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Biological concept
Germ plasm (German: Keimplasma) is a biological concept developed in the 19th century by the German biologist August Weismann. It states that heritable
Germ_plasm
Research paradigm in behavioural genetics
biologist August Weismann proposed in his germ plasm theory that heritable information is transmitted only via germ cells, which he thought contained determinants
Biological_determinism
Gamete-producing cell
primordial germ cells before this hypothesis on the evolution of germ plasm can be backed by strong evidence. Primordial germ cells, germ cells that still
Germ_cell
German evolutionary biologist (1834–1914)
first Professor of Zoology at Freiburg. His main contribution involved germ plasm theory, at one time also known as Weismannism, according to which inheritance
August_Weismann
de Vries wondered what the nature of germ plasm might be, and in particular he wondered whether or not germ plasm was mixed like paint or whether the information
History_of_genetics
Fusion of natural selection with Mendelian inheritance
Theorie der Vererbung ("The Germ Plasm: a Theory of Inheritance"), was that the hereditary material, which he called the germ plasm, and the rest of the body
Modern synthesis (20th century)
Modern_synthesis_(20th_century)
Explanation of the flow of genetic information within a biological system
August Weismann in 1892, distinguishes between the "immortal" germ cell lineages (the germ plasm) which produce gametes and the "disposable" somatic cells
Central dogma of molecular biology
Central_dogma_of_molecular_biology
Scientific hypothesis about inheritance
pointed out, these ideas were not original to Lamarck. August Weismann's germ plasm theory held that germline cells in the gonads contain information that
Lamarckism
Distinction between germ cell lineages producing gametes and somatic cells
Vererbung″ (German for The Germ Plasm: a theory of inheritance). The use of this theory, commonly in the context of the germ plasm theory of the late 19th
Weismann_barrier
Topics referred to by the same term
that fills cells, suspends and protects organelles Germ plasm, a zone in the cytoplasm determining germ cells Germplasm, a collection of genetic resources
Plasma
Period when evolution was widely accepted, but natural selection was not
experimental work of the German biologist August Weismann resulted in the germ plasm theory of inheritance. This led him to declare that inheritance of acquired
The_eclipse_of_Darwinism
Used to describe the combination of natural selection and genetics
rejection of Lamarckism was Weismann's germ plasm theory. Weismann realised that the cells that produce the germ plasm, or gametes (such as sperm and eggs
Neo-Darwinism
Pseudoscientific Soviet biological theory
implying that changing the body can affect the genetic material in the germ line. To these Marxists, a "neo-Lamarckism" was deemed more compatible with
Lysenkoism
Darwin's proposed mechanism for heredity
Theorie der Vererbung (The Germ Plasm: a Theory of Inheritance), was that the hereditary material, which he called the germ plasm, and the rest of the body
Pangenesis
Composite of the organism's observable characteristics or traits
that proposed by August Weismann (1834–1914), who distinguished between germ plasm (heredity) and somatic cells (the body). More recently in The Selfish
Phenotype
How an animal develops its sexual-reproduction cells
germ plasm from other cells. The germ plasm effectively turns off gene expression to render the genome of the cell inert. Cells expressing germ plasm become
Germline_development
American biologist and eugenicist (1866–1944)
the germ plasm that I carry; that this has been passed on to me through thousands of generations before me; and that I betray the trust if (that germ plasm
Charles_Davenport
Process in developmental biology
the early embryo via inheritance of germ plasm (a mixture of RNA and protein often associated with mitochondria). Germ cells from these four locations will
Primordial germ cell migration
Primordial_germ_cell_migration
Obsolete theory of genetics
he called the germ plasm, confined to the gonads and independent of the rest of the body (the soma). In Weismann's view, the germ plasm formed the body
Blending_inheritance
Industrial city in Tamil Nadu, India
was established in 1991 to protect and conserve mulberry and silkworm germ plasm resources. In July 2019, the government announced the construction of
