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Jewish sect during the Second Temple period
here Essaion ("holding the Essenes in honour"; "a certain Essene named Manaemus"; "to hold all Essenes in honor"; "the Essenes"). In several places, however
Essenes
Type of bread
being milled into flour. Although sprouted breads like Essene bread (named after the Essenes) and Ezekiel bread (named after an ancient bread recipe
Sprouted_bread
Archaeological site in the West Bank
sect of highly ritualistic Jews called the Essenes, a conclusion that has come to be known as the "Qumran–Essene hypothesis". This hypothesis suggests that
Qumran
Ancient Jewish biblical manuscripts
scrolls with the Essenes well before any excavations at Qumran. The Qumran–Essene theory holds that the scrolls were written by the Essenes or by another
Dead_Sea_Scrolls
Jewish Tanna sage living during the era of the Zugot
hand and thenceforth bestowed special honors upon the Essenes. Jewishencyclopedia, MENAHEM THE ESSENE article Tractate "Hagigah" 16b Hagigah, 16b Yerushalmi
Menahem_the_Essene
Gnostic religion
movement and the Essenes. Similar to the Essenes, it is forbidden for a Mandaean to reveal the names of the angels to a gentile. Essene graves are oriented
Mandaeism
Jewish sect or group active in Judea from 2nd century BCE to 1st century CE
the Essenes, suggest clashing ideologies and social positions between the Essenes and the Sadducees. In fact, some scholars suggest that the Essenes originated
Sadducees
Hungarian scholar (1905–1979)
the Essenes were vegetarians, and that vegetarianism was prescribed by Jesus. Szekely claimed to have found an Aramaic translation of The Essene Gospel
Edmond_Bordeaux_Szekely
Former Jewish sect
the Magharians with the Essenes, and the author referred to as the "Alexandrinian" with Philo (whose affinity for the Essenes is well-known), based on
Magarites
Unknown priest in the Dead Sea Scrolls
argues that the Teacher of Righteousness was not only the leader of the Essenes at Qumran, but was also considered something of a precursor to Jesus Christ
Teacher_of_Righteousness
Village in Belgium
Essene is a submunicipality of Affligem in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. It was an independent municipality until the municipal reorganization
Essene,_Belgium
American physician
"Essene Order of Light", a spiritual organization based upon teachings from the Jewish Kabbalah, the Torah, and modern interpretations of the Essenes.
Gabriel_Cousens
American university professor, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (1939–2010)
Eric J. Essene (April 26, 1939, Berkeley, California – May 20, 2011, Ann Arbor, Michigan) was a professor emeritus of geosciences and a metamorphic petrologist
Eric_J._Essene
1991 book by Michael Baigent and Richard Leigh
ISBN 0-8028-4650-5. Hartmut Stegemann (1998). The Library of Qumran: On the Essenes, Qumran, John the Baptist, and Jesus. BRILL. pp. 13–27. ISBN 978-90-04-11210-0
The Dead Sea Scrolls Deception
The_Dead_Sea_Scrolls_Deception
One of the seven Dead Sea Scrolls
seemingly fits with the theory that the scroll(s) was a product of the Essenes, a mystic Jewish sect, first mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his Natural
Isaiah_Scroll
Hebrew religious text ascribed to Enoch
period of the Qumranic experience. The relation between 1 Enoch and the Essenes was noted even before the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls. While there
Book_of_Enoch
Religious way of life
scholars as the "Essenes". Josephus records that Essenes existed in large numbers, and thousands lived throughout Roman Judaea. The Essenes have gained fame
Monasticism
1995 book by Norman Golb
the stance that the scrolls were not the work of the Essenes (or a group similar to the Essenes) living in the Qumran area, as most scholars think, but
Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?
Who_Wrote_the_Dead_Sea_Scrolls?
