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Any mathematical model describing semiconductor diodes
In electronics, diode modelling refers to the mathematical models used to approximate the actual behaviour of real diodes to enable calculations and circuit
Diode_modelling
Two-terminal electronic component
rectification Diode-connected transistor Diode modelling Fast/ultrafast diode Flame rectification Lambda diode Lr-diode p–n junction Small-signal model https://computerhistory
Diode
Electronic circuit analysis method
capacitance and resistance of the diode. This procedure is described in more detail under diode modelling#Small-signal_modelling, which provides an example of
Small-signal_model
Semiconductor light source
A light-emitting diode (LED) is an electronic component that uses a semiconductor to emit light when current flows through it. Electrons in the semiconductor
Light-emitting_diode
Electrical engineering equation
The Shockley diode equation, or the diode law, named after transistor co-inventor William Shockley of Bell Labs, models the exponential current–voltage
Shockley_diode_equation
Semiconductor–semiconductor junction
Capacitance–voltage profiling Deep-level transient spectroscopy Delocalized electron Diode modelling Field-effect transistor n–p–n transistor p–n–p transistor Semiconductor
P–n_junction
Circuit arrangement of four diodes
A diode bridge is a bridge rectifier circuit of four diodes that is used in the process of converting alternating current (AC) from the input terminals
Diode_bridge
explainability into an LSTM inference pipeline. Diode modelling Transistor models#Large-signal nonlinear models Snowden, Christopher M.; Miles, Robert E. (2012-12-06)
Large-signal_model
Circuit simulation software
Log: 0 0 0 GridStyle: 1 } } Electronics portal Transistor model Diode modelling Compact Model Coalition Comparison of EDA software List of free electronics
LTspice
Diode that works using quantum tunneling
A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor diode that has effectively "negative resistance" due to the quantum mechanical effect called
Tunnel_diode
Diode that emits light from an organic compound
organic light-emitting diode (OLED), also known as organic electroluminescent (organic EL) diode, is a type of light-emitting diode (LED) in which the emissive
OLED
Solid-state electrically operated switch also used as an amplifier
current (ICE) increase exponentially according to the Shockley diode model and the Ebers–Moll model. Because of this exponential relationship, the BJT has a
Transistor
Electronic component delivering stable electric current regardless of voltage
VBE varies logarithmically with current level: for more detail see diode modelling. See above note on logarithmic current dependence. "Tung-Sol: Curpistor
Current_source
Electric current generation from light
of the series resistance is estimated by using the single diode model or the double diode one. In most photovoltaic applications, the radiation source
Photovoltaic_effect
Display technology
LED display is a flat panel display that uses an array of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as pixels for a video display. Their brightness allows them to be
LED_display
Overview of and topical guide to electronics
Transformer Active elements: Diode Zener diode Light-emitting diode PIN diode Schottky diode Avalanche diode Laser diode Microcontroller Operational amplifier
Outline_of_electronics
Network device that permits data flow in only one direction
unidirectional gateway or data diode) is a network appliance or device that allows data to travel in only one direction. Data diodes can be found most commonly
Unidirectional_network
History of semiconductor light source
The history of the light-emitting diode begins with the 1906 discovery of electroluminescence from a solid state diode by Henry Joseph Round. In 1927, Russian
History_of_the_LED
SPICE-class circuit simulator
transistor (BJT) models, including the latest versions of VBIC, HICUM, Mextram, HBT, and Gummel-Poon models Diode models, including the diode, Phillips level
Spectre_Circuit_Simulator
Transistor that uses both electrons and holes as charge carriers
Gummel–Poon SPICE model is often used, but it suffers from several limitations. For instance, reverse breakdown of the base–emitter diode is not captured
Bipolar_junction_transistor
Equipment in thermodynamics
The term "thermal diode" can refer to: a (possibly non-electrical) device which allows heat to flow preferentially in one direction; an electrical (semiconductor)
Thermal_diode
Semiconductor diode based upon the p–n junction
A p–n diode is a type of semiconductor diode based upon the p–n junction. The diode conducts current in only one direction, and it is made by joining
P–n_diode
DC-DC voltage step-down power converter
contain at least two semiconductors (a diode and a transistor, although modern buck converters frequently replace the diode with a second transistor used for
Buck_converter
Practical physics application
Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) produce light (or infrared radiation) by the recombination of electrons and electron holes in a semiconductor, a process called
Light-emitting_diode_physics
Discrete device in an electronic system
behaviors. Diode, rectifier, diode bridge Schottky diode (hot carrier diode) – super fast diode with lower forward voltage drop Zener diode – allows current
Electronic_component
Device that controls current between electrodes
