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Social science concept
The generalized other is a concept introduced by George Herbert Mead into the social sciences, and used especially in the field of symbolic interactionism
Generalized_other
Concept in philosophy and psychology
disorder Exoticism Generalized other Identity politics Kyriarchy Markedness Marx's theory of alienation Open individualism Otherness of childhood Pseudospeciation
Other_(philosophy)
American philosopher (1863–1931)
activity from the perspective of all the others engaged in the activity. Through understanding "the generalized other", the individual understands what kind
George_Herbert_Mead
Epilepsy syndrome that is characterised by generalised seizures with no apparent cause
Generalized epilepsy is a form of epilepsy characterized by generalized seizures that occur with no obvious cause. Generalized seizures, as opposed to
Generalized_epilepsy
Classifications of epileptic seizures
seizures, generalized-onset seizures became generalized seizures, and unknown-onset seizures became unknown whether focal or generalized. Other changes
Seizure_types
Probability distribution
The exponential generalized beta (EGB) distribution follows directly from the GB and generalizes other common distributions. A generalized beta random variable
Generalized_beta_distribution
Type of generalized seizure that affects the entire brain
A generalized tonic–clonic seizure, commonly known as a grand mal seizure or GTCS, is a type of generalized seizure that produces bilateral, convulsive
Generalized tonic–clonic seizure
Generalized_tonic–clonic_seizure
Class of statistical models
In statistics, a generalized linear model (GLM) is a flexible generalization of ordinary linear regression. The GLM generalizes linear regression by allowing
Generalized_linear_model
Fear of being stared at
hostile when looked at directly for too long.[citation needed] Gaze Generalized other Ideas of reference and delusions of reference List of phobias Social
Scopophobia
Phenomenon involving innocuous events
eye. Apophenia Astrology Coincidance: A Head Test Confirmation bias Generalized other Hostile attribution bias Imaginary friend Paranoiac-critical method
Ideas and delusions of reference
Ideas_and_delusions_of_reference
Generalised concept of incidence structure of polygons
In mathematics, a generalized polygon is an incidence structure introduced by Jacques Tits in 1959. Generalized n-gons encompass as special cases projective
Generalized_polygon
Type of incidence structure
containing many quadrangles. A generalized quadrangle is by definition a polar space of rank two. They are the generalized n-gons with n = 4 and near 2n-gons
Generalized_quadrangle
Trust that people have in members of society in general
Generalized trust, also known as spontaneous sociability, is the trust that people have in their fellow members of society in general. It is often measured
Generalized_trust
System configuration relative to another
configuration. The generalized velocities are the time derivatives of the generalized coordinates of the system. The adjective "generalized" distinguishes
Generalized_coordinates
Medical condition
idiopathic generalized anhidrosis (AIGA) is characterized by generalized absence of sweating without other autonomic and neurologic dysfunction. Other symptoms
Acquired idiopathic generalized anhidrosis
Acquired_idiopathic_generalized_anhidrosis
of labour — gendering — genealogy of power/knowledge — generalized other — generalized other — genetic engineering — genocide — gentrification — geopolitics
Index_of_sociology_articles
Philosophy terms
"me", in Mead's terms, that needs re-mediation'. Conformist stage Generalized other Open individualism Socialization True self and false self Vertiginous
'I'_and_the_'me'
Medical condition of oxygen deprivation
Generalized hypoxia is a medical condition in which the tissues of the body are deprived of the necessary levels of oxygen due to an insufficient supply
Generalized_hypoxia
Period of symptoms due to excessive or synchronous neuronal brain activity
between generalized and focal seizures is the age at onset, which is significantly lower in patients with generalized seizures. Generalized tonic–clonic
Seizure
Hypothesis in social sciences related to the perception of media effects
overestimation of the effect of a mass communicated message on the generalized other, or an underestimation of the effect of a mass communicated message
Third-person_effect
Algebraic element satisfying some of the criteria of an inverse
}A=A.} A generalized inverse exists for an arbitrary matrix, and when a matrix has a regular inverse, this inverse is its unique generalized inverse.
