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Type of clinical depression
Endogenous depression is an atypical subclass of major depressive disorder (clinical depression). It could be caused by genetic and biological factors
Endogenous_depression
Worldwide economic depression (1929–1939)
The Great Depression was a severe global economic downturn from 1929 to 1939. The period was characterized by high rates of unemployment and poverty, drastic
Great_Depression
Historical view of extreme depression
of movement and mood. They attached the term to the concept of "endogenous depression" (claimed to be caused by internal forces rather than environmental
Melancholia
Topics referred to by the same term
economics Endogenous money In context of biology and medicine: Endogenous depression Endogeny (biology) Exogeny This disambiguation page lists articles
Endogeneity
Combination of major depressive disorder and persistent depressive disorder
PDD, and double depression are similar and that, as a result, the three disorders are unable to be differentiated. Endogenous depression Levitt, A.; Joffe
Double_depression
State of low mood and aversion to activity
Depression is a mental state of low mood and aversion to activity. It affects about 3.5% of the global population, or about 280 million people worldwide
Depression_(mood)
Antidepressant
Psychotic depression, unipolar endogenous depression, melancholic depression, retarded depression, agitated depression and neurotic depression all respond
Moclobemide
Medical condition in which the gut produces excess alcohol
Auto-brewery syndrome (ABS) (also known as gut fermentation syndrome or endogenous ethanol fermentation) is an extremely rare and underdiagnosed medical
Auto-brewery_syndrome
Irreversible non-selective MAO inhibitor and antidepressant drug
treatment-resistant depression. It has demonstrated efficacy in various depressive subtypes, including atypical depression, melancholic depression, and endogenous depression
Isocarboxazid
Benzodiazepine used for severe insomnia
effectiveness of temazepam on the insomnia of patients with neurosis and endogenous depression". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 19 (10): 1647–1652. PMID 4311716. Griffiths
Temazepam
English activist and priest (1911–2007)
eleven-episode series about the Samaritans in 1972. The episode dealt with endogenous depression. He continued his campaigning work into his later life, founding
Chad_Varah
Proposed form of clinical depression
German-speaking countries, assumed masked depression (German: die larvierte Depression) to be a form of endogenous depression. The term was largely used in the
Masked_depression
Persian polymath (850-934)
sadness and depression, and obsession. He further classified three types of depression: normal depression or sadness (huzn), endogenous depression originating
Abu_Zayd_al-Balkhi
German psychologist (1887–1967)
the terms endogenous depression, derived from Emil Kraepelin's use of the adjective to mean biological in origin, and reactive depression, more usually
Kurt_Schneider
Economic theory
Endogenous growth theory holds that economic growth is primarily the result of endogenous and not external forces. Endogenous growth theory holds that
Endogenous_growth_theory
Psychedelic drug
5-HT1A, and 5-HT2C, which are believed to mediate its psychedelic effects. Endogenous DMT, a psychedelic compound, is naturally produced in mammals, with evidence
Dimethyltryptamine
Pharmaceutical drug
(1971) (76) concluded that deprenyl has a favourable effect in endogenous depression. It was claimed by these authors that the racemic form elicited
Deprenyl
Type of medication
melancholic or endogenous depression. Phenelzine may be particularly useful when anxiety or panic symptoms predate or accompany depression, while tranylcypromine
Monoamine_oxidase_inhibitor
Class of drug
hydrocodone, oxycodone, and fentanyl; antagonist drugs such as naloxone; and endogenous peptides such as endorphins. The terms opiate and narcotic are sometimes
Opioid
Sustained downturn in economic activity
An economic depression is a period of carried long-term economic downturn that is the result of lowered economic activity in one or more major national
Economic_depression
Günter (October 1976). "Sleep Deprivation and Clomipramine in Endogenous Depression". The Lancet. 308 (7991): 912. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(76)90580-8
Sleep_in_bipolar_disorder
Biological system of neurotransmitters
Based on the cell, these effects may result in the on-site synthesis of endogenous cannabinoids anandamide or 2-AG by a process that is not entirely clear
Endocannabinoid_system
Economy's supply of money that is determined endogenously
Endogenous money is an economy’s supply of money that is determined endogenously—that is, as a result of the interactions of other economic variables,
