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Password for devices on factory default settings
Where a device needs a username and/or password to log in, a default password is usually provided to access the device during its initial setup, or after
Default_password
Password-based key derivation function
The bcrypt function is the default password hash algorithm for OpenBSD,[non-primary source needed] and was the default for some Linux distributions
Bcrypt
Password authentication algorithm
Time-based one-time password (TOTP) is a computer algorithm that generates a one-time password (OTP) using the current time as a source of uniqueness.
Time-based_one-time_password
Password-based key derivation function
file by the $y$ prefix. crypt (C) Lyra2 Password hashing Password Hashing Competition "Changes/yescrypt as default hashing method for shadow". Retrieved
Yescrypt
Topics referred to by the same term
and setup Default password, allows the device to be accessed during its initial setup, or after resetting to factory defaults defaults (software), a command
Default
Website listing unsecured Internet cameras
CCTV cameras with a default password. Launched by an anonymous programmer in 2014 with the stated goal of bringing awareness to password security, the site
Insecam
Resistance of a password to being guessed
Password strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password against guessing or brute-force attacks. In its usual form, it estimates how many trials
Password_strength
Emergency Alert System hijackings
in the machine's authentication bypass security and the usage of default passwords that were listed on online user manuals. All five emergency alert
2013 Emergency Alert System hijackings
2013_Emergency_Alert_System_hijackings
Password authentication algorithm
HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) is a one-time password (OTP) algorithm based upon a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC). When a client attempts
HMAC-based_one-time_password
Command on Unix systems to temporarily assume root privileges
similar command su, users must, by default, supply their own password for authentication, rather than the password of the target user. After authentication
Sudo
Password management software
various passwords, software licenses, and other sensitive information in a virtual vault that is locked with a PBKDF2-guarded master password. By default, the
1Password
Application for storing and managing passwords
A password manager is software used to store usernames and passwords in a collection commonly called a password vault. The vault is intended to be encrypted
Password_manager
Computer password management utility
protected by any combination of a master password, a key file, and the current Windows account details. By default, the KeePass database is stored on a local
KeePass
Password management software by Apple
browser extensions of several password managers (including iCloud Passwords) at DEF CON 33 on August 9, 2025. In their default configurations, these extensions
Passwords_(Apple)
Security feature in Microsoft Office
be protected with a user-provided password. There are two types of passwords that can be set to a document: A password to encrypt a document restricts opening
Microsoft Office password protection
Microsoft_Office_password_protection
Method of bypassing authentication or encryption in a computer
all other platforms through the most vulnerable system. Default passwords (or other default credentials) can function as backdoors if they are not changed
Backdoor_(computing)
Word processor
Statistically, the possibility of recovering the password depends on the password strength. Word's 2003/XP version default protection remained the same but an option
Microsoft_Word
Algorithm for creating unique passwords
requests a new password. By default, it is 1. password_type: The password type defines the length and the constitution of the resulting password, see below
Master_Password_(algorithm)
Tool to change passwords on Unix-like OSes
a user's password. The password entered by the user is run through a key derivation function to create a hashed version of the new password, which is
Passwd
Spreadsheet editor by Microsoft
brute-force attacks down to hundreds of passwords per second. In Excel 2010, the strength of the protection by the default was increased two times due to the
Microsoft_Excel
Cryptographic network protocol
password) for this access to these computers across a public network in an unsecured way poses a great risk of third parties obtaining the password and
Secure_Shell
Free and open-source software community, developer of Firefox and Thunderbird
as the device's default password manager. Firefox Monitor is an online service that informs users if their email address and passwords have been leaked
Mozilla
Message-digest hashing algorithm
Cimpanu, Catalin. "A quarter of major CMSs use outdated MD5 as the default password hashing scheme". ZDNet. Archived from the original on 24 January 2021
MD5
American business IT software company
2020. Retrieved December 17, 2020. "The SolarWinds Perfect Storm: Default Password, Access Sales and More". threatpost.com. December 16, 2020. Archived
SolarWinds
Node in a computer network
A default gateway is the node in a computer network using the Internet protocol suite that serves as the forwarding host (router) to other networks when
