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1894–1897 massacres of Armenians and Assyrians in the Ottoman Empire
The Hamidian massacres, also called the Armenian massacres, were massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire in the mid-1890s. Estimated casualties ranged
Hamidian_massacres
Mass killings of Armenians and Assyrians in the Ottoman Empire
were part of the Hamidian massacres and targeted the vilayet's Christian population – mostly Armenians and Assyrians. The massacres were initially directed
Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895)
Massacres_of_Diyarbekir_(1895)
patients regardless of their religion and ethnicity. In 1895, during the Hamidian massacres, word had reached Fred Shepard that the village of Zeitun was under
Fred_D._Shepard
1909 massacres of Armenian, Assyrian, and Greek civilians by Ottoman Muslims
the massacres; however, the modern Turkish government and certain Turkish nationalists, deny the massacre happened. After the Hamidian massacres, the
Adana_massacre
Incident of killing civilians
Robert Melson (1982) in the context of the "Hamidian massacres" used a "basic working definition" of "by massacre we shall mean the intentional killing by
Massacre
Armenian revolutionary (1873–1896)
The Hamidian massacres (1894–1896) devastated Armenian communities, claiming over 100,000 lives. Parian's parents were killed during massacres in Harput
Papken_Siuni
Battles involving Armenian National movement
Empire in June 1896, during the Hamidian massacres. The Van region had avoided the earlier stages of the Hamidian massacres in 1895. However, by January
Defense_of_Van_(1896)
Geographical term that roughly encompasses West Asia
to the Muslim empire within which they lived. The Hamidian Massacres, Adana Massacres and Massacres of Badr Khan targeting Assyrians and Armenians aroused
Near_East
City in Turkey
believed to have been killed in the Trebizond vilayet during the Hamidian massacres of 1895. While this number was low in comparison to other Ottoman
Trabzon
1895–1900 clashes
clashes between the Assyrians and Kurds, during the Hamidian massacres (until 1897, when the massacres were stopped) and became more serious after the Kurds
Assyrian–Kurdish clashes (1895–1900)
Assyrian–Kurdish_clashes_(1895–1900)
1890–1908 Ottoman irregular cavalry regiment
Ottoman Empire (Western Armenia in some sources). A major role in the Hamidian massacres of 1894–1896 has been often ascribed to the Hamidiye regiments, particularly
Hamidiye_(cavalry)
Overview of the press coverage in response to the Armenian genocide
The sources prior to 1914 relate in large part to the Hamidian massacres and the Adana massacre. The Armenian genocide was widely covered in the international
Press coverage during the Armenian genocide
Press_coverage_during_the_Armenian_genocide
was suppressed by the sultan for its democratic ideas. In 1896, the Hamidian massacres began and in order to escape the fate of other Armenians, he fled
Arpiar_Arpiarian
17th-century Jewish pogroms in Ukraine
violence was actually committed under his subcommander Maksym Kryvonis. Massacres of the Jews of Poland, Belarus, and today's Ukraine occurred throughout
Khmelnytsky_pogroms
violent crackdown by Ottoman authorities. The event was part of the Hamidian massacres. In September 1895 the Hunchak party organised a demonstration in
Bab_Ali_demonstration
American journalist, lecturer and touring cyclist
disappeared in Turkey (then in the Ottoman Empire) at the time of the Hamidian Massacres, was seen as akin to the earlier search for David Livingstone in Africa
William_Sachtleben
Massacres of Assyrians in Hakkari in the years 1843 and 1846
Assyrian people as an independent body" was ended. 1860 Lebanon conflict Hamidian massacres Assyrian genocide List of conflicts in the Near East Laurie, Thomas
1843 and 1846 massacres in Hakkari
1843_and_1846_massacres_in_Hakkari
Armenian writer
and Masis (Armenian: Մասիս).[citation needed] In 1896, during the Hamidian massacres, Erukhan fled the country, alongside many other Armenian intellectuals
