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Data that remains after deleting it
Data remanence is the residual representation of digital data that remains even after attempts have been made to remove or erase the data. This residue
Data_remanence
Type of computer memory
data quickly when power is removed. However, DRAM does exhibit limited data remanence. DRAM typically takes the form of an integrated circuit chip, which
Dynamic_random-access_memory
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
code Big data Binary number Comparison of analog and digital recording Computer data storage Data Data dictionary Data modeling Data remanence Data stream
Digital_data
Magnetization left behind in a material
Remanence or remanent magnetization or residual magnetism is the magnetization left behind in a ferromagnetic material (such as iron) after an external
Remanence
Process of decreasing or eliminating a remnant magnetic field
magnetic remanence or remanent magnetization. Proper degaussing will ensure there is insufficient magnetic remanence to reconstruct the data. Erasure
Degaussing
Process of salvaging inaccessible data from corrupted or damaged secondary storage
Peter Gutmann, Department of Computer Science, University of Auckland Data Remanence in Semiconductor Devices Archived 21 February 2007 at the Wayback Machine
Data_recovery
Method of overwriting data
leaving some of the data intact. By accessing the entire hard drive, data erasure eliminates the risk of data remanence. Data erasure can also bypass
Data_erasure
Removing sensitive information from a document to allow distribution
has since been extended to apply to computer files and the problem of data remanence. In the context of government documents, redaction (also called sanitization)
Redaction
Unit of information
Data remanence Data science Data storage Data set Data structure Data visualization Data warehouse Database Datasheet Data-driven programming Data-driven
Data
Means of compromising computer security by restarting the computer
malicious or criminal investigative reasons. The attack relies on the data remanence property of DRAM and SRAM to retrieve memory contents that remain readable
Cold_boot_attack
Any attack based on information gained from the implementation of a computer system
are discovered by introducing faults in a computation. Data remanence – in which sensitive data are read after supposedly having been deleted. (e.g. cold
Side-channel_attack
Type of computer memory
can be characterized as volatile memory, SRAM exhibits data remanence. SRAM offers a simple data access model and does not require a refresh circuit. Performance
Static_random-access_memory
Computer memory used for small quantities of data
Circuit Cellar. ISBN 978-0-07-010963-6. Gutmann, Peter (2001-08-15). "Data Remanence in Semiconductor Devices". 10th USENIX SECURITY SYMPOSIUM. IBM T. J
EEPROM
Encryption technique
preventing any reuse (partially or entirely)—hence "one-time". Problems with data remanence can make it difficult to completely erase computer media. One-time pads
One-time_pad
Sector of a disk storage unit which is unreadable
future. Bad sectors are a threat to information security in the sense of data remanence. Bad sectors can be "soft" (logical) or "hard" (hardware, physical)
Bad_sector
Data erasure software
and DOD 5220.22-M (7 passes) are also included as options to handle data remanence. DBAN can be booted from a CD, DVD, USB flash drive or diskless using
Darik's_Boot_and_Nuke
Shell command for copying and converting file data
drives such as flash memories, much data may still be recoverable by data remanence. Modern hard disk drives contain a Secure Erase command designed to permanently
Dd_(Unix)
Key reliability issue in MOSFETs
particularly in cloud-deployed FPGAs. The "pentimento" effect refers to data remanence caused by BTI-induced changes in delay characteristics of LUTs, which
Negative-bias temperature instability
Negative-bias_temperature_instability
Data about other data
sending sensitive data. This process partially (see data remanence) protects law firms from potentially damaging leaking of sensitive data through electronic
Metadata
Topics referred to by the same term
recordings were overwritten, erased, or destroyed Data erasure, purging a computer file to counter data remanence Degaussing of ships' hulls to guard against
Wipe
Unencrypted information
wide variety of readable personal and confidential information. See data remanence. Physical loss is a serious problem. The US State Department, Department
Plaintext
Process of incorporating security controls into an information system
security, computer security, and network security, including protecting data from unauthorized access, use, disclosure, destruction, modification, or
Security_engineering
Combining data from multiple sources
Data integration is the process of combining, sharing, or synchronizing data from multiple sources to provide users with a unified view. There are a wide
Data_integration
American document imaging company
Connecticut. Scan-Optics' records management, information, data remanence, data backup and data recovery services are supplied to government and business
Scan-Optics
Data security technology
contents of memory before the data disappears. The attack relies on the data remanence property of computer memory, whereby data bits can take up to several
Disk_encryption
