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Hypothesized early universe process
theories are electroweak baryogenesis, which would occur during the electroweak phase transition, and the GUT baryogenesis, which would occur during
Baryogenesis
Imbalance of matter and antimatter in the observable universe
exist to explain the imbalance of matter and antimatter that resulted in baryogenesis. However, there is, so far, no consensus theory to explain the phenomenon
Baryon_asymmetry
History and future of the universe
very hot and dense state, initiating the Big Bang. At some early stage, baryogenesis produced a small excess of matter over antimatter. Most matter and antimatter
Chronology_of_the_universe
Material composed of antiparticles
and antimatter particles is hypothesised to have occurred is called baryogenesis. Antimatter particles carry the same charge as matter particles, but
Antimatter
Physical theory of the cosmos
not what is observed. A process called baryogenesis was hypothesized to account for the asymmetry. For baryogenesis to occur, the Sakharov conditions must
Big_Bang
Hadron (subatomic particle) that is composed of three quarks
process by which baryons came to outnumber their antiparticles is called baryogenesis. Experiments are consistent with the number of quarks in the universe
Baryon
American theoretical physicist (b. 1962)
concerning the relative weakness of gravity, cosmology of dimensions, baryogenesis, cosmological inflation, and dark matter. She co-developed the Randall–Sundrum
Lisa_Randall
Solution to field equations in Standard Model particle physics
or anti-baryons. This has two important implications in any theory of baryogenesis within the Standard Model: Any baryon net excess arising before the electroweak
Sphaleron
Processes that could produce lepton-antilepton asymmetry
and is known as baryogenesis. However, in some theoretical models, it is suggested that leptogenesis also occurred prior to baryogenesis; thus the term
Leptogenesis
Antiparticle of the electron
energy greater than the pair production threshold). During the period of baryogenesis, when the universe was extremely hot and dense, matter and antimatter
Positron
Period in the evolution of the early universe
transition suggested it could source a gravitational wave background and a baryogenesis, provided the Sakharov conditions are satisfied and the Higgs boson energy
Electroweak_epoch
Hypothetical universe without weak interactions
incorporation into habitable planets has been questioned by Clavelli and White. Baryogenesis and leptogenesis within the Standard Model rely on the weak interaction:
Weakless_universe
Branch of physics that studies mathematical models of the universe
this (currently not understood) process is called baryogenesis. Three required conditions for baryogenesis were derived by Andrei Sakharov in 1967, and requires
Physical_cosmology
Possible fate of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Heat_death_of_the_universe
Hypothesis about sapient life and the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Anthropic_principle
All of space observable from the Earth at the present
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Observable_universe
American physicist
original contributions to grand unified theories, CP violation, and baryogenesis." His notable work includes co-discovering the much studied flipped SU(5)
Stephen_Barr
Mathematician and astronomer (1473–1543)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Nicolaus_Copernicus
Energy driving the accelerated expansion of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Dark_energy
Hypothetical group of multiple universes
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Multiverse
English theoretical physicist (1942–2018)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Stephen_Hawking
Italian physicist and astronomer (1564–1642)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Galileo_Galilei
"Microphysical mechanisms for producing the baryon excess -- baryogenesis". Baryogenesis. CDF Group at LBNL. Retrieved 2011-01-09. Dine, Michael; Kusenko
Affleck–Dine_mechanism
Theories about the end of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Ultimate_fate_of_the_universe
Vast empty spaces between filaments with few or no galaxies
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Void_(astronomy)
American astronomer (1928–2016)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Vera_Rubin
American theoretical physicist and cosmologist
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Alan_Guth
Spatial distortion in cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Redshift-space_distortions
Theory of rapid universe expansion
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmic_inflation
Cosmological time duration
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Age_of_the_universe
Local and global geometry of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Shape_of_the_universe
Period in the evolution of the early universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Hadron_era
Increase in distance between parts of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Expansion_of_the_universe
American astronomer (1889–1953)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Edwin_Hubble
Something that has mass and volume
Possible processes by which it came about are explored in more detail under baryogenesis. Formally, antimatter particles can be defined by their negative baryon
Matter
Cosmological model
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Big_Rip
constrained model for many topics in physics and cosmology, such as baryogenesis and neutrino oscillations. Asaka, Takehiko; Shaposhnikov, Mikhail (2005)
Neutrino minimal standard model
Neutrino_minimal_standard_model
Equation of statistical mechanics
elements in Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the production of dark matter and baryogenesis. It is not a priori clear that the state of a quantum system can be characterized
Boltzmann_equation
Model for the origin of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Big_Bounce
Hypothetical vacuum, less stable than true vacuum
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
False_vacuum
Change in wavelength of light
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Redshift
Value representing energy density of space
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmological_constant
Mathematical model of the Big Bang
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Lambda-CDM_model
Standard energy scale for electroweak processes of 246 GeV
second order phase transition but a continuous crossover, preventing any baryogenesis. However many extensions to the standard model including supersymmetry
Electroweak_scale
Extremely short period of the early universe
number and gave rise to a small excess of matter over antimatter (see baryogenesis). This phase transition is also thought to have triggered the process
Grand_unification_epoch
Hypothetical scenario for the ultimate fate of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Big_Crunch
German astronomer and mathematician (1571–1630)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Johannes_Kepler
Argentine theoretical physicist
topics such as Higgs physics, supersymmetry, dark matter, and electroweak baryogenesis. Since 2018 she is the principal investigator of a national consortium
Marcela_Carena
Aspect of physical cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Future of an expanding universe
Future_of_an_expanding_universe
Cosmological model in which the observable universe is the interior of a black hole