Erukhan
Armenian activist and politician (1872–1923)
masterminds of the 1896 occupation of the Ottoman Bank in response to the Hamidian massacres, and of Operation Nemesis, in which several perpetrators of the Armenian
Armen_Garo
Battles involving Armenian National movement
Stirred largely due to the inaction of the European powers in regard to Hamidian massacres started by Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the Armenian Revolutionary Federation
Occupation of the Ottoman Bank
Occupation_of_the_Ottoman_Bank
1905 attack in Istanbul
perceived as an act of retribution against the main instigator of the Hamidian massacres (1894–1896), which caused the deaths of 100,000 to 300,000 Armenians
Attempted assassination of Abdul Hamid II
Attempted_assassination_of_Abdul_Hamid_II
Municipality in Erzincan, Turkey
Britannica noted a massacre of Armenians in Eğin on November 8, 1895. Although Dadrian reports that Eğin escaped during the Hamidian massacres, he says it was
Kemaliye
Ethnic Armenians living in Cyprus
numerical increase was due to the influx of Armenian refugees from the Hamidian massacres. In 1911 there were 611 Armenians in Cyprus (of whom 549 were "Gregorians"
Armenian_Cypriots
Village in Savur, Turkey
Šabay. Qeleth was attacked by Kurds in early November 1895 during the Hamidian massacres. In 1914, 2500 Assyrians inhabited the village, as per the list presented
Dereiçi,_Savur
American actress and TV host (1907–2001)
died in one of the massacres perpetrated by the Ottoman government in Turkey between 1894 and 1896, known as the Hamidian massacres. He emigrated to the
Arlene_Francis
Armenian painter, writer, and translator
Samuel Rogers.[citation needed] After her father's murder during the Hamidian massacres, in 1895, Boyajian, her mother and her brother, Henry, moved to London
Zabelle_Boyajian
Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire (303–313)
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Diocletianic_Persecution
Municipality in Siirt, Turkey
the chief of the tribe, Mijdad Agha, on 15 October 1895, amidst the Hamidian massacres. The monastery and most of the houses were burned down and the villagers
Baykan
Overview of genocides before 1914
religiously motivated Anti-Christian pogroms which are known as the Hamidian massacres were committed against the ancient Armenian and Assyrian Christian
Genocides in history (1490 to 1914)
Genocides_in_history_(1490_to_1914)
its successor state, the Republic of Turkey, which committed the Hamidian massacres, the late Ottoman genocides (comprising the Armenian, Greek, and Assyrian
Persecution_of_Christians
Neighbourhood in Edremit, Van, Turkey
tribal leader Jalaleddin. Many of the villagers were killed during the Hamidian massacres. The village was periodically attacked and looted after 1896. Its
Dönemeç
1926–1929 Mexican rebellion
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Cristero_War
Terrorist attack in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
2024_Wakeley_church_stabbing
Armenian businessman
family fled from the country when he was a few weeks old due to the Hamidian massacres of Armenians. Taken by his father to England, he was educated at Harrow
Nubar_Gulbenkian
1880s–1920s Armenian militants formed in response to massacres
and Hamidian guards during the reign of Ottoman sultan Abdul Hamid II in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, known as the Hamidian massacres. Their
Armenian_fedayi
French painter of Ottoman origin
Charles Garabed Atamian (September 18, 1872 – July 30, 1947) was an Ottoman-born French painter of Armenian ethnicity. Note that he exhibited regularly
Charles_Garabed_Atamian
City in Andes Region, Colombia
memory of the Armenian people murdered by the Ottoman Turks in the Hamidian massacres of 1894–97 and later the Armenian genocide of 1915–23 is unsubstantiated
Armenia,_Colombia
Neighbourhood in Sur, Diyarbakır, Turkey
1895, the village was "thoroughly pillaged and destroyed" during the Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895). 80 of the 100 houses in the village were burned
