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Indian historian (1902–1992)
Hari Ram Gupta (5 February 1902 – 28 March 1992) was an Indian historian. The main focus of his work was the Sikh history of 18th century. During 1957
Hari_Ram_Gupta
Common in the second half of the 18th century
Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs 1769 1799 Vol Ii. p. 165. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs 1769 1799 Vol Ii. p. 194. Hari Ram Gupta
Sikh_attacks_on_Delhi
General of the Sikh Empire (1791–1837)
was killed in a duel with Wazir Akbar Khan. According to historian Hari Ram Gupta, Hari Singh Nalwa rallied his men and rode to the front where he was struck
Hari_Singh_Nalwa
Battle of Afghan–Sikh War
Singh, after some rest, came back to Lahore, leaving Hari Singh Nalwa to govern Peshawar. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion
Standoff at the Khyber Pass (1834–1835)
Standoff_at_the_Khyber_Pass_(1834–1835)
Fourth Sikh guru from 1574 to 1581
Ideological Perspective. Unistar. pp. 251–252. ISBN 978-81-89899-55-4. Hari Ram Gupta (1999). The history of the sikh gurus. Munshilal Manoharlal Pvt.Ltd
Guru_Ram_Das
Sikh warlord (died 1765)
Ltd. p. 260. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6. Retrieved 23 September 2010. Gupta, Hari Ram (13 June 2021). Marathas And Panipat. Panjab University, 1961. Narayan
Hari_Singh_Bhangi
Sikh leader of the Singh Krora Misl
September 2024. Gupta, Hari Ram, History of the Sikhs, vol. III. Delhi, 1979 Sital, Sohan Singh, Sikh Mislan. Ludhiana, 1952 Hari Ram Gupta (October 2001)
Baghel_Singh
Sikh warrior
or Rise and fall of Sikh misls by Hari Ram Gupta; Published in 1978 by Munshiram Manoharlal; page 52 Hari Ram Gupta (2001) [1973]. History Of The Sikhs
Sardar_Gulab_Singh
Indian Muslim soldier against Marathas
Indo-Afghan Empire, C.1710-1780. BRILL. p. 118. ISBN 90-04-10109-8. Hari Ram Gupta (1961). Marathas and Panipat. the University of Michigan. Sir Jadunath
Mian_Qutb_Shah
Sikh military confederation (1748–1799)
Heritage of the Sikhs, second rev. ed., Manohar (1994) ISBN 81-7304-064-8 Hari Ram Gupta, History of the Sikhs: Sikh Domination of the Mughal Empire, 1764–1803
Sikh_Confederacy
Sikh raid on Delhi during the fall of the Mughal Empire
Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs 1769 1799 Vol Ii. p. 141. Singha 2000, p. 26-27. Sikhs In The Eighteenth Century. pp. 559, 560. Hari Ram Gupta
Battle_of_Delhi_(1783)
18th-century Sikh martyr
the title of Nawab and was given the name Nawab Kapur Singh. However, Hari Ram Gupta claims that the negotiations between the Sikhs and Mughals occurred
Bhai_Subeg_Singh
Empire on the Indian subcontinent, 1799–1849
provinces (known as Subas), with them namely being as follows as per Hari Ram Gupta: Hans Herrli instead claims there were five provinces of the Sikh Empire
Sikh_Empire
1704 battle in Punjab, India
date conversion by Hari Ram Gupta was an error and the true date of Poh 8 corresponds to 7 December. According to Purewal, Gupta likely converted the
Battle_of_Chamkaur
1762 massacre of Sikhs by the Durranis
Kingdom (2nd ed.). Amritsar: Guru Nanak Dev University. pp. 74–77. Hari Ram Gupta, A History of the Sikhs from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise of Ranjit
Vadda_Ghallughara
Official of the Sikh Empire
Nalua—Life of the Sikh General Hari Singh Nalua,. Lahore Book Shop. Sinha, N. K. (1933). Ranjit Singh. A. Mukherjee & Co. Gupta, Hari Ram (1982). History of the
Mohkam_Chand
1831 conflict between the Sikhs and Mujahideen
into the Kunhar River, where it was never found again. According to Hari Ram Gupta, head of body of Ahmed Barelvi was cut for display and the bodies of
Battle_of_Balakot
Raja of Kapurthala from 1801–1837
Hari Ram Gupta (October 2001). The Sikhs Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Sikh Misls. Munshilal Manoharlal Pvt.Ltd. ISBN 81-215-0165-2. Hari Ram Gupta
Fateh_Singh_Ahluwalia
19th century Mujahideen-Sikh battle
