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City in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Halabja (هەڵەبجە) is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq and the capital of Halabja Governorate, located about 240 km (150 mi) northeast of Baghdad
Halabja
1988 chemical attack in Iraqi Kurdistan
The Halabja massacre (Kurdish: کیمیابارانی ھەڵەبجە, romanized: Kêmyabarana Helebce) took place in Iraqi Kurdistan on 16 March 1988, when thousands of
Halabja_massacre
Governorate of the Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Halabja Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەڵەبجە, romanized: Parêzgay Helebceyê, Arabic: محافظة حلبجة, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Ḥalabja) is a governorate in
Halabja_Governorate
Topics referred to by the same term
Halabja District may refer to: Halabja, a district of the Halabja Governorate Halabja District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, a former district Halabja Governorate
Halabja_District
Topics referred to by the same term
Halabja is a city in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Halabja may also refer to: Halabja massacre, 1988 chemical attack done by Ba’athist Iraq Halabjay Taza
Halabja_(disambiguation)
Second-level administrative divisions of Iraq
governorates can form a federal region. Four governorates, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Halabja and Duhok, constitute the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region. Baghdad (which
Governorates_of_Iraq
Federal region of Iraq
Iraq: Erbil Governorate, Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Duhok Governorate, and Halabja Governorate. It is located in northern Iraq, which shares borders with
Kurdistan_Region
Operation targeting rural Kurdish civilians in 1988
Iranian troops and other Kurdish factions, captured Halabja. This led to the poison gas attack on Halabja on 16 March 1988, during which several thousand
Anfal_campaign
Town in Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
romanized: Helebcey Taze, lit. 'New Halabja'), also known as Halabja Taza or Sharazoor and formerly known as Saddam's Halabja, is a town in the Sulaymaniyah
Halabjay_Taza
Stadium in Iraq
Halabja Stadium (Kurdish: یاریگای ھەڵەبجە, Arabic: ملعب حلبجة) is a multi-purpose stadium in Halabja, Northern Iraq. It is currently used mostly for football
Halabja_Stadium
Public university in Iraqi Kurdistan
of Halabja, orUoH (زانكۆى ههڵهبجه in Kurdish) is one of the Iraqi Kurdistan public universities founded in 2011 in the city of Halabja, Halabja Governorate
University_of_Halabja
The Halabja Martyrs Monument is a commemorative site and museum located in Halabja, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It was established in 2003 to honour
Halabja_Martyrs_Monument
Place
of Sirwan District in of Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It is located approximately 8 km northwest of Halabja city, at an elevation of
Sirwan_(town)
Iraqi Kurdish politician
politician who serves as the Acting Governor of Halabja since 2025. She previously served as Mayor of Halabja in Iraqi Kurdistan from 2016. She is the second
Nuxsha_Nasih
Governorate of Iraq
Iraq. Its capital and largest city is Sulaymaniyah. Halabja Governorate was formerly the Halabja District of Sulaymaniyah, until it became a separate
Sulaymaniyah_Governorate
City in Halabja, Iraq
romanized: Tewêle); is a small town in Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, about 34 km east of Halabja. It is the home of the Sheikhs of Tavil
Tawella
Kurdish Chief Judge
prison sentences. Abd al-Rahman is an ethnic Kurd from Halabja, the site of the 1988 Halabja poison gas attack. He replaced Rizgar Mohammed Amin as chief
Rauf_Rashid_Abd_al-Rahman
President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003
Thousands die in Halabja gas attack". BBC News. Archived from the original on 10 February 2018. Retrieved 28 August 2013. "Halabja, the massacre the
Saddam_Hussein