Generalized_inverse
Sociopsychological theory
but was the socially derived perspective of a "generalized other". The perspective of the generalized other essentially represented an amalgamation of the
Objective_self-awareness
Nonspecific long-lasting anxiety
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, uncontrollable, and often irrational worry about events or activities
Generalized_anxiety_disorder
Physics phenomenon
model. In other words, these states cannot power the violation of a Bell inequality, despite possessing entanglement. This can be generalized from pairs
Quantum_entanglement
Markup language
The Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML; ISO 8879:1986) is a standard for defining generalized markup languages for documents. ISO 8879 Annex A
Standard Generalized Markup Language
Standard_Generalized_Markup_Language
Type of social exchange
exchange resources with each other, generalized exchange naturally involves more than two parties. Examples of generalized exchange include; matrilateral
Generalized_exchange
Sociological theory regarding shared understandings
article, Homophily vs the Generalized Other, González discussed the term homophily, which says that people tend to connect with others who are similar to them
Social_constructionism
Branch of sociology focusing on small-scale aspects of society
particular interest to students of interaction ritual. Society portal Generalized other George Herbert Mead Human ethology Kurt Lewin Proxemics Socialization
Microsociology
Study of triangles in other spaces than the Euclidean plane
orthoschemes - right simplexes (right triangles generalized to n dimensions) - studied by Schoute who called the generalized trigonometry of n Euclidean dimensions
Generalized_trigonometry
Medical condition
Generalized lentiginosis is a cutaneous condition that will occasionally present without other associated abnormalities. It may be caused by carney complex
Generalized_lentiginosis
Proof method in mathematical logic
logic programming and coinductive logic programming, which in turn generalizes other extensions of logic programming, such as infinite trees, lazy predicates
Coinduction
Statistics models class
In statistics, a generalized additive model (GAM) is a generalized linear model in which the linear response variable depends linearly on unknown smooth
Generalized_additive_model
Objects extending the notion of functions
theory of generalized functions in order to define weak solutions of partial differential equations (i.e. solutions which are generalized functions,
Generalized_function
Medical condition
(localized pustular psoriasis), or generalized with widespread patches appearing randomly on any part of the body (generalized pustular psoriasis). However
Pustular_psoriasis
Positive integer of the form (2^(2^n))+1
primes today are generalized Fermat primes. Generalized Fermat numbers can be prime only for even a, because if a is odd then every generalized Fermat number
Fermat_number
Sense of responsibility or concern for the problems of society
conscience of an individual can be related to George Herbert Mead's generalized other. Instead of having an internalized expectation of what society expects
Social_conscience
Medical condition
Generalized vaccinia is a cutaneous condition that occurs 6 to 9 days after vaccination, characterized by a generalized eruption of skin lesions, and
Generalized_vaccinia
Vector satisfying some of the criteria of an eigenvector
linearly independent generalized eigenvectors which form a basis for an invariant subspace of V {\displaystyle V} . Using generalized eigenvectors, a set
Generalized_eigenvector
can be viewed as a generalized conic. In rectangular Cartesian coordinates, the equation y = x2 represents a parabola. The generalized equation y = x r
Generalized_conic
Accumulation of excess fluid in tissue
occurs in nephrotic syndrome and liver failure. Causes of edema that are generalized to the whole body can cause edema in multiple organs and peripherally
Edema
Group of neurological disorders causing seizures
seizures are grouped into four main classes: focal, generalized, unknown (whether focal or generalized), and unclassified. Focal seizures originate in one
Epilepsy
Sociological process
develop a sense of other, that is, someone or something outside of oneself". Finally, individuals interact with the generalized other, "which represents
Social_conditioning
Medical condition
Generalized essential telangiectasia, also known as general essential telangiectasia, is characterized by the dilation of veins and capillaries over a
Generalized essential telangiectasia
Generalized_essential_telangiectasia
Urban legend
short story, "Egotism, or, the Bosom Serpent". The term is now used to generalize other legends in which living creatures enter the human body. In bosom-serpent
The_Spider_Bite
American academic (born 1949)
we live. Additionally, media expand our concept of a "generalized elsewhere." This generalized elsewhere allows us to construct a broader understanding
Joshua_Meyrowitz
Concept in social philosophy
identify. Cognitive dissonance Dual consciousness False consciousness Generalized other Mixed race Reference group Shulamith Firestone "Du Bois, William Edward
Double_consciousness
Sociological theory