Endogenous_money
Empty-chair technique Encoding (memory) Encopresis Encounter group Endogenous depression Endogeny Energy psychology Engram Entitlement Entomophobia Enuresis
Index_of_psychology_articles
Class of compounds in the nervous system
restricted concentration range for optimal pharmacodynamic activity. Endogenous MAEs include certain trace amines like β-phenylethylamine and tryptamine
Monoaminergic activity enhancer
Monoaminergic_activity_enhancer
ECT was, the guidelines concluded, an effective treatment for endogenous depression. There was less certainty about its value in mania, and little evidence
History of electroconvulsive therapy in the United Kingdom
History_of_electroconvulsive_therapy_in_the_United_Kingdom
British physician (born 1939)
as "cancer", "diabetes" and "endogenous depression", and other phenomena such as "stress, anxiety, and mild depression", which she claimed were characterised
Carol_Black_(rheumatologist)
Spanish psychiatrist (1945–2019)
tricyclics and MAOIs in atypical depression and endogenous, and now they prefer dual-action antidepressants in endogenous depression and antidepressant action
Julio_Vallejo_Ruiloba
Endogenous regeneration in the brain is the ability of cells to engage in the repair and regeneration process. While the brain has a limited capacity for
Endogenous_regeneration
Study of an economy as a whole
are endogenously determined, rather than the exogenous technological improvement used to explain growth in Solow's model. Another type of endogenous growth
Macroeconomics
Drugs that lower neurotransmission levels, reducing brain activity
its endogenous ligand is deltorphin. The activation of DOR may have antidepressant effects. δ-opioid agonists can produce respiratory depression at very
Depressant
Depression symptom varying during the day
strongly associated with melancholic depression, which is also referred to as endogenous or somatic depression. According to the diagnostic criteria
Diurnal_mood_variation
Biogenic substance with one or more amine groups
Spermine Spermidine There is a distinction between endogenous and exogenous biogenic amines. Endogenous amines are produced in many different tissues (for
Biogenic_amine
Branch of biology concerning depressive disorders in humans
displaced by endogenous serotonin, indicating that receptor density or affinity is reduced. Dopamine transporter binding is not changed in depression. Since
Biology_of_depression
Medical condition
Seasonal affective disorder (SAD, colloquially referred to as seasonal depression) is a mood disorder subset in which people who typically have normal mental
Seasonal_affective_disorder
Argentine pharmacologist
Foundation (Dortmund, West Germany) for research in the field of endogenous depression. 1986: Pythagoras Prize in Pharmacology. Mediterranea University
Salomon_Z._Langer
Symptoms from excessive exposure to glucocorticoids such as cortisol
well as depression, are commonly associated with elevated cortisol, and may be early indicators of exogenous or endogenous Cushing's. Depression and anxiety
Cushing's_syndrome
Chemical compound
Lithium ion (Li+) is used in psychiatry for the treatment of mania, endogenous depression, and psychosis, and also for treatment of schizophrenia. Usually
Lithium_sulfate
Reason-guided psychological depression
cognitive therapy BS, Amanda Stevens (2023-03-21). "What Is Meant By Endogenous Depression?". BasePoint Academy. Retrieved 2023-04-19. Gordon Parker (2009)
Rational_depression
Atypical antipsychotic medicine
agonist as well as antagonist properties depending on the endogenous dopamine levels. When endogenous dopamine levels are high (as is hypothesized in schizophrenic
Cariprazine
Chemical compound
double-blind study comparing binedaline and imipramine in the treatment of endogenous depression". Neuropsychobiology. 12 (1): 34–38. doi:10.1159/000118107. PMID 6239991
Binedaline
Glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid hormone Cortisol supplied as a medication
synthetic corticosteroids have also been reviewed and summarized. The endogenous production rate of cortisol is approximately 5.7 to 9.9 mg/m2 per day
Hydrocortisone
Krell D, Bogerts B (1997). "Changes in CSF spaces differ in endogenous and neurotic depression A planimetric CT scan study". J Affect Disord. 45 (3): 179–88
Evolutionary approaches to depression
Evolutionary_approaches_to_depression
that of depression in younger people). Some debate about its status as a potential clinical entity, as well as possible causation - endogenous or environmental
Involutional_melancholia
Macroeconomic method
between three key features is defined. This dynamic interaction between the endogenous variables of output, inflation, and the nominal interest rate, is fundamental
Dynamic stochastic general equilibrium
Dynamic_stochastic_general_equilibrium
Chemical compound
