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Transformation of goods, services, ideas and people into commodities or objects of trade
Commodification is the process of transforming inalienable, free, or gifted things (objects, services, ideas, nature, personal information, people) into
Commodification
Process of turning water into a tradable commodity
The commodification of water refers to the process of turning water, especially freshwater, from a public good[clarification needed] into a tradable commodity
Commodification_of_water
2026 book
GIRLS®: Generation Z and the Commodification of Everything is a 2026 book by Freya India which examines the commodification of Gen-Z women through shifts
GIRLS®: Generation Z and the Commodification of Everything
GIRLS®:_Generation_Z_and_the_Commodification_of_Everything
Cultural tourism issue
Heritage commodification is the process by which cultural themes and expressions come to be evaluated primarily in terms of their exchange value, specifically
Heritage_commodification
The commodification of nature is an area of research within critical environmental studies that is concerned with the ways in which natural entities and
Commodification_of_nature
Legal status as property of most non-human animals
and at other times not subsist." The commodification of animals is one of the earliest forms of commodification, which can be traced back to the time
Commodity_status_of_animals
Process where unique economic goods become interchangeable in the eyes of consumers
they will tend to buy the cheapest. This is not to be confused with commodification, which is the concept of objects or services being assigned an exchange
Commoditization
Imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome
Punishment is the imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon an individual or group, as a response for breaking some norm or rule. The term
Punishment
Person without fixed habitat
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Nomad
Housing in the United States comes in a variety of forms and tenures. The rate of homeownership in the United States, as measured by the fraction of units
Housing_in_the_United_States
1995 book by Deborah Root
Cannibal Culture: Art, Appropriation and the Commodification of Difference (ISBN 0-8133-2089-5) is a book by Deborah Root, published in 1995 by Westview
Cannibal_Culture
Book by McKenzie Wark
critical manifesto written by McKenzie Wark, which criticizes the commodification of information in the age of digital culture and globalization. It
A_Hacker_Manifesto
Concept in political economics
in political economics which denotes the widespread collection and commodification of personal data by corporations. This phenomenon is distinct from
Surveillance_capitalism
People employed to exhume bodies during the 18th and 19th centuries
commonplace by the 1720s and that fresh corpses had likely undergone commodification, probably as a direct result of the lack of legally available bodies
Resurrectionists in the United Kingdom
Resurrectionists_in_the_United_Kingdom
Concept in economics
become destabilised." Polanyi's insight follows the Marxian notions of "commodification" and "Commodity fetishism." Fetishism in anthropology refers to the
Fictitious_commodities
Tsentsak are invisible pathogenic projectiles or magical darts utilized in indigenous and mestizo shamanic practices for the purposes of sorcery and healing
Tsentsak
British author
her Substack GIRLS and her 2026 book GIRLS®: Generation Z and the Commodification of Everything. India is from London and was working in a cafe before
Freya_India
1968 science fiction novel by Philip K. Dick
struggle for a different way of being in the world. This way resists commodification in our relations with one another and with nature to produce a better
Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
Do_Androids_Dream_of_Electric_Sheep?
2020 American TV docuseries
Cheer is an American sport television docuseries airing on Netflix starting in January 2020. The six-part series follows the nationally ranked forty-member
Cheer_(TV_series)
Fashion that does not conform to mainstream styles
the alternative fashion market. This change in the availability and commodification of alternative fashions has encouraged much broader use of styles in
Alternative_fashion
Fungible item produced to satisfy wants or needs
carrying premium profit margins for market participants to a status of commodification. There is a spectrum of commoditization, rather than a binary distinction
Commodity
American philosopher (1960-)
contemporary life, such as class oppression, globalization and the commodification of services (or production of affects), have the potential to spark
Michael_Hardt
1991 book by Wang Huning
such as inequality, economic conflicts, decaying of social values and commodification. He also praised the strengths of the U.S., such as its modernity,
America_Against_America
Concept in political economy
acceptable standard of living independently of market participation." While commodification is the transformation of goods, services, ideas and people into commodities
Decommodification
Style of casual clothing
American community has also been seen as cultural appropriation and commodification. This is, in part, because streetwear and "urban wear" were originally
Streetwear
Art movement
matter no longer held traction. Conceptual art also reacted against the commodification of art; it attempted a subversion of the gallery or museum as the location
Conceptual_art
1973 fantasy novel by Michael Ende
FANTASY NOVEL MOMO". Focus on German Studies. 19. "Momo, Dogen. and the Commodification of Time". buddhism.lib.ntu.edu.tw. Retrieved 10 July 2017. "Michael
Momo_(novel)
American YouTube streamer (born 1979)
Blavity. Retrieved May 11, 2024. Francombe, Amy (August 25, 2023). "The Commodification of Hating Men". Vice. Retrieved May 11, 2024. "Read these two books"
SheraSeven
Effects of tourism on the environment. destination communities, and economy
authors argue that commodification is inevitable. There are both positive and negative sociocultural impacts of commodification on a culture. One positive
Impacts_of_tourism
View that capital exists in nature as "natural capital"
eco-capitalism, such as eco-socialists, view continued economic growth and commodification of nature as an inevitability in capitalism, and thus criticize bright-green
Eco-capitalism
Native American narrative art
Ledger art is narrative drawing or painting on paper or cloth, predominantly practiced by Plains Indians but also from the Indigenous peoples of the Plateau
Ledger_art
American singer and talent manager (1939–2025)
by some fans and journalists who have raised reservations about the commodification of Selena's image, particularly regarding her posthumous releases.
