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Concept in materials science
In materials science, the concept of the Cottrell atmosphere was introduced by A. H. Cottrell and B. A. Bilby in 1949 to explain how dislocations are pinned
Cottrell_atmosphere
British metallurgist and physicist
Sir Alan Howard Cottrell, FRS (17 July 1919 – 15 February 2012) was an English metallurgist and physicist. He was also former Chief Scientific Advisor
Alan_Cottrell
Property of solid materials under mechanical stress
solute, C, at a distance, r, from a dislocation is given by the Cottrell atmosphere defined as C r = C 0 exp ( − β sin θ r K T ) {\displaystyle C_{r}=C_{0}\exp
Creep_(deformation)
Curve representing a material's response to applied forces
along the sample. During this process, dislocations escape from Cottrell atmospheres within the material. The resulting slip bands appear at the lower
Stress–strain_curve
Linear crystallographic defect or irregularity
over time, these elements may diffuse to the dislocation forming a Cottrell atmosphere. The pinning and breakaway from these elements explains some of the
Dislocation
Heat treatment in metallurgy
energy to diffuse into the interstitial sites of dislocations forming Cottrell atmosphere. This pins dislocations in place and reduces the density of movable
Low_hydrogen_annealing
Crystallography journal
Partial dislocation Kink Cross slip Frank–Read source Cottrell atmosphere Peierls stress GND Lomer–Cottrell junction Slip Slip bands Interstitials Bjerrum defect
Kristallografija
Bending of electron beams due to electrostatic interactions with matter
1850s, Heinrich Geissler was able to achieve a pressure of around 10−3 atmospheres, inventing what became known as Geissler tubes. Using these tubes, while
Electron_diffraction
Phenomenon of deformation due to structural stress
YPE has been related to carbon diffusion, and more specifically to Cottrell atmospheres. YPE can lead to issues such as coil breaks, edge breaks, fluting
Yield_(engineering)
History of chemical crystallography to 1895
Partial dislocation Kink Cross slip Frank–Read source Cottrell atmosphere Peierls stress GND Lomer–Cottrell junction Slip Slip bands Interstitials Bjerrum defect
Chemical crystallography before X-rays
Chemical_crystallography_before_X-rays
Loss of plasticity in ferritic stainless steel
precipitates, i.e., internal stress relaxation by the formation of Cottrell atmosphere. Furthermore, the ferrite hardness increases with aging time, the
475_°C_embrittlement
English mechanical engineer (1922–2013)
1966 to 1984. He was a colleague of Alan Cottrell. He died aged 91 on 20 November 2013. Cottrell atmosphere Flow plasticity theory Greenwood, Geoffrey
Bruce_Bilby
2002 film by Michael Winterbottom
specifically about Factory Records's founder Tony Wilson. It was written by Frank Cottrell Boyce and directed by Michael Winterbottom. The film was entered into the
24_Hour_Party_People
Coster–Kronig transition Cotton effect Cotton tensor Cotton–Mouton effect Cottrell atmosphere Couette flow Coulomb Coulomb's law Coulomb barrier Coulomb blockade
Index_of_physics_articles_(C)
Filtration device
commercialized until almost a century later. In 1907 Frederick Gardner Cottrell, a professor of chemistry at the University of California, Berkeley, applied
Electrostatic_precipitator
Natural processes of carbon exchange
exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of Earth. Other major biogeochemical cycles include the nitrogen cycle
Carbon_cycle
Country house at Rousham in Oxfordshire, England
wife was the daughter of Sir Charles Cottrell, a high-ranking courtier of Charles II. Colonel Robert Dormer-Cottrell, the grandson of the house's builder
Rousham_House
