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Mammal tooth type
Carnassials are paired upper and lower teeth modified in such a way as to allow enlarged and often self-sharpening edges to pass by each other in a shearing
Carnassial
Family of mammals
borophagines, with both groups having a bicuspid (two points) on the lower carnassial talonid, which gives this tooth an additional ability in mastication.
Canidae
Order of mammals
presence of the carnassial teeth, but the nature of the carnassial teeth is different between the two groups. In carnivorans, the carnassials are positioned
Carnivora
Small domesticated carnivorous mammal
have small vertebrae. The premolar and first molar together compose the carnassial pair on each side of the mouth, which efficiently shears meat into small
Cat
Family of mammals
exceptional size in the extinct Machairodontinae. The lower carnassial is smaller than the upper carnassial and has a crown with two compressed blade-like pointed
Felidae
Domesticated species of canid
teeth, and it has evolved for the consumption of flesh. Dogs use their carnassial teeth to cut food into bite-sized chunks, more especially meat. Dogs'
Dog
Genus of canines
upper carnassial) that is only used for cutting. They use their molars for grinding except for the lower first molar m1 (the lower carnassial) that has
Canis
Genus of carnivores
(African wild dog). The crushing role of the post-carnassial molars is reduced. The lower carnassial (m1) of Speothos lacks the entoconid, creating a trenchant
Speothos
Taxon of carnivorous marsupials
such as insects. The lower molar teeth of dasyuromorphs typically show a carnassial-like morphology. Members of this order are monophyodont, meaning they
Dasyuromorphia
Species of large cat
south-central China. The skulls of the five type specimens had shorter carnassials and molars than tigers from India, a smaller cranium, orbits set closer
Tiger
Former order of extinct flesh-eating placental mammals
share with the Carnivora, and many other predatory mammal clades, the carnassial shear, a scissors-like modification of upper and lower cheek teeth that
Creodonta
Class of animals with milk-producing glands
of dull, triangular carnassial teeth meant for grinding food. Hypercarnivores, however, have conical teeth and sharp carnassials meant for slashing, and
Mammal
Subspecies of carnivore
upper and lower carnassial teeth of the Italian wolf are close to those of C. l. maximus. Fluctuations in the size of C. lupus carnassial teeth correlate
Italian_wolf
Genus of carnivores
transversely set, much smaller than the upper carnassial, and much wider than it is long, so that the upper carnassial is nearly at the posterior end of the upper
Asiatic_linsang
Clade of carnivores
common feature for members of this clade is the presence of the carnassial teeth. The carnassial teeth of the Carnivoramorpha are upper premolar P4 and lower
Carnivoramorpha
Extinct genus of carnivorous ungulate from Eocene epoch
inaccurate comparisons with mesonychids, and it did not have the meat-slicing carnassial teeth of a hypercarnivore. Its incisors are arranged in a semicircle,
Andrewsarchus
Family of mammals
flesh-eating found in their carnivorous relatives. While they do have carnassial teeth, these are poorly developed in most species, especially the raccoons
Procyonidae
Large feline of the genus Acinonyx
extensive overlap. The cheetah has relatively elongated and blade-like shape carnassial teeth, with reduced lingual cusps, which is thought to be an adaptation
Cheetah
Extinct family of carnivores
were less developed than modern carnivorans. They had carnivoran-type carnassials, but lacked fully ossified auditory bullae (rounded protrusions). Miacidae
Miacidae
Suborder of carnivores
rostrums (snouts) than caniforms, fewer teeth, and more specialized carnassials. Feliforms tend to be more carnivorous and are generally ambush hunters
Feliformia
Species of bear
9 Newton (BFQ 151.4) at canine teeth and 1815.9 Newton (BFQ 141.8) at carnassial teeth. Finite element analysis has found that pandas have the highest
Giant_panda
Clade of mammals consisting of carnivorans and pholidotes
conical, pointed, thick and stress resistant, and presence of the carnassial teeth. Carnassials are feature that allows distinguishing the Carnivoramorpha,
Ferae
Extinct North American wolf
robust and with stronger jaws and teeth, a broader palate, and larger carnassial teeth relative to its skull size. In comparison with the Beringian wolf
Beringian_wolf
Extinct species of mammal from North America
probably larger than female sea minks. The sea mink's wider carnassial teeth and blunter carnassial blades suggest that they crushed hard shells more often
Sea_mink
Extinct genus of mammals
meaning spear and referencing the spear-like paraconid on its lower carnassial, and cyon, meaning dog. The specific name honours Professor Zhan-Xiang
Lonchocyon