Fatal 7.3 Mw earthquake near the Iran–Iraq border
of 7.4 occurred on the Iran–Iraq border, with the Iraqi Kurdish city of Halabja, and the Kurdish dominated places of Ezgeleh, Salas-e Babajani County,
2017_Iran–Iraq_earthquake
District in Kurdistan, Iraq
Halabja District was a district of the Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Kurdistan Region. In March 2014 the district was raised from district status to governorate
Halabja District, Sulaymaniyah Governorate
Halabja_District,_Sulaymaniyah_Governorate
Political party in Iraq
Scholars" group. The party's main support comes from in and around the town of Halabja. In the 1992 Kurdistan Region parliamentary election, the party received
Kurdistan_Islamic_Movement
1988 Iran–Iraq War operation
disaster for the Kurds. Saddam responded with a chemical gas attack on Halabja. The Halabja poison gas attack occurred in the period 15–19 March 1988 during
Operation_Zafar_7
Country in West Asia
of Iraq exhibiting its eighteen governorates, and partially recognized Halabja. Dohuk Nineveh Erbil Kirkuk Sulaymaniyah Saladin Al Anbar Baghdad Diyala
Iraq
Kurdish Islamic scholar and politician
Osman Abdulaziz was born in 1922 in the village of Prisi Saroo close to Halabja to a religious Sunni Kurd family. His father, Abdulaziz, was the Imam of
Osman_Abdulaziz
Former unrecognized Islamic state in Iraqi Kurdistan
کوردستان) was an unrecognized and independent Kurdish state located in the Halabja Governorate, established in the aftermath of the Gulf War. It had been
Islamic_Emirate_of_Kurdistan
Iraqi politician
Kurdish: محەمەدی حاجی مەحمود) known as "Kaka Hama" born in 1953, Khurmal, Halabja, Slemani, Kingdom of Iraq is an Iraqi Kurdish politician. he is the leader
Mohammed_Haji_Mahmoud
1988 Iranian offensive of the Iran–Iraq War
chemically bombard Halabja the next day, killing thousands of civilians and destroying the town. Operation Beit ol-Moqaddas 4 Halabja massacre "Shahid Qahreman
Operation_Dawn_10
Kurdish internecine conflict (1994–1997)
forced to retreat from areas where it had previously held power Mostly Halabja and Sharazur due to the PUK's military strength and strategic advantages
Iraqi_Kurdish_Civil_War
Battle between Ansar al-Islam and PUK
ambush on the PUK by Ansar al-Islam in the village of Kheli Hama in the Halabja Governorate. It took place 13 days after the September 11 attacks, although
Battle_of_Kheli_Hama
1990–1991 conflict in the Middle East
of Iraq Iran–Iraq War Invasion of Iran Dujail massacre Anfal campaign Halabja massacre Invasion of Kuwait Gulf War missile attacks Israel Saudi Arabia
Gulf_War
Kurdish Islamic scholar and politician
Movement. He was born on December 28, 1929, in the village of Prisi Saroo in Halabja to a religious family. At the age of seven, he studied the Qur'an and Sharia
Ali_Abdulaziz_Halabji
Kurdish Islamist rebels
1992. Shortly before the Halabja massacre, Saddam Hussein cracked down on Kurdish Islamic scholars, which led them to flee Halabja and go to Iran, where
Kurdish_mujahideen
Domestic security agency of the Kurdistan Region
Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), which mainly operates in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja. The Asayish coordinates and shares information with its sister organization
Asayish_(Kurdistan_Region)
Iraqi use of chemical weapons during the Iran–Iraq War
Iraqi Kurds as part of the Anfal campaign in the late 1980s. The 1988 Halabja massacre in Iraqi Kurdistan, which killed at least 3,200 people, is considered
Iraqi chemical attacks against Iran
Iraqi_chemical_attacks_against_Iran
Iraqi military officer and politician (1941–2010)
April 1987 and continued into 1988, culminating in the notorious attack on Halabja in which over 5,000 people were killed. With Kurdish resistance continuing
Ali_Hassan_al-Majid
Chemical compound and chemical warfare nerve agent
Soberanía took place. March 1988: Halabja chemical attack; Over two days in March, the ethnic Kurdish city of Halabja in northern Iraq (population 70,000)