Default_gateway
Password management software
zero-knowledge security and encryption software covering functions such as password and passkey management, secrets management, privileged access management
Keeper_(password_manager)
Techniques to protect against brute-force attack
by default, with a minimum of 1000, and a maximum of 999,999,999. Password Safe open-source password manager. Password Gorilla open-source password manager
Key_stretching
Password management system in macOS
website. The default keychain file is the login keychain, typically unlocked on login by the user's login password, although the password for this keychain
Keychain_(software)
Hardware authentication token
devices from various manufacturers could easily be cracked by using a default password. Nitrokey, because it is open source and transparent, wants to provide
Nitrokey
Canadian ice hockey player (born 2001)
teammates due its underlying spelling being perceived as similar to a default password programmed onto an internet router. He picked up his first NHL point
Arber_Xhekaj
Open-source password management software
Bitwarden is a freemium open-source password management service that is used to store sensitive information, such as website credentials, in an encrypted
Bitwarden
Hardware company
StorageNewsletter. Retrieved 2025-09-03. "ExaGrid Known SSH Key and Default Password - Metasploit". infosecmatter.com. Retrieved 2023-03-24. "Rapid 7 github
ExaGrid
Special user account used for system administration
to ask them for their password before doing administrative actions. In some cases the actual root account is disabled by default, so it can't be directly
Superuser
Standard protocol for transferring files over TCP/IP networks
and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and
File_Transfer_Protocol
Removal of limitations from iOS devices
affecting devices where the owner had installed SSH without changing the default password. Restoring a device with iTunes removes a jailbreak. However, doing
IOS_jailbreaking
Technical specification for remote management protocol
device contacts the ACS for the first time (or after a factory-reset) default passwords are used. In large networks it is the responsibility of the procurement
TR-069
represents the local exchange). They are password protected for security, though many telcos leave the default password of 1111 set. In July 2004, New York
Direct_Access_Test_Unit
Brand name of a line of networking equipment
meaning that wireless access to SpeedTouch models that still use the default password is easily possible. In 2002 San Diego Supercomputer Center of the University
SpeedTouch
Process of increasing the security of a system
cybersecurity. Reducing available ways of attack typically includes changing default passwords, the removal of unnecessary software, unnecessary usernames or logins
Hardening_(computing)
British telecommunications company
researcher discovered the company had failed to update the default administrator password on a code quality testing platform containing application source
EE_(telecommunications)
Corporate telephone system
was a dedicated, password-protected computer terminal continuously connected to the RS232 serial port to the PBX. The default password was systemx5. The
AT&T_Merlin
Out-of-band management platform by Dell
web interface. All generations of the DRAC use the default user name root and the default password calvin. Starting with the DRAC 3, Microsoft Active
Dell_DRAC
Botnet used to census the entire IPv4 internet
infiltrating Internet devices, especially routers, that used a default password or no password at all. It was named after Carna, "the Roman goddess for the
Carna_botnet
2015 password-based key derivation function
Length(password) ∥ Password ∥ Length(salt) ∥ salt ∥ Length(key) ∥ key ∥ Length(associatedData) ∥ associatedData H0 ← Blake2b(buffer, 64) //default hash
Argon2
Method of emergency broadcasting in the United States
cyberattacks, caused primarily by participants using insecure or factory default passwords on their encoders and decoders, and outdated software containing unpatched
Emergency_Alert_System
Windows database that stores users' passwords
hashes when the user changes their password. Windows Vista and later versions of Windows disable LM hash by default. Note: enabling this setting does not
Security_Account_Manager
Suite of office software
a user-provided password. The password can contain up to 255 characters and uses AES 128-bit advanced encryption by default. Passwords can also be used
Microsoft_Office
Access control method for the HTTP network communication protocol
for an HTTP user agent (e.g. a web browser) to provide a user name and password when making a request. In basic HTTP authentication, a request contains
Basic_access_authentication
Open-source email and news software
receive HTML mail using Sylpheed. The password is stored in plaintext in the Sylpheed configuration file, which by default is only readable by "owner" and not
Sylpheed
Product and service designer and manufacturer
location and event recording functions. SEL uses OTTER and TAIL as default passwords for their relays as an homage to their very first customer. In 1985
Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories
Schweitzer_Engineering_Laboratories
Password management software