management of meaning Edward T. Hall Erving Goffman Extension transference Generalized other Georg Simmel Labeling theory Interactionism Sandbox play therapy Social
Symbolic_interactionism
Subfield of bioethics which advocates gender and social equality
about whether a patient should be viewed as a "generalized other" or a "concrete other". The "generalized other" view tends to see all patients as equally
Feminist_bioethics
Argentine musician (born 1972)
ANLA COURTIS, MAMA BAER & KOMMISSAR HJULER "Die Antizipation des Generalized Other" (2011) SHMF. Germany ALAN COURTIS, JAIME GENOVART, CHRISTOF KURZMANN
Anla_Courtis
Statistical framework
time, and settings among other possibilities. These facets are potential sources of error and the purpose of generalizability theory is to quantify the
Generalizability_theory
Cognitive disorder with an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations
with generalized anxiety disorder experience non-specific persistent fear and worry and become overly concerned with everyday matters. Generalized anxiety
Anxiety_disorder
Distributional regression model
limitations associated with the popular generalized linear models (GLMs) of Nelder and Wedderburn (1972) and generalized additive models (GAMs) of Hastie and
Generalized additive model for location, scale and shape
Generalized_additive_model_for_location,_scale_and_shape
Musical keyboards with regular arrangements of keys
A generalized keyboard is a musical keyboard, a type of isomorphic keyboard, with regular, tile-like arrangements usually with rectangular or hexagonal
Generalized_keyboard
Generalized neurodevelopmental disorder
(in the United Kingdom and different from learning disability), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significant impairment in
Intellectual_disability
Distributions on spaces of differential forms
\leq 1\}.} The mass of a current represents the weighted area of the generalized surface. A current such that M(T) < ∞ is representable by integration
Current_(mathematics)
Medical condition
Generalized bullous fixed drug eruption (GBFDE) most commonly refers to a drug reaction in the erythema multiforme group. These are uncommon reactions
Generalized bullous fixed drug eruption
Generalized_bullous_fixed_drug_eruption
Social network analysis using permitted block types
blockmodeling approach. Generalized blockmodeling was introduced in 1994 by Patrick Doreian, Vladimir Batagelj and Anuška Ferligoj. Generalized blockmodeling approach
Generalized_blockmodeling
Abnormal condition of the mind
difficult to determine whether it is psychosis or autism, social or generalized anxiety disorder, or obsessive–compulsive disorder. The symptoms of psychosis
Psychosis
Setting in which people live and interact
sciences) – Effect of how information is presented on perception Generalized other – Social science concept Habitus (sociology) – How individuals perceive
Social_environment
Conjecture on zeros of the zeta function
would also work for the generalized Riemann hypothesis for Dirichlet L-functions. Several results first proved using the generalized Riemann hypothesis were
Riemann_hypothesis
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
particles into general relativity, the affine connection needed to be generalized to include an antisymmetric part, called the torsion. This modification
Albert_Einstein
Preferential tariff system
Introduction to Generalized System of Preferences". Information from UNCTAD about GSP programs in general. "UNCTAD Database on Generalized System of Trade
Generalized System of Preferences
Generalized_System_of_Preferences
Family of cubic graphs formed from regular and star polygons
They include the Petersen graph and generalize one of the ways of constructing the Petersen graph. The generalized Petersen graph family was introduced
Generalized_Petersen_graph
Branch of mathematics
integral. It was also during this period that the ideas of calculus were generalized to the complex plane with the development of complex analysis. In modern
Calculus
Inflammation of abdominal organ lining
diverticulitis before perforation), or generalized to the whole abdomen. In either case, pain typically starts as a generalized abdominal pain (with involvement
Peritonitis
the loop i to j to l to k returning to i must be equal to the loop the other way round, p i j p j l p l k p k i = p i k p k l p l j p j i . {\displaystyle
Kolmogorov's_criterion
Medical condition
Idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) is a group of epileptic disorders that are believed to have a strong underlying genetic basis. IGE is considered
Idiopathic generalized epilepsy
Idiopathic_generalized_epilepsy
Severe skin reaction to medication
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP; also known as pustular drug eruption and toxic pustuloderma) is a rare skin reaction that in 90% of
Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis
Acute_generalized_exanthematous_pustulosis
Anxiety disorder screening instrument
The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) is a widely used self-administered diagnostic tool designed to screen for and assess the severity
Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7
Generalized_Anxiety_Disorder_7
Degenerative neurological disorder
