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Deliberate and large-scale intervention in Earth's climate system
alpine ice—are also sometimes classified as forms of geoengineering. Some types of geoengineering present political, social and ethical issues. One common
Geoengineering
Type of solar radiation modification
Stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI) is a proposed method of solar geoengineering (or solar radiation modification) to reduce global warming. This would
Stratospheric aerosol injection
Stratospheric_aerosol_injection
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up geoengineering in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Geoengineering (climate engineering) is deliberate large-scale interventions in the Earth's
Geoengineering (disambiguation)
Geoengineering_(disambiguation)
Large-scale methods to reflect sunlight and cool Earth
removal as "geoengineering") are the most prominent: Geoengineering to be regulated as a public good; Public participation in geoengineering decision making;
Solar_radiation_modification
Proposed climate interventions to slow glacier and ice sheet loss
Glacial geoengineering is a set of proposed geoengineering approaches that focus on slowing the loss of glaciers, ice sheets, and sea ice in polar regions
Glacial_geoengineering
2021 novel by Neal Stephenson
significantly altered human society and follows the attempts of a solar geoengineering scheme. The novel focuses on the geopolitical and social consequences
Termination_Shock_(novel)
Conspiracy theory about contrails
often attend events and conferences on geoengineering, and have sent threats to academics working in geoengineering. Some chemtrail believers adopt the notions
Chemtrail_conspiracy_theory
Anion of sulfur with 4 oxygen atoms
the 1990s, if not earlier, stratospheric aerosol injection as a solar geoengineering method is best associated with Paul Crutzen's detailed 2006 proposal
Sulfate
Repository of biological samples used for research
A biobank is a type of biorepository that stores biological specimens (usually human) for use in research. Biobanks have become an important resource in
Biobank
American solar geoengineering company
a New Form of Solar Geoengineering. Wired. Originally published in (March 17, 2025). How One Company Wants to Make Geoengineering Profitable. Undark Magazine
Stardust_Solutions
Influencing a planet's global environments
31 October 2021. Retrieved 1 November 2021. "Proposed Geoengineering Technologies". Geoengineering Monitor. Archived from the original on 3 November 2021
Planetary_engineering
San Francisco Bay Area–based author and futurist
been a contributor to discussions about the ethics and practicality of geoengineering since 2005. In 2009, he self-published a collection of his essays under
Jamais_Cascio
Climate engineering geoengineering topics related to greenhouse gas remediation include: Solar radiation management Stratospheric aerosol injection (climate
List of climate engineering topics
List_of_climate_engineering_topics
Form of climate engineering
pre-existing food production systems) compared to other forms of geoengineering, bio-geoengineering has been argued to offer multiple advantages and much fewer
Bio-geoengineering
Void between celestial bodies
intrusive geoengineering approach", Energy, 152: 27, Bibcode:2018Ene...152...27Z, doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.03.084, An alternative, third geoengineering approach
Outer_space
American physicist
published another overview of geoengineering in 2000, describing it in terms of moral hazard and setting geoengineering in the context of the post-war
David_Keith_(physicist)
Removal of atmospheric carbon dioxide through human activity
contexts, greenhouse gas removal means carbon dioxide removal. The term geoengineering (or climate engineering) is sometimes used in the scientific literature
Carbon_dioxide_removal
Favor of technology to fight environmental threats
less lighting. Liao argues that human engineering is less risky than geoengineering. Genetically modified foods have reduced the amount of herbicide and
Technogaianism
TV series or program
experiment with radical ideas to slow and/or stop global warming using geoengineering methods. The show consists of eight experiments to weigh pros and cons
Project_Earth_(TV_series)
Form of climate engineering
geoengineering options" (PDF). Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. 9 (1): 2559–2608. doi:10.5194/acpd-9-2559-2009. The Royal Society (2009). Geoengineering the
Reflective surfaces (climate engineering)
Reflective_surfaces_(climate_engineering)
Reduction in the amount of sunlight reaching Earth's surface
similar to stratospheric aerosol injection. This is a proposed solar geoengineering intervention which aims to counteract global warming through intentional
Global_dimming
Artificial satellites designed to change the amount of solar radiation that impacts Earth
that would reduce the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth, termed geoengineering or solar radiation modification. Some of these proposals use mirrors
Space_mirror
German-American chemist
in Tübingen) is a German-American chemist and a researcher on solar geoengineering. His research lies in atmospheric chemistry, including the photochemical
Frank_Keutsch
Country in Southeast and Central Europe
basement of 3155 MN (321.7 thousand tons)]". International Journal of Geoengineering Case Histories. 4 (2). International Society for Soil Mechanics and
Romania
climate scientists - List of geoengineering topics - List of ministers of climate change - List of proposed geoengineering projects - Little Ice Age -
