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Latin Christian armed expedition (1202–1204)
The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was a Latin Christian armed expedition called by Pope Innocent III. The stated intent of the expedition was to recapture
Fourth_Crusade
Religious wars of the High Middle Ages
recovery and defence of the Holy Land, as part of a wider crusading movement. The First Crusade was proclaimed by Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont
Crusades
1992 studio album by Bolt Thrower
The IVth Crusade is the fourth studio album by British death metal band Bolt Thrower. It was recorded at Sawmill Studios in August 1992 and produced by
The_IVth_Crusade
Crusades include the traditional numbered crusades and other conflicts that prominent historians have self-identified as crusades. The scope of the term
List_of_Crusades
Prelude to the First Crusade (April–October 1096)
The People's Crusade was the beginning phase of the First Crusade whose objective was to retake the Holy Land, and Jerusalem in particular, from Islamic
People's_Crusade
1189–1192 attempted re-conquest of the Holy Land
The Third Crusade (1189–1192) was an attempt led by King Philip II of France, King Richard I of England, and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to reconquer
Third_Crusade
Calendar year
son Alexios Angelos. This marks the main outcome of the Fourth Crusade. July 11 – The Crusaders take positions opposite the Palace of Blachernae on the
1203
This chronology presents the timeline of the Crusades from the beginning of the Third Crusade, first called for, in 1187 to the fall of Acre in 1291. This
Chronology of the Crusades, 1187–1291
Chronology_of_the_Crusades,_1187–1291
1217–1221 attempted conquest of the Holy Land
Saladin. After the failure of the Fourth Crusade, Innocent III again called for a crusade, and began organizing Crusading armies led by Andrew II of Hungary
Fifth_Crusade
Period of Byzantine history from 1185 to 1204
partitioning of the Byzantine Empire when in 1204, soldiers of the Fourth Crusade overthrew the last Angeloi Emperor, Alexios V Doukas. When Manuel I
Byzantine Empire under the Angelos dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Angelos_dynasty
1096–1099 Christian re-conquest of the Holy Land
The First Crusade (1096–1099) was the first of a series of religious wars, or Crusades, which were initiated, supported and at times directed by the Latin
First_Crusade
during the 12th century, but was delivered a mortal blow during the Fourth Crusade, when Constantinople was sacked and the Empire dissolved and divided
History of the Byzantine Empire
History_of_the_Byzantine_Empire
Continuation of the Roman Empire (330–1453)
fragmented in 1204, following the sack of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade; its former territories were then divided into competing Greek rump
Byzantine_Empire
Calendar year
Crusading enthusiasm, reaches some 21,000 men – the largest contingent of the Fourth Crusade. He proclaims the debts will be wiped if the Crusaders take
1202
Role of the Byzantine Empire in the Crusades
resentment. Although plans for a crusader attack on Constantinople had long existed, the city did not fall until the Fourth Crusade, largely due to internal Byzantine
Byzantium in the Crusading movement
Byzantium_in_the_Crusading_movement
Mosque and former church in Istanbul, Turkey
start of the East–West Schism. In 1204, it was converted during the Fourth Crusade into a Catholic cathedral under the Latin Empire, before being restored
Hagia_Sophia
frequent crusades within Christendom, such as the Albigensian Crusade, achieved their goal of maintaining doctrinal unity. The Fourth Crusade was initiated
Christianity in the 13th century
Christianity_in_the_13th_century
Religious crusade in Egypt from 1248 to 1254
The Seventh Crusade (1248–1254) was the first of the two Crusades led by Louis IX of France. Also known as the Crusade of Louis IX to the Holy Land, it
Seventh_Crusade
1204 conquest during the Fourth Crusade
Constantinople occurred in April 1204 and marked the culmination of the Fourth Crusade. Crusaders sacked and destroyed most of Constantinople, the capital of the
Sack_of_Constantinople
wake of the Fourth Crusade, the papacy extended consistent support to the Latin Empire of Constantinople—established by Western crusaders on former Byzantine