Hosur
Accumulation of mutations
and epimutations in somatic cells (the cells of a body, as opposed to germ plasm and stem cells) during a lifetime, and the effects of those mutations
Somatic_evolution_in_cancer
French naturalist (1744–1829)
Weismann in the 1880s when he developed a theory of inheritance in which germ plasm (the sex cells, later redefined as DNA), remained separate and distinct
Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck
English eugenicist and polymath (1857–1936)
with inferior races." He reasoned that, if August Weismann's theory of germ plasm is correct, the nation is wasting money when it tries to improve people
Karl_Pearson
Francisco de Melo Palheta smuggled seeds, still essentially from the germ plasm originally taken from Yemen to Batavia, from French Guiana. By the 1800s
History_of_coffee
American group
type. These germ plasms have now spread through the whole middle west and are continuing to spread the anti-social trait of their germ plasm with no check
Ben-Ishmael_Tribe
2013 in Uttar Pradesh to surpass the low availability of high yielding germ plasm animals in Uttar Pradesh. Its Kamdhenu, Mini Kamdhenu and Micro Kamdhenu
Kamdhenu_Yojna
Variety of sweet basil
Organization, and commercialized by Genesis Seeds. The first resistant germ plasm was identified in Israel, by Reuveni et al. 1997 (3), Agricultural Research
Nufar_basil
Small particle, often in plants
Today, the nuage is accepted to represent a characteristic, electrondense germ plasm organelle encapsulating the cytoplasmic face of the nuclear envelope of
Granule_(cell_biology)
American lawyer and politician (1857–1938)
the conclusion that the ability to read intelligently denotes a good germ-plasm and desirable citizens I cannot say," he wrote. Darrow also criticized
Clarence_Darrow
French biologist (born 1955)
pole. After proper localization, oskar RNA is translated and organizes germ plasm by recruiting other proteins such as Vasa. Her lab's current research
Anne_Ephrussi
rhetoric, these concerns were connected to racist theories about the "German germ plasm". Measures protecting non-smokers (especially children and mothers) from
Anti-tobacco movement in Nazi Germany
Anti-tobacco_movement_in_Nazi_Germany
Genetic material of an organism
Resources for Food and Agriculture Plant genetic resources Seed saving Germ plasm Day-Rubenstein, K and Heisey, P. 2003. Plant Genetic Resources: New Rules
Germplasm
Medical condition
was proposed by Streeter in 1930. This theory implicates an anomaly in germ plasm resulting in the defects. This theory is reinforced by the clinical presentation
Constriction_ring_syndrome
English biologist and philosopher (1887–1975)
this argument several times: "no one doubts the wisdom of managing the germ plasm of agricultural stocks, so why not apply the same concept to human stocks
Julian_Huxley
German embryologist (1869–1941)
recovering from tuberculosis, Spemann read August Weismann's book The Germ Plasm: A Theory of Heredity. He wrote in his autobiography: "I found here a
Hans_Spemann
Number of sets of chromosomes of a cell
Strasburger based the terms on August Weismann's conception of the id (or germ plasm), hence haplo-id and diplo-id. The two terms were brought into the English
Ploidy
Gene required for the development of the Drosophila embryo
oocyte. oskar plays role in recruiting other germ line genes to the germ plasm for PGC (primordial germ cell) specification. oskar mRNA locates to the
Oskar_(gene)
American art collector
are encoded not in DNA but in the patterned structure of a primordial germ plasm. However, critics have stated that Pivar's proposed developmental sequences
Stuart_Pivar
Skepticism of the claimed benefits of globalization
all but the profitable seed varieties there is a significant loss of germ plasm. The Garden Seed Inventory has listed all commercially available, non-hybrid
Criticisms_of_globalization
Network of institutions conserving genetic material
program for conservation of crop germ plasm (1971). Burgess, Sam (ed.). The National program for conservation of crop germ plasm; a progress report on Federal/State
National Plant Germplasm System
National_Plant_Germplasm_System
Apparent purposefulness brought about by natural processes
says, 'The existence of complex codes of information in the DNA of the germ plasm permits teleonomic purposiveness. On the other hand, evolutionary research
Teleonomy
United States federal agency