and may include: Electroencephalography – may have a characteristic generalized periodic sharp wave pattern. Periodic sharp wave complexes develop in
Creutzfeldt–Jakob_disease
Technique for wavelet analysis
Wavelet Domain for Generalized Lifting Image Compression" (PDF). ICASSP 2009 (submitted). Rolon, J. C.; Mendonça, E.; Salembier, P. Generalized Lifting With
Lifting_scheme
Property of a differential manifold that includes complex structures
powers of the cotangent bundle. Generalized geometry unites these two fields by treating sections of the generalized tangent bundle, which is the direct
Generalized_complex_structure
Whether a manifold which is a homotopy sphere is a sphere
In the mathematical area of topology, the generalized Poincaré conjecture is a statement that a manifold that is a homotopy sphere is a sphere. More precisely
Generalized Poincaré conjecture
Generalized_Poincaré_conjecture
Regularization technique for ill-posed problems
of the regularized problem. For the generalized case, a similar representation can be derived using a generalized singular-value decomposition. Finally
Ridge_regression
Modification using the principle of template matching
The generalized Hough transform (GHT), introduced by Dana H. Ballard in 1981, is the modification of the Hough transform using the principle of template
Generalised_Hough_transform
Generalized blockmodeling of valued networks is an approach of the generalized blockmodeling, dealing with valued networks (e.g., non-binary). While the
Generalized blockmodeling of valued networks
Generalized_blockmodeling_of_valued_networks
Anxiety disorder
existed, or whether it was simply a manifestation of other disorders such as panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, avoidant personality disorder and
Agoraphobia
Medical condition
concentrations point to the diagnosis of generalized glucocorticoid resistance. The goal of treatment for generalized glucocorticoid resistance is to reduce
Generalized glucocorticoid resistance
Generalized_glucocorticoid_resistance
Concept in sociology and social psychology
Dramaturgical perspective Evolutionary neuroandrogenic theory Game studies Generalized other Hedonism Role engulfment Role model Role suction Social theory Transactional
Role_theory
Statistical modeling method
regression model. Multivariate analogues of ordinary least squares (OLS) and generalized least squares (GLS) have been developed. "General linear models" are
Linear_regression
American basketball player (born 1991)
an NBL Canada championship and an MVP award. White has a history of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) that is mainly triggered by a fear of flying,
Royce_White
Medical condition of lack of oxygen in the tissues
gas, such as at high altitude, HPV is generalized over the entire lung, but with sustained exposure to generalized hypoxia, HPV is suppressed. Hypoxic ventilatory
Hypoxia_(medicine)
Computational problem
winning strategy in a generalized geography game is PSPACE-complete. Let GG = { ⟨G, b⟩ | P1 has a winning strategy for the generalized geography game played
Generalized_geography
Psychosis beginning suddenly in the first two weeks after childbirth
(2019) Preeeclampsia: maternal systemic vascular disorder caused by generalized endothelial dysfunction due to placental antiangiogenic factors. International
Postpartum_psychosis
Lymph node disease
Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy (PGL) is enlarged, painless, non-tender lymph nodes occurring in a couple of different areas for more than three
Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy
Persistent_generalized_lymphadenopathy
Lie algebra with imaginary simple roots
properties of generalized Kac–Moody algebras are straightforward extensions of the usual properties of (symmetrizable) Kac–Moody algebras. A generalized Kac–Moody
Generalized_Kac–Moody_algebra
Personality disorder involving mistrust of others
paranoia, and a pervasive, long-standing suspiciousness and generalized mistrust of others. Outlined in the main chapter on personality disorders in the
Paranoid_personality_disorder
Excessive fear of developing illness
accompanying conditions in people with hypochondriasis, as well as a generalized anxiety disorder diagnosis at some point in their life. Many people with
Hypochondriasis
Severely deficient supply of oxygen
abnormal breathing. Asphyxia causes generalized hypoxia, which affects all the tissues and organs, some more rapidly than others. There are many circumstances
Asphyxia
Autoimmune skin condition
patients have generalized discoid lupus erythematosus. In addition to lesions in the typical above-the-neck locations, patients with generalized discoid lupus
Discoid_lupus_erythematosus
Hypertext Editing System (HES) by Andries van Dam at Brown University, IBM Generalized Markup Language, Ted Nelson's Project Xanadu, and Douglas Engelbart's
History_of_the_World_Wide_Web
Operation in calculus
functions defined on a closed and bounded interval [a, b] and can be generalized to other notions of integral (Lebesgue and Daniell). Upper and lower bounds
Integral
Theorem related to ordinary least squares
{\beta }}} which gives the uniqueness of the OLS estimator as a BLUE. The generalized least squares (GLS), developed by Aitken, extends the Gauss–Markov theorem
Gauss–Markov_theorem
Infectious disease