Extinct order of mammals
carnivorans, who have one pair of carnassial teeth, hyaenodonts possessed as many as three sequential pairs of carnassials or carnassial-like molar teeth in their
Hyaenodonta
Group of carnivorous mammals
foxes have six extra molars, totalling in 48 teeth) Foxes have pronounced carnassial pairs, which is characteristic of a carnivore. These pairs consist of
Fox
Extinct genus of felid
The premolar four (P4) is also proportionally smaller compared to the carnassial teeth than those of most Panthera species. Furthermore, Hemmer concluded
Feliopsis
Species of mammal in Asia
as the modern species. Its dentition consists of sharp premolars and carnassials (P4 and m1) and molars adapted for grinding (M1, M2 and m2), suggesting
Red_panda
Subspecies of carnivore
its smaller size, whiter colouration, narrower braincase, and larger carnassials. Since 1930, there has been a progressive reduction in size in Arctic
Arctic_wolf
Species of carnivore
to their omnivorous diet with grinding being the main function of the carnassial apparatus. The skunk is listed as "least concern" according to the IUCN
Molina's_hog-nosed_skunk
Extinct genus of saber-toothed cat
of vision, and thereby prevent breakage of the canines. The blade-like carnassial teeth were used to cut skin to access the meat, and the reduced molars
Smilodon
Extinct species of canine mammal
of canids are buttressed behind the carnassial teeth to enable the animals to crack bones with their post-carnassial teeth (molars M2 and M3). A study found
Dire_wolf
Large cat native to the Americas
939 kN (1,110 lbf) with the canine teeth and 6.922 kN (1,556 lbf) at the carnassial notch. Melanistic jaguars are also known as black panthers. The black
Jaguar
Large cat native to Africa and India
named a subspecies P. l. sinhaleyus based on two fossils, a lower left carnassial and a damaged right lower canine tooth, both excavated from deposits in
Lion
Medium-sized mammal native to North America
dental formula:3.1.4.23.1.4.2—is adapted to their omnivorous diet: the carnassials are not as sharp and pointed as those of a full-time carnivore, but the
Raccoon
Consumption of hard-shelled or exoskeleton-bearing organisms
mollusks. Sea otter molars are broad, flat, multi cuspid teeth and the carnassial are also modified for crushing. Both the temporalis and masseter muscles
Durophagy
Genus of carnivores
carnassial (P4) to crack large bones.[citation needed] Smaller bones and bone fragments were likely crushed with the carnassials and post-carnassial molars
Epicyon
Extinct species of felid
was a leopard-sized cat. The skull is mostly Puma-like, but the upper carnassial is Panthera-like. Hemmer, Helmut (2023). "The identity of the "lion",
Puma_incurva
Long, pointed tooth in mammals
Inferior surface. Unerupted permanent teeth underlie the deciduous teeth. Carnassial Incisor Molar Premolar This article incorporates text in the public domain
Canine_tooth
Family of carnivoran mammals
most other members of the Carnivora, bears have relatively undeveloped carnassial teeth, and their teeth are adapted for a diet that includes a significant
Bear
Dog breed
developed. He also noticed strong development of the entoconid of the carnassial. Moore, in the course of various explorations in Florida and Georgia discovered
Carolina_Dog
Species of carnivore
carnivorous diet than the other jackals, as shown by its well-developed carnassial shear and the longer cutting blade of the premolars. Juliet Clutton-Brock
Black-backed_jackal
Extinct genus of carnivorans
impossible. Its advanced dentition is well-known, its broad, bunodont carnassials allowing the lutrine to consume prey by crushing them rather than shearing
Enhydriodon
Family of carnivoran mammals
thus forcing them to operate in teams. Spotted hyenas evolved sharp carnassials behind their crushing premolars, therefore they did not need to wait
Hyena
Large tooth at the back of the mouth
blade-like teeth especially adapted for slicing and chopping called carnassials. A general term for such blade-like teeth is secodont or plagiaulacoid
Molar_(tooth)
Species of canine native to North America
largest subspecies; it has rather pale fur and bears large molars and carnassials. The Great Plains from Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan south to New
Coyote
Subfamily of bears
(Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary) of North America. Preliminary research on the carnassial teeth of tremarctine bears demonstrate rapid and diverse morphological
Tremarctinae
Species of small wild cat
long and 65–68 mm (2.6–2.7 in) wide. The lower carnassial teeth are powerful, and the upper carnassials are short and massive. The first pair of upper
Pallas's_cat
Organism that eats mostly or exclusively animal tissue
from dogs to deltatheridiums, share several dental adaptations, such as carnassial teeth, long canines and even similar tooth replacement patterns. Most