PMID 14129290. MCWHINNEY IR, MORRELL DC (January 1965). "Treatment of mild endogenous depression with a monoamine oxidase inhibitor: a controlled trial in general
Phenoxypropazine
of Sanity: Neuroses, Schizophrenic Borderline States, Atypical Endogenous Depression. Copenhagen: Munksgaard. 1979. ISBN 978-8716084095. Beigel, Hugo
Thorkil_Vanggaard
1930s programs of U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt
series of economic, social, and political reforms in response to the Great Depression in the United States under President Franklin D. Roosevelt. He introduced
New_Deal
1972 British TV drama series
wife. The sixth episode, "Nobody Understands Miranda", dealt with endogenous depression. Jean Marsh portrayed Miranda, an outwardly successful fashion designer
The_Befrienders
Class of medication used to treat depression and other conditions
and endogenous opioids in the reward pathways. It has been argued by Kirsch that although antidepressants may be used efficaciously for depression as active
Antidepressant
Medical condition
been defined as a state wherein features and symptoms unique to both depression and hypomania occur either simultaneously or in very short succession
Mixed_affective_state
Medication primarily used to treat severe acne
side effects include muscle aches and pains (myalgias), headaches, and depression in some users. Some of those side effects can persist long after the discontinuation
Isotretinoin
BDNF-modulating drug for depression and PTSD
receptor, the TLX is now known to have the fatty acid oleic acid as an endogenous agonist. Oleic acid is peripherally selective, necessitating the use of
Amdiglurax
Natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle
rhythms can refer to any process that originates within an organism (i.e., endogenous) and responds to the environment (is entrained by the environment). Circadian
Circadian_rhythm
Chemical compound
"[Results of using tricyclic antidepressive drugs in the treatment of endogenous depression (comparative analysis of 7 drugs)]". Psychiatria Polska (in Polish)
Dibenzepin
British psychiatrist (1938–2024)
that electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) could reduce the symptoms of endogenous depression, albeit over a short time period. This finding has been substantially
Tim_Crow
American psychiatrist
PLUTCHIK. "The use of lithium in affective disorders: I. Acute endogenous depression." American Journal of Psychiatry 125, no. 4 (1968): 487–491. Stallone
Ronald_R._Fieve
Pharmaceutical compound
reserpine-like substances (fenoharman, reserpine) in the therapy of endogenous depressions]". Deutsches Medizinisches Journal (in German). 13: 424–425. PMID 14477998
Fenharmane
Intervals of expansion and recession in economic activity
the market system are an endogenous characteristic of it. The 19th-century school of under consumptionism also posited endogenous causes for the business
Business_cycle
Experimental antidepressant
antidepressant actions of ketamine in rodents. By potentiating the effect of endogenous glutamate at the AMPA receptor, osavampator more directly influences AMPA
Osavampator
countries. The impetus for that major statistical effort was the Great Depression and the rise of Keynesian economics, which prescribed a greater role for
Measures of national income and output
Measures_of_national_income_and_output
Chemical compound
21-dihydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one), also referred to as allotetrahydrocorticosterone, is an endogenous neurosteroid. It is synthesized from the adrenal hormone deoxycorticosterone
Tetrahydrodeoxycorticosterone
Chemical compound
"[Results of using tricyclic antidepressive drugs in the treatment of endogenous depression (comparative analysis of 7 drugs)]". Psychiatria Polska (in Polish)
Noxiptiline
Monoamine that acts as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator
(related to catecholamines): Phenethylamine (PEA) N-Methylphenethylamine (endogenous amphetamine isomer) Phenylethanolamine m-Tyramine p-Tyramine 3-Methoxytyramine
Monoamine_neurotransmitter
Organic compound, a stimulant in humans
biological target that is common to all members of this subclass. Numerous endogenous compounds—including hormones, monoamine neurotransmitters, and many trace
Phenethylamine
Chemical compound
detailed study comparing flurothyl and ECT in patients with severe endogenous depression, reported the degree of anterograde amnesia to be similar, but the
Flurothyl
Individual's capacity to choose what they pay attention to and what they ignore
what they pay attention to and what they ignore. It is also known as endogenous attention or executive attention. In lay terms, attentional control can
Attentional_control
Technique in statistics
or predictor) variable of interest is correlated with the error term (endogenous), in which case ordinary least squares and ANOVA give biased results.