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Black_hole_cosmology
Concept in cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Large-scale structure of the universe
Large-scale_structure_of_the_universe
Hypothetical original substance or state of matter
the "ylem" as described by Gamow was the primordial plasma, formed in baryogenesis, which underwent Big Bang nucleosynthesis and was opaque to radiation
Ylem
Particle with opposite charges
conjugation, and time reversal symmetry CP violations Quantum field theory Baryogenesis, baryon asymmetry, and Leptogenesis One-electron universe Paul Dirac
Antiparticle
Function describing the distribution of galaxies in the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Correlation function (astronomy)
Correlation_function_(astronomy)
Largest structures in the universe, made of galaxies
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Galaxy_filament
Hypothetical invisible cosmic material
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Dark_matter
Phase transition for the whole universe
which lead to successful baryogenesis may predict a strongly first-order electroweak phase transition. The electroweak baryogenesis model may explain the
Cosmological_phase_transition
Cosmological solution to the Einstein field equations of general relativity
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
De_Sitter_universe
Theory that the universe is the same in all directions
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmological_principle
American theoretical physicist (born 1956)
the light element isotopes through 7Li; particle dark matter; big bang baryogenesis, which is an explanation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry observed
Keith_Olive
American particle physicist (born 1958)
phenomenon of kaon condensation, development of the theory of electroweak baryogenesis and other aspects of particle astrophysics, for lattice models with exact
David_B._Kaplan
American theoretical physicist (born 1940)
"technicolor theory" The second, yet independent, theory of cosmological baryogenesis (Andrei Sakharov's work was first, but was mostly unknown in the Western
Leonard_Susskind
Type of non-topological soliton
Alexander Kusenko et al. 1997) and that Q-balls might play a role in baryogenesis, i.e. the origin of the matter that fills the universe (Dodelson et al
Q-ball
Trace radiation from the early universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmic_microwave_background
How to create matter from fundamentals particles to galaxies
the cosmic excess of matter over antimatter, such as leptogenesis and baryogenesis. They could even manifest themselves in laboratory as proton decay or
Matter_creation
particle physics, like possibly the hierarchy problem, dark matter, baryogenesis or the masses of neutrinos. MATHUSLA's location on the surface, shielded
MATHUSLA
Collision of a particle and its antiparticle
muonium Pionium Positronium Quarkonium Concepts and phenomena Annihilation Baryogenesis Baryon asymmetry Comet CP violation Gravitational interaction Positron
Annihilation
American cosmologist
He has worked on many aspects of the Big Bang cosmology, including baryogenesis, nucleosynthesis and dark matter. He is author, with Michael Turner,
Edward_Kolb
American physicist (1881–1948)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Richard_C._Tolman
Type of event in the early universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Decoupling_(cosmology)
Model of the universe – alternative to the Big Bang model
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Steady-state_model
American theoretical physicist (1904–1968)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
George_Gamow
Cosmological models involving indefinite, self-sustaining cycles
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cyclic_model
Elementary particle with extremely low mass
muonium Pionium Positronium Quarkonium Concepts and phenomena Annihilation Baryogenesis Baryon asymmetry Comet CP violation Gravitational interaction Positron
Neutrino
Period in the evolution of the early universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Photon_epoch
Interaction between subatomic particles
universe, and thus forms one of Andrei Sakharov's three conditions for baryogenesis. Physics portal Weakless universe – the postulate that weak interactions
Weak_interaction
Measurement of distance
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Comoving_and_proper_distances
Cosmological phenomenon
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Accelerating expansion of the universe
Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe
Equation describing the universe's density contrast
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Matter_power_spectrum
Fluctuations in the density of the normal matter of the universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Baryon_acoustic_oscillations
Belgian scientist and Catholic priest (1894–1966)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Georges_Lemaître
Everything in space and time
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Universe
American physicist (1933–2024)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Arno_Allan_Penzias
Cosmological epoch c. 370,000 years after the Big Bang
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Recombination_(cosmology)
Cosmological model in which the universe does not expand
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Static_universe
Equations in physical cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Friedmann_equations
Observation in physical cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Hubble's_law
Quantum number relating the quantity of quarks and antiquarks in a system
temperatures, in for example the early universe, they could explain electroweak baryogenesis and leptogenesis. Sphalerons can only change the baryon and lepton number
Baryon_number
Phenomenon of redshift in cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Sachs–Wolfe_effect
Equation of state in cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Equation_of_state_(cosmology)
Universe's background particle radiation composed of neutrinos
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmic_neutrino_background
American astronomer (born 1943)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
R._Brent_Tully
Class of hypothetical redshift mechanisms
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Tired_light
Collision causing gamma ray emission
muonium Pionium Positronium Quarkonium Concepts and phenomena Annihilation Baryogenesis Baryon asymmetry Comet CP violation Gravitational interaction Positron
Electron–positron annihilation
Electron–positron_annihilation
Particle detector for visualizing ionizing radiation
muonium Pionium Positronium Quarkonium Concepts and phenomena Annihilation Baryogenesis Baryon asymmetry Comet CP violation Gravitational interaction Positron
Cloud_chamber
German mathematician, astronomer and librarian (1554–1611)
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Georg_Limnaeus
Digitized astronomical surveys
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Digitized_Sky_Survey
Electromagnetic radiation from the Big Bang
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Cosmic_background_radiation
Concept in physical cosmology
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Graceful_exit_problem
Period in the evolution of the early universe
of the universe Chronology of the universe Early universe Inflation Baryogenesis Nucleosynthesis Backgrounds Gravitational wave (GWB) Microwave (CMB)
Quark_epoch
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