Index of climate change articles
Index_of_climate_change_articles
Austro-American academic
Keith, of Harvard's Solar Geoengineering Research Program founded in 2017 as an interfaculty research initiative. His geoengineering research focuses on economics
Gernot_Wagner
Climatological research organizations
Engineering Study Group report. They found that there was a need to use geoengineering to lower the Earth's average temperature and suggested adopting the
Novim
of All Souls College, Oxford, as well as a Co-Director of the Oxford Geoengineering Programme of the Oxford Martin School. Professor Redgwell previously
Catherine_Redgwell
Dutch climatologist (1933–2021)
Paul Jozef Crutzen (Dutch pronunciation: [pʌul ˈjoːzəf ˈkrʏtsə(n)]; 3 December 1933 – 28 January 2021) was a Dutch meteorologist and atmospheric chemist
Paul_J._Crutzen
Human-caused changes to climate on Earth
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Climate_change
Glacier in the Swiss Alps
It in Blankets". WIRED. Retrieved 11 March 2018. Harvey, Chelsea. "GEOENGINEERING: Can we refreeze the Arctic? Scientists are beginning to ask". www.eenews
Rhône_Glacier
Non-profit Organization
Retrieved October 4, 2018. "THE ICE 911 PROJECT: GEOENGINEERING EXPERIMENT BRIEFING". Geoengineering Monitor. April 6, 2018. Retrieved October 10, 2018
Arctic_Ice_Project
American businessman and philanthropist (born 1955)
Occidental Petroleum. SCoPEx, Keith's academic venture in "sun-dimming" geoengineering, which Gates provided most of the $12 million for. Corbis (originally
Bill_Gates
Ecological concept
intentional OIF (sometimes called "aOIF", for "artificial OIF) is considered "geoengineering" or "climate intervention". Intentional OIF has sparked controversy
Iron_fertilization
R&D funding agency of the UK Government
geoengineering experiments' and that doing so contraviened the United Nation's Convention on Biological Diversity moratorium on solar geoengineering research
Advanced Research and Invention Agency
Advanced_Research_and_Invention_Agency
Climatic and oceanographic cycle affecting Southeast Asia, Australia and Africa
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Indian_Ocean_Dipole
2025 United Kingdom climate engineering research initiative
investigates techniques that fall within the broader scientific field of solar geoengineering, as well as approaches such as Arctic sea ice thickening. Exploring
Exploring Climate Cooling Programme
Exploring_Climate_Cooling_Programme
2009 book by Stewart Brand
tackles "touchy issues" like nuclear power, genetic engineering and geoengineering, "fully aware that many of the environmentalist readers he hopes to
Whole_Earth_Discipline
American politician (born 1963)
and Senate. In 2024, Fritts sponsored a state bill (SB 2691) banning geoengineering, which was widely criticised[by whom?] as being influenced by the chemtrails
Monty_Fritts
Chemical compound of sulfur and oxygen
the 1990s, if not earlier, stratospheric aerosol injection as a solar geoengineering method is best associated with Paul Crutzen's detailed 2006 proposal
Sulfur_dioxide
Public university in Kingston, Ontario, Canada
research centres and institutes, the Centre for Neuroscience Studies, GeoEngineering Centre, High Performance Computing Virtual Laboratory, Centre for Health
Queen's University at Kingston
Queen's_University_at_Kingston
Heat-trapping gas in an atmosphere
2100". Responsible Alpha. 29 September 2025. Retrieved 27 April 2026. "Geoengineering the climate: science, governance and uncertainty". The Royal Society
Greenhouse_gas
Ancient underground city in Turkey
Evaluation of Derinkuyu Antique Underground City and its Implications in Geoengineering". Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 46 (4): 731–754. doi:10.1007/s00603-012-0301-7
Derinkuyu_underground_city
Hypothetical planetary engineering process
technology for the purpose of influencing the global properties of a planet. Geoengineering: planetary engineering applied specifically to Earth. It includes only
Terraforming
Environmental movement emphasizing technological innovation for sustainability
Dense Cities, Nuclear Power, Transgenic Crops, Restored Wildlands, and Geoengineering Are Necessary. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0143118282. Ellis,
Ecomodernism
English existential risk research centre
Nature, the environmental impact of high-yield farming and prospects for geoengineering. CSER researchers published a report calling for business school rankings
Centre for the Study of Existential Risk
Centre_for_the_Study_of_Existential_Risk
British social scientist
technologies of climate change geoengineering and he was a co-author on the influential Royal Society report Geoengineering the Climate and lead author of
Steve_Rayner
American scientist
peer-reviewed papers claiming that coal fly ash is being sprayed for geoengineering. In 2016, two of his papers, however, were retracted because of flaws;
J._Marvin_Herndon
Environmental justice organization
report titled "Geopiracy: The Case Against Geoengineering," which examined various dimensions of geoengineering. The report covered proposed technologies
ETC_Group_(eco-justice)
Provision of nutrients to the upper layers of the oceans
(23 March 2017). "Climate-related Geoengineering and Biodiversity". www.cbd.int. Retrieved 9 July 2026. "Geoengineering faces ban". Scientific American
Ocean_fertilization
Potential method of reducing climate change
Atmospheric methane removal is a category of potential approaches being researched to accelerate the breakdown of methane that is in the atmosphere, for
Atmospheric_methane_removal
U.S. national memorial in Washington, D.C.
