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CALAIS BORDER-BARRIER

  • Calais border barrier
  • Barrier between the UK and France

    The Calais border barrier is an international border barrier constructed jointly by France and the United Kingdom designed to prevent illegal migrants

    Calais border barrier

    Calais_border_barrier

  • Border barrier
  • Wall or barrier at national boundaries

    A border barrier, border fence or border wall is a separation barrier that runs along or near an international border. Such barriers are typically constructed

    Border barrier

    Border barrier

    Border_barrier

  • France–United Kingdom border
  • International border

    France/Royaume-Uni », p. 654–658. English Channel migrant crossings (2018–present) Calais border barrier France–United Kingdom relations United Nations (ed.). "Delimitation

    France–United Kingdom border

    France–United Kingdom border

    France–United_Kingdom_border

  • Siege of Calais (1558)
  • 1558 battle between England and France

    any natural barriers, Calais's continued English control depended on fortifications maintained and built up at some expense. Near Calais, the English

    Siege of Calais (1558)

    Siege of Calais (1558)

    Siege_of_Calais_(1558)

  • Calais Jungle
  • Evicted migrant camp in France

    recorded. In September 2016, workers began building a barrier, dubbed "The Great Wall Of Calais", to block refugees from accessing a highway where they

    Calais Jungle

    Calais Jungle

    Calais_Jungle

  • Migrants around Calais
  • Group in northern France

    Migrants have gathered in and around Calais, on the northern French coast, since at least the late 1990s seeking to enter the United Kingdom from the French

    Migrants around Calais

    Migrants around Calais

    Migrants_around_Calais

  • Strait of Dover
  • Narrowest part of the English Channel

    Kingdom border Port of Boulogne-sur-Mer French: Pas de Calais [pɑ d(ə) kalɛ] , "Strait of Calais"; Picard: Pas d'Calés; Dutch: Nauw van Calais [ˈnʌu vɑŋ

    Strait of Dover

    Strait of Dover

    Strait_of_Dover

  • Canada–United States border
  • International border in North America

    States Indian barrier state, British plans to set up a new country in the Old Northwest John Lewis Tiarks, a British surveyor of the border Joseph Smith

    Canada–United States border

    Canada–United States border

    Canada–United_States_border

  • Border control
  • Measures taken to regulate the movement of goods and people across borders

    undergo French border controls on British soil. For travel by ferry, French entry border control for ferries between Dover and Calais or Dunkerque takes

    Border control

    Border control

    Border_control

  • Schengen Area
  • Group of European states without mutual border controls

    April 2026. "Spain tears down barriers at Gibraltar border". The Daily Telegraph. 20 June 2026. "Spain removes Gibraltar border checkpoints after 300 years"

    Schengen Area

    Schengen Area

    Schengen_Area

  • Timeline of the 2015 European migrant crisis
  • introduced temporary controls on its border with France to prevent a potential inflow of UK-bound migrants from the Calais migrant camps. 23 February: Norwegian

    Timeline of the 2015 European migrant crisis

    Timeline of the 2015 European migrant crisis

    Timeline_of_the_2015_European_migrant_crisis

  • United States Border Patrol
  • U.S. federal law enforcement agency

    alternative options to a border fence. He suggested that the Rio Grande be widened and deepened to provide for a natural barrier to hinder illegal aliens

    United States Border Patrol

    United States Border Patrol

    United_States_Border_Patrol

  • East–West Highway (New England)
  • four-lane divided highway link with the U.S. border at the International Avenue Border Crossing in Calais, Maine. In Maine, the Maine Department of Transportation

    East–West Highway (New England)

    East–West_Highway_(New_England)

  • The Pale (Ireland)
  • Part of Ireland controlled by England in the Late Middle Ages

    but also for various other English overseas settlements, notably English Calais. The term was also used to refer to specific regions in other nations: the

    The Pale (Ireland)

    The Pale (Ireland)

    The_Pale_(Ireland)

  • Automated border control system
  • Type of automated self-service barrier

    Automated border control systems (ABC) or eGates are automated self-service barriers which use data stored in a chip in biometric passports along with

