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Censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community
Excommunication is an institutional act of religious censure used to deprive, suspend, or limit membership in a religious community or to restrict certain
Excommunication
Consecration of bishops by SSPX
"formally adhere" to the SSPX were excommunicated. The SSPX disputes these excommunications. The Society of Saint Pius X (SSPX) was founded in 1970 by Archbishop
2026_Écône_consecrations
Catholic practice
In the canon law of the Catholic Church, excommunication (from Latin ex- 'out of' and communio or communicatio 'communion'; literally 'exclusion from
Excommunication in the Catholic Church
Excommunication_in_the_Catholic_Church
disobedience to the Church or its teachings. In Roman Catholic canon law, excommunication is a censure and thus a "medicinal penalty" intended to invite the
List of people excommunicated by the Catholic Church
List_of_people_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church
Album by Tyler Glenn
Excommunication is the first solo album by Neon Trees singer Tyler Glenn, released on October 21, 2016, by Island Records. The title of the album refers
Excommunication_(album)
2001 studio album by The Meads of Asphodel
The Excommunication of Christ is the first full-length studio album by the black metal band The Meads of Asphodel. It was released on Supernal Music in
The_Excommunication_of_Christ
issued an edict of excommunication against Russian author and lay theologian Leo Tolstoy. The reason for Tolstoy's excommunication lies primarily in his
Excommunication of Leo Tolstoy
Excommunication_of_Leo_Tolstoy
Painting by Jean-Paul Laurens
The Excommunication of Robert the Pious (French: L'Excommunication de Robert le Pieux) is an 1875 painting by Jean-Paul Laurens, held by the Musée d'Orsay
The Excommunication of Robert the Pious
The_Excommunication_of_Robert_the_Pious
Term for something or someone vehemently hated or banned
liturgical meaning evolved again to mean a formal ecclesiastical curse of excommunication and the condemnation of heretical doctrines, the severest form of separation
Anathema
Congregation discipline as practiced by Jehovah's Witnesses
enforced, from reproof and restriction of congregational duties to excommunication, which includes shunning. Individuals who are removed may be later
Jehovah's Witnesses congregational discipline
Jehovah's_Witnesses_congregational_discipline
King of the Franks from 996 to 1031
years and, in the event of non-separation, they would be struck with excommunication. Moreover, at the end of three years of union, there were no living
Robert_II_of_France
1988 consecrations of SSPX bishops
Castro Mayer, and the consecrated bishops, had incurred automatic excommunication by participating in the consecration of bishops without papal consent
1988_Écône_consecrations
Schismatic traditionalist Catholic priestly fraternity
co-consecrator. This resulted in the automatic excommunication of the SSPX. The Holy See confirmed the excommunication of the entire society the following day
Society_of_Saint_Pius_X
Roman Catholic canonical decree
Jesus the King, on June 29, 2002, and is a follow-up to a decree of excommunication of Braschi and the women issued on August 5, 2002. In 1998, Braschi
Decree on the Attempted Ordination of Some Catholic Women
Decree_on_the_Attempted_Ordination_of_Some_Catholic_Women
has attached the penalty of excommunication; the list is not exhaustive. In most cases these were "automatic excommunications", wherein the violator who
List of excommunicable offences in the Catholic Church
List_of_excommunicable_offences_in_the_Catholic_Church
Radical Islamist group founded by Shukri Mustafa
wal-Hijra (Arabic: التكفير والهجرة, translation: "Excommunication and Exodus", alternatively "excommunication and emigration" or "anathema and exile"), was
Takfir_wal-Hijra
Abortion controversy in 2009
The excommunication of Margaret McBride occurred with the sanctioning by the American religious sister Margaret McBride in November 2009 of an abortion
Excommunication of Margaret McBride
Excommunication_of_Margaret_McBride
SSPX bishops individually incurred a disciplinary latae sententiae excommunication for this schismatic act. The SSPX maintained that it was canonically
Canonical situation of the Society of Saint Pius X
Canonical_situation_of_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X
Ways sentences are imposed in the Catholic Church