Archived August 1, 2016, at the Wayback Machine, International Journal of Geoengineering Case Histories 1 (2009) 170–188, pp. 176–179. "Determining the Facts
Washington_Monument
of Mining and Metallurgy Wrocław University of Technology Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology Wrocław Poland University of Coimbra Faculdade de
List_of_schools_of_mines
1977 international treaty on environmental modification
Diversity of 2010 would also ban some forms of weather modification or geoengineering. Many states do not regard this as a complete ban on the use of herbicides
Environmental Modification Convention
Environmental_Modification_Convention
Gradual reduction of the use and production of fossil fuels
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Fossil_fuel_phase-out
Fuel derived from biological sources
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Biofuel
Proposed cloud-seeding technique
doubled CO2 concentration." This seems like an outlier. Committee on Geoengineering Climate: Technical Evaluation and Discussion of Impacts; Board on Atmospheric
Marine_cloud_brightening
Suspension of fine solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas
international shipping by approximately 80%, leading to an unexpected global geoengineering termination shock. Aerosol is defined as a suspension system of solid
Aerosol
Attempt at using engineering or technology to solve a problem
alpine ice—are also sometimes classified as forms of geoengineering. Some types of geoengineering present political, social and ethical issues. One common
Technological_fix
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
List of locations and entities by greenhouse gas emissions
List_of_locations_and_entities_by_greenhouse_gas_emissions
Atmospheric constituent and greenhouse gas
global temperatures more rapidly would require carbon sequestration or geoengineering. Various techniques have been proposed for removing excess carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of Earth
Carbon_dioxide_in_the_atmosphere_of_Earth
2024-02-05. Retrieved 2024-05-14. Forrester, Nikki (25 March 2021). "Solar geoengineering isn't happening or damaging the planet; aircraft contrails are formed
List_of_fake_news_websites
rise] July 8 Geo-engineering, Assessment Scientists assess that the geoengineering technique of enhanced rock weathering – spreading finely crushed basalt
2020 in the environment and environmental sciences
2020_in_the_environment_and_environmental_sciences
Theory attributing the input and output of carbon into the environment to capitalism
been done on carbon rift discusses the theory’s relation to geoengineering. While geoengineering is still in the development stage as both a topic and solution
Carbon_rift
Process of capturing and storing carbon dioxide from industrial flue gas
1016/j.eng.2021.11.024. S2CID 247416947. Marchetti, Cesare (1977). "On geoengineering and the CO2 problem". Climatic Change. 1 (1): 59–68. Bibcode:1977ClCh
Carbon_capture_and_storage
American author and journalist
published How to Cool the Planet: Geoengineering and the Audacious Quest to Fix Earth’s Climate about geoengineering, global warming, and climate change
Jeff_Goodell
System of microelectromechanical devices
indicate that the chemtrails narrative dominates much online discussion of geoengineering despite scientific rejection of the theory. The impact of smart dust
Smartdust
Earth shield to reduce sunlight
area sizes can be further reduced by 50 times using an Annual Solar Geoengineering approach as indicated by Feinberg (2024). Global warming portal Space
Space_sunshade
Greenhouse gases emitted from human activities
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Greenhouse_gas_emissions
Management strategy for global warming
cloud brightening or a large number of mirrors in the sky ("sunshade geoengineering") to block out or reflect incoming (short-wave, SW) solar irradiation
Passive daytime radiative cooling
Passive_daytime_radiative_cooling
Italian tsunami
INGV-Section of Catania, and the Institute of Environmental Geology and Geoengineering of the CNR in a special study aimed at assessing the evolution of the
2002_Stromboli_tsunami
American businessman and engineer
elected to the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to geoengineering with geosynthetics, the design of landfill waste-containment systems
Rudolph_Bonaparte
American writer and academic
Journal article on geoengineering and climate change, described as "seminal" by Salon was the first legal analysis of geoengineering in legal academic
Jay_Michaelson
Actions to reduce net greenhouse gas emissions to limit climate change
by climate technologies such as solar radiation management (or solar geoengineering). Complementary climate change actions, including climate activism,
Climate_change_mitigation
Geotechnical engineering organisation
International Journal of Geoengineering Case Histories, ISSMGE (retrieved 22 July 2013) "website of International Journal of Geoengineering Case Histories". Retrieved
