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See searches and references containing GAS VAN!GAS VAN
Vehicle used for mass murder, especially during the Holocaust
A gas van or gas wagon (Russian: душегубка, romanized: dushegubka, lit. 'soul killer'; Serbian: душегупка, romanized: dušegupka; German: Gaswagen) was
Gas_van
State of matter
Netherlandish chemist Jan Baptist van Helmont. He identified carbon dioxide, the first known gas other than air. Van Helmont's word appears to have been
Gas
Gas equation of state which accounts for non-ideal gas behavior
attraction at a distance. The van der Waals equation can be written where p {\displaystyle p} is pressure, R {\textstyle R} is the gas constant, T {\displaystyle
Van_der_Waals_equation
Sealed room into which gas is pumped in, causing death by poisoning or asphyxiation
executions by exhaust gas were performed by Einsatzgruppen using gas vans, trucks modified to divert engine exhaust into a sealed interior gas chamber. Starting
Gas_chamber
Nazi extermination camp in Poland (1941–1945)
(Kulmhof) camp was set up by SS-Sturmbannführer Herbert Lange, following his gas van experiments in the murder of 1,558 Polish prisoners of the Soldau concentration
Chełmno_extermination_camp
German SS chemist & war criminal (1900-1967)
chemist in the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA). He helped design the vans with a gas chamber built into the back compartment used in early Nazi mass murder
August_Becker
Series of war crimes trials
concluded three years later, in 1965 in Cologne. A number of camp officials, gas-van operators and SS guards, were arraigned before the court on charges of
Chełmno_trials
German SS officer in Nazi Germany (1906–1984)
article: Overhauling of gas vans In 1941 and 1942, Rauff was directly involved in the design and development of gas vans, mobile gas chambers used to kill
Walter_Rauff
Chinese government vehicle used for executions
in an execution van. On March 17, 2006, billionaire Yuan Baojing was executed in a van for the arranged murder of a blackmailer. Gas van Police bus Prison
Execution_van
Nazi plan for the genocide of Jews
who rounded up Jews and killed them primarily through mass-shootings and gas vans. By the time of the Wannsee Conference in January 1942, approximately 1
Final_Solution
Nazi death camps established to systematically murder
primarily murdered by gassing, either in permanent installations constructed for this specific purpose, or by means of gas vans. The six extermination
Extermination_camp
German SS officer, Holocaust perpetrator and convicted war criminal (1894–1951)
ravine in September 1941, pioneered the use of the gas van, and, following re-assignment, developed the gas chambers for the extermination camps. From late
Paul_Blobel
Nazi commandant of Auschwitz (1901–1947)
subordinates, Karl Fritzsch, Höss introduced the pesticide Zyklon B to be used in gas chambers, where over a million people were killed. Höss was hanged in 1947
Rudolf_Höss
German SS officer
Second World War, he worked as a gas van operator at the Chełmno extermination camp in Wartheland. As an operator of a gas van, Laabs was directly involved
Gustav_Laabs
Nazi extermination camp in Poland (1942–1943)
method. However, Wirth decided that the comparable technology of mobile gas vans used at Chełmno extermination camp before December 1941 (and by the Einsatzgruppen
Belzec_extermination_camp
2025 American historical drama film
and clothes of fellow Jewish arrivals who are stripped and forced into a gas van, where most are asphyxiated. The truck is brought back to the mass grave
The_World_Will_Tremble
Gestapo. The murders were primarily carried out in concentration camps and gas vans. In May 1942, occupied Serbia became one of the first territories declared
The Holocaust in German-occupied Serbia
The_Holocaust_in_German-occupied_Serbia
German Nazi leader of the SS (1900–1945)
Bełżec, Sobibór, and Treblinka. Initially the victims were killed with gas vans or by firing squad, but these methods proved impracticable for an operation
Heinrich_Himmler
Energy and home services provider in the United Kingdom
Trading Limited, British Gas Services Limited, British Gas Services (Commercial) Limited, British Gas New Heating Limited and British Gas Insurance Limited,
British_Gas
German SS officer and Holocaust perpetrator (1907–1951)