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
to Moses. The three prominent religious parties were the Pharisees, the Essenes, and the Sadducees. Together these parties represented only a small fraction
Jesus
Municipality type B in Jerusalem, Palestine
mention of Simon the Leper at Bethany in Mark's Gospel suggests that the Essenes, or pious patrons from Jerusalem who held to a closely similar view of
Bethany
1st-century Jewish revolutionary
1st-century Judaism (the first three being the Sadducees, the Pharisees, and the Essenes). Josephus blames this fourth sect for the First Jewish–Roman War of 66–73
Judas_of_Galilee
Prophet (6 BC – AD 30)
and Jesus were relatives. Some scholars think that John belonged to the Essenes, a semi-ascetic Jewish sect who expected a messiah and practised ritual
John_the_Baptist
3rd-century BCE Hebrew text
between the Elcesaites and the earlier Second Temple Jewish sect of the Essenes (Essaioi "Saints"). During the twentieth century a number of finds shed
The_Book_of_Giants
Written descriptions of the life and teachings of Jesus Christ
six months later. The gospel references the Essenes a lot, and is allegedly written by an elder of the Essene order who was a close friend of Jesus'. The
List_of_gospels
Period in the life of Jesus
12 and 29, Jesus had visited India and Nepal, or had studied with the Essenes in the Judaean Desert. Modern mainstream Christian scholarship has generally
Unknown_years_of_Jesus
1979 book by John M. Allegro
revealed by the Dead Sea Scrolls. Allegro sets New Testament themes alongside Essene writings and pesharim to reinterpret the Gospel narrative. First published
The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Christian Myth
The_Dead_Sea_Scrolls_and_the_Christian_Myth
One of the Dead Sea Scrolls
communities' identification with Essenes has centered on comparing and contrasting Josephus' descriptions of Essenes (he describes other "philosophical
Community_Rule
Ezekiel's prophetic vision of a city
Priest.[dubious – discuss] The Essenes were not against the institution of the Temple and its cult per se. The Essenes at Qumran predicted the reunified
New_Jerusalem
Jewish holiday
Wine, and then New Oil. (See also below, at "The Book of Jubilees and the Essenes".) Shavuot is not explicitly named in the Bible as the day on which the
Shavuot
Jewish social movement and school of thought
he divides the Jews in the 1st century AD. (The other schools were the Essenes, who were generally apolitical, and may have emerged as a sect of dissident
Pharisees
2001 Bible of the Palmarian Catholic Church
of the Essenes, (II) The Prophet Jonas, fourth Superior General of the Essenes, (III) The Prophet Micheas, fifth Superior General of the Essenes, (VI)
Palmarian_Bible
Desert in the southern Levant
religious sects, including the classical-era Jewish ascetics of Qumran (likely Essenes) and Byzantine-era Christian monks who practiced spiritual isolation in
Judaean_Desert
American sculptor and theologian
He was influenced by Buddhism, Confucianism and the teachings of the Essenes. He opposed the slaughter of animals, slavery and war. He argued that eating
Upton_C._Ewing
Jewish nationalist movement
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Zionism
1990 single by the Orb
"Little Fluffy Clouds [Dance MK 2]" (8:26) "Into The Fourth Dimension [Essenes Beyond Control]" (7:03) "Little Fluffy Clounds [Ambient MK 1]" (4:29) 12-inch:
Little_Fluffy_Clouds
Ethnoreligious group
flourished during the late Second Temple period, namely the Sadducees and Essenes, eventually disappeared, while Pharisaic beliefs became the foundational
Jews
Doctrine in Christian theology
salvation while leaving others to reprobation. Jewish groups like the Essenes may have believed in predestination, but there were complex differences
Predestination
American biblical scholar (born 1937)
even three groups of "Essenes", “Zealot” or “Sicarii Essenes", and for Eisenman, this is a better definition of what the Essenes were than the more normative
Robert_Eisenman
American writer and spiritual leader
Order of the Essenes and was its president. The Order of the Essenes was a vegetarian organization that was based on the teachings of the Essenes. In 1906
Grace_Mann_Brown
Jews who practice and observe Judaism
Pharisees House of Hillel House of Shammai Hellenistic Judaism Sadducees Essenes Zealots Sicarii Jewish Christianity Judaizers Nazarenes Ebionites Biblists
Religious_Jews
Series of revolts by the Jews against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 AD
linked to the Temple, vanished as a distinct group, as did the ascetic Essenes. However, the Pharisees, who had generally opposed the first revolt, emerged
Jewish–Roman_wars
Area of Jewish theology
about the ultimate fate of individuals were diverse. The Pharisees and Essenes believed in the immortality of the soul, but the Sadducees did not. The
Jewish_eschatology
Jewish diaspora of Central Europe
CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of May 2026 (link) Taylor, J. E. (2012). The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-955448-5
Ashkenazi_Jews
Practices not in the Written Torah
aspects of Sadduceean law and methods of interpretation are not known. Essenes, a monastic group of people, had a "monastic organization". Though they
Oral_Torah