Crusading for the Latin Empire
Crusading_for_the_Latin_Empire
Period of Greek history following the Fourth Crusade (1204)
Byzantine Empire following the Sack of Constantinople of 1204 during the Fourth Crusade. The terms Frankokratia and Latinokratia derive from the name "Franks"
Frankokratia
Break of communion between the Western and Eastern churches
during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, and the imposition of Latin patriarchs. The emergence of competing Greek and Latin hierarchies in the Crusader states,
East–West_Schism
Decade
(2005). "Byzantine politics vis-à-vis the Fourth Crusade", in Laiou, Angeliki E. (ed.), Urbs capta: the Fourth Crusade and its consequences, Paris: Lethielleux
1200s_(decade)
Cathedral church in Venice, Italy
of Constantinople as a result of the Venetian participation in the Fourth Crusade. Among the plundered artefacts brought back to Venice were the four
St_Mark's_Basilica
c. 5th-century Byzantine palace in Constantinople (now Istanbul, Turkey)
from the year 1850 In the 1204 sacking of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade, Boukoleon was taken by Boniface of Montferrat who: "rode all along
Boukoleon_Palace
Byzantine incendiary weapon
fireships is mentioned during the 1203 siege of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade, but no report confirms the use of Greek fire. This might be because
Greek_fire
Last Byzantine Emperor from 1449 to 1453
Empire was crippled by the 1204 Fourth Crusade and the loss of Constantinople to the Latin Empire, formed by the crusaders. The Byzantine Empire, under the
Constantine_XI_Palaiologos
1453 Ottoman conquest of the Byzantine capital
captured only once: the Sack of Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade in 1204. The crusaders established an unstable Latin state in and around Constantinople
Fall_of_Constantinople
Capital of the Eastern Roman and Ottoman empires
nearly nine hundred years. In 1204, during the Fourth Crusade, the city was sacked by the Latin Crusaders and became the capital of the short-lived Latin
Constantinople
Crusader state that replaced the Byzantine Empire from 1204–1261
the Constantinopolitan Empire, was a feudal Crusader state founded by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade on lands captured from the Byzantine Empire.
Latin_Empire
Elite unit of the Byzantine Army
composition of the guard continued to the point of the Fourth Crusade. After the end of the Norwegian Crusade led by the Norwegian King Sigurd I Magnusson, the
Varangian_Guard
Ancient Roman circus in Istanbul
Roman ancestry has never been determined. They were looted during the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and installed on the façade of St Mark's Basilica in Venice
Hippodrome_of_Constantinople
1147–1149 Christian holy war
The Second Crusade (1147–1149) was the second major crusade launched from Europe. The Second Crusade was started in response to the fall of the County
Second_Crusade
Period of Byzantine history from 1261 to 1453
Palaiologos following its recapture from the Latin Empire, founded after the Fourth Crusade (1204), up to the Fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire. Together
Byzantine Empire under the Palaiologos dynasty
Byzantine_Empire_under_the_Palaiologos_dynasty
Lance that pierced Jesus' side as he hung on the cross
considered important to many contemporary sources on the Fourth Crusade. In addition to the crusaders' report to Pope Innocent III, the incident was documented
Holy_Lance
Historical period of Greece
pattern culminated in the Fourth Crusade; after seizing Constantinople in 1204 and founding the Latin Empire, the crusaders established several vassal
Byzantine_Greece
Framework of Christian holy war
Council of Clermont (1095), at which Pope Urban II proclaimed the First Crusade, an armed expedition in support of Eastern Christians under Muslim rule
Crusading_movement
Crete under Venetian rule
Byzantine Empire until 1204, when the Fourth Crusade dissolved the empire and divided its territories amongst the crusader leaders (see Frankokratia). Crete
Kingdom_of_Candia
Frankish/Latin Greece (including the Venetian possessions) lasted from the Fourth Crusade in 1204 to 1797, the year of the disestablishment of the Venetian Republic
History_of_Greece
ISBN 978-0-213-76478-4. Savignac, David (2020). "The Medieval Russian Account of the Fourth Crusade - A New Annotated Translation". Schreiner, Peter (1977). Die byzantinischen