Sarin
Dutch activist, journalist and writer
Santa Cruz in 1988. A Poisonous Affair: America, Iraq, and the Gassing of Halabja Cambridge University Press (2007) ISBN 978-0521876865 Behind the Intifada:
Joost_Hiltermann
US diplomatic mission in the Kurdistan Region
four provinces of the Kurdistan Region (Erbil, Sulaimaniyah, Duhok, and Halabja) and houses political, economic, consular, public diplomacy, management
Consulate General of the United States in Erbil
Consulate_General_of_the_United_States_in_Erbil
Iranian photojournalist (1950-2003)
and artist. In 1988 he took the first pictures of the aftermath of the Halabja chemical attack during the Iran–Iraq War. Golestan was the son of the Iranian
Kaveh_Golestan
District in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Taqtaq_District
District in Iraq
to include Bamo Subdistrict. In 2015, this subdistrict joined Halabja District (Halabja Governorate). The Alwand River runs through Khanaqin District
Khanaqin_District_(Diyala)
districts (qada). Four of the governorates (Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Duhok, and Halabja) are part of the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region. Districts are divided
Subdistricts_of_Iraq
Offensively and genocidally used chemical weapons
Kurdish civilians during the 1988 Anfal campaign (as evidenced by the Halabja massacre), which resulted in the deaths of as many as 100,000 people, according
Iraqi chemical weapons program
Iraqi_chemical_weapons_program
Place in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
romanized: Bemo) is a district in the Halabja Governorate, Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Formerly a sub-district (nahiyah) of Halabja District within Sulaymaniyah
Bamo_District
City in Najaf, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Kufa
employed chemical weapons against Kurdish civilians, most notably in the Halabja chemical attack of 1988, which resulted in thousands of deaths and drew
Kurdish involvement in the Iran–Iraq War
Kurdish_involvement_in_the_Iran–Iraq_War
982 52 Fayda Nineveh 57,610 69,001 53 Akre Duhok 55,691 68,093 54 Halabja Halabja 55,588 67,190 55 Hit Al Anbar 54,055 66,657 56 Kasnazan Erbil 54,391
List of largest cities of Iraq
List_of_largest_cities_of_Iraq
University SPU, Sulaimani University of Zakho, Zakho University of Halabja, Halabja University of Garmian, Kalar University of Kurdistan Hewlêr, Erbil
List of universities in Kurdistan Region
List_of_universities_in_Kurdistan_Region
Policy of the Turkish state
genocide Sinjar massacre Kobanî massacre 2021 Konya massacre Anfal campaign Halabja massacre Persecution of Feyli Kurds under Saddam Hussein See also Place
Denial_of_Kurds_by_Turkey
Town in Kurdistan, Iraq
(Kurdish: ناوچەی بیاره, romanized: Nawçey Biyare) is a district in the Halabja Governorate, in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. It spans the mountainous
Byara_District
Including 4 governorates in the autonomous Kurdistan Region (counting Halabja). Israeli designation for the West Bank. The West Bank (including East
List of administrative divisions by country
List_of_administrative_divisions_by_country
2001 film
director Jano Rosebiani. Diyar, a Kurdish-American returns to his hometown of Halabja, to build an orphanage five years after the chemical bombing. There, he
Jiyan
City in Saladin, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Tikrit
were also targeted; between 3,200 and 5,000 people were killed in the Halabja massacre. The attacks were led by Ali Hassan al-Majid, using mustard gas
Iraq and weapons of mass destruction
Iraq_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
City in the Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Choman,_Iraq
Town in Wasit Province, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Al-Aziziyah_(Iraq)
Anti-Saddam Hussein revolts of the Iran–Iraq War
against the Kurdish minority, which took place in 1988 and included the Halabja chemical attack. The Al-Anfal campaign ended with an agreement of amnesty