Theory developed by Karl Marx
1978, p. 27. Cottrell 1984, p. 51. Cottrell 1984, p. 57. Cottrell 1984, pp. 52–54. Cottrell 1984, p. 59. Cottrell 1984, pp. 61–62. Cottrell 1984, pp. 67–68
Marx's_theory_of_class
1029/JB085iB07p03523. Usui, Yoichi; Tarduno, John A.; Watkeys, Michael; Hofmann, Axel; Cottrell, Rory D. (2009). "Evidence for a 3.45-billion-year-old magnetic remanence:
Earth's_magnetic_field
Gases given off by active volcanoes
assimilated constituents from the Earth's crust, groundwater and the Earth's atmosphere. Substances that may become gaseous or give off gases when heated are
Volcanic_gas
2009 American TV series or program
Hapscomb Mimi Michaels as Jenny Crowe Michael Rooker as Calvin Stark Erin Cottrell as Dr. Chelsea Hapscomb Anne Nahabedian as Claire Payne Ariel Gade as M
Meteor_(miniseries)
1996 horror film
convoluted, and the film's atmosphere is "more repellent than intriguing". Thomas praised the acting of Bradley, Cottrell, and Ramsay but called the rest
Hellraiser:_Bloodline
Women-run erotica magazine
the contributions of Susie Bright, Nan Kinney, Leon Mostovoy, Honey Lee Cottrell, Dawn Lewis, Shelby Sharie Cohen, Happy Hyder, Tee Corinne, Jewelle Gomez
On_Our_Backs
1908 novel by Lucy Maud Montgomery
Service Basic, adapted into four parts by Muriel Levy, and starring Cherry Cottrell as Anne. Anne of Green Gables (1944), a recreation of the 1941 BBC Radio
Anne_of_Green_Gables
Natural satellite orbiting Earth
lunar magnetic field is a longstanding controversy. Tarduno, John A.; Cottrell, Rory D.; Lawrence, Kristin; Bono, Richard K.; Huang, Wentao; Johnson,
Moon
Carthaginian general and statesman (247–183/181 BC)
at War 100 BC – AD 200, New York "Internet Ancient History Sourcebook". Cottrell, Leonard, Enemy of Rome, Evans Bros, 1965, ISBN 0-237-44320-1[page needed]
Hannibal
1995 album by Michael Jackson
Funkmaster Flex – turntables Jesse Corti – background vocals, voiceover Richard Cottrell – engineer Andraé Crouch – vocal arrangement, background vocals The Andraé
HIStory: Past, Present and Future, Book I
HIStory:_Past,_Present_and_Future,_Book_I
British literary award
be awarded annually thereafter. The jury's first chairperson is Frank Cottrell-Boyce, who has been serving since 2024 as Children's Laureate. Novels portal
Booker_Prize
started brainstorming ideas with designer Mark Tildesley, writer Frank Cottrell-Boyce and costume designer Suttirat Anne Larlarb. They considered "what
2012 Summer Olympics opening ceremony
2012_Summer_Olympics_opening_ceremony
1982 film by Jim Henson, Frank Oz
Malcolm Dixon, Sadie Corré, Deep Roy, Jack Purvis, Gerald Stadden, Mike Cottrell, John Ghavan, Abbie Jones, Natasha Knight, and Lisa Esson are credited
The_Dark_Crystal
1970 children's book by Tove Jansson
the series in her wake." The screenwriter and children's author Frank Cottrell Boyce – another Jansson enthusiast – describes the novel as "the wisest
Moominvalley_in_November
1991 British TV miniseries
fertility treatment to mothers struggling to conceive, but despite the quiet atmosphere and calmer pace of work, Tracy becomes restless and begins to suspect
Chimera_(British_TV_series)
1997 film by Mick Jackson
Kelly's babysitter. Lou Myers as Pastor Lake Gareth Williams as Pete Mickey Cottrell as Councilman Gates Richard Schiff as Haskins Brian Markinson and Robert
Volcano_(1997_film)
1937 film by David Hand
David Hand and a team of five sequence directors: Perce Pearce, William Cottrell, Larry Morey, Wilfred Jackson, and Ben Sharpsteen. It is the first animated
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)
Snow_White_and_the_Seven_Dwarfs_(1937_film)
1930s programs of U.S. president Franklin D. Roosevelt