the electric field in the tube. The first, and simplest, vacuum tube, the diode or Fleming valve, was invented in 1904 by John Ambrose Fleming. It contains
Vacuum_tube
DC-to-DC power converter with an output voltage greater than its input voltage
switched-mode power supply (SMPS) containing at least two semiconductors, a diode and a transistor, and at least one energy storage element: a capacitor,
Boost_converter
Type of solid state switch
MOSFET voltage drop can be modeled as a resistance, with the voltage drop proportional to current. By contrast, the IGBT has a diode-like voltage drop (typically
Insulated-gate bipolar transistor
Insulated-gate_bipolar_transistor
Type of transistor
incorporate a body diode. If the characteristics of the body diode are not taken into consideration, the FET can experience slow body diode behavior, where
Field-effect_transistor
Multivalued function in mathematics
current and voltage as explicit functions of each other in a circuit model of a diode with both series and shunt resistances was first reported in the year
Lambert_W_function
2-D grid of wires where data is represented by the presence or absence of diodes at nodes
electronics, a diode matrix is a two-dimensional grid of wires, with diodes connecting at selected intersections. A single row of the diode matrix is activated
Diode_matrix
Solid-state photodetector
A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD), also called Geiger-mode avalanche photodiode (G-APD or GM-APD) is a solid-state photodetector within the same
Single-photon_avalanche_diode
Tunneling diode
A resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) is a diode with a resonant-tunneling structure in which electrons can tunnel through some resonant states at certain energy
Resonant-tunneling_diode
Display technology for use in mobile devices and televisions
Active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) screens are a type of OLED display device technology. OLED describes a specific type of thin-film-display
AMOLED
First successful type of transistor, developed in 1947
a plastic triangle—a configuration which is essentially a point-contact diode. He then carefully sliced through the gold at the tip of the triangle. This
Point-contact_transistor
Modeling semiconductor behavior
were used in the design process, see. Compact Model Coalition Diode modelling Technology CAD Transistor models C. Duvvury and A. Amerasekera, ESD: a pervasive
Semiconductor_device_modeling
Power semiconductor electronic device
in the tens of volts. A-IGCTs are used where either a reverse conducting diode is applied in parallel (for example, in voltage source inverters) or where
Integrated gate-commutated thyristor
Integrated_gate-commutated_thyristor
Optoelectronics component
A superluminescent diode (SLED or SLD) is an edge-emitting semiconductor light source based on superluminescence. It combines the high power and brightness
Superluminescent_diode
MOSFET that can handle significant power levels
creates a diode between the drain (cathode) and the source (anode) of the MOSFET, making it able to block current in only one direction. Body diodes may be
Power_MOSFET
Circuit that produces electrical noise
including temperature-controlled resistors, temperature-limited vacuum diodes, Zener diodes, and gas discharge tubes. A source that can be switched on and off
Noise_generator
"crystal" mixer diodes, used in radar units as a frequency mixer element in microwave radar receivers. A parallel project on germanium diodes at Purdue University
History_of_the_transistor
Type of display device
technologies that use color filters, such as blue/UV organic light-emitting diode (OLED), MicroLED, or QNED display panels. QD-OLED displays, which use blue
Quantum_dot_display
Integrated circuit customized for a specific task
1967, Fairchild Semiconductor introduced the Micromatrix family of bipolar diode–transistor logic (DTL) and transistor–transistor logic (TTL) arrays. Complementary
Application-specific integrated circuit
Application-specific_integrated_circuit
Device used in television cameras
initial photoconductor used was selenium, other targets—including silicon diode arrays—have been used. Vidicons with these targets are known as Si-vidicons
Video_camera_tube
Vacuum tube used to display images
by the German physicist Ferdinand Braun in 1897. It was a cold-cathode diode, a modification of the Crookes tube with a phosphor-coated screen. Braun
Cathode_ray_tube
Electronic device/component that increases the strength of a signal
unwanted oscillation. Also, the use of fixed diode bias as shown here can cause problems if the diodes are not both electrically and thermally matched
Amplifier
Device for generating microwaves
the electrodes. With no magnetic field present, the tube operates as a diode, with electrons flowing directly from the cathode to the anode. In the presence
Cavity_magnetron
Gas-filled tube for voltage regulation employing either glow or corona discharge
filament to emit electrons. Electrically, these devices resemble Zener diodes, with the following major differences: They rely on gas ionization, rather
Voltage-regulator_tube
Devices that measure magnetic field strength using the Hall effect
As mass-production costs have declined, an increasing number of consumer models have become available. Hall-effect sensors can also be found on some high-performance
Hall_effect_sensor
The laser diode rate equations model the electrical and optical performance of a laser diode. This system of ordinary differential equations relates the
