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Form of indirect censorship
Censorship by proxy is the effort to suppress information by means other than criminalizing it or destroying it. It is a form of indirect censorship in
Censorship_by_proxy
Methods to bypass internet censorship
Other tools can tunnel the network traffic to proxy servers in jurisdictions that don't have censorship. Through pluggable transports, traffic obscuration
Internet censorship circumvention
Internet_censorship_circumvention
Free and open-source internet circumvention tool
Internet censorship circumvention tool that uses a combination of secure communication and obfuscation technologies, such as a VPN, SSH, and a Web proxy. Psiphon
Psiphon
Computer system that receives and forwards requests
accessed using a proxy located in that country to access the service. Web proxies are the most common means of bypassing government censorship, although no
Proxy_server
Suppression of speech and information
Book censorship – Book removed or banned from public and/or private usage Censor bars – Basic form of censorship Censorship by proxy Censorship of LGBTQ
Censorship
Internet software utility
new proxy program, some people thought it was a phishing attack. Reports from Iran said the users who used Freegate to pass Internet censorship in Iran
Freegate
Proxy server designed to bypass internet censorship
making it effective in censorship-heavy environments such as China. The operating principle of V2Ray is basically the same as other proxy tools: it uses specific
V2Ray
Configuration file for computer networking
A proxy auto-config (PAC) file defines how web browsers and other user agents can automatically choose the appropriate proxy server (access method) for
Proxy_auto-config
Anti-censorship software
others in circumventing internet censorship by relaying data requests. Snowflake proxy nodes are meant to be created by people in countries where Tor and
Snowflake_(software)
Freeware Internet censorship circumvention product
freeware Internet censorship circumvention product created by UltraReach Internet Corporation. The software bypasses Internet censorship and firewalls using
Ultrasurf
Free and open-source encrypted proxy project
protocol project, widely used in China to circumvent Internet censorship. It was created in 2012 by a Chinese programmer named "clowwindy", and multiple implementations
Shadowsocks
Legal control of the internet
Internet censorship is the legal control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet. Censorship is most often applied
Internet_censorship
Form of voting that allows delegation
Proxy voting is a form of voting whereby a member of a decision-making body may delegate their voting power to a representative, to enable a vote in absence
Proxy_voting
Flash proxy is a pluggable transport and proxy which runs in a web browser. Flash proxies are an Internet censorship circumvention tool which enables users
Flash_proxy
known as Twitter, has been involved in multiple controversies involving censorship of content, removing or omitting information from its services in order
Censorship_by_X
Restrictions to access on X by governments
launch in 2006, X, formerly Twitter, has been subjected to Internet censorship by governments and other authorities which may take unilateral action to
Censorship_of_X
Online privacy tool
An anonymizer or anonymous proxy is a tool that attempts to make activity on the Internet untraceable. It is a proxy server computer that acts as an intermediary
Anonymous_proxy
Japanese anime television series
Ergo Proxy is a Japanese cyberpunk anime television series, produced by Manglobe, directed by Shūkō Murase and written by Dai Satō. The series ran for
Ergo_Proxy
Peer-to-peer Internet platform for censorship-resistant communication
communicating on the Web without fear of censorship. Both Freenet and some of its associated tools were originally designed by Ian Clarke, who defined Freenet's
Hyphanet
Internet protocol that uses a proxy server
addresses eavesdropping, which in consequence clears a way to censorship by governments. SOCKS proxies, particularly SOCKS5, generally provide improved performance
SOCKS
Chinese internet regulations
using multiple open proxies. VPNs (virtual private networks) are one of the most popular tools used by foreigners for bypassing censorship technologies. They
Great_Firewall
Vietnam and Venezuela. In some instances, there is widespread Internet censorship in general that includes Wikipedia content. Other measures prevent the
Censorship_of_Wikipedia
Commercial service for proxied Internet access
virtual private network (VPN) service is a proxy server marketed to help users bypass Internet censorship such as geo-blocking and users who want to protect
VPN_service
1163/095796511X562644 Music censorship incidents in Iran – reported by Freemuse Committee against censorship (Iran Proxy) – Anti Censorship Committee in Iran Pictures