Bağıvar,_Sur
Committee and became a loosely federated organization in response to the Hamidian massacres. Its executive committee included Supreme Court Justice David J. Brewer
National Armenian Relief Committee
National_Armenian_Relief_Committee
Constantinople massacre of 1821, the Chios massacre, the Destruction of Psara, the Batak massacre, the Hamidian massacres, the Adana massacre, the ethnic
Christianity in the Ottoman Empire
Christianity_in_the_Ottoman_Empire
British-Armenian businessman (1869–1955)
but in 1896, Gulbenkian and his family fled the empire due to the Hamidian massacres of Armenians. They ended up in Egypt, where Gulbenkian met Alexander
Calouste_Gulbenkian
1st-century Christian martyr and saint
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Saint_Stephen
Book by Stefan Ihrig
which explores how violence against the Ottoman Armenians, from the Hamidian massacres to the Armenian genocide, influenced German views and led to the acceptance
Justifying_Genocide
2019 history book written by Benny Morris and Dror Ze'evi
modern Ottoman history. The central argument of the book is that the Hamidian massacres, the Armenian genocide, Assyrian genocide, and Greek genocide should
The_Thirty-Year_Genocide
Armenian monastery complex in Turkey
Spring]. We saw this spring as we approached the monastery." During the Hamidian massacres of 1895, the monastery took in refugees and wounded people. The American
Aghperig_Monastery
Village in Mardin Province, Turkey
village was attacked by Kurds on 5 and 10 November 1895 amidst the Hamidian massacres. It was situated in the Mardin central kaza (district) of the Mardin
Yalım,_Artuklu
American actor
legislature and board of education. His father died in 1892, and the Hamidian massacres forced the Hovsepian family to emigrate. Carewe emigrated to the United
Arthur_Edmund_Carewe
Ethnic group in Lebanon
patriarchal see for the entire Armenian Catholic Church. In the 1890s the Hamidian massacres had produced a trickle of Armenian refugees into Lebanon. The Armenian
Armenians_in_Lebanon
Schahan R. Berberian (Armenian: Շահան Ռ. Պէրպէրեան; 1 January 1891 – 9 October 1956) was an Armenian philosopher, composer, and psychologist. Berberian
Schahan_Berberian
Village in Turkey
Armenians and Syriac Orthodox Christians. The village was pillaged during the Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895). It was located in the Diyarbakır central district
Kervanpınar,_Sur
City in Hatay, Turkey
centuries, most notably due to trade, were wiped out in the Hamidian Massacres, Adana Massacres, and the Armenian genocide, after centuries of discrimination
İskenderun
Armenian writer, poet and national figure
his studies at the Berberian School, graduating in 1896, during the Hamidian massacres. Like many other Armenian intellectuals, he fled the country for fear
Siamanto
Emperor of China from 1796 to 1820
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Jiaqing_Emperor
Destroyed Armenian monastery
it was heavily ruined by neighbouring Turkish Muslims during the Hamidian massacres in 1896. The monastery was known by different names: Akner (Armenian:
Akner_monastery
Massacre during the Lebanese Civil War
the Damour massacre, was nominated for the Oscars in 2018. List of extrajudicial killings and political violence in Lebanon List of massacres in Lebanon
Damour_massacre
Mexican Cristero and Saint (1913–1928)
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
José_Sánchez_del_Río
Battles involving Armenian National movement
of 1895–1896, during the Hamidian massacres, when the Armenians of Zeitun (modern Süleymanlı), fearing the prospect of massacre, took up arms to defend
Zeitun_rebellion_(1895–96)
Prussian church-state conflict (1872–1878)
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Kulturkampf
Americans of Armenian birth or descent
Armenians settled in the United States following the Hamidian massacres of the mid-1890s, the Adana massacre of 1909, and the Armenian genocide of 1915–1918
Armenian_Americans