Years. Facts On File. p. xii. ISBN 978-0-8160-5387-2. Browne, Blaine T.; Cottrell, Robert C. (2008). Modern American Lives: Individuals and Issues in American
New_Deal
American planetary scientist
an American planetary scientist whose research concerns the surfaces, atmospheres, and internal heating of planetary bodies, and especially the volcanoes
Katherine_de_Kleer
American singer and actress (born 1969)
writer Ned Zeman, and the "embodiment of the American Dream" by Robert C. Cottrell in Icons of American Popular Culture (2009). Maer Roshan, editor-in-chief
Jennifer_Lopez
British research council
Andrews, B. J.; Araya, M.C.; Arnold, D. W. D.; Biggs, J.; Cooper, C.; Cottrell, E.; Furtney, M.; Hickey, J.; Jay, J.; Lloyd, R.; Parker, A. L.; Pritchard
Natural Environment Research Council
Natural_Environment_Research_Council
American astrophysicist
Fellowship in 1995. In 1998, the Research Corporation designated him as a Cottrell Scholar. He was awarded the Helen B. Warner Prize of the American Astronomical
Lars_Bildsten
Indian Hindutva paramilitary organisation
that were held during the divisional conference presented a militant atmosphere to the Hindu public. In the circumstances, the commission cannot but hold
Rashtriya_Swayamsevak_Sangh
2024). "What can we learn from the history of pre-war Germany to the atmosphere today in the U.S.?". The Conversation. Archived from the original on November
Donald_Trump_and_fascism
Secret police of Nazi Germany
Reich security. Because the Gestapo seemed omniscient and omnipotent, the atmosphere of fear they created led to an overestimation of their reach and strength;
Gestapo
Welsh screenwriter and television producer (born 1963)
commissioned was Springhill, an apocalyptic soap-opera, co-created by Frank Cottrell Boyce and Paul Abbott, which aired simultaneously on Sky One and Channel
Russell_T_Davies
Third and last period of the Mesozoic Era
doi:10.1130/G23103A.1. Tarduno, J. A.; Brinkman, D. B.; Renne, P. R.; Cottrell, R. D.; Scher, H.; Castillo, P. (18 December 1998). "Evidence for Extreme
Cretaceous
Voluntary aided school in Eccleston, Merseyside, England
Burrows FRS (b. 1954) - Professor of Physics of the Ocean and Atmosphere Frank Cottrell-Boyce (b. 1959) - screenwriter Andy Platt (b. 1963) - rugby player
De_La_Salle_School,_St_Helens
2010 studio album by Reflection Eternal
chemistry and wrote "Hi-Tek's soul-infused beats create the perfect laid-back atmosphere for Kweli's casual verbal acrobatics, crafting beats that bring the listener
Revolutions per Minute (Reflection Eternal album)
Revolutions_per_Minute_(Reflection_Eternal_album)
Clade of reptiles
LeBleu, V.S.; Duncan, M.B.; van der Heiden, M.G.; Neveu, J.M.; Lane, W.S.; Cottrell, J.S.; Horner, J.R.; Cantley, L.C.; Kalluri, R.; Asara, J.M. (2009). "Biomolecular
Dinosaur
Combustible sedimentary rock composed primarily of carbon
the original on 29 September 2009. Retrieved 23 April 2009. J. Nunn, A. Cottrell, A. Urfer, L. Wibberley and P. Scaife, "A Lifecycle Assessment of the Victorian
Coal
American gridiron football player, coach (1949–2016)
Announces Former NFL Coaches Jim Fassel, Dennis Green, Jim Haslett & Ted Cottrell as Head Coaches for "UFL Premiere" Season". Reuters. March 11, 2009. Archived
Dennis_Green
1951 film by Joseph Pevney
Forrest as Blanche de Maletroit Richard Stapley as Denis de Beaulieu William Cottrell as Corbeau Alan Napier as Count Grassin Morgan Farley as Renville Paul
The_Strange_Door
1997 transfer of Hong Kong from UK to China
establishing British control over Kowloon and Hong Kong Island, Robert Cottrell of The Independent wrote "In practical terms, the treaties were worthless
Handover_of_Hong_Kong
Play by Elie Wiesel