Topics referred to by the same term
Meyer-Kahlen Shredding (data remanence), overwriting storage media with new data to erase it Shredding (disassembling genomic data), in bioinformatics Shredder
Shredding
Branch of digital forensic science
Computer Examiner Counter forensics Cryptanalysis Cyber attribution Data remanence Disk encryption Encryption Hidden file and hidden directory Information
Computer_forensics
Process of preparing a data storage device for initial use
controversy; however, this may render the drive unusable. Data erasure Data recovery Data remanence Drive mapping Comparison of file systems E.g., formatting
Disk_formatting
Data collection system
Data localization or data residency law requires data about a nation's citizens or residents to be collected, processed, and/or stored inside the country
Data_localization
Techniques used to obstruct forensic analysis
utilities use a variety of methods to overwrite the existing data on disks (see data remanence). The effectiveness of disk cleaning utilities as anti-forensic
Anti–computer_forensics
Clearing the memory of a cryptographic device
non-volatile storage the process is much more complex; see data remanence. As well as zeroising data due to memory management, software designers consider
Zeroisation
Undeletion program for Windows
past". List of data recovery software CCleaner – Suite of utilities for cleaning disk and operating system environment Data remanence – Data that remains
Recuva
Data missing or collected but not analysed
Dark data is data which is acquired through various computer network operations but not used in any manner to derive insights or for decision making. The
Dark_data
Device controlling access and addressing of memory
to prevent forensic and reverse-engineering analysis based on DRAM data remanence by effectively rendering various types of cold boot attacks ineffective
Memory_controller
Series of computer security standards
Document Publication TBA Purple NCSC-TG-025 Guide to Understanding Data Remanence in Automated Information Systems. September 1991 Forest Green NCSC-TG-026
Rainbow_Series
U.S. government classification system
and logged.[citation needed] Classified computer data presents special problems. See Data remanence. When a cleared individual leaves the job or employer
Classified information in the United States
Classified_information_in_the_United_States
Software utility from Microsoft to recover deleted files
(predominantly found on external devices) and ReFS file systems. Data remanence Data recovery List of data recovery software File History Trash (computing) Undeletion
Windows_File_Recovery
Deleting data by deleting encryption keys
supply chain attacks, and physical threats from users who have access. Data remanence is the ability of computer memory to retain previously stored information
Crypto-shredding
Temporary storage for deleted files
Some implementations may contain "shredding" functionality to counter data remanence. The KDE, GNOME and Xfce implementations comply with the freedesktop
Trash_(computing)
option, which restricts srm to one file system, is not supported. Data remanence – Data that remains after deleting it List of free and open-source software
Srm_(Unix)
interkeystroke timings of users’ typing from the arrival times of packets. Data remanence problems not only affect obvious areas such as RAM and non-volatile
Computer security compromised by hardware failure
Computer_security_compromised_by_hardware_failure
Linux distribution
NVMe SSD management nwipe – a secure data erasure tool (fork of DBAN) for hard drives to remove data remanence, supports Gutmann method plus other overwriting
SystemRescue
US government program
sanitization to counter data remanence. The NISPOM actually covers the entire field of government–industrial security, of which data sanitization is a very
National Industrial Security Program
National_Industrial_Security_Program
Topics referred to by the same term
Magnetic storage, the storage of data on a magnetized medium Magnetic-core memory, an early form of random-access memory Remanence, or residual magnetization
Magnetic_memory
Type of command for solid-state drive
SSDs excluding the Intel SSD 510 Micron SSDs Samsung SSDs Seagate SSDs Data remanence "Intel High Performance Solid State Drive – Advantages of TRIM". Intel
Trim_(computing)
Branch of forensic science
computing environments, addressing challenges such as multi-tenancy, data remanence, and jurisdictional issues. The National Institute of Standards and
Digital_forensics
Data recovery utility by Cleverfiles
the new version of the expert-level data recovery app. Data recovery Data remanence File deletion List of data recovery software Undeletion Cody Fink
Disk_Drill
Apple disk encryption software
sleep" mode. A study published in 2008 found data remanence in dynamic random-access memory (DRAM), with data retention of seconds to minutes at room temperature
FileVault
Unreproducible object used in digital security
Kitsos, P. (ed.). "Attacking SRAM PUFs using very-low-temperature data remanence". Microprocessors and Microsystems. 71 102864. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/j
Physical_unclonable_function
Computer security software
Windows, OS/X and Linux. A 2008 study found data remanence in dynamic random access memory (DRAM), with data retention of seconds to minutes at room temperature
Disk_encryption_software