Sarkis Erganian (Armenian: Սարգիս Երկանեան; 1870 in Trabzon, Ottoman Empire – 1950 in St. Louis, Missouri) was an Ottoman Armenian painter. Armenians in
Sarkis_Erganian
French poet, playwright, translator and journalist (1864–1912)
served as a witness and compiler of historical sources regarding the Hamidian massacres, a series of atrocities carried out by the Ottoman Empire under Abdul
Pierre_Quillard
Armenian academic (1879–1974)
brother but eventually worked in a post office. In an attempt to escape the massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, he left for the United States in October
Varaztad_Kazanjian
Armenian American inventor
Oscar H. Banker (born Asatour Sarafian; May 31, 1895– January 1979) was an Armenian American inventor who patented a number of works, including an automatic
Oscar_H._Banker
De facto rulers of the Ottoman Empire during the First World War (1914–18)
Armenian Assassination of the Turkish Leaders Responsible for the 1915 Massacres and Deportations. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers and Zoryan
Three_Pashas
list of massacres of ethnic Armenians. List of massacres in Turkey Anti-Armenian sentiment Alevi massacres List of massacres in Azerbaijan Massacres in the
List of massacres of Armenians
List_of_massacres_of_Armenians
Ethnic group
(1912) and some cities of Macedonia after the Balkan Wars. During the Hamidian massacres, Armenians that managed to escape and who were saved from the slaughters
Armenians_in_Greece
Village in Siirt Province, Turkey
the chief of the tribe, Mijdad Agha, on 15 October 1895, amidst the Hamidian massacres, resulting in the death of the priest, 10 men, and 4 women. Alternatively
Madenköy,_Şirvan
Belief that Christianity is oppressed in the Western world
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Christian_persecution_complex
1899–1901 anti-foreign uprising in China
and Blagoveshchensk until the Blagoveshchensk massacre and Sixty-Four Villages East of the River massacre committed by Russian Cossack soldiers. Many Manchu
Boxer_Rebellion
Village in Mardin Province, Turkey
village was besieged for five days by Kurds in November 1895 during the Hamidian massacres. There was a church of Mar Malke. In 1914, Bāfāwā was inhabited by
Kayadere,_Ömerli
achieve national independence. This was just a few years before the Hamidian Massacres against the Armenian civilians. A major controversy arose over the
Nerses_II_Varzhabedian
Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1876 to 1909
000 Armenians were killed in what became known as the Hamidian massacres. News of the massacres was widely reported in Europe and the United States and
Abdul_Hamid_II
Ethnic group native to the Armenian highlands
them over classical Armenian (grabar). This period ended after the Hamidian massacres, when Armenians experienced turbulent times. As Armenian history of
Armenians
Ethnic group
of 1877-78, many Armenians fled the Ottoman Empire because of the Hamidian massacres in the 1890s and settled in the country, particularly in the major
Armenians_in_Bulgaria
Mexican Catholic lawyer, martyr, and Blessed (1888–1938)
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Anacleto_González_Flores
Academic term used for the Armenian diaspora
extermination. From 1894 to 1896, up to 300,000 Armenians were killed in the Hamidian massacres. From 1915 to 1923, the Armenian genocide took the lives of around
White_genocide_(Armenians)
Neighbourhood in Sur, Diyarbakır, Turkey
manuscript at Sharūkhīyā in 1653. The village was plundered during the Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895). It was located in the Diyarbakır central district
Çarıklı,_Sur
Discrimination against Christianity or Christians
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Anti-Christian_sentiment
Armenian assassin
Yanikian was born in Erzurum in 1895, at the height of the anti-Armenian massacres that had taken hold of the eastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire. His
Gourgen_Yanikian
Village in Siirt Province, Turkey