Instrumental_variables
Chemical compound
"Potent neuroprotective properties against the Alzheimer beta-amyloid by an endogenous melatonin-related indole structure, indole-3-propionic acid". J. Biol
Tryptophan
Decrease in the general price level
with economic depression, as occurred in the Great Depression and the Long Depression. Deflation was present during most economic depressions in US history
Deflation
known as melancholia and is now known as clinical depression, major depression, or simply depression and commonly referred to as major depressive disorder
History_of_depression
Transient state of euphoria from physical exertion
several endogenous euphoriants are responsible for producing exercise-related pleasurable feelings, specifically phenethylamine (an endogenous psychostimulant)
Runner's_high
1960s experimental antidepressant drug
"Cyprolidol and imipramine: a double-blind controlled study in endogenous depression". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 19 (6): 955–956. PMID 4896165. Korol B
Cyprolidol
Pain medication of the opiate family
chemically related endogenous opioid peptides that function as neuropeptides and have similar effects to morphine. Morphine is an endogenous opioid in humans
Morphine
Drug that increases alertness
excitatory neurotransmitters (e.g., nicotine) or by blocking the activity of endogenous agents that promote sleep (e.g., caffeine). Stimulants can affect various
Stimulant
Macroeconomic theory
2024. Wray, L Randall: Money and Credit in Capitalist Economies: The Endogenous Money Approach, Edward Elgar Publishing, 1990 ISBN 1-85278-356-7 pp.149
Modern_Monetary_Theory
Chemical compound
(MAO-A) inhibitors, which prevent the degradation of serotonin and other endogenous tryptamines. It is also suppressed by the serotonin 5-HT1A receptor full
5-Hydroxytryptophan
French professor of psychiatry at Bordeaux University (1934-2025)
Peyre, F.; Martinez, R.; Verdoux, H.; Bourgeois, M. (1990). "[Endogenous depression and the Newcastle scale II. Study with 147 patients (2)]". Annales
Marc_Louis_Bourgeois
Theory of equilibrium between supply and demand
The model can include factors such as taxes, money, endogenous production functions, and endogenous institutions, etc. The structural equilibrium model
General_equilibrium_theory
Swedish economist (1851–1926)
theory of endogenous money – money created by the internal workings of the economy, rather than external factors, and various theories of endogenous money
Knut_Wicksell
Medication
(-)-BPAP in major depression". Neuropsychopharmacol Hung. 6 (4): 210–220. PMID 15825677. Knoll J (August 2003). "Enhancer regulation/endogenous and synthetic
Selegiline
Chemical compound
inhibit enzymes involved in the degradation of enkephalins and other endogenous regulatory peptides, and this action may be involved in their effects
Selank
Anticonvulsant medication
analgesic action of pregabalin animal models and in clinical use. The endogenous α-amino acids L-leucine and L-isoleucine, which closely resemble pregabalin
Pregabalin
Steroid medication
higher for several weeks. This is approximately equal to the amount of endogenous cortisol produced by the body every day. As such, the HPA axis starts
Prednisone
Risk factors in developing an illness
Social predictors of depression are aspects of one's social environment that are related to an individual developing major depression. These risk factors
Social predictors of depression
Social_predictors_of_depression
Holds that money is created endogenously by the banking sector
money is created endogenously by the banking sector, rather than exogenously by central bank lending; it is a theory of endogenous money. It is also
Monetary_circuit_theory
Chemical compound
GHB deaths. Levels lower than this may be due to GHB or to postmortem endogenous elevations. In multiple studies, GHB has been found to impair spatial
Γ-Hydroxybutyric_acid
Inflation driven by a rise in the cost of goods and services
Interest rate Liquidity trap Money Creation Demand Liquidity preference Endogenous Supply Dynamics and theory Aggregate demand Effective demand Aggregate
Cost-push_inflation
Study of the development of social production
Interest rate Liquidity trap Money Creation Demand Liquidity preference Endogenous Supply Dynamics and theory Aggregate demand Effective demand Aggregate
Political_economy
School of economic thought
which is very influential in neo-Keynesian economics, because they argue endogenous bank lending to be more significant than central banks' money supply for
Post-Keynesian_economics
Glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells
(quinolinate) – endogenous glutamate site agonist Glycine – endogenous glycine site agonist Alanine (D-alanine, L-alanine) – endogenous glycine site agonist
NMDA_receptor
Economics of regulation
Interest rate Liquidity trap Money Creation Demand Liquidity preference Endogenous Supply Dynamics and theory Aggregate demand Effective demand Aggregate
Regulatory_economics
Endogenous inhibitory neurosteroid
sold under the brand name Zulresso, and was used to treat postpartum depression. It was given by injection into a vein. Side effects of brexanolone may
Allopregnanolone
Chronic sleep disorder
Rather, the disorder may also reflect a fundamental inability of the endogenous circadian timing system to maintain normal internal phase relationships
Delayed_sleep_phase_disorder
Chemical compound
inhibit enzymes involved in the degradation of enkephalins and other endogenous regulatory peptides (IC50 = 10 μM), though the clinical significance of
Semax
Anomaly of self-awareness
aversive stimuli. Neurochemically, potential involvement of serotonergic, endogenous opioid, and glutamatergic NMDA pathways has also been proposed. Depersonalization
Depersonalization
Class of medications
5α-reductase, which is involved in the metabolic transformations of a variety of endogenous steroids. 5-ARIs are most known for preventing conversion of testosterone
5α-Reductase_inhibitor
Syrian-American neuroscientist (born 1945)
understanding of the neurobiology of emotions, including pain, anxiety, depression, and substance abuse. Akil and her colleagues are best known for providing
Huda_Akil
Collection of narrow banking reforms proposed for the US in 1935
reform the monetary and banking system of the United States. The Great Depression had been caused in part by excessive private bank lending, so the plan
Chicago_Plan
Medication
which is remarkable given that the endogenous opioid system is important in normal hedonic functioning. Because endogenous opioids are involved in the brain
Naltrexone
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