professionals managing risk during IT Asset Retirement and Recovery Data remanence Electronic waste Sanitization (classified information) "ADISA ICT Asset
ADISA_certification
described in detail in Figures 8 and 5 of the US patent 6,963,976. Data remanence Cold boot attack Disk encryption software Disk encryption hardware IEEE
Disk_encryption_theory
Computer memory technology
pp. 51–59. doi:10.1109/NVMT.2004.1380804. ISBN 0-7803-8726-0. S2CID 3034615. Gutmann (2001) papaer: "Data Remanence in Semiconductor Devices" | USENIX
SONOS
Algorithm for securely erasing computer hard drives
apply to actual disks. Data remanence Data recovery Computer forensics Gutmann, Peter. (July 22–25, 1996) Secure Deletion of Data from Magnetic and Solid-State
Gutmann_method
Device used for encryption
a cryptoprocessor would not be secure against a cold boot attack if data remanence could be exploited to dump memory contents after the operating system
Secure_cryptoprocessor
Legal identification of specific objects and materials
Association for Identification Biometric identification Computer forensics Data remanence Digital traces Entomological evidence collection Forensic anthropology
Forensic_identification
Form of recycling
of ensuring the security of Data contained in 'confidential' computer media [NIST 800–88: US standard for Data Remanence][HMG CESG IS5, Baseline & Enhanced
Electronic_waste_recycling
Analysis of a computer's memory
format.[citation needed] Computer forensics Data breach Data erasure Data loss Data recovery Data remanence Data sanitization Digital forensics File carving
Memory_forensics
(HIPAA) (Moving confidential data requires encryption.) Cruzer Enterprise Data remanence IronKey Kingston Technology USB security ENISA (PDF), June 2006, archived
USB_flash_drive_security
Study of Earth's magnetic field in past
magnetostratigraphy studies. Remanence that is acquired at a fixed temperature is called isothermal remanent magnetization (IRM). Remanence of this sort is not
Paleomagnetism
Resistance of a ferromagnetic material to demagnetization by an external magnetic field
field inside the material) to zero. The remanence coercivity, HCr, is the H field required to reduce the remanence to zero, meaning that when the H field
Coercivity
Overview of and topical guide to forensic science
conveying information. Biometric identification Computer forensics Data remanence Digital traces Entomological evidence collection Forensic dentistry
Outline_of_forensic_science
Local variation in the Earth's magnetic field
such as magnetite also can carry a remanent magnetization or remanence. This remanence can last for millions of years, so it may be in a completely different
Magnetic_anomaly
Type of computer memory
switching field" "NSF Award Search: Award#0539675 - SBIR Phase I: Zero-Remanence Tamper-Responsive Cryptokey Memory". www.nsf.gov. "Toshiba and NEC Develop
Magnetoresistive_RAM
American computer scientist (born c. 1981)
nearly every full-disk encryption product on the market, exploits DRAM data remanence to retrieve memory contents even after the device has been briefly powered
J._Alex_Halderman
Application of an external magnetic field to a ferromagnet
the magnetization is offset from the origin by an amount called the remanence. If the H-M relationship is plotted for all strengths of applied magnetic
Magnetic_hysteresis
2014. Character recognition Rubric (academic) Tablet computer Data encryption Data remanence List of institutions of higher education in India Board examination
Orion_Live_Ink
Dependence of the state of a system on its history
history dependence is the basis of memory in a hard disk drive and the remanence that retains a record of the Earth's magnetic field magnitude in the past
Hysteresis
recording, are: Saturation remanence limits maximum output level and, indirectly, dynamic range of audio recordings. Remanence of audio tapes, referred
Compact Cassette tape types and formulations
Compact_Cassette_tape_types_and_formulations
Data erasure software
is no longer accessible through software, such as bad blocks. Data erasure Data remanence Undeletion "How to REALLY erase a hard drive - Update". ZDNet
HDDerase
Past magnetic field of the planet Mars
Hesperian volcanoes (e.g., Tyrrhenus Mons and Syrtis Major) have crustal remanence. The Interior Exploration using Seismic Investigations, Geodesy and Heat
Magnetic_field_of_Mars
can carry a permanent magnetic moment. This remanent magnetization, or remanence, can be acquired in more than one way. In lava flows, the direction of
Earth's_magnetic_field
fields have moved. This is also the most common method used to get the remanence direction and strength. The main difficulty that arises is if the rocks
Natural remanent magnetization
Natural_remanent_magnetization
Type of computer memory used from 1955 to 1975
magnetic material for a core memory requires a high degree of magnetic remanence, the ability to stay highly magnetized, and a low coercivity so that less
Magnetic-core_memory
Material invented by Mullard, used for making permanent magnets
with poles on the large faces. Magnadur can also be used in DC motors. Remanence 0.9 T Coercivity 110 kA/m Maximum energy product, 20 kJm-3 - at 86 kAm-1
Magnadur
Iranian American computer scientist
things systems. In 2012, he developed A new technology called Time and Remanence Decay in SRAM (TARDIS) that used the predictable patterns in the decay
Amir_Rahmati