that the 1983 Code of Canon Law envisages are excommunication, interdict, and suspension. Excommunication prohibits participation in certain forms of liturgical
Latae sententiae and ferendae sententiae
Latae_sententiae_and_ferendae_sententiae
Spanish-Argentine bishop (born 1957)
officially declared the remission of the SSPX's contested automatic excommunications. In 2026, Bishop de Galarreta was again excommunicated from the Catholic
Alfonso_de_Galarreta
English excommunicated Catholic bishop (1940–2025)
declared all parties had incurred ipso facto automatic excommunication. The validity of the excommunication has always been denied by the SSPX, who, citing canon
Richard_Williamson_(bishop)
1570 papal bull by Pius V excommunicating Queen Elizabeth I of England
Those who shall act to the contrary we include in the like sentence of excommunication." Among the queen's offences, "She has removed the royal Council, composed
Regnans_in_Excelsis
Head of the Catholic Church since 2025
confronted the second Écône consecrations which resulted in renewed excommunications and schism with the Society of St. Pius X. Robert Francis Prevost was
Pope_Leo_XIV
Swiss bishop (born 1958)
Congregation for Bishops, on instructions from Pope Benedict XVI, lifted the excommunications. In July 2026, Fellay was automatically excommunicated from the Catholic
Bernard_Fellay
King of England from 1509 to 1547
took the step of excommunicating the King and Cranmer, although the excommunication was not made official until some time later. The King and Queen were
Henry_VIII
heresies in a variety of ways, including through theological debate, excommunication, and even violence. This is a list of some of the Christian heresies
List_of_Christian_heresies
Highest ecclesiastical censure in the Jewish community
Jewish community. It is a form of shunning and is similar to vitandus "excommunication" in the Catholic Church. Cognate terms in other Semitic languages include
Herem_(censure)
Roman Catholic Church issue since 1988
declared that the Society of St. Pius X was schismatic and decreed its excommunication. Pope John Paul II established the pontifical commission Ecclesia Dei
Dialogue between the Holy See and the Society of Saint Pius X
Dialogue_between_the_Holy_See_and_the_Society_of_Saint_Pius_X
French sedeprivationist bishop and theologian (1898–1988)
Doctrine of the Faith judged in 1983 that he had incurred "ipso facto excommunication" as a consequence. Regardless, Guérard des Lauriers himself later consecrated
Michel-Louis Guérard des Lauriers
Michel-Louis_Guérard_des_Lauriers
Political, medical and religious controversy
mother's life. The 1983 Code of Canon Law says that latae sententiae excommunication is incurred by "a person who procures a completed abortion" (Canon
2009 Brazilian girl abortion case
2009_Brazilian_girl_abortion_case
American musician (born 1983)
2016 solo album, Excommunication, is about his experience with the LDS Church and his frustration with their policies. Excommunication (2016) "Neon Trees
Tyler_Glenn
Abrahamic monotheistic religion
1965 by the Catholic and Orthodox churches, mutually revoking the excommunications that marked their Great Schism in 1054; the Anglican Catholic International
Christianity
Relations between Napoleon and the Catholic Church
turns and had two successive popes held prisoner, resulting in his excommunication by Pope Pius VII. In 1796, French troops under the command of General
Napoleon and the Catholic Church
Napoleon_and_the_Catholic_Church
French Catholic bishop (1945–2024)
Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, incurring automatic excommunication and suspension. The excommunication was later lifted by Pope Benedict XVI in 2009. The
Bernard_Tissier_de_Mallerais
Excommunicated Zambian bishop (born 1930)
mandate. Through that act alone, Milingo had incurred a latae sententiae excommunication, which was stated by the Holy See Press Office two days later. On December
Emmanuel_Milingo
Sri Lankan Catholic priest and theologian
intense international publicity and six days of negotiations, the excommunication was rescinded in January 1998. Although Balasuriya did not admit to
Tissa_Balasuriya
European political entity (800/962–1806)
famous Walk to Canossa in 1077, by which he achieved a lifting of the excommunication at the price of humiliation. Meanwhile, the German princes had elected
Holy_Roman_Empire
American researcher
Thaminder Singh Anand Born (1957-09-30) 30 September 1957 (age 68) Known for Excommunication by Akal Takht
Thaminder_Singh_Anand
Italian cardinal (born 1934)