    Automated border control system

    Automated border control system

    Automated_border_control_system

  • Illegal immigration
  • Entry into a country without any legal right

    poursuivis pour avoir agressé un bénévole à Calais". Amnesty France. "Hungary starts building fence on Croatian border". Deutsche Welle. 18 September 2015. Archived

    Illegal immigration

    Illegal_immigration

  • Czech hedgehog
  • Static anti-tank obstacle defense

    Czechoslovakia. The hedgehogs were originally used on the Czech–German border by the Czechoslovak border fortifications—a massive but never-completed fortification

    Czech hedgehog

    Czech hedgehog

    Czech_hedgehog

  • CPIE Bocage de l'Avesnois
  • Sustainable development association

    having become DREALs ), the Nord department council, and the Nord-Pas-de-Calais Regional council. At that point the association became the CPIE Bocage de

    CPIE Bocage de l'Avesnois

    CPIE_Bocage_de_l'Avesnois

  • Black Prince's chevauchée of 1356
  • English raid of the Hundred Years' War

    The French port of Calais fell to the English in August 1347 after the Crécy campaign and shortly afterward the Truce of Calais was signed. This was

    Black Prince's chevauchée of 1356

    Black Prince's chevauchée of 1356

    Black_Prince's_chevauchée_of_1356

  • Autoroutes of France
  • Highway system of France

    with several European destinations such as the Belgium–France border, as well as Calais, which is connected with England. A20 is named L'occitane as it

    Autoroutes of France

    Autoroutes of France

    Autoroutes_of_France

  • Operation Stack
  • Contingency plan for traffic congestion in Kent

    cancels or restricts ferry services, industrial action at the French ports of Calais, Dunkirk, and Boulogne, and electrical failures in the Channel Tunnel. The

    Operation Stack

    Operation Stack

    Operation_Stack

  • Opposition to immigration
  • Being opposed to non-citizens entering another country

    2012, Israel constructed a barrier on its border with Egypt which reduced the number of illegal immigrants crossing the border into Israel, from 16000 in

    Opposition to immigration

    Opposition_to_immigration

  • Clearing the Channel Coast
  • World War II campaign to liberate northern France

    Dieppe and Ostend were taken without opposition. Le Havre, Boulogne and Calais were subjected to set-piece assaults, after massed bombing and an attack

    Clearing the Channel Coast

    Clearing the Channel Coast

    Clearing_the_Channel_Coast

  • Channel River
  • Prehistoric river in Europe

    (20 mi) wide gap in the ridge, bordered by cliffs of between 15 and 45 m (49 and 148 ft) high on both the Kent and the Calais sides. Unfortunately erosion

    Channel River

    Channel_River

  • Irish backstop
  • Defunct Brexit proposal of 2018

    the EU via Dover and Calais. Using the UK as a "land bridge" is rapid (taking 10.5 hours for the route Dublin-Holyhead-Dover-Calais) but could be compromised

    Irish backstop

    Irish_backstop

  • International E-road network
  • Numbering system for roads in Europe

    from E1 up and signposted on a green background. Its roads cross national borders, consisting of three types of roads: highways, limited access roads, and

    International E-road network

    International E-road network

    International_E-road_network

  • 2015 European migrant crisis
  • Period of significant increase in migration

    ISBN 978-1-349-49589-4. János Besenyő: Fences and Border Protection: The Question of Establishing Technical Barriers in Europe, AARMS, Vol 16, Issue 1, 2017, pp

    2015 European migrant crisis

    2015 European migrant crisis

    2015_European_migrant_crisis

  • List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais
  • cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais, within the historic County of Artois and present day Pas-de-Calais Department of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, located in

    List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Pas-de-Calais

    List_of_World_War_I_memorials_and_cemeteries_in_Pas-de-Calais

  • Southern Netherlands
  • Historical region in Belgium

    Luxembourg), in addition to (until 1678) most of the present Nord-Pas-de-Calais region, and Longwy area in northern France. The (southern) Upper Guelders