Carnivore
Extinct species of lion
extant lion, with the zygomatic region being strongly arched, with the carnassial teeth having differences in cusp morphology (displaying preparastyles)
Panthera_spelaea
Extinct genus of mammals
shape. As with other hyaenodonts, Simbakubwa's molars bore so-called carnassial blades. These would have sharpened as the animal opened and closed its
Simbakubwa
Species of canine
Simocyoninae on the basis of all three species having similarly trenchant carnassials. This grouping was disputed by Juliet Clutton-Brock, who argued that
African_wild_dog
Family of mammals
possess teeth adapted for eating flesh, including the presence of shearing carnassials. One characteristic trait is a meat-shearing upper-back molar that is
Mustelidae
Behaviour of opening and closing the jaw found in many animals
over many years to better fit their diets. Carnivores possess canine, carnassial, and molar teeth, while herbivores are equipped with incisor teeth and
Biting
Extinct subspecies of carnivoran
subspecies of lion, Panthera leo sinhaleyus, based on a single left lower carnassial (m1) tooth excavated from deposits in Kuruwita as the holotype. It was
Panthera_leo_sinhaleyus
Species of carnivore
with large sharp upper canine teeth, curved lower canines, and sharp carnassial teeth. The jaws are similarly adapted, with the mandibular fossa fitting
Spotted-necked_otter
Small wild cat native to Southern Africa
species. The cheek teeth are 22–23 mm (0.87–0.91 in) long and the upper carnassials 10 mm (0.4 in) long. It has small pointed ears ranging from 45 to 50 mm
Black-footed_cat
Suborder of mammals
that caniforms have longer jaws and more teeth, with less specialized carnassial teeth. They also tend more towards omnivory and opportunistic feeding
Caniformia
Extinct genus of bats
themselves are strongly convergent with those of carnivoran mammals, bearing carnassial-like M1 and M2. The sagittal crest was tall, though less so than some
Necromantis
Tiger population in Northeast Asia
250 mm (9.8 in), zygomatic width 180 mm (7.1 in), and length of upper carnassial tooth over 26 mm (1.0 in) long. It has an extended supple body standing
Siberian_tiger
Species of hyena
ago. At one point in their evolution, spotted hyenas developed sharp carnassials behind their crushing premolars; this rendered waiting for their prey
Spotted_hyena
Canid species native to Australia
with the skull of the dog, the dingo possesses a longer muzzle, longer carnassial teeth, longer and more slender canine teeth, larger auditory bullae, a
Dingo
Extinct genus of birds
Claudia; Ubilla, Martín; and Perea, Daniel (1999). "The youngest large carnassial bird (Phorusrhacidae, Phorusrhacinae) from South America (Pliocene-Early
Kelenken
Extinct genus of rodents
ISBN 978-1-4214-2557-3. Tambussi, C.; Ubilla, M.; Perea, D. (1999). "The Youngest Large Carnassial Bird (Phorusrhacidae, Phorusrhacinae) from South America (Pliocene-Early
Josephoartigasia
Front teeth of most mammals
incisors are small; biting off meat is done with the canines and the carnassials. In elephants, the upper incisors are modified into curved tusks (unlike
Incisor
Family of carnivorans
although never to the same extent as in the Felidae. Their flesh-shearing carnassial teeth are relatively undeveloped compared to those of other feliform carnivorans
Viverridae
Extinct genus of saber-toothed cats
ISBN 978-0-231-10229-2. Legendre, S.; Roth, C. (1988). "Correlation of carnassial tooth size and body weight in recent carnivores (Mammalia)". Historical
Machairodus
Biological interaction
bear has large pointed canines for killing prey, and self-sharpening carnassial teeth at rear for cutting flesh with a scissor-like action Large compound
Predation
1980 killing of an Australian baby by a dingo
for over a decade, said that, contrary to Cameron's findings, a dingo's carnassial teeth can shear through material as tough as motor vehicle seat belts
Death_of_Azaria_Chamberlain
Late Pleistocene canine
and wider braincase, relatively short and massive jaws, and a shorter carnassial length but these were larger than the modern dog and closer to those of
Paleolithic_dog
Genus of mammals
genus of the bunodont otters group, referring to otters with non-blade carnassials with rounded cusps. Sea otters probably diverged from other otters during
Enhydra
Extinct genus of marsupials
third premolar teeth in the upper and lower jaws, that functioned as the carnassial teeth, with these teeth being present much further forwards in the jaw
Thylacoleo
Genus of extinct metatherian
5.2 kilograms (11 lb), the teeth have specialized bladelike cusps and carnassial notches, indicating that the animal was a predator; the jaws are short
Didelphodon
Canid indigenous to East Asia
omnivorous diets, common raccoon dogs have small and weak canines and carnassials, flat molars, and relatively long intestines – (1.5–2.0 times longer