will be in a more localized distribution rather than the diffuse and generalized rash seen in scarlet fever. Drug eruption: These are potential side effects
Scarlet_fever
Medical condition
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy (AGL), also known as Lawrence syndrome and Lawrence–Seip syndrome, is a rare skin condition that appears during childhood
Acquired generalized lipodystrophy
Acquired_generalized_lipodystrophy
Abnormal hair growth over the body
thin, leaving only limited areas of hypertrichosis. Generalized hypertrichosis Congenital generalized hypertrichosis causes males to exhibit excessive facial
Hypertrichosis
Mental disorder associated with trauma
symptom overlap with other mental disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder; association with other mental disorders
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic_stress_disorder
Human disease
PMC 9018377. PMID 35462879. Vañó-Galván S, Moreno-Martin P (July 2008). "Generalized pruritus after a beach vacation. Diagnosis: scabies". Cleveland Clinic
Scabies
Anticonvulsant medication
neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, restless legs syndrome, opioid withdrawal, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and postherpetic neuralgia (a type of nerve damage
Pregabalin
Möbius transformation generalized to rings other than the complex numbers
the complex plane a generalized circle is either a line or a circle. When completed with the point at infinity, the generalized circles in the plane
Linear fractional transformation
Linear_fractional_transformation
GENERALIZED OTHER
GENERALIZED OTHER
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : from the medieval personal name Masselin. This originated as an Old French pet form of Germanic names with the first element mathal ‘speech’, ‘counsel’. However, it was later used as a pet form of Matthew. Compare Mace. A feminine form, Mazelina, was probably originally a pet form of Matilda.English and French : possibly a metonymic occupational name for a maker of wooden bowls, from Middle English, Old French maselin ‘bowl or goblet of maple wood’ (a diminutive of Old French masere ‘maple wood’, of Germanic origin). In some cases it may derive from the homonymous dialect terms maslin, one of which means ‘brass’ (Old English mæslen, mæstling), the other ‘mixed grain’ (Old French mesteillon).
Surname or Lastname
English and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : habitational name for someone who came from London or a nickname for someone who had made a trip to London or had some other connection with the city. In some cases, however, the Jewish name was purely ornamental. The place name, recorded by the Roman historian Tacitus in the Latinized form Londinium, is obscure in origin and meaning, but may be derived from pre-Celtic (Old European) roots with a meaning something like ‘place at the navigable or unfordable river’.
Surname or Lastname
Irish
Irish : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Luasaigh, an altered form of Mac Cluasaigh, a Cork name meaning ‘son of Cluasach’, a byname originally denoting someone with large or otherwise noticeable ears (from cluas ‘ear’).English and Irish (of Norman origin), French : habitational name from any of various places in Normandy and northern France originally named with the Latin personal name Lucius + the locative suffix -acum.English : variant of Luce 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on the border between two territories, especially in the Marches between England and Wales or England and Scotland, from Anglo-Norman French marche ‘boundary’ (of Germanic origin; compare Mark 2). In some cases, the surname may be a habitational name from March in Cambridgeshire, which was probably named from the locative case of Old English mearc ‘boundary’.English : from a nickname or personal name for someone who was born or baptized in the month of March (Middle English, Old French march(e), Latin Martius (mensis), from the name of the god Mars) or who had some other special connection with the month, such as owing a feudal obligation then.Catalan : from the personal name March, Catalan equivalent of Mark 1.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Matthew. In North America, this form has assimilated numerous vernacular derivatives in other languages of Latin Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus.Irish (Ulster and County Louth) : used as an Americanized form of McMahon.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name for someone who built mines, either for the excavation of coal and other minerals, or as a technique in the medieval art of siege warfare. The word represents an agent derivative of Middle English, Old French mine ‘mine’ (a word of Celtic origin, cognate with Gaelic mein ‘ore’, ‘mine’).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname for a small man, or distinguishing epithet for the younger of two bearers of the same personal name, from Middle English littel, Old English l̄tel, originally a diminutive of l̄t (see Light 3).Irish : translation of Gaelic Ó Beagáin ‘descendant of Beagán’ (see Begin).Translation of French Petit and Lepetit; also used as an English form of names such as Jean-Petit ‘little John’.Translation of any of various other European name meaning ‘little’.