1970 book by John Marco Allegro
University Press. p. 180. ISBN 978-0195156317. Taylor, Joan E. (2012). The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 305
The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross
The_Sacred_Mushroom_and_the_Cross
Lost prophetic book, written during the reign of Trajan
book was used by a number of Transjordanian sects, including Ebionites, Essenes, Nazarenes, and especially by Elcesaites who based their origins on it
Book_of_Elchasai
Temple Scroll was regarded by Yigael Yadin as "The Torah According to the Essenes". On the other hand, Hartmut Stegemann, a contemporary and friend of Yadin
List of manuscripts from Qumran Cave 11
List_of_manuscripts_from_Qumran_Cave_11
One of the original seven Dead Sea Scrolls
relationship between 1 Enoch and the Book of Jubilees, some scholars believe the Essenes might be the authors of the Genesis Apocryphon, although others dispute
Genesis_Apocryphon
1985 American film
Essene healing magic. The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Christian myth The Sacred Mushroom and the Cross Joan E. Taylor (November 15, 2012). The Essenes,
Healers_of_the_Dead_Sea
Israeli archaeologist
Pliny as locating Ein Gedi south of the Essenes. Archaeologically, see "Not a Settlement of Hermits or Essenes: A Response to Y. Hirschfeld, A settlement
Yizhar_Hirschfeld
Deity and symbol in the occult traditions
the scholars who worked on the Dead Sea Scrolls, argued in his book The Essene Odyssey that the word "Baphomet" was created with knowledge of the Atbash
Baphomet
Saint and follower of Jesus
wife or partner, but rather as an unwilling voyeur. Ehrman says that the Essenes, a contemporary Jewish sect who shared many views with Jesus, and the apostle
Mary_Magdalene
Jewish banker to European royalty
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Court_Jew
First-century Christian sect
between the Ossaeans and the Nasaraeans, the two main groups within the Essenes: The Nasaraeans – they were Jews by nationality – originally from Gileaditis
Nazarene_(sect)
Jewish organizations opposed to the existence of the State of Israel
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
List of Jewish anti-Zionist organizations
List_of_Jewish_anti-Zionist_organizations
One of the Dead Sea scrolls
identified with the Essenes. If this is correct, then 4QMMT helps scholars understand the issues that may have caused the Essene community to separate
4QMMT
American historian and writer
Judaistic and Essene cultures which all influenced the Essene Order from which the Christian Gospels originated. According to Larson, the Essenes absorbed
Martin_A._Larson
Qumran: On the Essenes, Qumran, John the Baptist, and Jesus. Grand Rapids MI, 1998. See also Broshi, Magen, "What Jesus Learned from the Essenes", Biblical
Historical background of the New Testament
Historical_background_of_the_New_Testament
Religion of the Jewish people
there were several small Jewish sects: the Pharisees, Sadducees, Zealots, Essenes, and Christians. After the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE, these
Judaism
Jewish coming of age rituals
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Bar_and_bat_mitzvah
Society Period Notes Ref. Essenes 2nd century BCE – 1st century CE Mystic Jewish sect with communal living practices. Frisian freedom 800–1523 Territory
List_of_stateless_societies
Calendar year
possible date). Ignatius of Antioch becomes the third bishop of Antioch. The Essenes place the Dead Sea Scrolls in the caves at Qumran. July 4 – Salonia Matidia
AD_68
Jewish ethnic group
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Georgian_Jews
Ancient Jewish Christian sect in Sassanid southern Mesopotamia
the Sampsæans, descendants of the earlier Elcesaites, and also among the Essenes and many other Ebionite communities. Epiphanius also mentions that the
Elcesaites
American hypnotherapist and author (1931–2014)
presented lectures in conjunction with the release of her book Jesus and the Essenes. She spoke at the Ozark UFO Conference in 1997. She also established the
Dolores_Cannon
Works of unknown authorship or of doubtful origin
asserted that the Sadducees only accepted the Pentateuch (Torah). The Essenes in Judea and the Therapeutae in Egypt were said to have a secret literature
Apocrypha
1st-century BCE set of 18 Jewish poems
to God's favor. There have been attempts to link the text both to the Essenes of Qumran, who separated themselves from what they saw as a wicked world
Psalms_of_Solomon
Hypothetical early Jewish-Christian congregation and its house of worship
Essenes in Jerusalem? In a long series of publications since 1976 the Dominican archaeologist Bargil Pixner has been arguing the case for an Essene quarter
Church_of_Zion,_Jerusalem
First five books of the Hebrew Bible
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Torah
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
History_of_the_Jews_in_Guinea
Prophets according to Biblical and rabbinical tradition
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Prophets_in_Judaism
Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974
ISBN 978-0-8050-8086-5 Yahudah, Abba (2014), A journey to the roots of Rastafari : the Essene Nazarite link, Trafford Publishing, ISBN 978-1-4907-3316-6 Yuajah, Empress
Haile_Selassie