    Southern Netherlands

    Southern Netherlands

    Southern_Netherlands

  • France–United Kingdom relations
  • Bilateral relations

    timeline of the human rights situation in the Calais area" (PDF). 2018. "Great Wall Of Calais: Work begins on barrier to stop migrants". Sky News. Archived from

    France–United Kingdom relations

    France–United Kingdom relations

    France–United_Kingdom_relations

  • The Boy at the Back of the Class
  • 2018 novel by Onjali Q. Raúf

    on her own experiences delivering emergency aid to refugee families in Calais and Dunkirk for the novel. The novel received multiple awards, including

    The Boy at the Back of the Class

    The_Boy_at_the_Back_of_the_Class

  • Maginot Line
  • Line of fortifications along the French/German border

    Minister of War André Maginot, it was constructed on the French side of its borders with Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Luxembourg and Belgium. The line was

    Maginot Line

    Maginot Line

    Maginot_Line

  • English Channel
  • Body of water between Great Britain and France

    Channel crossing from Calais to Dover in an aeroplane. Blériot's crossing signalled a change in the function of the Channel as a barrier-moat for England against

    English Channel

    English Channel

    English_Channel

  • 1500 metres
  • Middle distance running event

    broken the 3:27 barrier; Bernard Lagat, Asbel Kiprop, and Jakob Ingebrigtsen. El Guerrouj remains the only man to break the 3:27 barrier more than once

    1500 metres

    1500 metres

    1500_metres

  • List of naval battles
  • melée between French privateers and a Dutch merchant fleet 11 Aug, off Calais 1558 Portuguese English and French Battle of Gravelines English under Count

    List of naval battles

    List of naval battles

    List_of_naval_battles

  • Battle of Poitiers
  • 1356 battle of the Hundred Years' War

    Gascony. The French port of Calais fell to the English in August 1347 after the Crécy campaign. Shortly after this the Truce of Calais was signed, partially

    Battle of Poitiers

    Battle of Poitiers

    Battle_of_Poitiers

  • Dunkirk evacuation
  • Evacuation of Allied forces in mid-1940

    create a barrier (the Canal Line) against the German advance. By 24 May, the Germans had captured the port of Boulogne and surrounded Calais. The engineers

    Dunkirk evacuation

    Dunkirk evacuation

    Dunkirk_evacuation

  • White Cliffs of Dover
  • English cliff shore

    he invaded Britain in 55 BC. The cliffs served as a natural defensive barrier, reinforced by the building of Dover Castle in the 11th century. The cliffs

    White Cliffs of Dover

    White Cliffs of Dover

    White_Cliffs_of_Dover

  • Reduit
  • Fortified structure

    of France of the Second World War, around the Channel ports of Boulogne, Calais and Dunkirk. Réduit Breton, also during the Battle of France in a later

    Reduit

    Reduit

    Reduit

  • Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation
  • Native American Reservation in the state of Maine, United States

    Native Americans. High schools which take students from this school include Calais High School, Shead High School, St. Croix Tech Center, and Washington Academy

    Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation

    Passamaquoddy Pleasant Point Reservation

    Passamaquoddy_Pleasant_Point_Reservation

  • Atlantic Wall
  • Nazi Germany coastal fortifications

    ISBN 978-1-78200-002-0. Williams, Paul (2013). Hitler's Atlantic Wall: Pas De Calais. Casemate Publishers. ISBN 978-1-84884-817-7. Zuehlke, Mark (2009). Terrible

    Atlantic Wall

    Atlantic Wall

    Atlantic_Wall

  • Italian invasion of France
  • Italian engagement of World War II

    Good Fences Make Good Neighbors?: What History Teaches Us about Strategic Barriers and International Security. Georgetown University Press. ISBN 978-1-589-01571-5

    Italian invasion of France

    Italian invasion of France

    Italian_invasion_of_France

  • Battle of Saint-Omer
  • Major field battle of the Hundred Years' War

    wing and were repulsed. However, the men of Ypres, who were defending the barrier, leaped over it and rushed into the open country in pursuit of their adversaries