Auschwitz. The play was reimagined for television in God on Trial by Frank Cottrell Boyce. In introducing the setting for the play, Wiesel gives us an idea
The_Trial_of_God
to mark the 1,700th Anniversary of the First Council of Nicaea. Stephen Cottrell, the Archbishop of York and Acting Primate of the Church of England, spoke
International reactions to the election of Pope Leo XIV
International_reactions_to_the_election_of_Pope_Leo_XIV
Austrian Nazi politician (1892–1946)
refers to Seyss-Inquart’s rise as she observes the changing political atmosphere in her Vienna. In Otto Preminger's movie The Cardinal, Seyss-Inquart is
Arthur_Seyss-Inquart
German politician and diplomat (1893–1946)
ISBN 978-0201407143. Waddington, Geoffrey (1997). "'An Idyllic and Unruffled Atmosphere of Complete Anglo–German Misunderstanding': Aspects of the Operation of
Joachim_von_Ribbentrop
Science concerned with life in the universe
1101/cshperspect.a004895. PMC 2944365. PMID 20573713. Tarduno, John A.; Cottrell, Rory D.; Bono, Richard K.; Oda, Hirokuni; Davis, William J.; Fayek, Mostafa;
Astrobiology
Socialist economic-political system
(definitive ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226315393. Cottrell, Allin; Cockshott, Paul (1993). Towards a New Socialism Archived 2014-11-17
Authoritarian_socialism
Range of colors with the hues between blue and red
Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Cottrell, Robert C. (2015). Sex, Drugs, and Rock 'n' Roll: The Rise of America's
Purple
1973 French New Wave epic arthouse romantic drama film by Jean Eustache
Eustache as the man at the supermarket/Gilberte's husband (uncredited) Pierre Cottrell (uncredited) Douchka (uncredited) In 1972 Eustache had begun to doubt his
The_Mother_and_the_Whore
wrong to air an interview with far-right nationalist and neo-Nazi Blair Cottrell who has a history of crime and violence; rules for life (with Kitty Flanagan);
List of The Weekly with Charlie Pickering episodes
List_of_The_Weekly_with_Charlie_Pickering_episodes
to be released on February 22nd... Choi Min-sik → Lee Do-hyun Mystery Atmosphere [Official]]. Osen (in Korean). Naver. Retrieved February 3, 2024. Kim
List_of_horror_films_of_2024
English colonist in North America (1560 – 1644)
Brewstersteeg". Leiden: Key to Discovery. Retrieved 27 July 2020. Jones, 38 Cottrell, Robert C. (2010). Roger Baldwin: Founder, American Civil Liberties Union
William Brewster (Mayflower passenger)
William_Brewster_(Mayflower_passenger)
British television soap opera (1982–2003)
The spin-offs were both written by regular Brookside contributor Frank Cottrell-Boyce, and were woven into the narrative of Brookside as well, particularly
Brookside_(TV_series)
Science and craft of managing woodlands
OCLC 976898179. de Vries, S.M.G., Alan, M., Bozzano, M., Burianek, V., Collin, E., Cottrell, J., Ivankovic, M., Kelleher, C.T., Koskela, J., Rotach, P., Vietto, L
Forestry
Highly carcinogenic chemical compounds
Riseborough R, Brodine V (1971). "More Letters in the Wind". In Novick S, Cottrell D (eds.). Our world in peril: an Environment review. Greenwich, CT: Fawcett
Polychlorinated_biphenyl
Theories about the phenomenon of fascism
for instance, that Fascism is inherently warlike, that it thrives in an atmosphere of war hysteria and can only solve its economic problems by means of war
Definitions_of_fascism
White supremacist skinhead subculture
with a dozen of skinheads. Their size became noticeable by 1994, in the atmosphere of chaos that followed the dissolution of the Soviet Union and Mikhail
White_power_skinhead
Subgenre of black metal promoting Nazism
power chords, either lo-fi or well-produced recordings, an emphasis on atmosphere, and an "unholy" aesthetic. Keyboards are sometimes used, as are elements
National Socialist black metal