Battle of Haidru (1828) Battle of Balakot Altaf Qadir 2014, p. 13. Hari Ram Gupta 1978, p. 161. Politics of Worship in the Contemporary Middle East: Sainthood
Battle_of_Akora_Khattak
Founder of the Durrani Empire
ISBN 9788173045806. Gupta, Hari Ram (1978). History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh Confederacies, 1708-1769. Munshiram Manoharlal. Gupta, Hari Ram (1976). Later
Ahmad_Shah_Durrani
https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/-art-soul-825249 Hari Ram Gupta (1978). History of the Sikhs: Sikh domination of the Mughal Empire,
Rane_Khan
Second Durrani Emperor (r. 1772–1793)
2021. Hari Ram Gupta (2001). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth. Munshirm Manoharlal Pub Pvt Ltd. pp. 432–435. ISBN 9788121501651. Gupta 2000
Timur_Shah_Durrani
1823 Sikh–Afghan battle
while Hari Ram Gupta treats the decisive battle as occurring on 14 March 1823. Casualty figures differ substantially among Historians. Hari Ram Gupta gives
Battle_of_Nowshera
Sikh leader and founder of Kapurthala State (1718–1783)
Jassa Singh Ahluwalia, the Guru actually made a sparrow kill hawks. — Hari Ram Gupta Nawab Jassa Singh Ahluwalia Government College (NJSA Government College)
Jassa_Singh_Ahluwalia
Battle fought by the Sikh forces
Anandpur in the early 1685 but were repulsed. Nihang Martyrdom and Sikhism Hari Ram Gupta (1994). History Of The Sikhs Vol. I The Sikh Gurus (1469-1708). pp. 226–228
Battle_of_Anandpur_(1682)
Sikh-Afghan battle
doubt that the battle actually occurred. However, it is accepted by Hari Ram Gupta and Ganda Singh. Some sources simply state that both sides withdrew
Battle_of_Pipli_Sahib
Sikh martyr (1682–1757)
Azimullah Khan and the Sikhs retreated to the Lakhi Jungle. According to Hari Ram Gupta, Daranat Shah was Baba Deep Singh. In April 1757, Ahmad Shah Durrani
Baba_Deep_Singh
Battle of Shujabad in 1780, Sikh Misls vs Afghans
Multan (1780) Timur Shah Durrani Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani Gupta, Hari Ram (2000). Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707-1793. Sang-e-Meel
Battle_of_Shujabad_(1780)
Empress consort of the Mughal Empire
1707-1813. Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 137. ISBN 978-1-932705-54-6. Hari Ram Gupta, ed. (1961). Marathas and Panipat. Panjab University. p. 90. Beveridge
Sahiba_Mahal
Sikh warrior
University Press. p. 187. ISBN 978-0-19-567308-1. Retrieved 6 October 2024. Hari Ram Gupta (October 2001). The Sikhs Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Sikh
Budha_Singh
Sikh military commander (1670–1716)
unreliable allies as they would desert when fearing a sign of defeat. Hari Ram Gupta writes that Banda's army consisted of three groups, the first being
Banda_Singh_Bahadur
Period in Indian history, c. 1712–1857
eighteenth century, (Gilbert & Rivington Printers: London, 1862), 228. Hari Ram Gupta (1999). History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh confederacies, 1708–69
Decline_of_the_Mughal_Empire
Indian historian and educationist (1912–2019)
Gupta, Rev & enl ed. Kirpal Singh Narang; Hari Ram Gupta (1967). History of the Punjab, 1526-1857. Uttar Chand Kapur. Kirpal Singh Narang; Hari Ram Gupta
Kirpal_Singh_Narang
Sardar of Sukerchakia Misl (1756/60-1790/92)
was victorious but Maha Singh died on April 15, 1790. According to Hari Ram Gupta, "There is not the least doubt about it that if he had lived ten years
Maha_Singh
killed on both sides which forced the Afghans to retreat back to Lahore. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja
Battle_of_Amritsar_(1798)
Sovereign state of the Sikh Confederacy (1748–1801)
Singh was married to the daughter of Jai Singh Mann of Mughalchak." — Hari Ram Gupta, History of the Sikhs. Vol. IV: Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of
Sukerchakia_Misl
1780 siege of Timur Shah Durrani's Indian campaign
The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls. pp. 438–439. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707 To 1793.