Censorship_in_Iran
Internet censorship circumvention technique
anti-censorship approach that would allow users to circumvent a censor without using any individual proxy servers. Instead, it implements proxy functionality
Refraction_networking
Non-caching proxy server
chained to other proxies and is frequently used in combination with Squid among others and can be used to bypass Internet censorship. Privoxy is based
Privoxy
China is circumvented by determined parties by using proxy servers outside the firewall. Users may circumvent all of the censorship and monitoring of the
Internet_censorship_in_China
American software company
through an encrypted proxy; no client software was required. The service became popular with users in countries with internet censorship, including China
SafeWeb
Censorship in the People's Republic of China (PRC) is mandated by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It is one of the strictest censorship regimes in the
Censorship_in_China
Mobile proxy client
Shadowrocket is a proxy utility application for iOS published by Shadow Launch Technology Limited, which is typically used to circumvent the Great Firewall
Shadowrocket
British fact-checking organisation
content should specified by legislation for increased democratic oversight, arguing that there was de facto censorship-by-proxy by the government through
Full_Fact
Technique for Internet censorship circumvention
Domain fronting is a technique for Internet censorship circumvention that uses different domain names in different communication layers of an HTTPS connection
Domain_fronting
Internet error message
domain root/home page. Some proxy servers generate a 404 error when a 500-range error code would be more correct. If the proxy server is unable to satisfy
HTTP_404
Facebook has been involved in multiple controversies involving censorship of content, removing or omitting information from its services in order to comply
Censorship_by_Facebook
German social media regulation law
retrieved 18 October 2021 Kreimer, Seth F. (1 November 2006). "Censorship by Proxy: The First Amendment, Internet Intermediaries, and the Problem of
Network_Enforcement_Act
Internet censorship circumvention software
internet censorship circumvention tool that operates in some of the most extreme censorship environments, such as China, Iran, and Russia. It was used by millions
Lantern_(software)
although it is possible to access the site through onion services. Online censorship by Facebook of algorithmic methods raises concerns including the surveillance
Censorship_of_Facebook
Organization monitoring status of websites censored in China
the status of websites censored by the Great Firewall of China and helps Chinese Internet users circumvent the censorship and blockage of websites in China
GreatFire
(Iran) headed by Prosecutor-General of Iran decides which websites must be censored and implements this vast censorship. Internet censorship legislation
Internet_censorship_in_Iran
Blacklist of Wikipedia in the UK
on the blacklist. This was described by the IWF as unintended "collateral damage". This was due to the proxies used to access Wikipedia, as Wikipedia
Internet Watch Foundation and Wikipedia
Internet_Watch_Foundation_and_Wikipedia
Mobile browser developed by Opera Software
Bada. Opera Mini requests web pages through Opera Software's compression proxy server. The compression server processes and compresses the requested web
Opera_Mini
Private network of connections between trusted peers
connection), and anonymity proxy networks such as Tor via an anonymized series of connections. The term darknet was popularized by major news outlets and
Darknet
Informal term for the transfer of electronic information by physically moving media
sneaker net, is an informal term for the transfer of electronic information by physically moving media such as magnetic tape, floppy disks, optical discs
Sneakernet
Free and open-source Shadowsocks deployment tool
interface. Outline has three main components: The Outline Server acts as a proxy and relays connections between the client and the sites they want to access
Outline_VPN
Software that restricts or controls the content an Internet user is capable to access
An Internet filter is a type of Internet censorship that restricts or controls the content an Internet user is capable to access, especially when utilized
Internet_filter
Protocol to encrypt DNS queries
implementation dnscrypt-proxy additionally integrates ODoH. In addition to private deployments, the DNSCrypt protocol has been adopted by several public DNS
DNSCrypt
Peer to peer web hosting
China. Despite the censorship, however, it is still possible to access ZeroNet from behind the Great Firewall of China, even over Tor, by bootstrapping over
ZeroNet
Decentralised video hosting network