inside the van's gas chamber, and once the clean-up was complete, were themselves immediately shot. As far as Ohlendorf was concerned, the gas vans were impracticable
Otto_Ohlendorf
Nazi concentration camp in Serbia
March and May 1942, the Germans used a gas van sent from Berlin to kill thousands of Jewish inmates. With the gassings complete, it was renamed Zemun concentration
Sajmište_concentration_camp
Nazi German police chief and extermination camp commandant (1885–1944)
where permanent gas chambers had existed, and with the gas vans inspired his solution. He decided to combine in Belzec the permanent gas chamber with the
Christian_Wirth
forced to clean up the bodies and collect any valuables from the victims. Gas vans developed from those used to kill mental patients since 1939 were assigned
The_Holocaust_in_Poland
Nazi extermination camp in Poland (1942–1943)
and at Chełmno extermination camp that began operating in 1941 and used gas vans. Chełmno (German: Kulmhof) was a testing ground for the establishment of
Treblinka_extermination_camp
1991 Swedish film
beginning with a scene with soldiers loading nude adults and children into a gas van for execution. The film was Andersson's critical comeback to cinema, after
World_of_Glory
Largest methane field in Europe
The Groningen gas field is a methane field in Groningen province in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. With an estimated 2,740 billion cubic metres
Groningen_gas_field
Jewish hospital in German-occupied Belgrade during World War II
patients and staff had been murdered by German authorities using a mobile gas van. Following the German occupation of Serbia in 1941, Jewish doctors and
Jewish_Hospital_in_Belgrade
German truck manufacturer
Wehrmacht, and gas vans for Chelmno death camp where they were used to murder 180,000 Jews. Jews were also murdered in Magirus gas vans by Einsatzgruppe
Magirus
Dutch physicist (1837–1923)
in Physics in 1910 "for his work on the equation of state for gases and liquids." Van der Waals started his career as a schoolteacher, before becoming
Johannes Diderik van der Waals
Johannes_Diderik_van_der_Waals
they were subsequently murdered between 19 March and 10 May 1942 in a gas van, by order of the camp commander Herbert Andorfer. In 1917, the Balfour
Kladovo_transport
Gas mixture as by-product of steelworks
Blast furnace gas (BFG) is a by-product of blast furnaces that is generated when the iron ore is reduced with coke to metallic iron. It has a very low
Blast_furnace_gas
Nazi involuntary euthanasia programme
Entwicklung der Gaswagen beim Mord an den Juden" [The Development of the Gas-Van in the Murdering of the Jews]. The Final Solution. Vierteljahrshefte für
Aktion_T4
Motor vehicle
Saurer and Magirus based vehicles) used by Germans in The Holocaust as a gas van to kill with carbon monoxide. After the end of the war, with the Brandenburg
Opel_Blitz
Soviet Union, experiments with killing Jews in the back of vans using gas from the van's exhaust had been carried out, and when this proved too slow
The_Holocaust_in_Russia
Nazi paramilitary death squads, part of the SS
patients in Poland were initially murdered by shooting, but by spring 1941 gas vans were widely used. Seven Einsatzgruppen of battalion strength (around 500
Einsatzgruppen
Euphemism for mass murder used by Nazi functionaries
Trühe requests additional gas vans for "...a transport of Jews, which has to be treated in a special way..." The gas vans were vehicles containing an
Sonderbehandlung
German SS officer and convicted war criminal (1900–1974)
thousands of Jews held at the Sajmište concentration camp in a mobile gas van. He served a total of some five years' imprisonment before his release
Emanuel_Schäfer
Size of an atom's imaginary sphere representing how close other atoms can get
sizes; the value of b equals the van der Waals volume per mole of the gas. Their values vary from gas to gas. The van der Waals equation also has a microscopic
Van_der_Waals_radius
Gaseous fossil fuel
Natural gas (also gas, methane gas or fossil gas) is a fossil fuel, naturally occurring in geological formations. Typically, the gas is a mix of gaseous
Natural_gas
German SS officer (1905–1945)
Krebsbach, who had ordered the building of the gas chamber at Mauthausen, Erich Wasicky, who had built the gas van there, and Gauleiter August Eigruber, who
Franz_Ziereis
Non-hypothetical gases whose molecules occupy space and have interactions