Surname or Lastname
Possibly an Americanized spelling of Czech and Slovak ÄŒech (see Cech), or other Slavic or German ethnic names for a Czech.English
Possibly an Americanized spelling of Czech and Slovak ÄŒech (see Cech), or other Slavic or German ethnic names for a Czech.English : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : nickname for someone who behaved in a masterful manner, or an occupational name for someone who was master of his craft or a schoolmaster, from Middle English maister (Old French maistre, Latin magister). In early instances this surname was often borne by people who were franklins or other substantial freeholders, presumably because they had laborers under them to work their lands. In Scotland Master was the title given to administrators of medieval hospitals, as well as being born by the eldest sons of barons; thus, the surname may also have been acquired as a metonymic occupational name by someone in the service of such.Either a dialect form or an Americanized form of German Meister.Indian (Gujarat and Bombay city) : Parsi occupational name for someone who was a master of his craft, from the English word master.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : from the Middle English personal name Ma(t)thew, vernacular form of the Greek New Testament name Matthias, Matthaios, which is ultimately from the Hebrew personal name Matityahu ‘gift of God’. This was taken into Latin as Mat(t)hias and Matthaeus respectively, the former being used for the twelfth apostle (who replaced Judas Iscariot) and the latter for the author of the first Gospel. In many European languages this distinction is reflected in different surname forms. The commonest vernacular forms of the personal name, including English Matthew, Old French Matheu, Spanish Mateo, Italian Matteo, Portuguese Mateus, Catalan and Occitan Mateu are generally derived from the form Matthaeus. The American surname Matthew has also absorbed European cognates from other languages, including Greek Mathias and Mattheos.It is found as a personal name among Christians in India, and in the U.S. is used as a family name among families from southern India.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : status name from Middle English squyer ‘esquire’, ‘a man belonging to the feudal rank immediately below that of knight’ (from Old French esquier ‘shield bearer’). At first it denoted a young man of good birth attendant on a knight, or by extension any attendant or servant, but by the 14th century the meaning had been generalized, and referred to social status rather than age. By the 17th century, the term denoted any member of the landed gentry, but this is unlikely to have influenced the development of the surname.
Surname or Lastname
English (of Norman origin)
English (of Norman origin) : nickname for an unfortunate person, from Old French malheure ‘unhappy’, ‘unlucky’. The etymology from maloret ‘ill-omened’ (Latin male ‘badly’ + auguratus) is less likely for the surname that has actually survived, although it does lie behind other medieval Norman surnames of this form, now defunct.
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : status name or occupational name from Middle English, Old French maresc(h)al ‘marshal’. The term is of Germanic origin (compare Old High German marah ‘horse’, ‘mare’ + scalc ‘servant’). Originally it denoted a man who looked after horses, but by the heyday of medieval surname formation it denoted on the one hand one of the most important servants in a great household (in the royal household a high official of state, one with military responsibilities), and on the other a humble shoeing smith or farrier. It was also an occupational name for a medieval court officer responsible for the custody of prisoners. An even wider range of meanings is found in some other languages: compare for example Polish Marszałek (see Marszalek). The surname is also borne by Jews, presumably as an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.As the fourth chief justice of the U.S., John Marshall (1755–1835) was the principal architect in consolidating and defining the powers of the Supreme Court. He was a descendant of John Marshall of Ireland, who settled in Culpeper Co., VA, sometime before 1655.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from Latin Marcus, the personal name of St. Mark the Evangelist, author of the second Gospel. The name was borne also by a number of other early Christian saints. Marcus was an old Roman name, of uncertain (possibly non-Italic) etymology; it may have some connection with the name of the war god Mars. Compare Martin. The personal name was not as popular in England in the Middle Ages as it was on the Continent, especially in Italy, where the evangelist became the patron of Venice and the Venetian Republic, and was allegedly buried at Aquileia. As an American family name, this has absorbed cognate and similar names from other European languages, including Greek Markos and Slavic Marek.English, German, and Dutch (van der Mark) : topographic name for someone who lived on a boundary between two districts, from Middle English merke, Middle High German marc, Middle Dutch marke, merke, all meaning ‘borderland’. The German term also denotes an area of fenced-off land (see Marker 5) and, like the English word, is embodied in various place names which have given rise to habitational names.English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Marck, Pas-de-Calais.German : from Marko, a short form of any of the Germanic compound personal names formed with mark ‘borderland’ as the first element, for example Markwardt.Americanization or shortened form of any of several like-sounding Jewish or Slavic surnames (see for example Markow, Markowitz, Markovich).Irish (northeastern Ulster) : probably a short form of Markey (when not of English origin).