Laser_diode_rate_equations
Electronic component
the two sides of the capacitor. This effect is intentionally exploited in diode-like devices known as varicaps. If a capacitor is driven with a time-varying
Capacitor
Powerful incandescent lamp used for photography
halogen lamps which, in their turn, are being overtaken by light-emitting diode (LED) lamps. Photoflood lamps are still used in special cases by the motion
Photoflood
Temperature control system
which is capable of continuous control (as are at least some Honeywell models), effectively controlling the heater like a lamp dimmer, and gradually increasing
Thermostat
Type of electrical current converter
using a diode and a switch. A non-isolated Ćuk converter comprises two inductors, two capacitors, a switch (usually a transistor), and a diode. Its schematic
Ćuk_converter
Micro-electronic component
Systems on chip are modeled with standard hardware verification and validation techniques, but additional techniques are used to model and optimize SoC design
System_on_a_chip
Type of voltage regulator
regulator). Simple linear regulators may only contain as little as a Zener diode and a series resistor; more complicated regulators include separate stages
Linear_regulator
Technology for constructing integrated circuits
wells and substrate (for e.g., n-well vs. p-substrate). In modern process diode leakage is very small compared to sub threshold and tunnelling currents
CMOS
Alternative to silicon-based photovoltaics
a compact model for perovskite different structures based on experimental transport data. Minshen Lin et al. proposed a modified diode model to quantify
Perovskite_solar_cell
Type of transistor
(E) and two bases (B1 and B2) and so is sometimes known a "double-base diode". The base is formed by a lightly doped n-type bar of silicon. Two ohmic
Unijunction_transistor
Type of resistor whose resistance varies with temperature
styles, such as axial-leaded glass-encapsulated (DO-35, DO-34 and DO-41 diodes), glass-coated chips, epoxy-coated with bare or insulated lead wire and
Thermistor
Nonlinear two-terminal fundamental circuit element
2373674 Chua, L. O.; Tseng, C. (1974), "A memristive circuit model for p-n junction diodes", International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications,
Memristor
Superconducting quantum material diode
A Josephson diode (JD) is a special type of Josephson junction (JJ), which conducts (super)current in one direction better than in the opposite direction
Josephson_diode
Amateur radio transceiver
low-pass filter to a PIN-diode. In rx mode, these are turned off. The rx signal then passes through a DAN235U; this is a dual diode, and when in UHF rx mode
Yaesu_FT-817
Electronic circuit formed on a small, flat piece of semiconductor material
in-house by integrated device manufacturers (IDMs) or using the foundry model. IDMs are vertically integrated companies (like Intel and Samsung) that
Integrated_circuit
Type of electrical rectifier with a liquid cathode
power rectification before the advent of semiconductor rectifiers, such as diodes, thyristors and gate turn-off thyristors (GTOs). These solid state rectifiers
Mercury-arc_valve
Antenna for receiving power
rectenna element consists of a dipole antenna with a diode connected across the dipole elements. The diode rectifies the AC induced in the antenna by the microwaves
Rectenna
Solar cell that can produce electrical energy from each side of the cell
S2CID 251552073. Lorenzo, Eduardo (2021). "On the historical origins of bifacial PV modelling". Solar Energy. 218: 587–595. Bibcode:2021SoEn..218..587L. doi:10.1016/j
Bifacial_solar_cells
Quantum mechanical phenomenon
radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. Tunnelling applications include the tunnel diode, quantum computing, flash memory, and the scanning tunnelling microscope
Quantum_tunnelling
Electrical safety device that provides overcurrent protection
design does not allow for fitting of RCDs or RCBOs. Some Wylex standard models were made with an RCD instead of the main switch, but (for consumer units
Fuse_(electrical)
Type of MOSFET where the gate is electrically isolated
source current using standard MOS transistor models. Therefore, to derive a set of equations that model the large signal operation of an FGMOS device
Floating-gate_MOSFET
British electronic engineer and academic
Semiconductor Device Modelling, Introduction to Semiconductor Device Modelling and Introduction to Semiconductor Device Modelling. He published one of
Christopher_Snowden
Property that an increasing voltage results in a decreasing current
devices: tunnel diode, resonant tunneling diode and other semiconductor diodes using the tunneling mechanism Gunn diode and other diodes using the transferred
Negative_resistance
Solid-state semiconductor device
safeguard against spurious dv/dt triggering. This will mask the gate's supposed diode-type behaviour when testing a TRIAC with a multimeter. In datasheets, the
TRIAC
Type of field-effect transistor
silicon materials Transistor model – Simulation of physical processes taking place in an electronic device Intrinsic diode – MOSFET that can handle significant
MOSFET
Frequency mixing function in signal processing
analog circuit of diodes takes the shape of a ring, a diode ring. The circuit is similar to a bridge rectifier, except that all four diodes are polarized
Ring_modulation
Device that plays LaserDisc discs