LastPass is a password manager application. The standard version of LastPass comes with a web interface, but also includes a browser extension, an app
LastPass
Power line communications specifications
ability to set an encryption password. The HomePlug specification requires that all devices are set to a default out-of-box password – although a common one
HomePlug
iOS computer worm that spread by SSH between jailbroken iPhones
singer. It affected smartphones if the owner did not change their default password after installation of SSH. Once the Ikee worm infected, it would find
Ikee
Indian central public sector undertaking
malware affected the telco's broadband network using modems with default passwords. The virus reportedly affected 60,000 modems and blocked their internet
BSNL
2025 mobile operating system
Notes. Password History allows users to view previous passwords and password change dates. Export Passwords allows users to securely export passwords, passkeys
IOS_26
Second season of American television series CSI: Cyber (2015–2016)
to a text he received by mistake. Opening Credits Jargon: Default Password - A simple password assigned by a device manufacturer that is easily hacked if
CSI:_Cyber_season_2
City and county seat in Montana, US
as they are considered extremely dangerous." It was revealed that a default password for the networks was being used, and a few minutes later, the station
Great_Falls,_Montana
Key derivation function of password hash
identifies the hash algorithm used (defaulting to the "traditional" one explained below). This output string forms a password record, which is usually stored
Crypt_(C)
Suite of Microsoft security protocols
settings, for which different versions of Windows have different default settings. NTLM passwords are considered weak because they can be brute-forced very easily
NTLM
Information assurance (IA) requirements overview
Sharing Act Cyber Security and Resilience Bill - proposed UK regulation. Default password Information assurance List of data breaches Medical device hijack National
Cyber-security_regulation
Cloud-based spreadsheet software
for machine learning. Several password management companies highlighted a trend for using Google Sheets to store passwords in spreadsheet format. Both Keeper
Google_Sheets
Web browser by Apple
introduced in an update to Mac OS X Jaguar in January 2003, and made the default web browser with the release of Mac OS X Panther that same year. It has
Safari_(web_browser)
Microsoft network operating system
hash by default. Kerberos is used in Active Directory Environments. The major weaknesses of LAN Manager authentication protocol are: Password length is
LAN_Manager
Network-connected digital video camera
73,011 locations worldwide with security cameras that used default usernames and passwords and were, therefore, unprotected. Automated services like Shodan
IP_camera
2020. Seals, Tara (December 16, 2020). "The SolarWinds Perfect Storm: Default Password, Access Sales and More". Threat Post. Archived from the original on
2020 United States federal government data breach
2020_United_States_federal_government_data_breach
The term, Subsidy Password, is used by Motorola and other handset manufacturers to refer to the 8-digit code (or 16-digit code for phones such as the Motorola
Subsidy_Password
Password management software
browser extensions of several password managers (including Dashlane) at DEF CON 33 on August 9, 2025. In their default configurations, these extensions
Dashlane
Web browser developed by Google
available) was not made the default mode until version 12.[citation needed] As of version 45, the Google Chrome password manager is no longer integrated
Google_Chrome
Modular computer virus
Khalid.falih@aramco.com password:kal@ram@sa1960 - security appliances used: Cisco ASA # McAfee # FireEye : default passwords for all!!!!!!!!!! We think
Shamoon
Mobile operating system by Nokia
It also warns that Maemo's root account has a trivial default password (user: gainroot, password: rootme) which needs to be changed before enabling remote
Maemo
Computer operating system
access to VAX/VMS systems. In V5.0, the default passwords were removed, and it became mandatory to provide passwords for these accounts during system setup
OpenVMS
Defines whether uppercase and lowercase letters are treated as distinct
Passwords: Authentication systems usually treat passwords as case-sensitive. This enables the users to increase the complexity of their passwords. File
Case_sensitivity
Process of incorporating security controls into an information system
risk, such as requiring multi-factor authentication by default, eliminating default passwords, and providing security-related logging at no additional
Security_engineering
Real-time operating system
(X.509), encryption, password management, ability to add/delete users at runtime SHA-256 hashing algorithm as the default password hashing algorithm Human
VxWorks
Two parties authenticating each other at the same time
authentication can be accomplished with two types of credentials: usernames and passwords, and public key certificates. Mutual authentication is often employed
Mutual_authentication
Device connecting users to the Internet
frontends of the routers, allowing unauthorized control either via default passwords, vendor backdoors, or web vulnerabilities. Customer-premises equipment