    Battle of Saint-Omer

    Battle of Saint-Omer

    Battle_of_Saint-Omer

  • County of Flanders
  • Historical territory in present-day Belgium, France, and the Netherlands

    linear language border could emerge in the 8th century. In Pas-de-Calais, which had been densely populated a long time, a language barrier had emerged in

    County of Flanders

    County of Flanders

    County_of_Flanders

  • Royal Military Canal
  • Defensive canal in southern England

    Dungeness, which is approximately 20 miles from Dover and 40 miles from Calais, an area if conquered would provide a direct route to London from the coast

    Royal Military Canal

    Royal Military Canal

    Royal_Military_Canal

  • East African Rift
  • Active continental rift zone in East Africa

    20..120E. doi:10.1029/2018GC007804. Koptev, Alexander; Burov, Evgueni; Calais, Eric; Leroy, Sylvie; Gerya, Taras; Guillou-Frottier, Laurent; Cloetingh

    East African Rift

    East African Rift

    East_African_Rift

  • History of UK immigration control
  • Modern immigration border controls originated in 1905, although some means of controlling foreign visitors to the United Kingdom existed before then. Although

    History of UK immigration control

    History_of_UK_immigration_control

  • Left- and right-hand traffic
  • Directionality of traffic flow by jurisdiction

    facilitate handedness of traffic. For example, the Strait of Dover (Pas-de-Calais) on the English Channel uses RHT with North Sea-bound vessels following

    Left- and right-hand traffic

    Left- and right-hand traffic

    Left-_and_right-hand_traffic

  • Immigration to Europe
  • official border-crossing point. These include illegal migrants interdicted at sea. In 2015, Hungary erected a border barrier on its border with Serbia

    Immigration to Europe

    Immigration to Europe

    Immigration_to_Europe

  • Battle of France
  • German invasion of France in 1940

    from Abbeville to the Channel ports. The 1st Panzer Division advanced to Calais, the 2nd Panzer Division to Boulogne and the 10th Panzer Division to Dunkirk

    Battle of France

    Battle of France

    Battle_of_France

  • Motte-and-bailey castle
  • Medieval fortification

    these structures comes from Jean de Colmieu around 1130, describing the Calais region in northern France. De Colmieu described how the nobles would build

    Motte-and-bailey castle

    Motte-and-bailey castle

    Motte-and-bailey_castle

  • Retro Puppet Master
  • 1999 American film

    battle, Toulon and his puppets go to a train station to leave Paris for Calais, France before things start to get bad, not realizing they already had.

    Retro Puppet Master

    Retro_Puppet_Master

  • Tommy Robinson
  • British far-right activist (born 1982)

    March 2018). "Lauren Southern: Far-right Canadian activist detained in Calais and banned from entering UK". The Independent. Archived from the original

    Tommy Robinson

    Tommy Robinson

    Tommy_Robinson

  • Refugee camp
  • Temporary settlement for refugees

    organization. Unofficial refugee camps, such as Idomeni in Greece or the Calais jungle in France, are where refugees are largely left without the support

    Refugee camp

    Refugee camp

    Refugee_camp

  • Saman and Sasan Oskouei
  • Iranian artist duo and activists (born 1985 and 1991)

    (New York, United States) 2019, Conquête Urbaine, Museum of Fine Arts (Calais, France) 2021, Beyond the streets on paper, Southampton Arts Center (New

    Saman and Sasan Oskouei

    Saman_and_Sasan_Oskouei

  • Battle of Dunkirk
  • 1940 battle between the Allies and Germany in France

    fortifications along the German–French border protecting the region of Lorraine but the line did not cover the Belgian border. German forces had already crossed

    Battle of Dunkirk

    Battle of Dunkirk

    Battle_of_Dunkirk

  • Nine Years' War
  • War between France and a European coalition (1688–1697)

    of England, while the Dutch acquired barrier fortresses in the Spanish Netherlands to help secure their borders and were granted a favorable commercial

    Nine Years' War

    Nine Years' War

    Nine_Years'_War

  • Predicted impact of Brexit
  • Predicted long-term effects of Brexit

    to reach the UK from Calais, from six months to one month. The UK also announced it will invest a further £44.5 million on border security at the English