the behaviour of real gases, the following must be taken into account: compressibility effects; variable specific heat capacity; van der Waals forces; non-equilibrium
Real_gas
Nazi administrative subdivision
and from autumn of that year, they began killing Jews by shooting and in gas vans, at first spasmodically and experimentally. Reichsgau Wartheland had the
Reichsgau_Wartheland
Phrase in Nazi Germany
injections and bottled gas poisoning were expanded to form the basis for the creation of extermination camps where cyanide gas chambers were purpose-built
Life_unworthy_of_life
Polish holocaust survivor
been immediately gassed and killed that day. Wiernik's first job with the Sonderkommando required him to drag corpses from the gas chambers to mass graves
Jankiel_Wiernik
Theoretical gas model
may arise from the Van der Waals forces. All perfect gas models are ideal gas models in the sense that they all follow the ideal gas equation of state
Perfect_gas
German automotive brand, subsidiary of Stellantis
Opel Blitz was one of the vehicles used by Germans in The Holocaust as a gas van to kill with carbon monoxide. After the end of the war, with the Brandenburg
Opel
Littell, Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 1992. Romijn, Peter, Bart Van Der Boom, Pim Griffioen, Ron Zeller, Marieke Meeuwenoord, and Johannes Houwink
The Holocaust in the Netherlands
The_Holocaust_in_the_Netherlands
Type of continuous-flow turbine engine
A gas turbine is a complete continuous-flow internal combustion engine in which air is compressed, fuel is burned in the compressed air, and the resulting
Gas-turbine_engine
SS officer (1911–1946)
prompted by two incidents in March and April of that year. First, one of the gas vans broke down on the highway while conveying living victims, and exploded
Hans_Bothmann
Service station in Montreal
project of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. Closed for several years, it was later converted to a community centre. It was the first gas station on the Island
Nuns'_Island_gas_station
Austrian police officer, SS officer and Nazi politician (1886–1947)
labourers to the Reich and occupied Norway. His Gestapo detachment used a gas van to kill 8,000 Jewish women and children who had been detained at the Sajmište
August_Meyszner
Polish-Jewish Holocaust survivor
deported to the Chelmno extermination camp. His mother was killed in a gas van. The camp SS selected Simon to work with a Jewish work detail which incinerated
Szymon_Srebrnik
Account of Auschwitz killings
York Times, 4 June 1944, 6. van Pelt (2002), 153–154. "Czechs Report Massacre; Claim the Nazis Killed 7,000 in Prison Gas Chambers", The New York Times
Vrba–Wetzler_report
conclusive evidence that Jews were gassed at Auschwitz-Birkenau, the Operation Reinhard extermination camps, and in gas vans, and that there was a systematic
Evidence and documentation for the Holocaust
Evidence_and_documentation_for_the_Holocaust
Electrostatic generator operating on the triboelectric effect
achieved without ionization of the air, or other dielectric gas, surrounding it. Since a Van de Graaff generator can supply the same small current at almost
Van_de_Graaff_generator
German SS officer (1909–1945)
gas-chamber (Einsatzwagen) was invented. Their earlier hospital victims were usually shot in the back of the neck. The unit, equipped with a gas van,
Herbert_Lange
Vrijschutter reported that "They [the deported Jews] are being killed in groups by gas, and others are killed by salvos of machinegun fire." In early 1943, the
The_Holocaust_in_Belgium
Anti-Polish extermination actions by Nazi Germany
killings during Operation Tannenberg, which was followed by the shooting and gassing of hospital patients and disabled adults as part of the wider Aktion T4
Operation_Tannenberg
Experimental chemistry technique
and semi-conductor molecules and clusters. Host–guest chemistry Inert gas Van der Waals interactions Radicals Riedel, Sebastian; Köchner, Tobias; Wang
Matrix_isolation
Table of constants for a list of gases and volatile liquids
The following table lists the Van der Waals constants (from the Van der Waals equation) for a number of common gases and volatile liquids. These constants
Van der Waals constants (data page)
Van_der_Waals_constants_(data_page)
Strategic debate during World War II