1983–1986 Kurdish rebellions in Iraq
1983–1986_Kurdish_rebellions_in_Iraq
Town in Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Taqtaq,_Iraq
Chemical compound
Kheibar occurred in that period and area. Tabun was also used in the 1988 Halabja chemical attack. Producing or stockpiling tabun was banned by the 1993
Tabun_(nerve_agent)
City in Basque Country, Spain
court. This is the most popular form of the sport. Berga, Catalonia, Spain Halabja, Kurdistan Region, Iraq Pforzheim, Germany Boise, Idaho, United States
Guernica
District in Al Muthanna Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
As-Samawah_District
1988 Iran–Iraq War operation
Halabja Province; whose part of it (axis of Halabja-Shakhshemiran) was involved of "Beitol Moqaddas-4 operation"
Operation_Beit_ol-Moqaddas_4
Kurdish poet and translator
Abdullah Goran (Kurdish: عەبدوڵڵا گۆران, b. in 1904 in Halabja, Ottoman Empire, d. 1962 in Sulaymaniyah, Iraqi Kurdistan) was a leading Kurdish poet and
Abdullah_Goran
Deportations from Turkish Kurdistan
genocide Sinjar massacre Kobanî massacre 2021 Konya massacre Anfal campaign Halabja massacre Persecution of Feyli Kurds under Saddam Hussein See also Place
Deportations of Kurds (1916–1934)
Deportations_of_Kurds_(1916–1934)
Device that uses chemicals to kill or harm individuals
used mustard gas and nerve agents against its own civilians in the 1988 Halabja chemical attack. The Cuban intervention in Angola saw limited use of organophosphates
Chemical_weapon
Princess of the Jaff tribe
She married Kurdish King Osman Pasha Jaff, whose headquarters was in Halabja. Her husband Osman Pasha Jaff, was a Pasha and she ruled in his place at
Lady_Adela
Political party in Iran
Cities Tanker War Beit-ol-Moqaddas 2 Beit-ol-Moqaddas 7 Anfal Campaign (Halabja) Zafar 7 Tawakalna ala Allah (2nd al-Faw) Shining Sun Forty Stars Eternal
People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran
People's_Mojahedin_Organization_of_Iran
City in Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Zakho
Town in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
Byara (Kurdish: بیارە, romanized: Biyare) is a town located in the Halabja Governorate of the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. It is the main town of Byara District
Byara
City in Al Anbar, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Fallujah
History of chemical weapons in war
chemical attacks beginning in 1983." In March 1988, the Iraqi Kurdish town of Halabja was exposed to multiple chemical agents dropped from warplanes; these "may
History_of_chemical_warfare
Iranian photojournalist (born 1958)
the Halabja massacre made him famous. He took the infamous photo of Omar Khawar. His last street exhibition was held 21 years after the Halabja tragedy
Ahmad_Nateghi
2300–675 BC Ancient Near Eastern group of tribes
identified their city Lulubuna or Luluban with the region's modern town of Halabja. The early Sumerian legend Lugalbanda and the Anzud Bird, set in the reign
Lullubi
of Iraq Iran–Iraq War Invasion of Iran Dujail massacre Anfal campaign Halabja massacre Invasion of Kuwait Gulf War missile attacks Israel Saudi Arabia
Iraqi_strikes_on_Saudi_Arabia
using chemical weapons and gas against the Kurds during the bombings of Halabja in northern Iraq. "The Kurds, a non-Arab people whose language belongs
Racism_in_the_Arab_world
City in Saladin Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Samarra
City in Karbala Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Karbala
City in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq
region. Artists from Kurdish cities, such as Duhok, Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, Halabja, and Kirkuk participated in the exhibition. Duhok is home to many museums
Duhok
Third-level administrative divisions of Iraq
District (Mawat) Qaradagh District (Qaradagh) Halabja Governorate is part of Kurdistan Region. Halabja Sirwan Khurmal District (Khurmal) Byara District
Districts_of_Iraq
President of Syria from 2000 to 2024