International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering
International_Society_for_Soil_Mechanics_and_Geotechnical_Engineering
Climatological research institute
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Berkeley_Earth
Argentine scientist, climate change expert
and Natural Sciences of the UBA. Camilloni is a resident in the Solar Geoengineering Research Program of Harvard University and director of the Master's
Inés_Camilloni
Large ice stream, fastest melting glacier in Antarctica
C. (20 September 2018). "Stopping the flood: could we use targeted geoengineering to mitigate sea level rise?". The Cryosphere. 12 (9): 2955–2967. Bibcode:2018TCry
Pine_Island_Glacier
American philosopher
philosophy. Dialogues on Climate Justice, Routledge, 2023 The Ethics of “Geoengineering” the Global Climate: Justice, Legitimacy and Governance, Routledge,
Stephen_M._Gardiner
should not be confused with geoengineering. Geotherapy regenerates natural life support mechanisms, while Geoengineering aims to replace them with technological
Geotherapy
British climate scientist and professor
investigator of the Integrated Assessment of Geoengineering Proposals project. He has doubts as to whether geoengineering could be deployed effectively. Forster
Piers_Forster
Carbon-oxygen gas
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Carbon_dioxide
Ratio of how much light is reflected back from a body
optics by Johann Heinrich Lambert in his 1760 work Photometria. Bio-geoengineering Cool roof Daisyworld Emissivity Exitance Global dimming Ice–albedo feedback
Albedo
Equilibrium points near two orbiting bodies
Gelles, David (13 September 2024). "U.K. to Fund 'Small-Scale' Outdoor Geoengineering Tests". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 15 January 2025
Lagrange_point
Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2015. "Geoengineering May Be Our Best Chance to Save Sea Ice". Scientific American. Nature
Peter_Wadhams
Type of paint in which can be used to coat a surface to reduce heat transfer
industry leader. Passive cooling Radiant barrier Reflective surfaces (geoengineering) "What Are the Benefits of "Insulating" Paint?". Scientific American
Insulative_paint
ISSN 1944-8007. Available under CC BY 4.0. "Give research into solar geoengineering a chance". Nature. 593 (7858): 167. May 2021. Bibcode:2021Natur.593
Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the environment
Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_environment
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Effects_of_climate_change
Lost comet
civilization's trajectories: Early thoughts on omnicide, lunar prospecting, geoengineering, world government & planetary defense". Futures. 129 102732. doi:10
Biela's_Comet
Thermoplastic polymer
of fibre inclusion on dynamic properties of clay". Geomechanics and Geoengineering. 11 (2): 1–10. doi:10.1080/17486025.2015.1029013. S2CID 128478509. "Generation
Polypropylene
Argentinian university teacher
Santamarina returned to Georgia Tech in 2023 where he leads the Energy GeoEngineering Laboratory, EGEL. Santamarina's research team follows a "physics-inspired
J._Carlos_Santamarina
Dutch fiction author (born 1952)
Dutch, with half their land below sea level. Ziltpunk describes massive geoengineering projects which writers consider the only way to counter climate change
Tais_Teng
Data visualization graphics of long-term trends of annual temperature anomalies
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Climate_spiral
American entrepreneur and climate advocate
Retrieved 10 June 2020. Strickland, Eliza. "The Why, How, and Maybe Not of Geoengineering - IEEE Spectrum". IEEE. IEEE Spectrum. Retrieved 23 February 2024. Doyle
Kelly_Wanser
2015 science fiction novel by Ian McDonald
ago [in Dubai], there were none of the towers, superhighways, dodgy geoengineering, and Ferrari police cars we see today. The world works faster than we
Luna:_New_Moon
Academic journal
treatment of animals, future generations, human-induced climate change, geoengineering, economic valuation, market economics, preferences, rights, responsibilities
Environmental_Values
Carbon sequestration company
Amy (23 June 2021). "Cloud spraying and hurricane slaying: how ocean geoengineering became the frontier of the climate crisis". The Guardian. Retrieved
Project_Vesta
AFOLU) Nature-based solutions Other Earth Strike Fridays for Future Geoengineering Individual action on climate change Positive tipping points Sustainable
Ozone depletion and climate change
Ozone_depletion_and_climate_change
Philosophy about Earth protection
Perspective on the Relationship Between Humans and Their Surroundings: Geoengineering, the Purpose of Life & the Nature of the Universe", Cranmore Publications
Environmentalism
French engineer school and a constituent college of Université PSL
Center) Geosciences (Geosciences and Geoengineering Center). Located in Fontainebleau, the Geosciences and Geoengineering Department (a research structure
Mines_Paris_–_PSL
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