the chief of the tribe, Mijdad Agha, on 15 October 1895, amidst the Hamidian massacres, resulting in the killing of three men and a woman. However, an Armenian
Suludere,_Şirvan
Municipality in Elazığ, Turkey
by Armenian Dashnaks as a response to the Hamidian massacres, Turkish authorities organized a new massacre in the city of Ağın. Ottoman troops killed
Ağın
Village in Mardin Province, Turkey
Qalʿat al-Imraʾa was renovated in 1885. In 1895, upon learning of the massacres of Christians in the Diyarbekir vilayet, some villagers went to the Mor
Eskikale,_Artuklu
Village in Turkey
families. On 1 November 1895, Qarābāš was attacked by Kurds during the massacres in the Diyarbekir vilayet. Over two days, the Kurds pillaged and burned
Karabaş,_Sur
college, after graduation, he returned to Constantinople. After the Hamidian Massacres he fled Turkey to continue his university education in Paris. From
Yervant_Aghaton
Village in Turkey
inhabited by Syriac Orthodox Christians. The village was pillaged during the Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895). In 1914, the village was populated by 50 Syriacs
Sarıtoprak,_Bismil
Village in Siirt Province, Turkey
amidst the Hamidian massacres, the village was completely ruined and depopulated after it was plundered and its population was massacred and kidnapped
Dilektepe,_Baykan
Hungarian cardinal (1892–1975)
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
József_Mindszenty
Mexican Jesuit Priest, Martyr and Blessed
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Miguel_Pro
Burning or damaging Christian church and religious property
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
List_of_cases_of_church_arson
Armenian painter
sea. He returned to his native Trabzon in 1895 and witnessed the Hamidian massacres. He escaped first to Batum and then to Europe where he began exhibiting
Vartan_Makhokhian
Neighbourhood in Sur, Diyarbakır, Turkey
dues, and did not have a priest. The village was plundered during the Massacres of Diyarbekir (1895). It was located in the Diyarbakır central district
Büyükkadı,_Sur
Neighbourhood in Bağlar, Diyarbakır, Turkey
Quriāqōs and an Armenian church were pillaged in November 1895 during the massacres in the Diyarbekir vilayet. It was located in the Diyarbakır central district
Alipınar,_Bağlar
American actor (born 1953)
Lebanese, was reportedly killed by being crucified in 1895 during the Hamidian massacres committed against Christian Armenians in the Ottoman Empire. Shalhoub
Tony_Shalhoub
Differing views of what caused the Armenian genocide
thousands of Armenians were killed in the Hamidian massacres and in 1909, 17,000 were killed in the Adana massacre, and continued to be killed after World
Causes of the Armenian genocide
Causes_of_the_Armenian_genocide
Belgian anarchist (1876–1957)
directed against the Sultan Abdul Hamid II as a retribution for the Hamidian massacres. Through his anarchism, he took an interest in anticolonialism and
Edward_Joris
debate. The Armenian wartime losses of a million, the Adana massacres, and Hamidian massacres had been combined for the sake of what the commission at one
Casualties of the Armenian genocide
Casualties_of_the_Armenian_genocide
Metropolitan municipality in Turkey
prosperity. These communities no longer exist in the city due to the Hamidian massacres in 1895 and the Armenian genocide in 1915.[citation needed] Gaziantep
Gaziantep
assassinate Sultan Abdul Hamid II, the main figure responsible for the Hamidian massacres, which claimed the lives of 100,000 to 300,000 Armenians. After participating
Anna_Nellens
Doctor for refugees from the Armenian genocide
1876 in Kessab, Cilicia, Ottoman Empire (now Syria). He escaped the Hamidian massacres in his youth. He graduated from Long Island College Hospital (LICH)
Moses_Housepian
massacre Tự Đức's Catholic persecution Hamidian massacres Diyarbekir Candia massacre Boxer Rebellion Adana massacre Great Famine of Mount Lebanon Armenian
Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union
Persecution_of_Christians_in_the_Soviet_Union
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