Abraham_Quintanilla
2023 novel by Nana Kwame Adjei-Brenyah
Adjei-Brenyah critiques the carceral system, capitalist society, and commodification of human suffering. Chain Gang All Stars is a work of speculative fiction
Chain-Gang_All-Stars
Gift-giving festival and economic system
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Potlatch
Economic system based on private ownership
property, profit motive, capital accumulation, competitive markets, commodification, wage labor, and an emphasis on innovation and economic growth. Capitalist
Capitalism
1925 essay by Marcel Mauss
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
The_Gift_(essay)
Famine in India under Crown rule
vulnerable. The cultivation of alternate cash crops, in addition to the commodification of grain, played a significant role in the events. The famine occurred
Great_Famine_of_1876–1878
report that examined online communities allegedly involved in the commodification of sexual violence against women. The communities exchanged advice
Online Rape Academy (CNN investigation)
Online_Rape_Academy_(CNN_investigation)
Traditional Mongolian festival
Joseph (2015). "The Price on Our Practices: Motivation and Cultural Commodification in the Mongolian Tourism Industry". ISP Collection. SIT Study Abroad
Golden_Eagle_Festival
Social networking services where hosts do not receive payments
sorts. It was featured as a means to achieve a cosmopolitan utopia. Commodification of CouchSurfing terminated "the existence of a project run as a flourishing
Hospitality_exchange_service
Outlandishly fashionable man
society such as political change, class consciousness, new nationalisms, commodification, and consumer capitalism. The macaroni was the Georgian era precursor
Macaroni_(fashion)
organs themselves". "Organ gifting" is proposed to contrast with organ commodification. The maintenance of a spirit of altruism in this context has been interpreted
Organ_gifting
Beauty contest featuring children as contestants
A child beauty pageant is a controversial beauty contest featuring contestants under 18 years of age. Competition categories may include talent, interview
Child_beauty_pageant
Adult with childlike interests
childlikeness. Karen Brooks has written about what she calls the "commodification of youth": entertainers sell "the teen spirit" to adults who in the
Kidult
1944 book by Karl Polanyi
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
The Great Transformation (book)
The_Great_Transformation_(book)
Historical currency using sea shells
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Shell_money
Water sold as a bottled product
has analyzed the commodification of bottled water through the corporate and cultural branding of nature, and how this commodification has added to the
Bottled_water
Branch of agriculture concerned with raising livestock
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Pastoralism
Organized crime phenomenon
Festival del Viaggio FITUR ITB Berlin World Tourism Day Issues Heritage commodification Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism Impacts of tourism Leakage
Crime_tourism
national GDP. The neoliberal model brought with it a phenomenon of the commodification of education, in which knowledge is privatized and profit is established
Neoliberalism_in_Peru
City and county in California, US
thousand; and by 1999, there were more than thirty thousand." The commodification of the Castro District has contributed to San Francisco's tourist economy
San_Francisco
2nd episode of the 6th series of Black Mirror
thematically similar to series one's "Fifteen Million Merits", which shows commodification and talent show television impacting human empathy. Additionally, the
Loch_Henry
Proportion of worth at which a commodity can be traded for other commodities
too much risk of a type that would undermine the business. Thus, the commodification of a good or service often involves a considerable practical accomplishment
Exchange_value
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Peasant_economics
Stance of supporting peaceful coexistence and diversity of spiritual belief
digital religion, hybrid identities, migration, secular governance, and commodification of spirituality. Globalization has enabled religions and their practitioners
Religious_pluralism
Khoikhoi woman (c. 1789–1815)
been called the epitome of racist colonial exploitation, and of the commodification and dehumanization of African people. No contemporary record of Baartman's
Sarah_Baartman
French philosopher (1952–2020)
Buddhist economics Buy Nothing Day Collaborative consumption Collapsology Commodification Commodity fetishism Commune Compulsive buying disorder Conspicuous