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : nickname for a tall person, from Old English lang, long, Old French long ‘long’, ‘tall’ (equivalent to Latin longus).Irish (Ulster (Armagh) and Munster) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Longáin (see Langan).Chinese : from the name of an official treasurer called Long, who lived during the reign of the model emperor Shun (2257–2205 bc). his descendants adopted this name as their surname. Additionally, a branch of the Liu clan (see Lau 1), descendants of Liu Lei, who supposedly had the ability to handle dragons, was granted the name Yu-Long (meaning roughly ‘resistor of dragons’) by the Xia emperor Kong Jia (1879–1849 bc). Some descendants later simplified Yu-Long to Long and adopted it as their surname.Chinese : there are two sources for this name. One was a place in the state of Lu in Shandong province during the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc). The other source is the Xiongnu nationality, a non-Han Chinese people.Chinese : variant of Lang.Cambodian : unexplained.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : variant of Marchand.John Marchant (c.1600–c.1668) was in Newport, RI, before 1638. In that year he moved to Braintree, MA, then to Watertown, MA (1642), and finally to Yarmouth, MA (1648). His descendants included many sea captains and other prominent people.
Surname or Lastname
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English
Americanized spelling of German Ludwig, Czech LudvÃk, Polish Ludwik, or cognates in other European languages.English : habitational name from Ludwick Hall in Bishops Hatfield, Hertfordshire, probably named from the Old English personal name Luda + Old English wÄ«c ‘outlying (dairy) farm’.
Surname or Lastname
French (western)
French (western) : from a pet form of Martin 1.English : habitational name from Martineau in France. The name was also taken to England by Huguenot refugees in the 17th century (see below).Harriet Martineau (1802–76), the English writer, was the daughter of a Norwich manufacturer. She was descended from a family of French Huguenots who owned land around Poitou and Touraine in the 15th century. They included a number of surgeons in the 17th century. In the 19th century a branch of the family was firmly established in Birmingham, England; others went to North America.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the male personal name Manasseh, Hebrew Menashe ‘one who causes to forget’ (see Manasse), borne in the Middle Ages by Christians as well as by Jews. Hebrew Menashe and its reflexes in other Jewish languages have always been popular among Jews.English : occupational name for someone who made handles for agricultural and domestic implements, from an agent derivative of Anglo-Norman French mance ‘handle’ (Old French manche, Late Latin manicus, a derivative of manus ‘hand’).
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, Irish, French, Dutch, German, Czech, Slovak, Spanish (MartÃn), Italian (Venice), etc.
English, Scottish, Irish, French, Dutch, German, Czech, Slovak, Spanish (MartÃn), Italian (Venice), etc. : from a personal name (Latin Martinus, a derivative of Mars, genitive Martis, the Roman god of fertility and war, whose name may derive ultimately from a root mar ‘gleam’). This was borne by a famous 4th-century saint, Martin of Tours, and consequently became extremely popular throughout Europe in the Middle Ages. As a North American surname, this form has absorbed many cognates from other European forms.English : habitational name from any of several places so called, principally in Hampshire, Lincolnshire, and Worcestershire, named in Old English as ‘settlement by a lake’ (from mere or mær ‘pool’, ‘lake’ + tÅ«n ‘settlement’) or as ‘settlement by a boundary’ (from (ge)mære ‘boundary’ + tÅ«n ‘settlement’). The place name has been charged from Marton under the influence of the personal name Martin.
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