Residential_gateway
Computer bug exploit caused by invalid data
enter a username and a password to log in to the web site. The (hypothetical) web server code will receive the username and password parameters, and will
Code_injection
Hacker group
analog modems, and simple hacking techniques, such as using common or default passwords published in DEC's manufacturer guides to log in to various timeshare
The_414s
End-user knowledge of cybersecurity
Additionally, guidelines suggest the need to change all default passwords and to not share passwords with others. Additional protection options could include
Internet_security_awareness
Interface enabling remote access to a web server
a firewall Disabling directory browsing[citation needed] Avoiding default passwords Web shells are challenging to detect due to their modifiability, often
Web_shell
Voting machine manufacturer in Nebraska, US
passwords, disabled Secureboot, presence of bloatware, no tamper-evident seals, immediate root access, unencrypted hard drives, use of simple default
Election_Systems_&_Software
User-definable variable associated with each running process in many operating systems
Windows, each process has its own separate set of environment variables. By default, when a process is created, it inherits a duplicate run-time environment
Environment_variable
Group that provides security feedback
machines without entering a password. Techniques such as optical character recognition (OCR), exploiting default passwords, spoofing a credential prompt
Red_team
In some cases, Chinese manufacturers[citation needed] are using default passwords that lead to vulnerabilities. While VoIP is relatively secure[citation
VoIP_vulnerabilities
Password management software
full-fledged password manager, then delivered with password generator, password capturer, password importer, multi-factor authentication and secure password sharing
RoboForm
One-time password software applications
one-time passwords for two-factor authentication (2FA) systems using the time-based one-time password (TOTP), the HMAC-based one-time password (HOTP) algorithms
Comparison of OTP applications
Comparison_of_OTP_applications
PBX switchboard for small businesses
to 5 of the following modules to be added: Gives 8 more extensions by default and allows either: ISDN BRI module (x2) or a 2-Line PSTN Module (x2) This
BT_Versatility
History of Apple's current Mac operating system
app for remotely controlling a user's iPhone was included, along with a password manager app, system support for tiling and resizing windows, and various
MacOS_version_history
End-to-end encrypted email service
a login password for their account. Proton Mail also offers users an option to log in with a two-password mode that requires a login password and a mailbox
Proton_Mail
Security-focused, Android-based mobile operating system
duress PIN/password, which will wipe all data and installed eSIMs on the device when entered on the lock screen instead of a regular PIN/password. The duress
GrapheneOS
Apps pre-installed on the Apple iOS operating system
default apps that users can change to include apps such as messaging apps, password managers, and more. Applications are listed below based on Apple's App
List_of_built-in_iOS_apps
New Zealand hacker, programmer and computer security professional
vulnerabilities in the remote management system, most notably the use of default passwords and remote management TCP ports. The attacker then executes the malware
Barnaby_Jack
Computer authentication protocol
the secret key generated from the password entered by the user. If the user entered password does not match the password in the AS database, the client's
Kerberos_(protocol)
Disk encryption software
different programs and operating systems, and assures that they all implement password management in a secure and documented manner. LUKS is used to encrypt a
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Document file format developed by Microsoft
is the default format of WordPad and TextEdit but both of those allow saving to ODF since 2009. Full office suites never used it as a default. Since Windows
Rich_Text_Format
Open-source web browser project
criticized for storing a user's passwords without the protection of a master password. Google has insisted that a master password provides no real security
Chromium_(web_browser)
Television station in Ishpeming, Michigan
as they are considered extremely dangerous." It was revealed that a default password for the networks was being used, and a few minutes later, the station
WBUP
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
the issue can be avoided by enabling password encryption on the SNMP agents of network devices. The common default configuration for community strings
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
2016-10-24. ... By default, a WSUS server that is configured for the default Web site uses port 80 for HTTP and port 443 for HTTPS. By default, the WSUS server
List of TCP and UDP port numbers
List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
Network protocol for virtual terminals
the following reasons: Telnet, by default, does not encrypt any data sent over the connection (including passwords), and so it is often feasible to eavesdrop
Telnet
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