and parasites harmful to honeybees, as well as genetically undesirable germ plasm and undesirable bee species. Animal quarantine laws: 21 U.S.C. § 101 allows
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
Animal_and_Plant_Health_Inspection_Service
Cell type in fruit fly development
at the polar ends of the Drosophila egg, which begin the adult germ cells. Pole plasm functions to bud the pole cells, as well as restore fertilization
Pole_cell
20th-century global conferences
propagated compulsory sterilization as the best method to cut off “defective germ-plasm”. In the final address, Major Darwin extolled eugenics as the practical
International Eugenics Conference
International_Eugenics_Conference
1975 novel by Joanna Russ
him to appease her family. Davy is Jael's male automaton. His "original germ-plasm" is described as chimpanzee, but he resembles a beautiful young man. Devoid
The_Female_Man
1868 book by Charles Darwin
later abbreviated to "gene". In a similar vein, Weismann in his 1893 work Germ-Plasm said "although Darwin modestly described his theory as a provisional hypothesis
The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication
The_Variation_of_Animals_and_Plants_Under_Domestication
Indian botanist
center from 1996 to 2000 (after retiring from ANGRAU) He developed 500 germ-plasm lines for use in cotton breeding program. During this time he developed
Kaderbad_Ravindranath
State-recognized tribe in Vermont, US
and to Report on the Best Practical Means for Cutting Off the Defective Germ-Plasm in the Human Population." In 2021, the State of Vermont and the University
Nulhegan Band of the Coosuk Abenaki Nation
Nulhegan_Band_of_the_Coosuk_Abenaki_Nation
Species of lizard
G. L. (1946). The Sterilizing Effect of High Temperature on the Male Germ-Plasm of the Yucca Night Lizard, Xantusia vigilis. The American Naturalist,
Desert_night_lizard
Development organisation
Pragya developed cultivation protocols through rigorous research at their Germ plasm banks and 13 nurseries. Support for market linkages were provided to women's
Pragya
List of alternatives to Darwinian natural selection
experimental work of the German biologist August Weismann resulted in the germ plasm theory of inheritance, which Weismann said made the inheritance of acquired
Alternatives to Darwinian evolution
Alternatives_to_Darwinian_evolution
Significance of the peppered moth in evolutionary biology
Instead he proposed that pollutants could cause changes to the soma and germ plasm of the organism. In 1925, K. Hasebroek made an early attempt to prove
Peppered_moth_evolution
Breed of chicken
gretek (fast), slow, and disco. "Study of Body Dimension of Gaga' Chicken, Germ Plasm of Local Chicken From South Sulawesi-Indonesia" (PDF). ijpaes.com. International
Ayam_Ketawa
Botanical garden in Hyderabad, India
the facility of a modern botanical garden to conserve and develop the germ plasm and to educate the people. The garden is spread over 270 acres (1.1 km2)
Hyderabad_Botanical_Garden
National park in Vietnam
arid in Vietnam, so the vegetation also has high value as a source of germ plasm for restoring other areas that become drier or are affected by sea level
Núi_Chúa_National_Park
American biologist
A.; Gavis, Elizabeth R. (2011-03-22). "Transport of Germ Plasm on Astral Microtubules Directs Germ Cell Development in Drosophila". Current Biology. 21
Elizabeth_Gavis
Canadian Agronomist
breeding other crops such as several wheat cultivars. She also provided germ plasm and expertise to projects in oat genomics. Mitchell Fetch has collaborated
Jennifer_Mitchell_Fetch
Bacterial disease of corn
"Stewart's Wilt Reactions of an International Collection of Zea mays Germ Plasm Inoculated with Erwinia stewartii". Plant Disease. 84 (8): 901–906. doi:10
Stewart's_wilt
Description of mitochondrion by Richard Altmann 1892: Weismann barrier and germ plasm by August Weismann 1908: Hardy–Weinberg principle by Wilhelm Weinberg
List of German inventions and discoveries
List_of_German_inventions_and_discoveries
Plant genetic resources materials and uses
materials". The term originates from germ plasm, August Weismann's theory that heritable information is transmitted only by germ cells, and which has been superseded
Plant_genetic_resources
American physician and writer
defects and lowered fertility. He stated that their deterioration included "germ plasm injury" causing them to pass acquired anatomical defects to their offspring
Francis_M._Pottenger_Jr.