    Predicted impact of Brexit

    Predicted impact of Brexit

    Predicted_impact_of_Brexit

  • List of World Heritage Sites by year of inscription
  • Argentina Los Glaciares National Park (F) Natural 145 Australia Great Barrier Reef (F) Natural 154 Kakadu National Park Mixed 147 Willandra Lakes Region

    List of World Heritage Sites by year of inscription

    List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_by_year_of_inscription

  • East Coast Greenway
  • Long-distance hiking trail in the United States

    of the East Coast Greenway include: Travelers start in Calais, Maine, at the Canada–US border, and pedal southwest through Ellsworth, where they can stay

    East Coast Greenway

    East Coast Greenway

    East_Coast_Greenway

  • Chateau DIY
  • British reality television series

    Benoît (17 October 2022). "Discover the beautiful gardens of Pas-de-Calais". Pas-de-Calais Tourism. Dale, Sharon (6 March 2020). "Meet the Yorkshire couple

    Chateau DIY

    Chateau_DIY

  • German invasion of Belgium (1940)
  • World War II military campaign

    Germans would try a main thrust through the Belgian Ardennes and advance to Calais to encircle the Allied armies in Belgium. The Belgians correctly predicted

    German invasion of Belgium (1940)

    German invasion of Belgium (1940)

    German_invasion_of_Belgium_(1940)

  • Haiti
  • Country in the Caribbean

    Bibcode:2007GeoJI.168..362D. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03236.x. Mann, Paul; Calais, Eric; Demets, Chuck; Prentice, Carol S; Wiggins-Grandison, Margaret (March

    Haiti

    Haiti

    Haiti

  • Italian Wars
  • European conflicts from 1494 to 1559

    under which France was largely expelled from Italy, but in exchange gained Calais from England, and the Three Bishoprics from Lorraine. In turn, Spain acquired

    Italian Wars

    Italian Wars

    Italian_Wars

  • Dash
  • Long horizontal line punctuation mark

    adjacent words or numbers. Examples include "the 1914–18 war" or "the Dover–Calais crossing". It is only when en dashes are used in setting off parenthetical

    Dash

    Dash

  • New Order (Nazism)
  • Proposed political order by Nazi Germany

    its buffer states and natural borders along the Rhine. Germany then planned to annex Northern France (Nord and Pas-de-Calais) alongside the formal re-annexation

    New Order (Nazism)

    New Order (Nazism)

    New_Order_(Nazism)

  • Operation Market Garden
  • 1944 World War II military operation

    Second Army. (b) To capture Havre (c) In the Pas de Calais to capture BOULOGNE, DUNKIRK, and CALAIS in that order. (d) Then to clear the area of the mainland

    Operation Market Garden

    Operation Market Garden

    Operation_Market_Garden

  • 2016 Nice truck attack
  • 2016 Islamist terrorist attack in France

    and mounted the kerb to force its way through police barriers—a police car, a crowd control barrier and lane separators—marking the beginning of the pedestrianised

    2016 Nice truck attack

    2016 Nice truck attack

    2016_Nice_truck_attack

  • Brexit
  • Withdrawal of the UK from the EU

    to reach the UK from Calais, from six months to one month. The UK also announced it will invest a further £44.5 million on border security at the English

    Brexit

    Brexit

    Brexit

  • French–Habsburg rivalry
  • Territorial and military conflicts between the House of Habsburg and France

    England, while the Dutch acquired a barrier fortress system in the Spanish Netherlands to help secure their borders. With the death of the childless Charles

    French–Habsburg rivalry

    French–Habsburg rivalry

    French–Habsburg_rivalry

  • 2024 European floods
  • 2024 heavy rains across multiple European nations

    flood alert. Particularly affected was the town of Arques in the Pas-de-Calais department. The River Aa overflowed following heavy rains. On 10 March,

    2024 European floods

    2024 European floods

    2024_European_floods

  • Ancien régime
  • French sociopolitical system before 1789

    England, and the Dutch acquired their barrier fortress system in the Spanish Netherlands to help secure their own borders. However, with the ailing and childless