Dispersion of Jews around the globe
in Political Relations, Brill Publishers 2001 p.507. J. E. Taylor The Essenes, the Scrolls, and the Dead Sea, Oxford University Press 2012 p.243:'Up
Jewish_diaspora
20th-century French archaeologist
of a Jewish sect known as the Essenes and that the contents of the scrolls often reflect what is known of the Essenes from the ancient Jewish historian
Roland_de_Vaux
Early Christian and Jewish religious systems
century AD) seems to make a distinction between two main groups within the Essenes: "Of those that came before his [Elxai (Elkesai), an Ossaean prophet] time
Gnosticism
Ancient Jewish Document
scholars believe that they were composed to determine the lifestyles of the Essenes who lived in the camps and did not join the Qumran community. The redactor
Damascus_Document
Political concept emphasizing the right of Jews to live and organize wherever they are
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Doikayt
International Transcendent Theosophy Zikrism Historical Judaism Biblists Essenes Bana'im Hemerobaptists Maghāriya Nasoraeans Hellenistic Judaism God fearers
List of religions and spiritual traditions
List_of_religions_and_spiritual_traditions
Christian anti-pagan polemic
the "heresy" of the Jews, who are divided into Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes. Book X concludes the work with a summary of what has written throughout
Refutation_of_All_Heresies
Ethnoreligious group's past
Kitos War Bar Kokhba revolt Second Temple Judaism Pharisees Sadducees Essenes Zealots Jewish Christians Archaeology Dead Sea Scrolls History of the Jews
Outline_of_Jewish_history
1700s–1900s European granting of liberties to Jews
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Jewish_emancipation
Converts to Judaism
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Gerim
Period in Jewish history during the 6th century BCE
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Babylonian_captivity
Jewish group of the 2nd century BC Maccabean Revolt
eventually became the order of the Essenes. The theory is supported by linguistic similarity between the Greek term for the Essenes, Essēnoi or Essaioi (Ἐσσηνοά
Hasideans
Italian monk, Biblical scholar and archaeologist (1921-2002)
he argued for a connection between Jesus and the Essenes and for the identification of the "Essene Gateway" (excavated beginning in 1977) on Mount Zion
Bargil_Pixner
1969 novel by Michael Moorcock
and a group of Essenes find him there, and take him back to their community, where they care for him for some time. Since the Essenes witnessed his miraculous
Behold_the_Man_(novel)
Proto-Christian breakaway Jewish movement
Sadducees, and Zealots, but also other less influential sects, including the Essenes. The first century BC and first century AD saw a growing number of charismatic
Jewish_Christianity
Christian church in Andalusia, Spain
predecessors, “Superior General of the Essenes”, the Israelite “Caudillos” of the Maccabees are also presented as Essenes/Carmelites. The Palmarians glorify
Palmarian_Catholic_Church
Jewish denomination
Judaism that had previously existed. He took much from the old Sadducees and Essenes, whose remnants still survived, and whose writings—or at least writings
Karaite_Judaism
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
History_of_the_Jews_in_Poland
Middle Eastern ethnoreligious group
congregation of bnia nhura, meaning 'Sons of Light', a term used by the Essenes. The bit manda (beth manda) is described as biniana rba ḏ-šrara ("the Great
Mandaeans
King and High Priest of Judea
claim both the high priesthood and the kingship. The Sadducees and the Essenes were not concerned about Aristobulus taking the title of king, but the
Aristobulus_I
Temple in Jerusalem (c. 516 BCE–70 CE)
massive crowds and guide them smoothly toward the Temple gates. Judas the Essene, a prophetic figure who lived under the Hasmoneans, is depicted by Josephus
Second_Temple
Branch of Judaism practiced by the Beta Israel
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
Haymanot
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
History of the Jews in Lebanon
History_of_the_Jews_in_Lebanon
Rebellion against Roman rule (66–73/74 CE)
indicates that around this time, the Qumran community, commonly linked to the Essenes, was destroyed, with some members possibly joining the rebels at Masada
First_Jewish–Roman_War
Maccabean Revolt Hasmonean dynasty Sanhedrin Schisms (Pharisees, Sadducees, Essenes, Zealots, Sicarii) Second Temple Judaism (Hellenistic Judaism) Jewish–Roman
History of the Jews in Greenland
History_of_the_Jews_in_Greenland
American scholar and academic
Oaks Books, 2009. Secrets from the Lost Bible. Council Oaks Books, 2006. Essene Book of Everyday Virtues: Spiritual Wisdom From the Dead Sea Scrolls. Council
Ken_Hanson_(Judaist)
Jewish minor sect during the Second Temple period
Bana'im were a minor Jewish sect and an offshoot of the Essenes during the second century in Palestine. Other minor sects of Judaism include Hypsistarians
Bana'im
1888 painting by Vincent van Gogh
an Émile Burnouf article claiming Buddhist missionaries sowed the seeds Essenes later reaped as Christianity; failed attempts creating his own Christ in
Café_Terrace_at_Night
ESSENES
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