Book by Heinrich Ernst Ziegler
received his doctorate in 1882. Weismann is known for his germ plasm theory which posits that germ cells are not affected by changes of somatic cells during
Der Begriff des Instinktes einst und jetzt
Der_Begriff_des_Instinktes_einst_und_jetzt
American pathologist
IMMORTALITY OF THE GERM PLASM AND THE CREATIVE * PROGRESSIVE EVOLUTION OF LIFE * IN THE VARIABILITY OF THE VALUE OF THE GERM PLASM THROUGH HEREDITY &
Aldred_Scott_Warthin
Scientific study of roundworms
Mendelian heredity, and Boveri (1893) showed evidence for continuity of the germ plasm and that the soma may be regarded as a by-product without influence upon
Nematology
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
2003). "Conservation of a Pumilio-Nanos complex from Drosophila germ plasm to human germ cells". Development Genes and Evolution. 213 (3): 120–6. doi:10
NANOS1
Austrian bacteriologist (1853–1927)
alcoholism and sexually transmitted diseases for the degradation of human germ plasm and society and advocated for eugenics, observing that medicine and hygiene
Max_von_Gruber
Anthropological museum in Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh
architecture, with urban and country planning, in and ex situ preservation of germ-plasm in minor forest timber produce, viable patterns of water and physical
Indira Gandhi Rashtriya Manav Sangrahalaya
Indira_Gandhi_Rashtriya_Manav_Sangrahalaya
"Practice of breeding plants against drought-induced impacts"
provides practical advantages, specially when managing large amount of germ-plasms. Usually ideotypes are developed to create an ideal plant variety. The
Breeding for drought stress tolerance
Breeding_for_drought_stress_tolerance
Short story by L. Sprague de Camp
radiation, and his device, never deactivated, has continued to affect the germ plasm of any who wander near it, until their altered descendants have finally
The_Blue_Giraffe
RNA binding protein
member of the DEAD box family of proteins. The vasa gene is essential for germ cell development and was first identified in Drosophila melanogaster, but
Vasa_gene
Variety of citrus fruit
pomelo trees were felled. The Department of Horticulture is collecting germ plasm of the fruit to preserve its novelty and promote cultivation. The Department
Devanahalli_pomelo
Italian entomologist (1848–1925)
March 2010. Retrieved 22 May 2022. Dröscher, Ariane (1 January 2015). "Of germ-plasm and zymoplasm: August Weismann, Carlo Emery and the debate about the transmission
Carlo_Emery
German naturalist and hygienist
he suggested a hypothesis in explanation of heredity, resembling the germ plasm theory subsequently elaborated by August Weismann, to the effect that
Gustav_Jäger_(naturalist)
Motion system of a type of eukaryotic organism
are on the four sides, three each. Since the work of August Weismann on germ-plasm theory in biology and of Julian Huxley on the nature of the individual
Protist_locomotion
Month of 1914
Died: August Weismann, 80, German evolutionary biologist, developed the germ plasm theory (b. 1834)[citation needed] Eulalio Gutiérrez was declared President
November_1914
German-American psychiatrist
inherited (genetic 'taint') and prenatally acquired (through injury to 'germ plasm') types, resulting in a disposition towards mental disorder or a reduced
Karl_Birnbaum
American investor, entrepreneur, and businessperson
Harold Olmo, and assistance (and vines) from the staff of the National Germ Plasm Repository[failed verification] he bred and developed a new family of
Lucian_W._Dressel
them. After submitting the details, they need to bring the animals at Germ Plasm Market Place for public view. There is a host of services on sale. Interested
Epashuhaat
American biologist
of Pennsylvania. Di Berardino, Marie A. (1961). "Investigations of the germ-plasm in relation to nuclear transplantation". Development. 9 (3): 507–513.
Marie_A._DiBerardino
Indian scientist
pepper to increase the productivity of the crop. He also assembled a large germ plasm collection of black pepper and developed infrastructure of Pepper Research
P._K._Venugopalan_Nambiar
Anti-alcohol organization advocating for global Prohibition
and supporters of the WLAA saw alcohol as "the poisoning of the body, germ-plasm, mind, conduct and society". The WLAA was formed in Washington, D.C.,
World League Against Alcoholism
World_League_Against_Alcoholism
British politician
structure" of the organism which influence the psychic structure of the germ plasm. In 1879 he married Florence Kelly of Shanklin, Isle of Wight. His son
William_Robert_Bousfield
Genes and regulatory proteins
proteins in germ-line determination is due to their capacity to interact with miRNAs. Components of the miRNA pathway appear to be present in pole plasm and to
Piwi
British marine biologist and zoologist
hormones transferred from one generation to the next independent of the germ plasm was seen at the time by neo-Lamarckians as a plausible hypothesis, however
Joseph_Thomas_Cunningham
American botanist
development of the colony in Gonium, 1912 Some current conceptions of the germ plasm, 1912 Cleavage in Didymium mclanospermum, 1914 Physical factors in cleavage
Robert_Almer_Harper
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(2004). "Conservation of a Pumilio-Nanos complex from Drosophila germ plasm to human germ cells". Dev. Genes Evol. 213 (3): 120–6. doi:10.1007/s00427-003-0303-2
PUM2
Largest class of small non-coding RNA molecules in animals
but can also be involved in the regulation of other genetic elements in germ line cells. piRNAs are mostly created from loci that function as transposon
Piwi-interacting_RNA
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