extermination of the Poles and Jews nationally. He did not know about the murder by gas, repeating the common belief at the time that deported Jews were being exterminated
Auschwitz_bombing_debate
Type of vehicle
small kitchen with a refrigerator powered by gas, battery, or campsite mains electricity, and a two-burner gas hob and grill. They usually have dual-voltage
Campervan
(October 7, 1944): The Jewish Sonderkommando—prisoners forced to work in the gas chambers and crematoria—staged an uprising at Auschwitz-Birkenau. Female
Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe
Jewish_resistance_in_German-occupied_Europe
Equation of the state of a hypothetical ideal gas
The ideal gas law, also called the general gas equation, is the equation of state of a hypothetical ideal gas. It is a good approximation of the behavior
Ideal_gas_law
1978 American television miniseries initially aired on NBC
more efficient murder method be found. Dorf attends a demonstration of a gas van. The partisans ambush a group of Ukrainian Trawnikis. Rudi is traumatized
Holocaust_(miniseries)
2nd episode of the 4th season of It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia
to purchase gas. However, en route to the apartment, Charlie, playing his role as the "wild card" of the group, reveals he cut the van's brakes and jumps
The Gang Solves the Gas Crisis
The_Gang_Solves_the_Gas_Crisis
Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
mistakes were made at that time, for example, the remnants of the original gas van were not saved. In the 1980s, aerial photography was used to map out the
Chełmno_nad_Nerem
Nazi eugenics subdivision
moved to different locations where people were killed in the T4 program. Gas van Henry Friedlander, The Origins of Nazi Genocide: From Euthanasia to the
Gemeinnützige Krankentransport GmbH
Gemeinnützige_Krankentransport_GmbH
Yugoslav-born naturalized American citizen & former Nazi SS & SD member (1922-2011)
used specially adapted gas vans, closed vans that were fed the exhaust from the engine; the victims, locked in the back of the van, died from the carbon
Peter_Egner
German Nazi paramilitary organisation (1925–1945)
Działdowo, as well as hundreds of Poles at Fort VII, where the mobile gas van and gassing bunker were developed. In 1941–42, SS-Sonderkommando Lange set up
Schutzstaffel
Inhalation of nitrous oxide for psychoactive effects
Nitrous oxide (N2O), commonly referred to as laughing gas, along with various street names, is an inert gas which can induce euphoria, dissociation, hallucinogenic
Recreational use of nitrous oxide
Recreational_use_of_nitrous_oxide
Poisonous gas consisting of carbon and oxygen
Carbon monoxide (chemical formula CO) is a poisonous, flammable gas that is colorless, odorless, tasteless, and slightly less dense than air. Carbon monoxide
Carbon_monoxide
Heat-trapping gas in an atmosphere
gases (GHGs) are the gases in an atmosphere that trap heat, raising the surface temperature of astronomical bodies such as Earth. Unlike other gases,
Greenhouse_gas
Mathematical model which approximates the behavior of real gases
ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many randomly moving point particles that are not subject to interparticle interactions. The ideal gas concept
Ideal_gas
Nazi concentration camp in Działdowo
the Soldau camp; 1,558 patients were murdered by the Lange Commando in a gas van from May 21 to June 8, 1940. Lange used his experience with exhaust gasses
Soldau_concentration_camp
Jean-Claude (1989). Auschwitz: Technique and operation of the gas chambers. Pelt, Robert Jan van (2002). The Case for Auschwitz: Evidence from the Irving Trial
Bibliography_of_the_Holocaust
German SS officer and Holocaust perpetrator (1904–1964)
shipment of a gas van (used by the Einsatzgruppen for executions by means of carbon monoxide asphixiation) and gas hoses for three gas vans on hand. Jost
Heinz_Jost
Physical laws describing gases
behaviour of gases under fixed pressure, volume, amount of gas, and absolute temperature conditions are called gas laws. The basic gas laws were discovered
Gas_laws
1888 painting by Vincent van Gogh
painting at night intrigued van Gogh. The vantage point he chose for Starry Night allowed him to capture the reflections of the gas lighting in Arles across
Starry_Night_Over_the_Rhône
Obsolete form of gas fuel