Bernard_Stiegler
Ethnic group in Sudan
Calkins, Sandra; Gertel, Jörg (2014). Disrupting Territories : Land, Commodification and Conflict in Sudan. Suffolk, England: James Currey. p. 124. ISBN 9781847010544
Nuba_peoples
Chinese Communist Party slogan
right Bourgeois socialism Capitalist mode of production Class struggle Commodification Dialectics Dictatorship of the proletariat Historical materialism Imperialism
Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun
Political_power_grows_out_of_the_barrel_of_a_gun
Unnatural death caused by social, political, or economic factors
right Bourgeois socialism Capitalist mode of production Class struggle Commodification Dialectics Dictatorship of the proletariat Historical materialism Imperialism
Social_murder
Indian folklore clan
Superintendent, Government Press – via Google Books. Brand Kerala: Commodification of Open-Source Ayurveda (Ezhava/Thiyya medicinal tradition). The History
Odiyan_clan
Housing rights organization in Missouri
locals to negotiate better living conditions for renters, slow the commodification of housing, help establish alternatives to the predominant market-based
KC_Tenants
Digital facilities and systems serving society
argue that DPI systems, even when government-operated, can enable the commodification of personal data and behavioral prediction at population scale. The
Digital_public_infrastructure
Female stock character who acts as a love interest
RogerEbert.com. Kraft, Caroline. "'Daisy Jones & the Six' and the Commodification of Free-Spirited Women". The New Yorker. Robinson, Ellie (26 April
Manic_Pixie_Dream_Girl
U.S. state
Hawaiian scholar Haunani-Kay Trask, tourism in Hawaii has led to the commodification and exploitation of Hawaiian culture resulting in insidious forms of
Hawaii
Fictional protagonist of Pattern Recognition by William Gibson
novelty and facilitating commodification who also holds out hope for the possibility of a future immune to commodification and instrumentalisation. Faber
Cayce_Pollard
Argentine revolutionary (1928–1967)
capitalist social relations as alienation and antagonism; the result of the commodification of labor and the operation of the law of value. For Guevara, the challenge
Che_Guevara
property, the profit motive, capital accumulation, competitive markets, commodification, wage labor, and an emphasis on innovation and economic growth. Modern
History_of_capitalism
2nd episode of the 1st series of Black Mirror
figures. The episode's ambiguous ending led to discussion about the commodification of dissent. The visual style and music of the episode were praised
Fifteen_Million_Merits
Concept of commodification of art
perpetuated through the proliferation of comforts, consumerism, and commodification; where the concept of repressive desublimation highlights the desire-production
Repressive_desublimation
Systematic, institutionalized exploitation of animals
commodification of nonhuman animals. In the book Education for Total Liberation, Meneka Repka cites Barbara Noski as saying that the commodification of
Animal–industrial_complex
individual acts of animal cruelty. The animal–industrial complex involves commodification of animals under contemporary capitalism and includes every economic
Animal_exploitation
Usage of artificial intelligence to generate music
intellectual property frameworks fighting against automated sonic commodification. A more nascent development of AI in music is the application of audio
Artificial intelligence in music
Artificial_intelligence_in_music
French-Israeli sociologist (born 1961)
Illouz’ first book, Consuming the Romantic Utopia, addresses the commodification of romance and the romanticization of commodities. Looking at a wide
Eva_Illouz
Fetishization of Black culture
across domains have, in the recent past, been identified for this commodification of Black identity, including Kim Kardashian, Eminem, Ariana Grande
Negrophilia
State of being cast off
Cecelia (2009). "Fear of Intimacy? Psychoanalysis and the Resistance to Commodification". In Oliver, Kelly; Keltner, S. K. (eds.). Psychoanalysis, Aesthetics
Abjection
2008 book by Stephanie E. Smallwood
important threads running through Smallwood's book is the process of commodification. This project begins in the introduction, where she contrasts the African
Saltwater_Slavery
Dialect of English spoken in the Canadian city
non-Black residents of Toronto, comparing the appropriation of MTE to the commodification of African-American Vernacular English in hip-hop. In response to Lilly
Toronto_slang
1977 book by Wendell Berry
