ship's lattice foremast, together with a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial, with a Type 291 air warning radar on a pole
HMS_Whirlwind_(R87)
Village in Essex, England
1773 shows the village as Fourth End. During World War II, High-frequency direction finding stations, known as "Huff-Duff", were built in the area as part
Ford_End
A-class destroyer
four more later on. The 3 inch gun was removed by 1943, when high-frequency direction finding gear was fitted. A second 4.7 in gun was replaced in 1944 by
HMS_Antelope_(H36)
T-class destroyer converted to Type 16 frigate of the Royal Navy
Termagant was fitted with a Type 272 surface warning radar and a high-frequency direction finding (HF/DF) aerial on the ship's lattice foremast, together with
HMS_Termagant_(R89)
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