    Ancien régime

    Ancien régime

    Ancien_régime

  • Modern immigration to the United Kingdom
  • Immigration to the United Kingdom since the independence of Ireland in 1922

    lorries or cross-border trains before the illegal small boat channel crossings proliferated from 2018 onwards. The situation at Calais escalated significantly

    Modern immigration to the United Kingdom

    Modern_immigration_to_the_United_Kingdom

  • List of James Bond vehicles
  • Anne, offered ferry service from Dover, England to Boulogne-sur-Mer and Calais, France, operated by Seaspeed from 1968 to 1981 (and thence by Hoverspeed

    List of James Bond vehicles

    List_of_James_Bond_vehicles

  • Migration and asylum policy of the European Union
  • additional border officers and patrol vehicles to Lithuania, and 12 EU governments publicly expressed support for constructing a physical barrier along the

    Migration and asylum policy of the European Union

    Migration_and_asylum_policy_of_the_European_Union

  • Timeline of London (20th century)
  • are killed. 19 July: A cast of Auguste Rodin's sculpture The Burghers of Calais is unveiled in Victoria Tower Gardens in Westminster. 8 September: A Zeppelin

    Timeline of London (20th century)

    Timeline_of_London_(20th_century)

  • History of France–United Kingdom relations
  • Jean de Dunois eventually forced the English out of all of France except Calais, which was only lost in 1558. Apart from setting national identities, the

    History of France–United Kingdom relations

    History of France–United Kingdom relations

    History_of_France–United_Kingdom_relations

  • Dutch people
  • Ethnic group native to the Netherlands

    into Dutch. The current Dutch-French language border has (with the exception of the Nord-Pas-de-Calais in France and Brussels and the surrounding municipalities

    Dutch people

    Dutch people

    Dutch_people

  • List of bastion forts
  • Franche-Comté Blaye, Aquitaine Citadel of Arras, Pas-de-Calais Citadel of Montreuil-sur-Mer, Pas-de-Calais Citadel of Lille, Nord Fort Barraux, Isère Fort de

    List of bastion forts

    List of bastion forts

    List_of_bastion_forts

  • 2010 Haiti earthquake
  • Magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake

    Bibcode:2007GeoJI.168..362D. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03236.x. Mann, Paul; Calais, Eric; Demets, Chuck; Prentice, Carol S; Wiggins-Grandison, Margaret (March

    2010 Haiti earthquake

    2010 Haiti earthquake

    2010_Haiti_earthquake

  • Lindisfarne
  • Tidal island in northeast England

    monastery began to improve. The first Norman Bishop of Durham, William of St Calais endowed his new Benedictine monastery at Durham with land and property in

    Lindisfarne

    Lindisfarne

    Lindisfarne

  • Dzungarian Gate
  • Mountain pass in the Dzungarian Alatau range

    Orithyia, the daughter of the Athenian King Erechtheus, who bore him Zetes and Calais —employed as the symbols of swiftness—and Cleopatra, the wife of Fhineus

    Dzungarian Gate

    Dzungarian Gate

    Dzungarian_Gate

  • National Rally
  • Political party in France

    since the 1981 election and only one candidate, Marine Le Pen in Pas de Calais, reached the runoff -where she was defeated by the Socialist incumbent.

    National Rally

    National_Rally

  • British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War
  • September: Operation Lucid, a plan to send fire ships into the harbours at Calais and Boulogne to destroy invasion barges, was abandoned when War Nizam, one

    British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War

    British anti-invasion preparations of the Second World War

    British_anti-invasion_preparations_of_the_Second_World_War

  • Erwin Rommel in the Second World War
  • War actions of the German military officer

    stocks of ammunition. Rundstedt expected the Allies to invade in the Pas-de-Calais because it was the shortest crossing point from Britain, its port facilities

    Erwin Rommel in the Second World War

    Erwin Rommel in the Second World War

    Erwin_Rommel_in_the_Second_World_War

  • Petroleum Warfare Department
  • British WW2 war department

    when Boulogne was attacked in the early hours of 23 May and the road to Calais was cut. In the defence of Boulogne, a group of pioneers under Lieutenant-colonel