List_of_Byzantine_emperors
Countries with an originally European shared culture
6 August 2018. Wolff, R. L. (1969). "V: The Fourth Crusade". In Hazard, H. W. (ed.). The later Crusades, 1189–1311. University of Wisconsin Press. p
Western_world
Byzantine emperor from 1203 to 1204
Philip's cousin, who had been chosen to lead the Fourth Crusade, but had temporarily left the Crusade during the siege of Zara in 1202 to visit Philip
Alexios_IV_Angelos
State in southern Greece (1205–1458)
d'Atenes) was one of the Crusader states set up in Greece after the conquest of the Byzantine Empire during the Fourth Crusade as part of the process known
Duchy_of_Athens
history of the Latin Empire—the crusader state that developed on the ruins of the Byzantine Empire after the Fourth Crusade in the 13th century. 1054 Spring
Timeline_of_the_Latin_Empire
close relations between the Balsha family and the Papacy. After the Fourth Crusade, a new wave of Catholic dioceses, churches and monasteries were founded
Religion_in_Albania
13th-century crusade against Catharism in southern France
The Albigensian Crusade (French: Croisade des albigeois), also known as the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229), was a military and ideological campaign initiated
Albigensian_Crusade
Head of the Catholic Church from 1198 to 1216
pagans of Livonia and the Albigensian Crusade against the Cathars in southern France. He organized the Fourth Crusade of 1202–1204, which ended in the sack
Pope_Innocent_III
Byzantine emperor from 1183 to 1185
authority. When the Byzantine Empire was temporarily overthrown in the Fourth Crusade (1204), Andronikos' descendants through his eldest son Manuel established
Andronikos_I_Komnenos
People of the Byzantine Empire
was rare in official Byzantine political correspondence prior to the Fourth Crusade of 1204. The name Hellenes was synonymous to "pagan" in popular use
Byzantines
Byzantine imperial family
family, increasing their prestige. When Constantinople fell to the Fourth Crusade in 1204, the Palaiologoi fled to the Empire of Nicaea, a Byzantine successor
Palaiologos
1187 Saladin victory over the Crusaders
The Battle of Hattin took place on 4 July 1187, between the Crusader states of the Levant and the forces of the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt, led by Sultan
Battle_of_Hattin
Conflicts between the Byzantine and Ottoman empires (1299–1453)
weak state even before the dismemberment of their Empire following the Fourth Crusade, failed to recover fully under the rule of the Palaiologos dynasty.
Byzantine–Ottoman_wars
2011 video game
Atlus USA for North America. The game is set during the Fourth Crusade and stars two crusaders. The player controls Denz de Bayle. He is joined by a partner
The_Cursed_Crusade
Continent
weakened considerably by the sack of Constantinople in 1204, during the Fourth Crusade.[excessive citations] Although it would recover Constantinople in 1261
Europe
Christian church based in Rome
the state Roman church developed gradually and was solidified by the Fourth Crusade, amidst theological and political disputes, especially over papal authority
Catholic_Church
Byzantine Greek noble family; ruling dynasty of the Empire of Nicaea (1204–1261)
the Fourth Crusade until the restoration of the Empire under the Palaeologan dynasty in 1261. Upon the sack of the Byzantine capital by the Crusaders, Alexios
House_of_Laskaris
Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey
Empire held it against advances by the First Bulgarian Empire. The Fourth Crusade weakened Byzantine control of the area, and it was eventually conquered
Aegean_Sea
1363–1797 overseas possession of Venice
Treaty of 1082. The Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) was initially intended to invade Muslim-controlled areas; instead, the Crusaders attacked the capital
Venetian rule in the Ionian Islands
Venetian_rule_in_the_Ionian_Islands
a list of the principal leaders of the Crusades, classified by Crusade. Emicho, leader of the German Crusade Walter the Penniless Bohemond, Prince of
List of principal leaders of the Crusades
List_of_principal_leaders_of_the_Crusades
Byzantine emperor from 1195 to 1203
Angelos. The most significant event of his reign was the attack of the Fourth Crusade on Constantinople in 1203, on behalf of Alexios IV Angelos. Alexios