player models read discs by using a helium–neon laser. In 1984, Pioneer Corporation introduced the first consumer player with a solid-state laser diode. This
LaserDisc_player
Modeling language for analog circuits
(c), and the ambient temperature of the simulated circuit: // Ideal Diode module diode (a, c); inout a, c; electrical a, c; parameter real IS = 1.0e-14;
Verilog-A
Type of transistor
microseconds. Accurate simulation of OECTs is possible using the drift-diffusion model. OECTs are currently the focus of intense development for applications in
Organic electrochemical transistor
Organic_electrochemical_transistor
Electric converter
the centre of a half bridge goes low, the capacitor is charged through a diode, and this charge is used to later drive the gate of the high-side FET a
Charge_pump
Solar power cell with multiple band gaps from different materials
under illumination are obtained by shifting the J-V characteristics of a diode in the dark downward by Iph. Since solar cells are designed to supply power
Multi-junction_solar_cell
Electronic circuit that behaves chaotically
and nonlinearity are combined in the device NR, which is called "Chua's diode". This device is not sold commercially but is implemented in various ways
Chua's_circuit
Electrical circuit power converter
voltage to a higher DC voltage, typically using a network of capacitors and diodes. Voltage multipliers can be used to generate a few volts for electronic
Voltage_multiplier
MOS field-effect transistor with more than one gate
released on March 1, 2012 by UC Berkeley BSIM Group, is the first standard model for FinFETs. BSIM-CMG is implemented in Verilog-A. Physical surface-potential-based
Multigate_device
Threshold of percolation theory models
pd = 0 or 1, we have pure DP, while when pd = 1/2 we have the random diode model or essentially OP, with the threshold twice the OP value. For other values
Percolation_threshold
Magnetic effect in insulators between ferromagnets
conserved during tunneling, the current can be described in a two-current model. The total current is split in two partial currents, one for the spin-up
Tunnel_magnetoresistance
Electrical isolation mechanism
isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas
Resistive_opto-isolator
Device performing a Boolean function
real op-amps for comparison). The primary way of building logic gates uses diodes or transistors acting as electronic switches. Today, most logic gates are
Logic_gate
Field-effect transistor device
for active-matrix pixel addressing of individual organic light-emitting diodes. The most beneficial aspect of TFT technology is its use of a separate transistor
Thin-film_transistor
Central computer component that executes instructions
instruction set architecture was a 32-bit instruction set, the System/360 Model 30 and Model 40 had 8-bit data paths in the arithmetic logical unit, so that a
Central_processing_unit
Bipolar junction transistor operated in the avalanche breakdown region
SPICE model, capable of avalanche breakdown behavior simulation. "Operating the pulsed laser diode SPL LLxx", "Range finding using pulsed laser diodes" OSRAM
Avalanche_transistor
Devices in automobiles to charge the battery and power the electrical system
1960s, automobiles used DC dynamo generators with commutators. As silicon-diode rectifiers became widely available and affordable, the alternator gradually
Alternator_(automotive)
Connector used to connect to mains power
defined by the standard CEI 23-50 and referred to as "Type L". This includes models rated at 10 A and 16 A that differ in contact diameter and spacing. Both
AC_power_plugs_and_sockets
Type of thin-film solar cell
Schottky diode Step recovery diode (SRD) Zener diode Resonant-tunneling diode (RTD) Photoreflector Backward diode Geometric diode Lr-diode Chua's diode BARITT
Dye-sensitized_solar_cell
Hardware description language
entity DIODE is generic (iss : current := 1.0e-14); port (terminal anode, cathode : electrical); end entity DIODE; architecture IDEAL of DIODE is quantity
VHDL-AMS
Electrical circuit used to power a LED
circuit or LED driver is an electrical circuit used to power a light-emitting diode (LED). The circuit must provide sufficient current to light the LED at the
LED_circuit
Type of computer monitor
A flexible organic light-emitting diode (FOLED) is a type of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) incorporating a flexible plastic substrate on which the
Flexible organic light-emitting diode
Flexible_organic_light-emitting_diode
Type of electrical junction
junction forms a Schottky barrier, making a device known as a Schottky diode, while the non-rectifying junction is called an ohmic contact. (In contrast
Metal–semiconductor_junction
Type of field-effect transistor
P–N junction formed between the channel and the gate. As with an ordinary diode, the arrow points from P to N, the direction of conventional current when
JFET
Visual indicator of the amplitude of an electronic signal
used the DM70/DM71 to indicate recording level, including a transistorized model with the valve lit from the bias-oscillator voltage. The function of a magic
Magic_eye_tube
Technique for measuring chemical composition of a gas
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS, sometimes referred to as TDLS, TLS or TLAS) is a technique for measuring the concentration of certain
Tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy
Tunable_diode_laser_absorption_spectroscopy
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