which can prevent vendor lock-in and makes it more resilient against censorship. The software relies on the PostgreSQL DBMS. Unofficial PeerTube video
PeerTube
Virtual private network provider
Shield is a public VPN service operated by AnchorFree, Inc. Hotspot Shield was used to bypass government censorship during the Arab Spring protests in Egypt
Hotspot_Shield
Free and open-source anonymity network based on onion routing
information Freenet GNUnet I2P Internet censorship circumvention Internet privacy Signal Privacy software Privoxy Proxy server Psiphon Tor Phone ZeroNet Portals:
Tor_(network)
Access restrictions based on IP address
Unix-like operating systems). It can be bypassed using methods such as proxy servers; however, this can be circumvented with DHCP lease renewal. Every
IP_address_blocking
Tor Browser-based circumvention tool prepared by The Pirate Bay
PirateBrowser is a web browser by The Pirate Bay used to circumvent Internet censorship. PirateBrowser was released on 10 August 2013 on the tenth anniversary
PirateBrowser
Script used to censor words or phrases on the internet
search and replace method. Censorship by Google § Search suggestions Content-control software Grawlix Internet censorship Scunthorpe problem "When the
Wordfilter
Television censorship is the censorship of television content, either through the excising of certain frames or scenes, or outright banning of televisions
Television_censorship
Extension of a private network across a public one
Borak, Masha (7 April 2023). "The Open Source VPN Out-Maneuvering Russian Censorship". Wired. Retrieved 28 April 2026. Gill, Mark (27 March 2026). "Amnezia
Virtual_private_network
to primarily be implementing censorship through DNS hijacking and through the use of middle boxes (HTTP transparent proxies), which serve block pages. Video
Internet censorship in Thailand
Internet_censorship_in_Thailand
HTTP extension supporting TLS encryption
corporate information systems on the World Wide Web. In 2016, a campaign by the Electronic Frontier Foundation with the support of web browser developers
HTTPS
Large-scale intranet maintained by a nation-state as a substitute for the Internet
system termed the Great Firewall, combined with censorship of content posted from within its borders, such as by blocking lists of "sensitive" keywords. North
National_intranet
timeout behind the proxy to a client in front of the proxy. 599 Network Connect Timeout Error An error used by some HTTP proxies to signal a network
List_of_HTTP_status_codes
Anonymity network
Java Anon Proxy (JAP) also known as JonDonym, was a proxy system designed to allow browsing the Web with revocable pseudonymity. It was originally developed
Java_Anon_Proxy
South African sociologist (1908–1994)
1017/S0010417500006782. ISSN 0010-4175. Kuper, Leo (1975). "Censorship by proxy". Index on Censorship. 4 (3): 48–50. doi:10.1080/03064227508532449. ISSN 0306-4220
Leo_Kuper
Website providing torrent files and magnet links
2016. Van der Sar, Ernesto (22 December 2012). "Pirate Bay Censorship Backfires as New Proxies Bloom". TorrentFreak. Archived from the original on 22 April
The_Pirate_Bay
Internet privacy company
Anonymizer in 1997 when the company acquired a web based privacy proxy of the same name developed by Justin Boyan at Carnegie Mellon University School of Computer
Anonymizer_(company)
government requests might mean future complicity with other Iranian government censorship, or even allow government access to Telegram's data on Iranian users"
Censorship_of_Telegram
Open-source VPN client and server software
of the key features of SoftEther VPN is the transparency for firewalls, proxy servers, and NATs (Network Address Translators). To do this, SoftEther VPN
SoftEther_VPN
Censorship in Turkey is regulated by domestic and international legislation, the latter (in theory) taking precedence over domestic law, according to Article
Censorship_in_Turkey
monitoring probes, the project has uncovered and documented systematic mass-censorship of communications infrastructure, primarily social media services, during
Turkey_Blocks
Website set up to circumvent censorship on Weibo
the site goes by the name "Martin Johnson". According to Deutsche Welle, he describes his mission as: breaking Chinese Internet censorship and creating
FreeWeibo
country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the Freedom on the Net reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet
Internet censorship and surveillance in Europe
Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_in_Europe
Telex is a research anti-censorship system that would allow users to circumvent a censor without alerting the censor to the act of circumvention. It is
Telex (anti-censorship system)
Telex_(anti-censorship_system)
List of URLs and image hashes
redirect traffic to these sites to special HTTP proxy servers which perform the actual filtering by matching HTTP requests to URLs on the blacklist.