Alexios_III_Angelos
Byzantine Greek noble family
his own brother Alexios III. The Angeloi were overthrown during the Fourth Crusade in 1204, by Alexios V Doukas, a relative from the Doukas family. The
Komnenos
with the Crusaders in the 12th century (when heraldry was becoming systematized in Western Europe), and particularly following the Fourth Crusade (1202–1204)
Byzantine_flags_and_insignia
Latin Emperor from 1206 to 1216
from 1206 until his death in 1216. He was one of the leaders of the Fourth Crusade in which the Byzantine Empire was conquered and Latin Empire formed
Henry_of_Flanders
Country in Southeastern Europe
transmitted Greek traditions to the wider Orthodox world. After the Fourth Crusade in 1204, Greece and the rest of the Byzantine empire were fragmented
Greece
Venetian maritime and overseas territories
domains reached its greatest nominal extent at the conclusion of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, with declaration of the acquisition of three octaves of the
Stato_da_Màr
Lord of Sidon
and Brétencourt. In that year he and his brother Simon left on the Fourth Crusade, but they disagreed with the Siege of Zara (an attack on a Christian
Guy de Montfort, Lord of Sidon
Guy_de_Montfort,_Lord_of_Sidon
Province of the late Byzantine Empire
This had been organized from former Byzantine territory after the Fourth Crusade (1204). In 1259, the Principality's ruler William II Villehardouin lost
Despotate_of_the_Morea
French noble
Blois from 1191 to 1205. He is best known for his participation in the Fourth Crusade and later prominent role in the Battle of Adrianople. He was the son
Louis_I,_Count_of_Blois
High altar retable in the Basilica di San Marco, Venice
Byzantine style, but some were probably looted in Constantinople during the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and brought from there to Venice. The Pala d'Oro was thought
Pala_d'Oro
Campaigns in Egypt by the Kingdom of Jerusalem
The Crusader invasions of Egypt were the repeated invasions of Fatimid Egypt from 1163 to 1169 by King Amalric of Jerusalem, who wished to strengthen the
Crusader_invasions_of_Egypt
Byzantine rump state (1204–1461)
formed with the help of Georgia's interventions in Trebizond. After the Fourth Crusade overthrew Alexios V Doukas and established the Latin Empire, the Empire
Empire_of_Trebizond
1840 oil painting by Eugène Delacroix
brutal episode of the armed expedition known as Fourth Crusade (12 April 1204), in which a Crusaders army abandoned their plan to invade Muslim Egypt
Entry of the Crusaders in Constantinople
Entry_of_the_Crusaders_in_Constantinople
Byzantine rump state (1204–1261)
was occupied by Western European and Venetian armed forces during the Fourth Crusade, a military event known as the Sack of Constantinople. Like the other
Empire_of_Nicaea
Ethnic group
became more forceful after the fall of Constantinople to the Crusaders of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. In the Empire of Nicaea, a small circle of the elite
Greeks
Although women's contributions to the crusades have historically been under-appreciated, recent scholarship has highlighted their indispensable contributions
Women_in_the_Crusades
II of France in 1199. In 1202, he began preparations for joining the Fourth Crusade. He transferred to the Priory of Lihons [fr] the homage his brother
Enguerrand_II_of_Boves
World Heritage Site in Peloponnese, Greece
of the peninsula, which had begun in 1205, in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade. Laconia was incorporated into the princely domain, and the young prince
Mystras
French nobleman and leader of the Albigensian Crusade (c. 1175–1218)
the Middle Ages. He took part in the Fourth Crusade and was one of the prominent figures of the Albigensian Crusade. Montfort is mostly noted for his campaigns
Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester
Simon_de_Montfort,_5th_Earl_of_Leicester
Usurper of the Byzantine Empire (died 1201)
who briefly became emperor during Constantinople's final siege by the Fourth Crusade, was named as the real mastermind behind the coup. He was certainly
John_Komnenos_the_Fat
Land branch of the armed forces of the Byzantine Empire
dynasty, leading to the dissolution of the Empire at the hands of the Fourth Crusade in 1204. The Emperors of Nicaea managed to form a small but effective
Byzantine_army
Christian states in the Levant, 1098–1291