National_Socialist_black_metal
Greek military officer and politician (1871–1941)
parliament on 10 July 1935. From June to October 1935, there was a crisis atmosphere in Greece as the Army was purged of Venizelist officers, rumors swirled
Ioannis_Metaxas
Works in Oxford University Press series
Measurement David J. Hand 6 October 2016 Science 501 Telescopes Geoffrey Cottrell 8 December 2016 25 May 2023 (2nd ed. as Observational Astronomy) Science
List of Very Short Introductions books
List_of_Very_Short_Introductions_books
American particle physicist
Special Teaching Award 2019 Research Corporation for Scientific Advancement Cottrell Scholar Award "MIT Department of Physics". web.mit.edu. Archived from the
Kerstin_Perez
Rugby union variant
October 2016. "Set up your rugby sevens defence", Rugby Coach Weekly, Dan Cottrell. Blackburn, M. (2014). Coaching Rugby Sevens. Bloomsbury Publishing. p
Rugby_sevens
racist Blair Cottrell fails in supreme court appeal bid". The Guardian. 16 July 2019. Retrieved 16 July 2019. "Far-right extremist Blair Cottrell loses appeal
Islamophobia_in_Australia
Communist term for social democracy in early 1930s
an intensification of the class struggle inside the Soviet Union. An atmosphere of revolutionary fervour was created and saw any enemy of the ruling group
Social_fascism
Emirati chemist (1977 or 1978 – 2025)
eventually promoted to Full Professor. She was awarded a Research Corporation Cottrell College Science Award to study the surface interactions of organoarsenical
Hind_Al-Abadleh
Sardinia 1869 1885 This small church stood at the corner of Pratham and Cottrell (now Foote) Roads in the former community of Pratham, home to several Irish
List of churches in the Diocese of Buffalo
List_of_churches_in_the_Diocese_of_Buffalo
Variable star in the constellation Eridanus
; Purves, N.; Avila, R.; Knight, R.; Brassfield, E.; Kilmartin, P. M.; Cottrell, P. L. (January 2004). "Asteroseismology of the β Cephei star ν Eridani
Mu_Eridani
How the term nonmetal is used in many disciplines
doi:10.1038/s41597-020-00723-8. ISSN 2052-4463. PMC 7658987. PMID 33177500. Cottrell, Alan (1985). An introduction to metallurgy: SI units (2. ed., repr ed
Nonmetallic_material
History of fascist ideology
to power "on the back of a powerfully anticommunist program and in an atmosphere of widespread fear of a Bolshevik revolution at home," and their first
Fascism_and_ideology
Australian Seventh-day Adventist
a hearing, and a committee which included Cottrell met the brothers. The meeting had a "cordial atmosphere", spent mainly listening to the Brinsmeads
Robert_Brinsmead
Scientific project studying carbon transfer from Earth's interior
into the surface environment (e.g. biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere) through naturally occurring processes. DECADE is an initiative within
Deep Earth Carbon Degassing Project
Deep_Earth_Carbon_Degassing_Project
Method for land and forest regeneration
Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 978-92-5-109283-5. Ennos, Richard; Cottrell, Joan; Hall, Jeanette; O'Brien, David (2019). "Is the introduction of novel
Reforestation
Seventh-day Adventist Church faction
'Sanctuary Doctrine' – Asset or Liability?" by Raymond Cottrell, presented publicly in 2001 and 2002 Cottrell, Raymond (August 1985). "The Untold Story of the
Progressive_Adventism
Dutch-British writer, philosopher, and banker
January 1859). Journal of Conversations with Lord Byron (PDF). Boston: G. W. Cottrell. p. 98. Retrieved 1 August 2025. Orbell 2008. "Mole Valley – Surrey's Great
Thomas_Hope_(designer)
Branch of forestry
Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 978-92-5-109283-5. Ennos, Richard; Cottrell, Joan; Hall, Jeanette; O'Brien, David (2019). "Is the introduction of novel