notified Catholics in his diocese that they would incur automatic excommunication if they belonged to groups that espoused beliefs that contradicted
Giovanni_Battista_Re
12th-century dispute between Thomas Becket and Henry II of England
dispute with the king confiscating property and the archbishop issuing excommunications. King Henry II appointed his chancellor, Thomas Becket, as Archbishop
Becket_controversy
Dutch theologian, namesake for the Mennonites (1496–1561)
Protestant reformer John Calvin (1509–64), focusing on the issue of excommunication. This theological analysis stresses sharp contrasts between the two
Menno_Simons
Current calendar year
says SSPX bishop consecrations constitute 'schismatic act' subject to excommunication". OSV News. Retrieved June 30, 2026. "Episcopal Consecrations at Écône
2026
refused or threatened to refuse communion, or threatened to declare excommunication upon Catholic politicians who support abortion rights. In some cases
Eucharist denial to Catholic politicians over abortion
Eucharist_denial_to_Catholic_politicians_over_abortion
American SSPX bishop (born 1980)
was automatically excommunicated. The SSPX does not consider this excommunication valid.[better source needed] "The Coats of Arms and Mottos of the Future
Michael_Goldade
Many bishops, priests and monks strongly condemned theatrical amusements or even declared the actors to be "instruments of Satan", "a curse to the Church"
Catholic_Church_and_theatre
Masonic organizations were censured with automatic excommunication. Since 1983, excommunication is no longer automatic but optional. Pope John Paul II's
Papal_ban_of_Freemasonry
French Catholic archbishop (1905–1991)
the ceremony had incurred automatic excommunication, which Lefebvre refused to acknowledge. The excommunications were rescinded in 2009 by Pope Benedict
Marcel_Lefebvre
Latin Catholic legislation
person who actually procures an abortion incurs a latae sententiae excommunication". Before the December 2021 reform, the content related to this topic
Canon_1397_paragraph_2
Count of Toulouse
with Pope Innocent III over his tolerance of the Cathars led into his excommunication and the beginning of the Albigensian Crusade. Raymond was born at Saint-Gilles
Raymond_VI,_Count_of_Toulouse
election. They are collectively known as the College of Cardinals. Excommunication—literally, the denial of communion—usually means that a person is barred
List of cardinals excommunicated by the Catholic Church
List_of_cardinals_excommunicated_by_the_Catholic_Church
German teenager executed for resisting Nazism
Otto Berndt, refused to provide the second required signature on the excommunication certificate. However, a member of the mission presidency later provided
Helmuth_Hübener
Brazilian Catholic clergyman
Catholic and ally of Archbishop Marcel Lefebvre, he incurred automatic excommunication for participating in the 1988 illicit consecration of four bishops
Antônio_de_Castro_Mayer
Sir Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston (13 March 1620 – 21 October 1691), a Cavalier, was the first dignity Charles II conferred as King. Alexander
Alexander Seton, 1st Viscount of Kingston
Alexander_Seton,_1st_Viscount_of_Kingston
Excommunication ritual
phrase "bell, book, and candle" refers to a Latin Christian method of excommunication by anathema, imposed on a person who had committed an exceptionally
Bell,_book,_and_candle
1320 letter to Pope John XXII affirming Scottish independence from England
to Pope John XXII. It constituted King Robert I's response to his excommunication for disobeying the pope's demand in 1317 for a truce in the First War
Declaration_of_Arbroath
Filipino claimant to papacy (born 1970)
Philippines advised Catholics not to support Martinez or risk facing excommunication. Rojas says Martinez is not a Catholic priest, and therefore cannot
Rogelio_del_Rosario_Martinez
Christian church based in Rome
(1520) which accused the Pope of being the anti-Christ: this led to his excommunication in 1521. In Switzerland Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin and other Protestant
Catholic_Church
12th-century Anglo-Norman nobleman and assassin of Thomas Becket
William de Tracy (died c. 1189) was a knight and the feudal baron of Bradninch, Devon, with caput at the manor of Bradninch near Exeter, and was lord of
William_de_Tracy
Organization responsible for the upkeep of Sikh temples in Haryana, India
The Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee (Punjabi: ਹਰਿਆਣਾ ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਕ ਕਮੇਟੀ; abbr. HSGMC), is an organization responsible for the upkeep