Retrieved 15 April 2015. "Syria gas attack: death toll at 1,400 worst since Halabja". The Week. 22 August 2013. Archived from the original on 25 August 2013
Bashar_al-Assad
Chemical compound and chemical warfare nerve agent
combination of chemical agents having been used by Iraq against the Kurds in the Halabja chemical attack in 1988 under Saddam Hussein, including VX. Hussein later
VX_(nerve_agent)
Member of Kurdistan Parliament
of the Kurdistan Justice Group (KJG). He was born in 1977 in Hawraman, Halabja Governorate, Iraq. Gulpi holds a Bachelor's degree in Statistics and an
Omar_Gulpi
(Human Rights Watch Report, 1993)". www.hrw.org. Retrieved 2025-04-17. "Halabja, Chemical Weapons and the Genocide Against the Kurds: Implications for
List of massacres of Kurdish people
List_of_massacres_of_Kurdish_people
List of the cities in the Kurdistan Region in Iraq
Erbil Soran, سۆران 126,028 Shaqlawa Erbil Şeqllawe, شەقڵاوە 159,628 Halabja Halabja Hellebce, ههڵهبجه 131,831 Rawandiz Erbil Řewandiz, ڕەواندز 52,399
List of cities in the Kurdistan Region
List_of_cities_in_the_Kurdistan_Region
Copy of the Islamic holy book owned by Saddam Hussein
of Iraq Iran–Iraq War Invasion of Iran Dujail massacre Anfal campaign Halabja massacre Invasion of Kuwait Gulf War missile attacks Israel Saudi Arabia
Blood_Quran
Day (Iraqi Kurdistan only) 13 March: Liberation of Duhok City 16 March: Halabja Remembrance Day 20 March: Liberation of Kirkuk City 1 April: Assyrian New
Public_holidays_in_Iraq
Place in Diyala Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Baqubah
American politician, activist (born 1998)
and fled the regime of Saddam Hussein. Her father's family survived the Halabja chemical attack in 1988. She attended Boston College, where she received
Naren_Briar
Place in Diyala Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Bismayah_New_City
Secretary-General of the Kurdistan Islamic Union
محمد بهاء الدين صادق) (born July 1, 1950, in Tawela, a town referring to Halabja) is a Kurdish Iraqi politician. He is a graduate of The House of Teachers
Salahaddin_Bahaaddin
survivors of the Saddam Hussein regime’s 1988 chemical weapons attack in Halabja in Iraqi Kuristan. The complaint alleges that GMH and Auchi is a co-conspirator
General_Mediterranean_Holding
Town in Diyala Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Qara_Tapa
District in Kurdistan Region, Iraq
سیروان, romanized: Qezay Sîrwan, Arabic: قضاء سيروان) is a district of the Halabja Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Its center is the town of Sirwan
Sirwan_District
Spouse of the President of France from 1981 to 1995
associations which had been established in 1981. In July 1992, on her way to Halabja in support of the Kurds, she was involved in a car bomb in Iraqi Kurdistan;
Danielle_Mitterrand
Iraqi Kurdish musician
Jaff was born in Baghdad to a Kurdish father from the Jaff family of Halabja who was also a diplomat, and a mother of Tatar Turkish descent. She began
Tara_Jaff
Iranic ethnic group
Hewraman region, who controlled the region between Marivan and north of Halabja. A short-lived Soviet-sponsored Kurdish Republic of Mahabad (January to
Kurds
with Baghdad in 1988 after Iraq used chemical weapons against Kurds in Halabja and then forced Kurdish villagers to... van Bruinessen, Martin (15 August
List of wars involving Iran (after 1979)
List_of_wars_involving_Iran_(after_1979)
District in Nineveh, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Sinjar_District
City in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq
District (Soran) Taqtaq District (Taqtaq) Halabja Governorate Byara District (Byara) Halabja District (Halabja) Khurmal District (Khurmal) Sirwan District
Mosul
Kurdish foreign intelligence agency
conflict Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013) Geography Kurdistan Erbil (Hewlêr) Halabja (Helebce) Dohuk (Dihok) Sulaymaniyah (Slêmanî) Disputed territories Politics
Parastin_u_Zanyari
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