Forest_management
French engineer, inventor & Nazi collaborator (1870–1960)
by d'Arsonval. P. Blakiston's Son & Co. 1913. Translated by Henry E. P. Cottrell from Air liquide, oxygène, azote. Préface de d'Arsonval. H. Dunod et E
Georges_Claude
Movement of carbon through Earth's mantle and core
intimately connected to the movement of carbon in the Earth's surface and atmosphere. By returning carbon to the deep Earth, it plays a critical role in maintaining
Deep_carbon_cycle
Biomass power station in South Africa
consortium comprising (a) ELB Engineering Services (Pty) Limited (b) KC Cottrell Company Limited and (c) ELB Educational Trust. The power station will use
Ngodwana Biomass Power Station
Ngodwana_Biomass_Power_Station
Analytical technique based on determining mass to charge ratio of ions
10 (1): 53–77. Bibcode:1991MSRv...10...53B. doi:10.1002/mas.1280100104. Cottrell JS, Greathead RJ (1986). "Extending the Mass Range of a Sector Mass Spectrometer"
Mass_spectrometry
Australian physiologist, biochemist, gerontologist, and animal nutritionist
the Regents of the University of California declined Cottrell's offer. In response, Cottrell went on to establish an independent nonprofit organization
Thorburn_Brailsford_Robertson
Calendar year
2014). "Seminary gave way to Cub faithful". Chicago Tribune. A. p. 14. Cottrell, Peter (2009). The War for Ireland, 1913–1923. Oxford: Osprey. pp. 14–15
1914
Environmental problems caused by warfare
change performance index. 14 November 2024. Retrieved 3 January 2025. Cottrell, Linsey; Parkinson, Stuart (November 2022). Estimating the Military's Global
Environmental_impact_of_war
Views and voting record of the British politician
2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016. David Millward, Nigel Farage aide, George Cottrell, denies 21 counts of fraud, money laundering and extortion Archived 2 December
Political positions of Nigel Farage
Political_positions_of_Nigel_Farage
Arguments against the economic system of capitalism
Critique of Hayek Archived 9 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine by Allin F. Cottrell and W. Paul Cockshott Value, Price and Profit – Karl Marx on the basic
Criticism_of_capitalism
2012 US music awards ceremony
Russell Mauldin and Johnathan Crumpton When the Stars Burn Down – Travis Cottrell Recorded Music Packaging A Way to See in the Dark (Special Edition) – Jason
43rd_GMA_Dove_Awards
Organism that uses light for energy but needs nutrients from elsewhere
89–120. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415836-8.00006-2. ISBN 978-0-12-415836-8. Cottrell, Matthew T.; Kirchman, David L. (2009). "Photoheterotrophic Microbes in
Photoheterotroph
United States Army research vessel
space (from a radar signature, for example) before they re-entered the atmosphere. Her home berth was Port Canaveral during this period. It was hoped that
USAS_American_Mariner
American nonprofit organization
Chicago, Illinois. Federal Bureau of Investigation. John Kerry. pp. 7–8. Cottrell, Robert C. (August 8, 2020). All-American Rebels: The American Left from
Vietnam Veterans Against the War
Vietnam_Veterans_Against_the_War
Homophobic hate crime
similar reasons. Corrective rape is a hate crime. A 2000 study suggested an atmosphere supportive of hate crimes against gay men and lesbians, reactions to hate
Corrective_rape
Ongoing environmental disaster
.4..481B. doi:10.1038/nclimate2198. ISSN 1758-678X. Morris, Jesse L.; Cottrell, Stuart; Fettig, Christopher J.; Hansen, Winslow D.; Sherriff, Rosemary
Rocky Mountain bark beetle infestation
Rocky_Mountain_bark_beetle_infestation
COTTRELL ATMOSPHERE
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