Siege_of_Bahawalpur
Afghan Rohilla Chief and Mughal serviceman (1707/1708–1770)
History of Modern India 1707-1813. p. 230. Hari Ram Gupta (1999). History of the Sikhs. p. 339. Hari Ram Gupta (1961). Marathas and Panipat. Panjab University
Najib_ad-Dawlah
Indian diplomat (1812–1877)
Lal died in Delhi in 1877 in obscurity. According to his biographer Hari Ram Gupta, Mohan Lal is reported to have written an extensive diary until his
Mohan_Lal_Kashmiri
Indian gangster and politician
2000, he was the Stamp and Registration cabinet minister in BJP's Ram Prakash Gupta's government. In 2001, he was appointed Science and Technology minister
Hari_Shankar_Tiwari
Empress Consort of India ([[floruit|fl.]] 1768)
Official Documents, Volume 2. Oriental Publishers & Distributors. p. 144. Hari Ram Gupta, ed. (1961). Marathas and Panipat. Panjab University. p. 24. "Ahmad
Qudsia_Begum
Battle of Afghan-Sikh Wars
and Persia, Immediately Before and After the Death of Ranjeet Singh. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja
Battle_of_Panjtar
Sikh Maharaja from 1801 to 1839
consisted of 25 Muslim states, 27 Hindu states and 16 Sikh states". Gupta, Hari Ram (1991). The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja Ranjit Singh, 1799–1839)
Ranjit_Singh
Pritam Das complained to Sikh chiefs, who reprimanded the Bairagis. Hari Ram Gupta (2001). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh commonwealth or Rise and fall
1796_Haridwar_Kumbh_clash
Sikh administrator and general (1770–1837)
by Dhian Singh Dogra. He left for Benaras, where he died in 1837. Gupta, Hari Ram (1982). History of the Sikhs, Vol. V. Munshiram Manoharlal. Suri, Sohan
Moti_Ram
Part of campaigns of Timur Shah
Archived from the original on 4 December 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021. Gupta, Hari Ram (2000). Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707-1793. Sang-e-Meel
Battle_of_Rohtas_(1779)
1746 massacre of Sikhs by the Mughals
upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. p. 123. ISBN 9781443845526. Hari Ram Gupta, A History of the Sikhs from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise of Ranjit
Chhota_Ghallughara
Sikh warrior
established a little later by Charat Singh's split from the Singhpuria Misl. Gupta, Hari Ram (1999). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth or Rise and Fall
Naudh_Singh
18th-century Muslim mystic
to Hari Ram Gupta, his father was named Husain and grandfather Ustad Halalkhor, a farrier in Kabul who had later become a fakir. According to Gupta they
Sabir_Shah
1526–1752 wars between the Mughal Empire and Afghans
Resource. "Studies In Later Mughal History Of The Punjab 1707 To 1793 : Hari Ram Gupta : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive". Retrieved
Mughal–Afghan_Wars
Dilagīra (1997). The Sikh reference book. p. 627. ISBN 9788170103011. Hari Ram Gupta (1994). History Of The Sikhs Vol. I The Sikh Gurus (1469-1708). pp. 226–228
Battle_of_Anandpur_(1812)
Sikh warrior and leader (1721/30-1770/74)
Charat Singh built a fort at Amritsar to the north of the city." – Hari Ram Gupta In 1761, After the Third Battle of Panipat, Ahmad Shah Durrani sent
Charat_Singh
Mughal emperor (r. 1760–1788, 1788–1806)
Politics. Columbia University Press. p. 462. ISBN 978-0-231-15811-4. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). A History of the Sikhs, from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise
Shah_Alam_II
18th-century governor of Lahore
Teja Singh & Ganda Singh 1999, p. 176. Gupta 2007, pp. 227–229. Gandhi 1999, pp. 176, 300, 303. Gupta, Hari Ram (2007). Evolution of Sikh Confederacies
Kabuli_Mal
Conflict between Mujahideen and Sikh Khalsa Fauj
Battle of Haidru (1828) Battle of Balakot Altaf Qadir 2014, p. 92. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja
Battle_of_Shaidu
Persian Invasion of Mughal Empire (1738–1739)
p. 8. Marshman, P. 200 Axworthy 2006, pp. 212, 216. Axworthy 2006. Hari Ram Gupta (1999). History of the Sikhs: Evolution of Sikh confederacies, 1708–1769
Nader Shah's invasion of India
Nader_Shah's_invasion_of_India
Janko quickly moved towards Panipat and Karnal to fight the Sikhs. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs 1769 1799. pp. 46–47. Rule of Shah Alam
Siege_of_Kunjpura_(1772)
Sikh soldier and administrator (died 1842)
(1890). The Panjab Chiefs, vol. 1. Civil and Military Gazette. p. 39. Gupta, Hari Ram (1982). History of the Sikhs, vol. V. Munshiram Manoharlal. p. 133
Kirpa_Ram_(Sikh_official)
Hindu pilgrimage and festival in India
Place. Oxford University Press. pp. 252–253. ISBN 978-0-19-974158-8. Hari Ram Gupta (2001). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh commonwealth or Rise and fall
Kumbh_Mela
Sikh leader in the period of Sikh Confederacy
Hari Ram Gupta (October 2001). The Sikhs Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Sikh Misls. Munshilal Manoharlal Pvt.Ltd. ISBN 81-215-0165-2. Gupta, Hari
Jassa_Singh_Ramgarhia
Sikh commander of the 18th century
Sikh military forces into two factions from 1720 to 1783. According to Hari Ram Gupta, he became a leader of a jatha under the Buddha Dal in 1734. As per
Sham_Singh_of_Narli
1835 battle between Afghans and Sikhs
Last Sunset. Roli Books Private Limited. p. 42. ISBN 9788174369116. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja
Battle_of_Ramkani
Historical conflict
of Non-Muslim Hegemony. SAGE Publications India. ISBN 9789351505044. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History Of The Sikhs Vol. V The Sikh Lion of Lahore (Maharaja
Battle_of_Haidru_(1828)
Hari Singh Nalwa. Sagar Publications. p. 84. Gurbachan Singh Nayyar (1995). The Campaigns Of Hari Singh Nalwa. p. 96. ISBN 9788173801419. Hari Ram Gupta
Siege_of_Mankera_(1821–1822)
Mughal garden complex in Lahore, Pakistan
Architectural Remains and Antiquities. Oxford University: New Imperial Press. Hari Ram Gupta (1991). History of the Sikhs. ISBN 9788121505154.. Upon A Trailing Edge:
Shalamar_Gardens,_Lahore
1710 conflict
unreliable allies as they would desert when fearing a sign of defeat. Hari Ram Gupta writes that Banda's army consisted of three groups, the first being
Battle_of_Chappar_Chiri
1710 conflict
of Shaikh Ahmad Mujaddid Alif Sani leading to doubts on the extent. Hari Ram Gupta noted that several notable Muslims saved their lives by converting to
Siege_of_Sirhind
18th c. military action
Historical Records Commission (1941). Proceedings of Meetings. p. 96. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs 1769 1799. pp. 89–92. Sarkar Jadunath (1952)
Siege_of_Patiala_(1779)
Rajkumari of Chamba
from being compromised in the imperial harem. Moreover, historians Hari Ram Gupta and Ganda Singh report that Banda Singh Bahadur’s wife, together with
Susheel_Kaur
Town in Punjab, Pakistan