environmental degradation, a decline of family farms and rural communities, a commodification of both land and people, and a broader cultural alienation from the
The_Unsettling_of_America
Sale of experiences to customers
co-produced through the interaction between consumers and producers. Commodification E-commerce Experience management Generation Z Retail apocalypse Pine
Experience_economy
Positive stance toward LGBTQ people
assimilation of LGBTQ people into mainstream, heteronormative society, the commodification of non-heterosexual identity and culture, and in particular the (over)
Pride_(LGBTQ_culture)
African-American sex slaves
ISBN 978-0393314816. Gordon, Tiye (2015). "The Fancy Trade and the Commodification of Rape in the Sexual Economy of 19th Century U.S. Slavery". University
Fancy_girl
Armenian-American archeologist, connoisseur of art and collector
occurred in 1970 at the Parke-Bernet Galleries. In a study of the commodification of Islamic antiques and their entry into museum collections, Mercedes
Hagop_Kevorkian
Things or services that satisfy human wants
for any lawful purposes just like any other goods. Bad (economics) Commodification Fast-moving consumer goods Final goods Finished goods Goods and services
Goods
Ceremonial exchange system in the Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Kula_ring
Theory in anthropology
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Original_affluent_society
Acquisition of goods beyond essential needs
media theorist Stuart Ewen introduced what he referred to as the "commodification of consciousness", and coined the term "commodity self" to describe
Consumerism
American lawyer (born 1969)
February 5, 2018. Crump, Benjamin L. "Libyan Slave Trade Perpetuates The Commodification of Black Bodies." HuffPost, January 5, 2018. Crump, Benjamin L. "Civil
Benjamin_Crump
French political party
water, food, living, health, energy, or currency by preventing their commodification in order to preserve the general interest and by developing corresponding
La_France_Insoumise
Children's picture book series by Judith Byron Schachner
Library Journal. 54: 12. "When Entertainment Trumps Social Concerns: The Commodification of Mexican Culture and Language". Critical content analysis of children's
Skippyjon_Jones
Yoruba traditional priest
appreciation for cultural richness and potential negative aspects related to commodification or misrepresentation of practices. The impacts of babalawo and the
Babalawo
American anthropologist, author, poet, and professor
Economic, applied, and development anthropology Basic concepts Barter Commodification Cultural capital Debt Embeddedness Finance Gift economy Inalienable
Stanley_Diamond
Right to communicate one's opinions and ideas
and Lucie Guibault, the public domain is under pressure from the "commodification of information" as information with previously little or no economic
Freedom_of_speech
1995 EWHC court case
Retrieved 11 March 2024. Greenfield, Steve (2001). Regulating Football: Commodification, Consumption and the Law. Pluto Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780745310268.
Newport Association Football Club Ltd and others v Football Association of Wales Ltd
Newport_Association_Football_Club_Ltd_and_others_v_Football_Association_of_Wales_Ltd
Artwork created for a certain place
only exist in the museum space and were the objects of the market and commodification. Since 1960, artists were trying to find a way out of this situation
Site-specific_art
2018 book by Bradley J. Borougerdi
nonfiction book by Bradley J. Borougerdi about the historical and present commodification of Cannabis by society and the industry. It examines in particular
Commodifying_Cannabis
Competitive sport
Yogi". Slate. Shearer, Marisa (2022). "Mantras and Monetization: The Commodification of Yoga and Culture". Virginia Sports and Entertainment Law Journal
Competitive_yoga
Components of an environment handling and processing types of data
availability of information through the web, which has contributed to the commodification of data. Data refers to digitized information that is compressed for
Data_ecosystem
Movements to revive the faith in Islamic history
reaction against Western influences such as individualism, consumerism, commodification of women, and sexual liberty, which were seen as subverting Islamic
Islamic_revival
Anthropologist specialising in influencers and internet culture
Australia Thesis Please subscribe!: influencers, social media, and the commodification of everyday life (2016) Doctoral advisor Rob Cover, Greg Acciaioli
Crystal_Abidin
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