Producer gas is a fuel gas manufactured by blowing air and steam simultaneously through a coke or coal fire. It mainly consists of carbon monoxide (CO)
Producer_gas
Village in Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland
Mathias Beer (translated from the German) (2015). "The Development of the Gas-Van in the Murdering of the Jews". The Final Solution. Jewish Virtual Library
Kowale_Pańskie
Vehicle for road trips and camping
to conversion vans. At the same time, the price of gas was also increasing, leading still more people away from these large cargo vans, whose V-8 engines
Conversion_van
Assembly of electrodes at either end of an insulated tube filled with gas
temperature-resistant envelope. Gas-filled tubes exploit phenomena related to electric discharge in gases, and operate by ionizing the gas with an applied voltage
Gas-filled_tube
Covered transportation vehicle
A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. There is some variation in the scope of the word across the different English-speaking
Van
Code name for the creation of German extermination camps in Poland in World War II
extermination camp (Kulmhof), which entered operation in late 1941 and used gas vans. Chełmno was not a part of Reinhard. It came under the direct control of
Operation_Reinhard
Types of lighting device which burn gas fuel
Gas lighting is the production of artificial light from combustion of a fuel gas such as natural gas, methane, propane, butane, acetylene, ethylene, hydrogen
Gas_lighting
German chemist and a SS officer (1912–1986)
the Einsatzgruppen firing squads which had been used. When a prototype gas van was driven to KTI, Widmann explained to his young chemists that by adjusting
Albert_Widmann
Group of low-reactive, gaseous chemical elements
The noble gases (historically the inert gases, sometimes referred to as aerogens) are the members of group 18 of the periodic table: helium (He), neon
Noble_gas
Village near Minsk in Belarus
up in front of the pits and were shot. From the summer of 1942, mobile gas vans were also used. According to Yad Vashem, the Jews of Minsk were murdered
Maly_Trostenets
Holocaust victim (1911–1942)
the people who arrived were murdered in gas vans; the constant beatings by the SS; how the inside of the vans was cleaned between loads, and how the bodies
Szlama_Ber_Winer
Liquefaction of gases is physical conversion of a gas into a liquid state (condensation). The liquefaction of gases is a complex process that employs
Liquefaction_of_gases
Canadian actress (born 1986)
Emily Irene VanCamp (/ˌvænˈkæmp/; born May 12, 1986) is a Canadian actress. She gained acclaim and international recognition for portraying the lead role
Emily_VanCamp
1943 war crimes trial
Soviet prisoners of war, and other "undesirables". Shooting, hanging, and gas vans were used. Fifteen thousand Jews were murdered on 15 December 1941 in a
Kharkov_Trial
Molecule interaction model
van der Waals volume. In simplest case, for a spherical monatomic gas, it is simply the computed surface area of a sphere of radius equal to the van der
Van_der_Waals_surface
Dutch war criminal and businessman (born 1942)
ANP/BN/De Stem, 7 april 2015 "Chemical trader to pay gas victims". News24. Retrieved 6 July 2023. "Van Anraat was informant AIVD" (in Dutch). 20 December
Frans_van_Anraat
Austrian SS officer and war criminal (1911–2003)
Andorfer was informed that a gas van from Berlin would arrive to kill the camp's inmates. Andorfer personally oversaw the gassing operations, accompanying
Herbert_Andorfer
2012 explosion in Richmond Hill, Indianapolis, Indiana
and $4 million in property damage. Prosecutors alleged that the natural gas explosion was intentionally set to collect insurance money. Shirley, her
Richmond_Hill_explosion
NOx reduction technique used in gasoline and diesel engines
In internal combustion engines, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is a nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions reduction technique used in petrol/gasoline, diesel
Exhaust_gas_recirculation
State of matter
Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at very low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute
Bose–Einstein_condensate
Motor vehicle
Following the production of CNG-fuel (compressed natural gas) van prototypes derived from the Dodge Ram Van in 1992, Chrysler began production of a CNG-fuel version
Chrysler_minivans_(AS)
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