Haryana Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee
Haryana_Sikh_Gurdwara_Management_Committee
Belief that is strongly at variance with customs
Christianity, and Islam has at times been met with censure ranging from excommunication to the death penalty. Heresy is distinct from apostasy, which is the
Heresy
Catholic religious movement
automatic excommunication in 1988, after illicit consecrations. In January 2009 the Prefect of the Congregation for Bishops remitted the excommunications the
Traditionalist_Catholicism
3rd-century scholar, priest, theologian and antipope
many places and at various times to punish determined sinners with excommunication ending at the hour of death or even refusing them communion in the
Novatian
Founder and former CEO of Operation Underground Railroad
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints of defaming him and argued that his excommunication was the result of a broader conspiracy. These claims, made in interviews
Tim_Ballard
American Jesuit (1897–1978)
English. The decree of excommunication was later published in the Acta Apostolicae Sedis. His followers claimed that his excommunication was invalid. Following
Leonard_Feeney
Papal bull issued by Pope Pius VII
decree's proclamation in Rome, capital of the Papal States, with an excommunication of Napoleon (though not by name) and all those who had contributed
Quum_memoranda
Ukrainian Traditionalist Catholic priest
Fr. Kovpak, through his links to the SSPX, had brought upon himself excommunication by "recognis(ing) the uncanonical foreign Bishop Bernard Fellay, who
Basil_Kovpak
Major branch of Christianity
monasticism, the authority of the pope, the ecclesiastical law, censure and excommunication, the role of secular rulers in religious matters, the relationship
Protestantism
Canadian polygamist
Winston Blackmore (born August 25, 1956) is the leader of a polygamous Fundamentalist Latter Day Saint religious group in Bountiful, British Columbia,
Winston_Blackmore
Head of the Catholic Church from 1585 to 1590
over-ambitious; he excommunicated King Henry IV of France and renewed the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth I of England. He is recognized as a significant
Pope_Sixtus_V
King of England from 1485 to 1509
(1493–1519) and persuaded Pope Innocent VIII to issue a papal bull of excommunication against all pretenders to Henry's throne. In 1506, Grand Master of
Henry_VII_of_England
Group advocating for legal priest marriage
celibacy. It was decided not to change the rule. Due to Milingo’s excommunication and his connection with the non-Catholic religious leader Sun Myung
Married_Priests_Now!
13th Century Jewish convert to Christianity
Paris by Rabbi Yechiel of Paris. While the precise reason for his excommunication is not known, Yechiel himself claims that it was because Donin had
Nicholas_Donin
Mormon vigilante
Sampson Avard (October 23, 1800 – April 15, 1869) was one of the founders and leaders of the Mormon fraternal organization known as the Danites, which
Sampson_Avard
American Catholic priest and social reformer (1837–1900)
advised McGlynn to come to Rome within forty days under penalty of excommunication. Holding that he had been guilty of no stubborn resistance and unaware
Edward_McGlynn
American frontiersman and territorial politician (1815–1883)
William Adams "Wild Bill" Hickman (April 16, 1815 – August 21, 1883) was an American frontiersman. He also served as a representative to the Utah Territorial
Wild_Bill_Hickman
Statement of belief
we see not, we shall have cause to be thankful to God and to them. Excommunication is a practice of the Bible to exclude members who do not respect the
Creed
Catholic archbishop
exception of Brazil’s abortion laws, Sobrinho stated that automatic excommunication had been incurred by the girl's mother and the medical team. Regarding
José_Cardoso_Sobrinho
Independent Catholic International organization
excommunicated by the Vatican, and his request for a revocation of the excommunication was denied, in Decree on the Attempted Ordination of Some Catholic
Roman_Catholic_Womenpriests
Tapered four-sided stone monument
sixteenth century (after reduced contact with Italy following the excommunication of Queen Elizabeth), Shakespeare failed to distinguish between pyramids
Obelisk
German theologian and philosopher
Jakob Frohschammer (6 January 1821 – 14 June 1893) was a German theologian and philosopher. Frohschammer was born at Illkofen, which is now in the municipality