First planet from the Sun
S2CID 120025983. Aharonson, Oded; Zuber, Maria T; Solomon, Sean C (2004). "Crustal remanence in an internally magnetized non-uniform shell: a possible source for Mercury's
Mercury_(planet)
Family of iron alloys
magnetic capacity in a preferred orientation than isotropic types. Alnico's remanence (Br) may exceed 12,000 G (1.2 T), its coercivity (Hc) can be up to 1000 oersteds
Alnico
Unit of magnetic induction
100 G – an iron magnet 1500 G – within a sun spot 10000 to 13000 G – remanence of a neodymium-iron-boron (NIB) magnet 16000 to 22000 G – saturation of
Gauss_(unit)
Advanced ultrasound imaging technique
spatial-temporal difference is captured in both the radio-frequency (RF) data and the consecutive frames of the acquired video. Different localization
Ultrasound Localization Microscopy
Ultrasound_Localization_Microscopy
American cloud-based integration and automation company
hired Todd Owens as CEO. Owens was previously CEO of Appuri, a customer data platform. Hasija has transitioned to the role of Chief Product Officer. Azuqua
Azuqua
Magnetic iron sulfide mineral
known as the Besnus transition at 30 K that leads to a loss of magnetic remanence. The saturation magnetization of pyrrhotite is 0.12 tesla. Pyrrhotite
Pyrrhotite
Ferrimagnetic ceramic material
magnets are made of hard ferrites, which have a high coercivity and high remanence after magnetization. The high coercivity means the materials are very
Ferrite_(magnet)
Astronomical object that is neither a planet nor a comet
the planet formed by the fission of the parent body will still retain remanence, which can also be detected in extraterrestrial meteorites from the minor
Minor_planet
Preservation of media
20 years. Magnetic tape can degrade from binder hydrolysis or magnetic remanence decay. Binder hydrolysis, also known as sticky-shed syndrome, refers to
Media_preservation
Device that measures magnetism
magnetisation direction (remanence) of the targets are also generally not known, and so multiple models can explain the data. Potent by Geophysical Software
Magnetometer
Phenomenon in capacitor discharging
terminals of the capacitor. This is the electrostatic analog of magnetic remanence. The oriented dipoles will be discharged spontaneously over time and the
Dielectric_absorption
Magnetic material under special conditions
droplet melting point, and, after cooling, a spin glass state with low bulk remanence. Spontaneous emergence of 2D magnetic vortices was observed in such spin
Spin_ice
Poles of a best fit to the Earth's field
magnetized in the direction of the magnetic field. The study of this remanence is called palaeomagnetism. Thus, starting at the most recently formed
Geomagnetic_pole
Chemical element with atomic number 74 (W)
to 0.7% C) was used for making hard permanent magnets, due to its high remanence and coercivity, as noted by John Hopkinson (1849–1898) as early as 1885
Tungsten
Field of the printing industry for banknotes and other security products
on pigment made of spherical particles. Best results are achieved when remanence and coercive field strength are very low and the saturating magnetization
Security_printing
Magnet that creates a magnetic field through an electric current
used in motors, the core's magnetization is constantly reversed, and the remanence contributes to the motor's losses. The magnetic field of electromagnets
Electromagnet
Low-Field MRI
(NbFeB) permanent magnets that range from about 1.2 to 1.425 T in remanence. Remanence (Br) is described as the magnetic flux density after a material has
Low-field magnetic resonance imaging
Low-field_magnetic_resonance_imaging
List of definitions of terms and concepts used in electrical engineering and electronics
relying on varying magnetic reluctance; the rotor carries no windings. remanence That portion of the applied magnetic field that the material retains when
Glossary of electrical and electronics engineering
Glossary_of_electrical_and_electronics_engineering
Mass of airborne particulates and gases
produced in the smoke from meteorites burning in the atmosphere.) Magnetic remanence, recorded in the iron oxide particles, indicates the strength of Earth's
Smoke
May 1986, such as around Vaison-la-Romaine. This was in addition to the remanence of old fallout from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, of the order
Consequences of the Chernobyl disaster in France
Consequences_of_the_Chernobyl_disaster_in_France
Scanning electron microscopy technique
Konrad; Müller, Karl-Hartmut; Gutfleisch, Oliver (2015). "Calculation of remanence and degree of texture from EBSD orientation histograms and XRD rocking
Electron backscatter diffraction
Electron_backscatter_diffraction
Class of physical phenomena
proportional to the field and is generally nonzero even when H is zero (see Remanence). The phenomenon of magnetism is "mediated" by the magnetic field. An
Magnetism
English-born Australian geophysicist
theory for magnetic grains to multi-domained grains. In the theory of remanence for igneous rocks, Stacey introduced the concept of pseudo-single domain
Frank_D._Stacey
Process of reconstructing the positions of tectonic plates in the geological past
paleomagnetic measurements due to the complexities related to the acquisition of remanence, uncertainties in magnetization age, and high magnetic anisotropy. A typical
Plate_reconstruction
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