Sardars, handsome, gallant and true; the Majithias, wise and timid." Hari Ram Gupta accounts that in mid-eighteenth century, in order to establish and strengthen
Mananwala
Indian yogi and writer (1923–2018)
he opened Sri Ram Orphanage for homeless children in Haridwar, India in 1987. To the local population of Nainital and Almora, Baba Hari Dass was also
Baba_Hari_Dass
Chief of Bhangi Misl from 1766 to 1774
ISBN 813020181X. Hari Ram Gupta (2001). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh Commonwealth. Munshirm Manoharlal Pub Pvt Ltd. ISBN 9788121501651. Hari Ram Gupta (2001)
Jhanda_Singh_Bhangi
Indian actor and film producer (b. 1985)
particular praise. Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express wrote "The film casts not just one super-star, but two of them – Jr NTR and Ram Charan. The biggest super-star
Ram_Charan
18th century Afghan–Sikh war battle
attempted to harass Ahmad Shah during his withdrawal but per historian Hari Ram Gupta, Sikhs probably left from harassing in view of the Baisakhi festival
Battle_of_Chenab
Military Campaign
Abdul Khan, Rattan Chand and Karam Chand were killed in the fighting. Hari Ram Gupta. History of the Sikhs:The Sikhs Gurus (1469-1708). Munshilal Manohorlal
Battle_of_Rohilla
Failed Sikh expedition to Kashmir
the Sikh invasion led by Hari Singh Nalwa and Ram Dayal. Sikh forces entered the valley led by Ranjit Singh, Ram Dayal, and Hari Singh Nalwa. As they progressed
Battle_of_Kashmir_(1814)
Pashtun-descended ethnic group of Uttar Pradesh, India
The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire. BRILL. p. 119. ISBN 9004101098. Gupta, Hari Ram (1999) [1980]. History of the Sikhs. Vol. III: Sikh Domination of the
Rohilla
Raja of Jammu from 1782 to 1787
Singh (1992). The Encyclopedia Of Sikhism - Volume IV S-Z. p. 194. Hari Ram Gupta (1982). History Of The Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And
Raja_Braj_Dev
18th–19th century series of conflicts
city by the Afghans were unsuccessful. Historians Jonathan Lee and Hari Ram Gupta state Iranian monarch Shahrokh Shah surrendered to Ahmad Shah personally
Persian–Afghan_Wars
Jat clan of present-day India and Pakistan
ravages of time". The Tribun. 27 November 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2021. Hari Ram Gupta (2001). History of the Sikhs: The Sikh commonwealth or Rise and fall
Sandhawalia
1748–1837 wars between the Afghan and Sikh empires
p. 158. Retrieved 4 December 2021. Gupta 2000, p. 236. Gupta 2000, p. 237. Gupta 2000, p. 238. Gupta, Hari Ram (2000). Studies In Later Mughal History
Afghan–Sikh_Wars
Princely state of India
of the Sikhs: 1469-1839. Vol. 1. Princeton University Press. p. 123. Hari Ram Gupta (October 2001). The Sikhs Commonwealth or Rise and Fall of the Sikh
Kapurthala_State
City in Haryana, India
287. Retrieved 21 January 2021. Hari Ram Gupta (1961). Marathas And Panipat. panjab University. p. 354. Pande, Ram (2006). Social and Political History
Rohtak
1685 battle of the Hill States-Sikh Wars
atmosphere of confrontation developed between the two on such small issues. Hari Ram Gupta (1994). History Of The Sikhs Vol. I The Sikh Gurus (1469-1708). Munshiram
Battle_of_Anandpur_(1685)
Deliberative assembly of the Sikhs
circumstances. Volume 2: Evolution of Sikh Confederacies (1708-1769) by Hari Ram Gupta. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers, 1999, ISBN 8121505402, Pages: 383