Jakob_Frohschammer
Independent sect of Eastern Catholicism founded in 2009
slander (violation of can. 1452 CCEO). The penalty imposed was major excommunication. After an appeal, the sentence was upheld by the tribunal of the major
Ukrainian Orthodox Greek Catholic Church
Ukrainian_Orthodox_Greek_Catholic_Church
Head of the Catholic Church from 1227 to 1241
Europe complaining of his treatment. The suspension was followed by excommunication and threats of deposition, as deeper rifts appeared. Frederick II went
Pope_Gregory_IX
German priest, theologian and author (1483–1546)
outlaw at the Diet of Worms. At the time of Luther's death in 1546, his excommunication was still in effect. Luther taught that justification is not earned
Martin_Luther
French general and emperor (1769–1821)
2 December 2023. "Napoleon and the Pope: From the Concordat to the Excommunication". Archived from the original on 24 January 2018. Retrieved 23 January
Napoleon
Head of the Catholic Church in 1590
instituting the world's first known public smoking ban, threatening excommunication for those using tobacco in or near a church. Giovanni Battista Castagna
Pope_Urban_VII
Zambian Catholic prelate (1947–2026)
approval of the Holy See, which led him to incur the canonical penalty of excommunication latae sententiae. Mpundu died on 15 May 2026, at the age of 78, while
Telesphore_George_Mpundu
Ramerman and Callan were declared to have excommunicated themselves (excommunication latae sententiae) by the bishop. A few years later, the community invited
Mary_Ramerman
American Catholic priest (1947–2024)
James Brady Callan (October 19, 1947 – December 13, 2024) was an American Roman Catholic priest and one of the founders of the Spiritus Christi Community
James_Callan
Formal disaffiliation of a religious belief
voluntary action of its members. Such punishments may include shunning, excommunication, verbal abuse, physical violence, or even execution. The American sociologist
Apostasy
Largest church adhering to Mormonism
excommunication from the Mormon Church for undergoing breast removal surgery .... Allen, Samantha (March 15, 2016). "Mormon Man Risks Excommunication
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints
English memoirist, poet and cookery writer
Elizabeth Freke (1641–1714) was an English memoirist and poet, known for her diaries and remembrances, but also for a collection of recipes covering medicine
Elizabeth_Freke
Holy Roman Emperor from 1084 to 1105
alarming Alexander's successor, Gregory VII, who threatened him with excommunication for simony. In 1076, German bishops, encouraged by Henry, declared
Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor
17th-century Anglican
Ferdinando Adams (fl. 1636-1637) was a shoemaker and churchwarden in Ipswich who was excommunicated from the Anglican Church in 1636. Clement Corbet, Chancellor
Ferdinando_Adams
English nobleman (1243–1295)
fortress. On 6 October 1265 he received the papal absolution of his excommunication, and on 9 October that year the pardon of the King for his former support
Gilbert de Clare, 7th Earl of Gloucester
Gilbert_de_Clare,_7th_Earl_of_Gloucester
13th-century war in Pomerelia and Kuyavia
trial verdict, he had to financially compensate the victims to end his excommunication. He never managed to fulfill it. In 1239, around the Easter, Swantopolk
First war against Swantopolk II
First_war_against_Swantopolk_II
King of France from 1223 to 1226
marks, pledged never to invade England again, and was absolved of his excommunication. As prince and fulfilling the crusading vow of his father, Philip II
Louis_VIII_of_France
French nobleman (1025–1074)
Ralph IV (French: Raoul; born c. 1025, died 1074) was a northern French nobleman who amassed an extensive array of lordships lying in a crescent around
Ralph_IV_of_Valois
Term used in law
mitigation. In canon law, "aggravation" was a form of censure, threatening excommunication after three disregarded admonitions. In criminal law, aggravating factors
Aggravation_(law)
American Mormon leader (1806–1850)
Missouri leaders amid a leadership struggle with Smith. After his excommunication, Cowdery moved to Wisconsin, where he practiced law and became involved
Oliver_Cowdery
Confidentiality of Catholic confession
explicitly connects a sin to a penitent, "incurs a latae sententiae excommunication". One who breaks the seal "indirectly" (that is, through their words
Seal of confession in the Catholic Church
Seal_of_confession_in_the_Catholic_Church
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