of feudalism, the foundation for these polities was laid by the First Crusade, which was proclaimed by the Latin Church in 1095 to reclaim the Holy Land
Crusader_states
4th–13th century political institution
Kanabos as emperor in opposition to Isaac II and Alexius IV during the Fourth Crusade. Under the Palaeologus dynasty the title of senator survived for a time
Byzantine_senate
Solemn promise to God that one will participate in a crusade
The crusade vow (also crusading vow or crusader vow) was a solemn promise to God made before a representative of the Catholic Church legally binding oneself
Crusade_vow
American historian
Flanders," in The Fourth Crusade: Event, Aftermath, and Perceptions (Brookfield: Ashgate Publishing, 2008): 45–52. "Food and the Fourth Crusade: A New Approach
Thomas_F._Madden
Crusader state in the Cyclades (1207–1579)
the Cyclades archipelago in the Aegean Sea, in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, centered on the islands of Naxos and Paros. It included all the Cyclades
Duchy_of_the_Archipelago
1182 massacre of Roman Catholics in Constantinople
the side of the Byzantine Empire during the Sack of Constantinople (Fourth Crusade) in 1204. Only a handful of Venetians were present in Constantinople
Massacre_of_the_Latins
Crusade against Ifriqiya in 1270
The Eighth Crusade was the second Crusade launched by Louis IX of France, this one against the Hafsid dynasty in Tunisia in 1270. It is also known as the
Eighth_Crusade
Conflicts following the Fourth Crusade
Byzantine Empire in the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade in 1204, fought between the Latin Empire established by the Crusaders, various Byzantine successor states
Struggle for Constantinople (1204–1261)
Struggle_for_Constantinople_(1204–1261)
Sequence of historical events
with the West led to the Sack of Constantinople by the forces of the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and the dismemberment of the empire. Although a number of small
Decline of the Byzantine Empire
Decline_of_the_Byzantine_Empire
the bishop of Troyes from 1193 until his death. He took part in the Fourth Crusade (1202–1204) and in the founding of the Latin Empire. A younger son of
Garnier_de_Traînel
First Emperor of Nicaea (1205–1221)
on the throne. The Fourth Crusade forced Alexios III to flee from Constantinople in 1203. Theodore was imprisoned by the crusaders (commonly referred
Theodore_I_Laskaris
Former palace in Constantinople
formed part of the palace's substructure, still survives. After the Fourth Crusade, the Latin emperors favoured the Bucoleon Palace, but on the recapture
Palace_of_Blachernae
and sack of the city by the crusaders in 1204, which led to the establishment of the Frankokratia. Though the crusaders created a new line of Latin emperors
List_of_Roman_emperors
Naval force of the Byzantine Empire
which culminated in the disastrous dissolution of the Empire by the Fourth Crusade in 1204. After the Empire was restored in 1261, several emperors of
Byzantine_navy
1203 siege of Constantinople by a Crusader-Venetian alliance
of the Fourth Crusade, marking the beginning of a series of events that would ultimately lead to the fall of the Byzantine capital. The crusaders, diverted
Siege of Constantinople (1203)
Siege_of_Constantinople_(1203)
Byzantine Greek noble family
culminating in its dissolution by the Fourth Crusade in 1204 under Alexios IV Angelos. After the Fourth Crusade, another branch of the family managed
Angelos
1261 battle between the Latin and Nicaean Empires
had been the capital of the Latin Empire, a crusader state installed by Latin forces of the Fourth Crusade following the sack of Constantinople in 1204
Reconquest_of_Constantinople
Possible Byzantine emperor (c.1204-5)
needed] Virtually nothing is known of him prior to the events of the Fourth Crusade. He found favour after his brother Theodore married into the imperial
Constantine_Laskaris
City in Argolis, Greece
later of the Theme of the Peloponnese. In the aftermath of the Fourth Crusade, the Crusaders captured the castle built on Larisa Hill, the site of the ancient
Argos,_Peloponnese
Ruler of Epirus
Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade in 1204, he attached himself to Boniface of Montferrat. Soon, however, he abandoned the Crusader leader and went to
Michael_I_Komnenos_Doukas
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