Common_raccoon_dog
Lion population in India
remains were reported from Pleistocene deposits in West Bengal. A fossil carnassial excavated from Batadomba Cave indicates that lions inhabited Sri Lanka
Asiatic_lion
Subfamily of carnivores
compound bulla and the carnassial form of the cheek-teeth. They have excellent hearing and vision. Their flesh-shearing carnassial teeth are relatively
Viverrinae
Taxonomic group of semi-aquatic mammals
adapted for holding onto slippery prey rather than shearing meat like the carnassials of other carnivorans. The walrus has unique tusks which are long upper
Pinniped
Species of carnivore
trenchant heel dentition, having a single cusp on the talonid of the lower carnassial tooth that increases the cutting blade length. Females have four pairs
Bush_dog
Extinct species of mammal
portion of the lower jaw, with an incipient molar tooth and a piece of carnassial from the front of the maxilla. The most complete fossil of Anachlysictis
Anachlysictis
Extinct lineage of the grey wolf
of incisors, carnassials, and molars. A similar pattern was observed in spotted hyenas, suggesting that increased incisor and carnassial fracture reflects
Pleistocene_wolf
Species of carnivore
Gerais in Brazil in 2013. The skull can be identified by its reduced carnassials, small upper incisors, and long canine teeth. Like other canids, it has
Maned_wolf
Extinct genus of mustelid
p4 & m1 and have larger carnassial talonids, and early ursids like Pachycynodon as they are bunodont and have lower carnassial talonids compared to Matanomictis
Matanomictis
Extinct genus of carnivores
million years. Cynodictis had a long muzzle and a low-slung body. It had carnassial teeth for slicing chunks of meat off carcasses. It was about 30 cm at
Cynodictis
Anatomy of domesticated felines
located on each side of the mouth that together are called the carnassial pair. The carnassial pair specialize in cutting food and are parallel to the jaw
Cat_anatomy
Extinct species of otter
Diagram showcasing the lower carnassial of Lutra simplicidens
Lutra_simplicidens
Species of semi-aquatic mammal
most mustelids, have 36 specialized teeth, including sharp canines and carnassials that inflict lethal bites to prey. Also, North American river otters
North_American_river_otter
Species of mustelid
the increased surface area of the molars and the modification of the carnassials. Badger bones are occasionally discovered in earlier strata due to the
European_badger
Extinct species of carnivore
Retrieved September 20, 2014. Legendre, S.; Roth, C. (1988). "Correlation of carnassial tooth size and body weight in recent carnivores (Mammalia)". Historical
Phlaocyon_annectens
Extinct family of mammals
cetaceans, eutriconodont molars occlude, creating a shearing motion like carnassials, and unlike the grasping function of marine mammal molars. It is possible
Ichthyoconodon
Medium-sized wild cat
laced with nerves. It also has four carnassial teeth that cut the meat into small pieces. To use its carnassials, the lynx must chew the meat with its
Canada_lynx
of Geobios, a scientific journal published bi-monthly. Correlation of carnassial tooth size and body weight in recent carnivores (mammalia), in association
Serge_Legendre
Extinct species of civet
proportions. Its canine and three premolars are relatively robust, and its carnassials and two molars are extremely reduced. Fossils have been found at the
Civettictis_braini
Details of teeth found in many warm-blooded vertebrate animals
canines (pigs and walruses), the adaptation of molars into flesh-shearing carnassials in Carnivora, and others. The extant mammalian infraclasses each have
Mammal_tooth
Animals with less than 30% meat in their diets
became extinct.[citation needed] Examination of dentition shows that post-carnassial molar volume expands with hypocarnivores while decreasing in hypercarnivores
Hypocarnivore
Extinct genus of mammals
middle Eocene. Sinopa was a small genus of hyaenodontid mammals. Its carnassial teeth were the second upper molar and the lower third. Sinopa species
Sinopa
Small wild cat
oncilla's jaw is shortened, with fewer teeth, but with well-developed carnassials and canines. Some melanistic oncillas have been reported from the more
Oncilla
Genus of bears
suggest that the Tremarctos genus saw a notable enlargement of their carnassial teeth. Genetic research on the mitochondrial DNA of tremarctine bears
Tremarctos
2025 studio album by Neko Case
Studio album by Neko Case Released September 26, 2025 (2025-09-26) Studios Carnassial Singing, St. Johnsbury, Vermont PlainsSong Chamber Orchestra, Denver,
Neon_Grey_Midnight_Green
Extinct family of carnivores
adapted for carnivory, with large canines near the front and shearing carnassials at the back of the jaw. Amphicyonids were typically mesocarnivorous (majority
Amphicyonidae
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