Child abuse image content list
Child_abuse_image_content_list
Censorship is controlled by the Government of Russia and by civil society in the Russian Federation, applying to the content and the diffusion of information
Censorship_in_Russia
Doctrine". Ohio State Law Journal. 70: 141. Kreimer, Seth F. (2006). "Censorship by Proxy: The First Amendment, Internet Intermediaries, and the Problem of
Zieper_v._Metzinger
Web proxy browser extension
uProxy was an extension for Chrome and Firefox, which allowed users to access the Internet via a web proxy. This project has been superseded by Snowflake
UProxy
The software development platform GitHub has been the target of censorship from governments using methods ranging from local Internet service provider
Censorship_of_GitHub
Internet censorship in Ba'athist Syria was extensive; with numerous websites and online platforms being banned for political reasons. Internet usage was
Internet censorship in Ba'athist Syria
Internet_censorship_in_Ba'athist_Syria
Computer security specialist
Hacktivismo's Six/Four System. The Six/Four System is a censorship resistant network proxy. It works by using "trusted peers" to relay network connections
Mixter
country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the Freedom on the Net reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet
Internet censorship and surveillance in the Americas
Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_in_the_Americas
Organization coordinating policy priorities and candidates for government positions
fact a proxy political actor, directly or indirectly controlled by another political party, group or organization, formal or informal. Proxy political
Political_party
Internet censorship in Tunisia decreased in January 2011 following the ousting of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali. The successor acting government removed
Internet censorship in Tunisia
Internet_censorship_in_Tunisia
Network application software
network and application framework released by the Cult of the Dead Cow on August 11, 2023, at DEF CON 31. Described by its authors as "like Tor, but for apps"
Veilid
USB device installed in a public space
public are implicitly invited to find files, or leave files, on a dead drop by directly plugging their laptop into the wall-mounted USB stick in order to
USB_dead_drop
Swiss company
Anonymous proxy Darknet Dark web Data security Internet privacy I2P Overlay network Privacy by design Privacy engineering Privacy software Proxy server Secure
Nym_Technologies
HTTP status code
Open Rights Group. If the request is for the blocked content then the proxy server will return a 404 error page to the customer Arthur, Charles (8 December
HTTP_451
Internet censorship in Australia is enforced by both the country's criminal law as well as voluntarily enacted by internet service providers. The Australian
Internet censorship in Australia
Internet_censorship_in_Australia
accessing the Internet, as most were equipped with proxy servers in order to bypass government censorship. The popularity of Internet cafés declined with
Internet_in_Myanmar
that "ISPs are required to block the illegal sites themselves, and proxies and proxy aggregators whose sole or predominant purpose is to give access to
List of websites blocked in the United Kingdom
List_of_websites_blocked_in_the_United_Kingdom
2026 Iran war, the United States, Israel and Iran all implemented severe censorship to hide their actual amount of damage and success in the war. The U.S
Censorship during the 2026 Iran war
Censorship_during_the_2026_Iran_war
Free and open source project building an anonymous network
that allows for censorship-resistant, peer-to-peer communication. Anonymous connections are achieved by encrypting the user's traffic (by using end-to-end
I2P
Registered charity in Cambridge, England
system to be routed through a transparent proxy server. Wikipedia distinguishes unlogged-in users from each other by their IP address, so interpreted all unlogged-in
Internet_Watch_Foundation
Anonymous darknet file sharing software
Facebook GitHub Twitter Wikipedia Principles With a proxy server P2P Web proxies SSH VPN PAC Without a proxy server HTTPS IPv6 transition mechanism hosts DNSCrypt
StealthNet
Censorship of Google refers to the blocking or filtering of Google services by outside entities (typically governments), preventing users from accessing
Censorship_of_Google
Political party in the Republic of Ireland
Sands's agent, stood as an "Anti-H-Block Proxy Political Prisoner", winning a seat in the subsequent August by-election. In the Republic of Ireland's general
Anti_H-Block
Shadow library search engine
2023 blog post by the site's operators, the backend runs on Flask, MariaDB, and Elasticsearch, hosted on inexpensive servers that are proxied through separate
Anna's_Archive
Saudi Arabia maintains one of the world's most restrictive censorship regimes, characterized by close state monitoring and restrictions of media, internet
Censorship_in_Saudi_Arabia
Ongoing conflict in the Middle East
condemns attacks by Hezbollah against Israel and supports Israel's right to defend itself. He further described Hezbollah as an Iranian proxy that does not
2026_Lebanon_war
Internet censorship in Singapore is carried out by the Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA). Internet services provided by the three major Internet
Internet censorship in Singapore
Internet_censorship_in_Singapore
Service that warns about malicious URLs
user IPs for Safe Browsing requests in the iOS version of Safari using a proxy server in 2021, which hides the true IP from Google, preventing cross-request
Google_Safe_Browsing
Protocol to run DNS queries over HTTPS
necessary replies via DoH by reaching DoH-servers in the Internet. This method is transparent to the end user. Installing a DoH proxy on a local system: In
DNS_over_HTTPS
Open-source self-hosted VPN software
open-source software and developed by Amnezia, a company that creates tools for self-hosted VPN infrastructure and censorship circumvention. It allows users
Amnezia_VPN
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