Sarbat_Khalsa
First standing Sikh army created by Guru Hargobind (1606 – 1699)
Publishing Group. p. 860. ISBN 978-0-313-33536-5. Retrieved 31 July 2010. Hari Ram Gupta. History of the Sikhs:The Sikhs Gurus (1469-1708). Munshilal Manohorlal
Akal_Sena
Indian politician (1942–2018)
Dal representing the Jind constituency in Haryana. He defeated Mange Ram Gupta who was Cabinet Minister of Haryana in 2009 in the very start of his political
Hari_Chand_Middha
Grand vizier of the Mughal Empire
Mal 1707–1763. Rupa Publications India Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 9788129126603. Hari Ram Gupta, ed. (1961). Marathas and Panipat. Panjab University. p. 24. François
Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung III
Ghazi_ud-Din_Khan_Feroze_Jung_III
Mosque in Delhi, India
Dalrymple, p.252 Rajagopalan 2016, pp. 92–93. Marathas and Panipat by Hari Ram Gupta (1961) pg. 326 Aziz 2017, p. 19. Rajagopalan 2016, p. 106. Rajagopalan
Jama_Masjid,_Delhi
Princess of Patiala (1771–1801)
Traditions of the Sikh People. Archway Publishing. ISBN 978-1-6657-3953-5. Hari Ram Gupta (1944). History Of The Sikhs. Vol. II. Lahore: The Minerva Book Shop
Bibi_Sahib_Kaur
Sikh general and administrator (1792–1820)
the Sardar built a samadhi (memorial) in Hazara to honour the Diwan. Gupta, Hari Ram (1982). History of the Sikhs, vol. V. Munshiram Manoharlal. pp. 125
Ram_Dayal_(Sikh_official)
the Akali Nihangs (PDF) (2nd ed.). Budha Dal and Tarna Dal. pp. 8–9. Hari Ram Gupta. History of the Sikhs:The Sikhs Gurus (1469-1708). Munshilal Manohorlal
List of battles of Guru Hargobind
List_of_battles_of_Guru_Hargobind
18th century siege in Punjab
surrender of the Chattha chief and his family. However, according to Hari Ram Gupta, Kanhayia Lal, and Muhammad Latif, Maha Singh resorted to scheming because
Siege_of_Rasulnagar
1772–1773 Bhangi Misl campaign
Singha describe Mankera as having been captured or conquered. Historian Hari Ram Gupta, however, wrote that local tradition recorded in the Mianwali District
Jhanda Singh's western Punjab campaign
Jhanda_Singh's_western_Punjab_campaign
Third Sikh guru from 1552 to 1574
strong Vaishnavite before he met Guru Angad at a fairly advanced age. Hari Ram Gupta. History Of The Sikhs Vol. 1 The Sikh Guru's 1469-1708. p. 129. Nikky-Guninder
Guru_Amar_Das
Meerut on 15 August 1781 and gave Sikh losses at about 5,000, but the Hari Ram Gupta and Jadunath Sarkar note that contemporary mid-August records do not
Mirza Shafi's campaign against Sikhs
Mirza_Shafi's_campaign_against_Sikhs
Jahan Shah Farkhunda Bakht, was sent with Abdul Ahad. According to Hari Ram Gupta and G.S. Cheema the expedition left Delhi on 18 June 1779 in, while
Abdul_Ahad's_Patiala_campaign
Flag representing the Sikh people
giving the message of peace and prosperity to his audience (GGS 1393). Hari Ram Gupta. History of the Sikhs:The Sikhs Gurus (1469-1708). Munshilal Manohorlal
Nishan_Sahib
Afghan chief and warrior (18th century)
Sikhs Vol. IV The Sikh Commonwealth Or Rise And Fall Of Sikh Misls by Hari Ram Gupta "Tazkira Nawab Najabat Khan" by Akbar Khan (himself a Salar Khel), [1]
Najabat_Khan
Nawab of Punjab in 1758
ISBN 9788126935413. {{cite book}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Hari Ram Gupta, History of the Sikhs, Vol-II Purnima Dhavan (2011). When Sparrows Became
Adina_Beg_Khan
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