    Petroleum Warfare Department

    Petroleum_Warfare_Department

  • History of Portugal
  • branches all share the same origin, and placenames such as Cale, Gal, Gaia, Calais, Galatia, Galicia, Gaelic, Gael, Gaul (Latin: Gallia), Wales, Cornwall,

    History of Portugal

    History_of_Portugal

  • Mont Cenis Pass Railway
  • Railway line in France and Italy (1868–1871)

    the early 1860s, most of a 1,400-mile (2,300 km) rail connection between Calais and Brindisi had been built, much of it by Thomas Brassey and John Barraclough

    Mont Cenis Pass Railway

    Mont Cenis Pass Railway

    Mont_Cenis_Pass_Railway

  • French artillery during World War I
  • 1er RAP retained control of coastal batteries at Dunkirk, Boulogne, and Calais, while other units reassigned active and reserve personnel to the field

    French artillery during World War I

    French artillery during World War I

    French_artillery_during_World_War_I

  • John French, 1st Earl of Ypres
  • British Army general (1852–1925)

    between him and Kitchener. Kitchener also opposed a major British offensive (Calais Conference, 6 July). Sir John expressed his concern that, although a successful

    John French, 1st Earl of Ypres

    John French, 1st Earl of Ypres

    John_French,_1st_Earl_of_Ypres

  • Keep
  • Fortified tower built in the Middle Ages

    comes from Jean de Colmieu around 1130, who described how the nobles of the Calais region would build "a mound of earth as high as they can and dig a ditch

    Keep

    Keep

    Keep

  • Carrière des Nerviens Regional Nature Reserve
  • Protected area in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France

    régionale de la carrière des Nerviens) is a protected area in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of northern France. It was established on 25 May 2009 to protect

    Carrière des Nerviens Regional Nature Reserve

    Carrière des Nerviens Regional Nature Reserve

    Carrière_des_Nerviens_Regional_Nature_Reserve

  • Ukrainian refugee crisis
  • Ongoing refugee crisis in Europe

    language barriers and the large numbers of refugees creating opportunities for traffickers. A Ukrainian refugee who stayed to help at a border location

    Ukrainian refugee crisis

    Ukrainian refugee crisis

    Ukrainian_refugee_crisis

  • Hugo Sperrle
  • German military aviator and general (1885–1953)

    I and II air corps attempted to gain air superiority over the Calais–Dunkirk area—Calais had fallen the previous day. Massow's Jafü 3 provided fighter

    Hugo Sperrle

    Hugo Sperrle

    Hugo_Sperrle

  • Battle of Messines (1914)
  • Part of the Western Front in World War I

    south-west of Belgium were known as Flanders. West of a line between Arras and Calais in the north-west, lay chalk downlands, covered with soil sufficient for

    Battle of Messines (1914)

    Battle of Messines (1914)

    Battle_of_Messines_(1914)

  • Device Forts
  • Artillery fortifications built to defend the southern coast of England by Henry VIII

    England, as well as making improvements to the defences of the towns of Calais and Guisnes in France, then controlled by Henry's forces. Commissioners

    Device Forts

    Device Forts

    Device_Forts

  • Canada's Worst Driver 11
  • Season of television series

    traffic barriers and blocks and then drive it in a slalom around five foam people at 60 km/h. During his demonstration, Andrew realizes that the barriers are

    Canada's Worst Driver 11

    Canada's_Worst_Driver_11

  • Paris
  • Capital of France

    specially marked bus lanes are free for use by cyclists, with a protective barrier against encroachments from vehicles. Cyclists have the right to ride in

    Paris

    Paris

    Paris

  • French war planning 1920–1940
  • strict neutrality, now that the German Army (Heer) was on the German–Belgian border. French doubts about the Belgian Army led to uncertainty about whether French

    French war planning 1920–1940

    French war planning 1920–1940

    French_war_planning_1920–1940

  • Refugees of the Syrian civil war
  • country". The Foreign Secretary also said refugees were "marauding" around Calais. Amnesty International and opposition party leadership have criticized these

    Refugees of the Syrian civil war

    Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war

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